"^ .Vc^E842,9,A54 V. 16 Copy2 t 3^ INVESTIGATION OF THE ASSASSINATION OF PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY HEARINGS u Before the President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy__ Pursuant to Executive Order 11130, an Executive order creating a Commission to ascertain, evaluate, and report upon the facts relating to the assassination of the late President John F. Kennedy and the subsequent violent death of the man charged with the assassination and S.J. Kes. 137, 88th Congress, a concurrent resolution conferring upon the Commission the power to administer oaths and affirmations, examine witnesses, receive evidence, and issue subpenas EXHIBITS 1 TO 391 Volume XVI PUB UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON, D.C. C Of ^ X 9(^.S \ U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON: 1964 Government Printing Office For sale in complete sets by the Superintendent of -Documents, U.S. Washington, D.C.. 20402 PRESIDENT'S COMMISSION ON THE ASSASSINATION OF PRESIDENT KENNEDY Chief Justice Earl Warren, Chairman Senator Richard B. Russell Representative Gerald R. Ford Senator John Sherman Cooper Mr. Allen W. Dulles Representative Hale Boggs Mr. John J. McCloy J. Lee Rankin, General Counsel Assistant Counsel Francis W. H. Adams Albert E. Jenner, Jr. Joseph A. Ball Wesley J. Liebeler David W. Belin Norman Redlich William T. Coleman, Jr. W. David Slawson Melvin Aron Eisenberq Arlen Specter Burt W. Griffin Samuel A. Stern Leon D. Hubert, Jr. Howard P. Willens* Staff Members Phillip Barson Edward A. Conroy John Hart Ely Alfred Goldberg Murray J. Laulicht Arthur Marmor Richard M. Mosk John J. O'Brien Stuart Pollak Alfredda Scobey Charles N. Shaffer, Jr. Biographical information on the Commissioners and the staff can be found in the Commission's Report. Mr. Willens also acted as liaison between the Commission and the Department of Justice. • • • HI • Preface The succeeding volumes, XVI-XXVI, contain reproductions of exhibits received into evidence by the Commission. The exhibits received in connection with testi- mony before the Commission are printed first, arranged in numerical order from 1 to 1053. Next are printed exhibits received in connection with depositions or affidavits, arranged alphabetically by name of witness, and then numerically — e.g., Adams Exhibits Nos. 1-7, Baker Exhibits Nos. 1-22. Finally are printed other materials relied upon by the Commission, consisting principally of inves- tigative reports by law enforcement agencies, arranged in numerical order — beginning with 1054. Eiach volume begins with a table of contents a descriptive listing of the exhibits in the volume and the page or pages on which each exhibit is printed. The numbering of the exhibits received in testimony before the Commission is not completely consecutive the unused numbers are noted in ; the table of contents. Also, various systems of designation were used in con- nection with deposition and affidavit exhibits, so that the designation of some of the^ exhibits begins either with a letter or a number higher than 1 e.g., — Jones Exhibits A-C, Smith Exhibits Nos. 5000-5006. Almost all of the reproductions contained in the exhibit volumes consist of photographs of the exhibits. The legibility of many documentary exhibits is poor, because some exhibits were copies rather than originals and many others were discolored when tested for fingerprints. In some cases where legibility was particularly bad, the contents of the document have been typed out, and reproduced together with a miniature photograph of the exhibit. A few exhibits of negligible relevance were not reproduced because of their length or for reasons of taste. The omissions are described in the tables of contents. In a very small number of cases, names, dates, or numbers have been deleted from exhibits for .security reasons or for the protection of named individuals. The majority of the reproductions are based upon photographs of the exhibits taken for the Commission by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and most of the translations of foreign language exhibits were also prepared by the FBI. This assistance wa.s invaluable in the preparation of the exhibit volumes and is gratefully acknowledged. Documents bearing the classification TOP SECRET, SECRET, CONFIDEN- TIAL, OFFICIAL USE ONLY, and LIMITED OFFICIAL USE appear in these volumes. The originals of these documents in the files of the Commission have been declassified in accordance with Executive Order 10501, and the stamped classifications on them are therefore canceled. Contents Commiaaion Exhibit No. Page 1 1-2 Unsigned note to Marina Oswald. 2 : a-4 Group of photographs. 3 5 Group of photographs, inel'uding a photograph of the home of Maj. Gen. Edwin A. Walker (resigned, U.S. Army). 4 6 Group of photographs. 5 7-8 Photograph of the home of General Walker. 6 9 Letter from Marina Oswald to the Russian Embassy, dated February 17, 1963. 7 10 Translation of Commission Exhibit No. 6. 8 11-12 Letter from the Russian Embassy to Marina Oswald, dated March 8, 1963, with translation. 9 13-20 Autobiography, application, and questionnaire submitted by Marina Oswald to the Russian Embassy, dated March 17, 1963, with translations. 10 21-22 Letter from the Russian Embassy to Marina Oswald, dated April 18, 1963, with translation. 11 23-24 Letter from the Russian Embassy to Marina Oswald, dated June 4, 1963, with translation. 12 25-29 Undated letter from Marina Oswald to the Russian Embassy, with translation. 13 30 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to the Russian Embassy, dated July 1, 1963. 14 31-32 Letter from Marina Oswald to the Russian Embassy, dated July 8, 1963, with translation. 15 33 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to the Russian Embassy, dated No- vember 9, 1963. 16 34 Envelope addressed to the Russian Embassy from Post Office Box 6225, Dallas, Tex., postmarked November 12, 1963. 17 35-36 Notebook \A'ith Spanish words and their Russian equivalents entered on some pages. 18 37-70 Address book of Lee Harvey Oswald. 19 71 Envelope from the Russian Embassy, postmarked November 4, 1963. 20 71-72 Marina Oswald's pharmacy diploma. vii ; Commiaaion Exhibit No. Page 21 73-77 Marina Oswald's union membership booklet. 22 78-80 Marina Oswald's workbook. 23 81-93 Marina Oswald's draft registration certificate. 24 94-105 Lee Harvey Oswald's "Historic Diary". 25 10&-122 Notes written by Lee Harvey Oswald on Holland-American Lines stationery. 26 123-124 Document entitled "Information on Persons Departing for Abroad" filled out by Marina Oswald. 27-28 125-136 Russian questionnaires filled out by Marina Oswald. 29 137-145 Marina Oswald's passport. 30 146 Telegram from "Tarusina" to Marina Oswald, dated December 19. 31 147-150 Letter from Elya Soboleva to Marina Oswald, dated November 1, 1962. 32 151-154 Letter from "Eleanora" to the Oswalds, dated November 22, 1961 letter to the Oswalds, dated February 24, 1962 undated letter from ; "Anita" to the Oswalds. 33 155-156 Undated letter from Alexander Ziger to Marina and "Alek" Oswald. 34 157 Note from the Russian Embassy, dated May 25, 1962. 35 158 Envelope from E. Dzhuganyan addressed to Marina Oswald, post- marked April 20, 1962. 36 159-161 .Undated letter from "E. N." to Marina Oswald. 37 162 Undated note from Marina Oswald to "Aleck." 38 163-166 Letter from "Olya, Kolya, and Yulya" to Marina and "Alek" Os- wald, dated May 17, 1963. 39 167-168 Two pages of an incomplete letter to Marina Oswald, dated Au- gust 27, 1962. 40 169 Scrap of paper with some writing from "Aleck." 41 169-170 Note from Aunt Lyuba and Uncle Vasya to Marina Oswald, dated February 18, 1962. 42 171-174 Undated letter from "Pavel" to Marina and I^ee Han^ey Oswald. 43 175 Paper dated January 7, 1963, with incomplete phrases. 44 176 A few lines beginning an incomplete letter to "Inessa," dated Janu- ary 7, 1963. 45 177-178 Undated note from "Inessa, Anita, Olga Petrovna" to Marina Oswald. viii Commission Exhibit No. Page 46 179 Undated letter to Marina Oswald. 47 180 Undated letter from "Tolya" to Marina Oswald. 48 181 Paper with address of Lydia Dymitruk. 49 182-183 Draft of an autobiography written by Marina Oswald for the Rus- sian Consulate. 50 184-185 Letter from "Erick" to Marina Oswald, dated January 28, 1961. 51 186-189 Letter from "Aunt Valya and Uncle lUya" to Marina Oswald, dated January 24, 1963. 52 190 Undated note from "Alek" to Marina Oswald an undated note from ; "Alek and Inessa" to Marina Oswald. 53 191 A fragment of an aria from Tchaikovsky's opera "The Queen of Spades". 54 192 Undated letter from "Lyala" to Marina Oswald. 55 193-195 Letter from "Alek" to Marina Oswald, dated October 22, 1961, with envelope. 56 196-197 Letter from "Alex" to Marina Oswald, dated October 18, 1961, with envelope. 57 198-202 Unsigned letter to Marina Oswald, dated November 22, with envelope. 58 203-204 Note from "Aleck" to Marina and June Oswald, dated February 17. 59 205 Note from "Aleck" to Marina Oswald, dated February 20. 60 206 Note from "Aleck" to Marina Oswald, dated February 18. 61 207-208 Note from "Aleck" to Marina Oswald, dated February 21 ; and an unsigned, undated note to Marina Oswald. 62, 65 209-211 Letter from "Anna" to Marina Oswald, dated December 2, 1962. 63 212 Note from "Aleck" to Marina Oswald, dated February 15, 1962. 64 213-215 Note from Marina Oswald to "Papa," dated February 20, 1962; letter from "Erick" to Lee Harvey Os\vald, dated August 22, 1962. 66 A-B 216-217 Notes from "Alek" to Marina Oswald. 66-C 218 Note from "Inessa" to Marina Oswald. 66-D 219 Envelope addressed to Marina Oswald, Kharkov, from Lee Harvey Oswald, Minsk. 66 E-F 220-222 Notes from "Inessa" to Marina Oswald. 66-G 223 Note from "Alek" to Marina Oswald. 66-H 224-225 Note from "Aunt Lyuba" to Marina Oswald. ix Commisaion Exhibit No. Page 66-1 226 Note from "Alek" to Marina Oswald, dated October 14. 67 227 Photograph of Galina Khontuleva, with writing on reverse side. 68-A 228 Post card postmarked New Orleans, April 1963, addressed to Marina Oswald, from Lee Harvey Oswald. 68-B 229 Post card postmarked Vernon, Tex., November 25, 1961, addressed to Mr. and Mrs. Lee H. Oswald, Minsk. 69-A 230 Post card postmarked New Orleans, May 3, 1963, addressed to Marina Oswald from Lee Harvey Oswald. 69-B 231 Post card addressed to Marina Oswald in Minsk. 70 232 Post card addressed to "Marina and Oleg" from the Medvedov family. 71-A 233 Envelope postmarked October 7, 1963, addressed to Marina Oswald at the address of Ruth Paine. 71-B 233 Envelope postmarked July 22, 1963, addressed to Marina Oswald, from Ruth Paine. 72 234 Letter from Patrice Lumumba University to Lee Harvey Oswald, dated May 3, 1961. 73-A 235 Certificate of smallpox vaccination for June Oswald. 73-B 235 .Scrap of paper with Anna Meller's address and telephone number. 74 236 Library card for Lee Harvey Oswald for V. I. Lenin Memorial State Library of the U.S.S.R. 75 237-241 Letter from Galina Khontuleva to Marina Oswald, dated Sei>tember 29, 1963, with envelope. 76 242-244 Letter from Robert J. Fitzpatrick, S. J., to Marina Oswald, dated August 7, 1963, with envelope. 77 245-250 Undated letter from Galina Khontuleva to Marina Oswald. 78 251-254 Letter from Ruth Paine to Marina Oswald, dated August 24, 1963, with envelope. 79 255-259 Letter from Pavel Golavachov to the Oswalds dated September 29. 1963. 80 260-261 Two receipts written by Marina Oswald, dated December 2, 1963. 81 262 Receipt written by Marina Oswald, dated December 2, 1963. 82 263-264 Letter from Ruth Paine to Marina Oswald, dated May 16, 196;^. 83 265 Photograph of a young boy with a rocking horse, with writing on reverse side. 84 266 An unused envelope. X Commission Exhibit No. Page 85 267 Envelope addressed to Marina Oswald, Kharkov, from Lee Harvey Oswald, Minsk. 86 268 Envelope addressed to Lee Harvey Oswald, Fort Worth, Tex., from Eric Titoviets, Minsk. 87 269 Envelope addressed to Lee Harvey Oswald, Fort Worth, Tex., from Pavel Golovachev, Minsk. 88-89 270-277 Letter from Elya Soboleva to Marina Oswald, dated December 10. 1962, with envelope. 90 278-283 Two letters from Ruth Paine to Marina Oswald, dated July 14 and July 21. 91 284 Envelope addressed to Marina and Lee Harvey Oswald from Ernst Titoviets. 92 285-336 Typed narrative concerning Russia, by Lee Harvey Oswald. 93 337-346 Notes by Lee Harvey Oswald on his background. 94-95 347-420 Duplicates of part of Commission EJxhibit No. 92. 96 421 Notes by Oswald entitled "A New Era". 97 422-430 Notes by Oswald re Communist Party of the United States. 98 431-i34 Notes by Oswald entitled "A System Opposed to the Communists". 99 435 Biographical notes of Lee Harvey Oswald. 100 436-^39 Self-questionnaire by Lee Harvey Oswald. 101 440 Portion of Lee Harvey Oswald's "Historic Diary". 102 441-442 Notes for a si>eech by Lee Harvey Oswald. 103 443-444 Draft of letter written by Lee Harvey Oswald to the Russian Em- bassy (Commission Exhibit No. 15). 104 445-446 Address Book of Marina Oswald. 105 447-451 Notebook of Lee Harvey Oswald. 106 452-474 Notebook of Marina Oswald. 107 475 Lee Harvey Oswald's pass for the factory in Minsk. 108-109 476-478 Lyrics of a Russian song. 110 479-480 Sheet of paper with Russian writing and English interlineated translations. Ill : 481-482 Book written in Russian. 112 483-484 Uncompleted application by Lee Harvey Oswald for a Texas driver's license. xi CommitsBion Exhibit No. Page n;^ 485 Texas Driver's Handbook. 114 485 Pair of binoculars, ns 486 Rubber stamp marking kit. 116 487-489 Spanish-English dictionary. 117 490 Sheet of paper with penciled markings. 118 '191 Newspaper clipping. 119-120 C) 121 '192 Various medical items. 122 493 Various articles, including small stamp pad, two marking devices, pocket flashlight, fountain pen, and four small bottles of "Pentids 400". 123 493 Various medical items. 124 (*) 125 494 Steel index card box. 126 494 Blue zipper handbag. 127 494 Blue suitcase. 128 495-498 Map of the city of Fort Worth, Tex. 129 499-500 Marina Oswald's birth certificate. 130 501 Copy of Marina Oswald's birth certificate. 131 502 Duplicate of copy of Marina Oswald's birth certificate. 132 503-009 Letter from Pavel Golovachev to Marina and Lee Harvey Oswald, dated September 15, 1962 an envelope addressed to Marina Oswald, ; Fort Worth, Tex., from Elya Soboleva, Leningrad. 133 A-B 510 Photographs of Lee Harvey Oswald holding a rifle. 134 510 Enlargement of Commission Exhibit No. 133-A. 135 511 Mail-order coupon in name of A. J. Hidell. 136 511 Camera. 137-138 (*) 139 512 Mannlicher-Carcano rifle, serial No. C2766 (this rifle will subse- quently be referred to as "the C2766" rifle). 140 512 Green and brown blanket. 141 513 6.5-millimeter cartridge. I * These numbers were not used. 2 This number was not used. xii Commission Exhibit No. Page 142 513 Bag made out of wrapping paper, found on the sixth floor of the Texas School Book Deiwsitory Building after the assassination. 143 513 .38 caliber revolver, serial No.V510210 (this revolver will be subse- quently referred to as the V510210 revolver). 144 514 Holster for a revolver. 145 514 Two .38 cartridges. 146 514 Man's brown shoes. 147 514 Man's black shoes. 148 514 Man's sandals. 149 514 Photograph of man's black shoes. 150 515 Man's brown shirt. 151 515 Man's light-brown cotton long-sleeved sport shirt. 152 516 Top portion of man's pajamas. 153-155 516-517 Man's blue short-sleeved sport shirts. 156-157 518 Man's gray cotton slacks. 158 : 51S Man's black trousers. 159 519 Olive-black-and-white sweater. 160 519 Blue short-sleeved sport shirt. 161 520 Tan slipover sweater. 162 520 Gray zipper jacket. 163 521 Blue zipper jacket. 164 521 Man's blood-stained shirt. 165-168 522-523 Photographs taken at the funeral of Lee Harvey Oswald. 169 524 Newspaper clipping entitled "Mrs. Oswald Offered Home." 170-179 52r>-529 Photogi-aphs taken at the funeral of Lee Harvey Oswald. 180 530-531 Undated letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Marguerite Oswald, with envelope. 181 532-533 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Marguerite Oswald, dated Au- gust 3, 1961, with envelope. 182 534-536 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Marguerite Oswald, dated Octo- ber 2, 1961, with envelope. 183 537-540 Letter from Ijee Harvey Oswald to Marguerite Oswald, dated Octo- ber 22, 1959, with enveloi)e. xiii Commission Exhibit No. Page 184 541-543 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Marguerite Oswald, dated No- vember 8, 1961, with envelope. 185 544-545 Letter from Marina Oswald (written by Lee Harvey Oswald), to Marguerite Oswald, dated November 23, with envelope. 186 54&-547 Christmas card from Lee Harvey and Marina Oswald to Margiierite Oswald, with envelope. 187 548-550 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Marguerite Oswald, dated De- cember 13, 1961, with envelope. 188 551-553 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Robert Oswald, dated Decem- ber 20, with envelope. 189 554-557 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Marguerite Oswald, dated Janu- ary 2, with envelope. ~ 190 ^ . . 558-559 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Marguerite Oswald, dated Janu- ary 23, with envelope. 191 560-561 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Marguerite Oswald, dated Jan- uary 20, with envelope. 192 562-563 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Marguerite Oswald, dated Feb- ruary 1, 1962, with envelope. 193 , 564-566 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Marguerite Oswald, dated Feb- ruary 9, 1962, with envelope. 194 567-569 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Marguerite Oswald, dated Feb- ruary 15, with envelope. 195 570-572 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Marguerite Oswald, dated Feb- ruary 24, with envelope. 196 573-575 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Marguerite Oswald, dated March 28, with envelope. 197 576-577 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Marguerite Oswald, dated April 22, with envelope. 198 578 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Marguerite Oswald, dated May 30, 1962. 199 579 Note addressed "to whom it may concern" signed "Mrs. M. Oswald," dated October 2, 1955. 200 580 Undated letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Marguerite Oswald, with envelope postmarked September 19, 1959. 201 581-582 Undated letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Marguerite Oswald. 202 583 Note from Lee Harvey Oswald to Marguerite Oswald, with a check dated December 18, 1959, and envelope. 203 584 Photograph, taken at the time of the assassination,of the Presidential limousine in front of the Texas School Book Depository Building. xiv Commission Exhibit No. Page 204 585-592 Documents relating to Lee Harvey Oswald's discharge from the U.S. Marine CJorps. 205 593 Transcription of a letter from Marguerite Oswald to the U.S. Marine Corps, dated June 10, 1960. 206 594-595 Letter from Mrs. Marguerite Oswald to Secretary of State Christian Herter, dated March 7, 1960. 207 596 Copy of letter from George Haselton, Department of State, to Mar- guerite Oswald, dated March 30, 1960. 208 597 Letter from Marguerite Oswald to George Haselton, Department of State, dated June 18, 1960. 209 598 Copy of letter from V. Harwood Blocker, Department of State, to Marguerite Oswald, dated June 22, 1960. 210 599 Copy of letter from John T. White, Department of State, to Mar- guerite Oswald, dated July 7, 1960. 211 600 Letter from Marguerite Oswald to John T. White, Department of State, dated July 16, 1960. 212 601 Copy of letter from John T. White, Department of State, to Mar- guerite Oswald, dated July 21, 1960. 213 602 Copy of letter from George Haselton, Department of State, to Marguerite Oswald, dated March 22, 1961. 214 603 Letter from Marguerite Oswald to George Haselton, Department of State, dated March 27, 1961. 215 604 Copy from George Haselton. Department of State, to of letter Marguerite Oswald, dated April 7, 1961. 216 605-606 Letter from Marguerite Oswald to George Haselton, Department of State, dated April 9, 1961. 217 607 Copy of letter from Denman Stantield, Department of State, to Marguerite Oswald, dated May 25, 1961. 218 608 Copy from Denman Stantield, Department of of letter State, to Marguerite Oswald, dated June 21, 1961. 219 609 Copy of letter from Denman Stantield, Department of State, to Marguerite Oswald, dated August 16, 1961. 220 610 Letter from Marguerite Oswald to Denman Stantield. Department of State, dated August 25, 1961. 221 611 Copy of Department of State wire from Allwyn C. Donaldson to Marguerite Oswald, dated January 12, 1962. 222 612 Copy from George Haselton, Department of of letter State, to Marguerite Oswald, dated January 25, 1962. 223 613 Copy of from George Haselton, Department of letter State, to Marguerite Oswald, dated February 1, 1962. XV Comminsion Exhibit No. Page 224 614-616 Letter from Marguerite Oswald to Frances James, Department of State, dated May 25, 1962, with envelope. 225 617-618 Letter from Marguerite Oswald to George Haselton, Department of State, dated May 25, 1962. 226 619 "SiJeedletter"from George Haselton, Department of State, to Mar- guerite Oswald, dated June 1, 1962. 227 620 Copy of letter from Robert L Owen, Department of State, to Mar- guerite Oswald, dated June 7, 1962. 228 621-625 Application form filled out by Lee Harvey Oswald on March 4, 1959 for entry in the Albert Schweitzer College. 229 626-627 Letter from Prof. Hans Casparis, Albert Schweitzer College, to Lee Harvey Oswald, dated March 22, 1960, with envelope. 230 628 Copy of letter from E. Weibel, Albert Schweitzer College, to Lee Harvey Oswald, dated March 28, 1959. 231 629-630 Letter from Marguerite Oswald to Prof. Hans Casparis, Albert Schweitzer College, dated Aprit 6, 1960, with envelope. 232 631 Letter from Prof. Hans Casparis, Albert Schweitzer College, to Mar- guerite Oswald, dated April 26, 1960, with envelope. 233 632 Letter from Marguerite Oswald to Prof. Hans Casparis, Albert Schweitzer College, dated June 6, 1960. 234 633 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to the Albert Schweitzer College, dated June 19, 1959. 235 634 Letter from E. Weibel, Albert Schweitzer College, to Lee Harvey Oswald, dated July 10, 1959. 236 635-637 Copy of letter from Prof. Hans Casparis to Marguerite Oswald, dated April 26, 1960 letter from Prof. Hans Casparis to Marguerite ; Oswald, dated September 3, 1960 letter from Marguerite Oswald to ; Prof. Hans Casparis, dated April 6, 1960. 237 638 Photograph of unidentified man. 238 (') 239 639-679 Copy of U.S. Marine Corps Score Book issued to Lee Harvey Oswald on December 3, 1956. 240 680 Post card from Lee Harvey Oswald to Marguerite Oswald. 241 681 Letter from Joseph B. Norbury, American Embassy, Moscow, to Lee Harvey Oswald, datetl December 14, 1961. 242 682 Letter from Lee C. White. Assistant Special Counsel to the President, to Marguerite Oswald, dated January 23, 1964. 243 683 Telegram from Marguerite Oswald to President Lyndon B. Johnson, dated January 22, 1964. " This number was not used. xvi Commission Exhibit No. Page 244 684 Declaration of Lee Harvey Oswald requesting that his U.S. citizen- ship be revoked, dated November 3, 1959. 245 685-687 Undated letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to the American Embassy in Moscow, with envelope. 246 688-690 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to the American Embassy in Mos- cow, dated January 5, 1962, with envelope. 247 691-692 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to the American Embassy in Mos- cow, dated January 23, with envelope. 248 693-696 Undated letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to the American Embassy in Moscow enclosing a handprinted sheet of biographical informa- tion and a signed affirmation. 249 697-699 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to the American Embassy in Mos- cow, dated March 23, 1962, with envelope. 250 700-701 Undated letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to the American Embassy in Moscow, with envelope. 251 : 702-704 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to the American Embassy in Moscow, dated March 12, 1961, with envelope. 252 705^708 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to the American Embassy in Mos- cow, dated May 1961, with envelope. 253 709-712 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to the American Embassy in Mos- cow, dated November 1, 1961, with envelope. 254 713 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to the American Embassy in Mos- cow, dated December 1, 1961. 255 714^716 Letter from Lee HarA'ey Oswald to the American Embassy in Mos- cow, dated Decmeber 27, 1961, with envelope. 256 717-718 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to the American Embassy in Mos- cow, dated January 16, 1962, with envelope. 257 719 Declaration of Lee Harvey Oswald requesting that his U.S. citizen- ship be revoked. 258 720 Transcript of a press conference dated January 29, 1964. 259-269 (') 270 721-761 Transcript of tape recordings of interviews with Marguerite Oswald and Robert Oswald by Si^ecial Agent J. M. Howard of the Secret Service on November 25, 1963. 271 [The letters contained in this exhibit appear in the exhibit volumes as Arnold Johnson Exhibits Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 4-A, 5, 5-A, and Tormey Exhibits Nos. 1 and 2.] 272 762-763 Letter from Robert Oswald to William McKenzie, dated February 17, 1964. ^ These numbers were not used. xvii 740-536 0-64 vol. XVI 2 Commission Exhibit No. Page 273 764-705 letter from Marina Oswald to AVilliam MoKenzie, dated February 18, 1964. 274 766^767 Letter from William McKenzie to James Martin, dated February 18, 1964. 275 768-769 Letter from William McKenzie to John Thorne, dated February 18, 1964. 276 770-777 Copy of an agreement between Marina Oswald and James Martin, dated December 6, 1963. 277 778-779 Copy of an agreement between Marina Oswald and Robert Oswald, dated December 9, 1963. 278 780-784 Copy of an investment agency agreement between John Thome and James Martin, cotrustees, and the First National Bank of Fort Worth, dated December 30. 1963. 279 785-786 Copy of an agreement between Marina Oswald and the firm of Thorne and Leech, dated December 5, 1963. 280 787-800 Copy of a trust agreement between Marina Oswald and John Thorne and James Martin, dated December 30, 1963. 281 801 Page 68B of the February 21, 1964, issue of Life magazine. 282 802 Page 69 of the February 21, 1964, issue of Life magazine. 283 803 Page 68A of the February 21, 1964, issue of Life magazine. 284 804 Page 70 of the February 21, 1964, issue of Life magazine. 285 805 Page 71 of the February 21, 1964, issue of Life magazine. 286 806 Page 72 of the February 21, 1964, issue of Life magazine. 287 807 Page 74A of the February 21, 1964, issue of Life magazine. 288 808 Page 74B of the February 21, 1964, issue of Life magazine. 289 809 Page 75 of the February 21, 1964, issue of Life magazine. 290 810 Page 76 of the February 21, 1964, issue of Life magazine. 291 811 Page 78 of the February 21, 1964, issue of Life magazine. 292 812 Page 80 of the February 21, 1964, issue of Life magazine. 293 813 Telegram from Janet RuscoU, a social worker in New York, to Robert Oswald, dated June 14, 1962. 294 814 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Robert Oswald, dated Novem- ber 8, 1959, with envelope. 295 815-823 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Robert Oswald, dated Novem- ber 26, 1959, with envelope. xviii Commission Exhibit No. Page 296-297 824-82r, Undated letters from Lee Harvey Oswald to Robert Oswald, with envelopes. 298 82(5 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Robert Oswald, dated May 5, 1961, with envelope. 299 827-830 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Robert Oswald, dated May 31. 1961, with envelope. 300 831-832 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Robert Oswald, dated June 26, with envelope. 301 833 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Robert Oswald, dated July 14, 1961, with envelope. 302 834-835 Letter from Marina Oswald (written by Lee Harvey Oswald) to Vada and Robert Oswald, with envelope. 303 836 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Robert Oswald, dated August 21, 1961, with envelope. 304 837 Post card pictures of the city of Minsk which were enclosed in Com- mission Exhibit No. 305. 305 838-841 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Robert Oswald, dated Septem- ber 10, 1961, with envelope. 306 84^844 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Robert Oswald, dated October 22, 1961, with envelope. 307 845-848 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Robert Oswald, dated Novem- ber 20, 1961, with envelope. 308 849-851 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Robert Oswald, dated Novem- ber 30, 1961, with envelope. 309 852-854 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Robert Oswald, dated Novem- ber 1, 1961, with envelope. 310 855-856 Christmas card from Marina and Lee Harvey Oswald to Robert Oswald and family, dated December 11, 1961, with envelope. 311 857-859 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Robert Oswald, dated Decem- ber 14, 1961, with envelope. 312 860-861 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Robert Oswald, dated Decem- ber 20, with envelope. 313 862-864 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Robert Oswald, dated January 5, 1962, with envelope. 314 865-869 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Robert Oswald, dated Janu- ary 30, 1962, enclosing two photographs, with envelope. 315 870-873 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Robert Oswald, dated Febru- ary 15, 1962, with envelope. 316 874-876 Undated letter from Lee HarA-ey Oswald to Robert Oswald, with envelope. xix Commission Exhibit No. Page 317 877-879 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Robert Oswald, dated April 12, with envelope. 318 880-882 Undated letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Robert Oswald, with envelope. 319 883 Post card from Lee Harvey Oswald to Robert Oswald, postmarked October 10, 1962. 320 884 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Robert Oswald, dated Novem- ber 17. 321 885 Post card from Lee Haney Oswald to Robert Oswald, dated April 4, 1962. 322 886-888 Letter from Lee Harvey Oswald to Robert Oswald, dated March 16, with envelope. 323 889-915 Diary of Robert Oswald from November 22, 1963, to .January 19, 1964.' 324 916 Post card from Lee Harvey Oswald to Robert Oswald, postmarked January 10, 1963. 325 917 List of contracts for distribution of Marina Oswald's story, photo- graphs, etc. 326 918 Newspaper clipping entitled "Marina Oswald Attended Mass, Had Quiet Yule." 327 919 Newspaper clipping entitled "All the Pity in World Won't Help." 328 920 Newspaper clipping entitled "Mrs. Oswald Will Bare Life of Mate." 329 921 Newspaper clipping entitled "Money Gifts to Tippits Nears $200,000 Mark." 330 921 Newspaper clipping entitled "Oswald's Widow Reported Hoping To Be U.S. Citizen." 331 922-923 Letter from the Dallas Civil Liberties Union to Marina Oswald, John Thome, James Martin, Secret Service Agent Sorrels, and the Federal Bureau of Investigation, dated January 6, 1964. 332 924 Copy of invoice showing rental by James H. Martin of a tape recorder. 333 925-930 Letter written by Marina Oswald expressing opinion that Jack Ruby should not be executed, with English translation. 334 931 Cover of the February 21. 1964, issue of Life magazine depicting Lee Harvey Oswald holding rifle. 335 !)32 Photograph of Lee Harvey Oswald holding rifle, secured by the New York Times from the Associated Press. 336 933 Photograph of Lee Harvey Oswald holding rifle, secured by News- week magazine from the Detroit Free Press. XX Commisftion Exhibit No. Page 337 034 Enlargement of portion of Commission Exhibit No. 335. 338 935 Newspaper clipping from the New York Journal-American of Febru- ary 18, 1964. 339 936 Photograph of the C2766 rifle, Commission Exhibit No. 139, taken in the Dallas police station shortly after the assassination. 340 937-938 Newspaper clipping from the New Orleans Times-Picayune of November 24, 1963. 341 939 Newspaper clipping from the New York Times of December 8, 1963. 342 940-941 Newspaper clipping from the New York Journal-American of Febru- ary 23, 1964. 343 942 Newspaper clipping from the Dallas Morning News of Novem- ber 28, 1963. 344 943 Photograph of the Presidential limousine. 345 943 Photograph of the Presidential limousine with top up, from the rear. 346 943 Photograph of the Presidential limousine, depicting interior. 347 944 Aerial view of Main, Houston, and Elm Streets in downtown Dallas. 348 945 Photograph of the Texas School Book Depository Building. 349 945 Photograph of the windshield of the Presidential limousine, depict- ing an identation on the metal framework. 350 946 Photograph of windshield of the Presidential limousine taken from outside the car, depicting a crack in the windshield on the driver's side. 351 947 Windshield removed from the Presidential limousine. 352 948 Photograph of rear seat of the Presidential limousine taken from above, depicting condition of rear seat after occupants were re- moved on November 22, 1963. 353 948 Photograph of scene depicted in Commission Exhibit No. 352, taken from a different angle. 354 949 Aerial view of Main, Houston, and Elm Streets in downtown Dallas. 355 950^951 Copy of daily shift reiK)rt of Secret Service Vice-Presidential detail for Friday, November 22, 1963. 356 952 Photograph of the Texas School Book Depository Building, as marked by Arnold Louis Rowland. 357 953 Copy of statement of Arnold Louis Rowland taken by Sheriff's Department, County of Dallas, Tex., on November 22, 1963. 358 954-955 Copy of statement made by Arnold Louis Rowland to the FBI on November 24, 1963. xxi Commisgion Exhibit No. Page 359 956 Aerial view of Main, Houston, and Elm Streets in downtown Dallas, as marked by James Worrell, Jr. 360 957 Photograph of the Texas School Book Depository Building, as marked by James Worrell, Jr. 361 957 Diagram showing the Texas School Book Dei)osit/>ry Building and the immediate area with relation to the parking lot used by employees. 362 958 Diagram of the first floor of the Texas School Book Depository Building. 363 959 Copy of statement made by James Worrell, Jr., to the FBI on No- vember 23, 1964. 364 960 Replica of the jxaper bag found on the sixth floor of the Texas School Book Depository Building shortly after the assassination. 365 961 Aerial view of Main, Houston, and Elm Streets in downtown Dallas, as marked by Amos Lee Euins. 366 962 Photograph of the Texas School Book Depository Building, as marked by Amos Lee Euins. 367 963 Copy of statement made by Amos Lee Euins taken by Sheriff's Department, County of Dallas, Texas, on November 22, 1963. 368 964 Diagram of a portion of the sixth floor of the Texas School Book Depository Building, drawn by Buell Wesley Frazier. 369 965 Photograph of the Presidential limousine in front of the Texas School Book Depository Building at the time of the assassination. 370 966 Copy of William Whaley's taxicab manifest for November 22, 1963. 371 967, 968 Map of the city of Dallas. 372 969 Sample of punchmarks made by Cecil McWatters' punch. 373. , , 969 Diagram of Cecil McWatters' bus. 374 972 Photograph of the interior of (^ecil McWatters' bus, taken from the rear [see Commission Exhibit No. 379]. 375 970 Photograph of a side view of Cecil McWatters' bus. 376 970 Map of the city of Dallas. 377 971 Copy of sworn aflidavit of Cecil McWatters, dated November 22, 1963. 378 972 Bus schedule of the Marsalis-ltamona-Elwood-Munger run in Dallas in effect on November 22, 1963. 379 072 Photograph of the interior of Cecil McWatters' bus, taken from the rear. xxii Commission „ Exhibit No. •Pafl'e 380 973 Photograph of the interior of Cecil McWatters' bus, taken from the front. 381 n 381-A 974 Copy of bus transfer given to Lee Harvey Oswald on November 22, 1963, by Cecil McWatters. 382 975 Original of Commission Exhibit No. 370. 383 C) 38S-A 975 Photograph of the identification bracelet of Lee Harvey Oswald. 384..., 976 Typewritten copy of note written by Peter Gregory, dated June 19, 1962, addressed "to whom it may concern." 385 977 Schematic drawing made at Bethesda Naval Hospital from descrip- tion of what Comdr. .lames J. Humes observed at time of autopsy on President Kennedy, showing side view of entry and exit wounds to neck area. 386 977 » Schematic drawing made at Bethesda Naval Hospital from descrip- tion of what Comdr. James J. Humes observed at time of autopsy on President Kennedy, showing view from posterior aspect of entry wound to neck area and also the skull wound. 387 978-983 Clinical record of the autopsy protocol prepared by the Naval Medi- cal School, Bethesda, Md., on the autopsy performed on President Kennedy. 388 , 984 Schematic drawing made at Bethesda Naval Hospital from descrip- tion of what Comdr. James J. Humes observetl at time of autopsy on President Kennedy, showing skull wound as viewed from above. 389 985 Frame from motion picture taken by Abraham Zapruder of motor- cade showing position of President Kennedy in his car at time of shooting. 390 986 Frame from motion picture taken by Abraham Zapruder of motor- cade showing explosion from bullet as it hit President Kennedy's head. 391 987-989 Supplementary report of autopsy No. A63-272, on President John F. Kennedy, Naval Medical School, giving gross description of brain. - This number was not used. I XXlll »r P-J» 'h X J t^^rA y:^i4^'^4^ dfyi joc ^A-t^ t^ L 1. This is the key to the mailbox which is located in the main post oflSce in the city on Ervay Street. This is the same street where the drugstore, in which you always waited is located. You will find the mailbox in the post office which is located 4 blocks from the drugstore on that street. ,1 paid for the box last month so don't worry about it. 2. Send the information as to what has happened to me to the Embassy and include newspaper clippings (should there be anything about me in the news- papers). I believe that the Embassy will come quickly to your assistance on learning everything. 3. I paid the house rent on the 2d so don't worry about it. 4. Recently I also paid for water and gas. 5. The money from work will possibly be coming. The money will be sent to our post office box. Go to the bank and cash the check. Commission Exhibit 1. r 1. Tc ^cT u /U^. <.L^ r«' 6. You can either throw out or give my clothing etc. away. Do not keep these. However, I prefer that you hold on to my personal papers (military, civil etc.). 7. Certain of my documents are in the small blue valise. 8. The address book can be found on my table in the study should you need same. 9. We have friends here. The Red Cross also will help you. (Red Cross (in English), [sic] 10. I left you as much money as I could, $60 on the second of the month. You — — and the baby [apparently] [translator's note illegible possibly baby's name] can live for another 2 months iising $10 per week. 11. If I am alive and taken prisoner, the city jail is located at the end of the bridge through which we always passed on going to the city (right in the be- ginning of the city after crossing the bridge). Commission Exhibit 1 — Continued M H M M M K M o M CC CO n a o Commission Exhibit 2 — Continued CO m w o CO 1^ O i 6 —Continued Commission Exhibit 5 8 /^ i . -j^vts .. - ;*«,«»c>..-j" .'JH^'jii: .?3*r';^isy *ato Commission Exhibit 6 740-536 0-64 vol. XVI 3 9 .V^ilDit TRANSLATION BuOM RUSSIAN (Written on top): " CoBEiission Exhibit o Mrt.Marlnt o«w«ld ^ ^.^ box 201^ DalliP nmrch <<,1063 T*x«0,USA B aa«««M «• Po«i«7 Ban «tadtfx«|iiiet •aaoji«'iitk 3 8KS. Bpofefatiioa npi ttoii a«»K«>rtit flp#actft»«ti 3 aRS.eBO#ft «oapo6«©I! fii0Ppa4««j «anMO««k «ai!Bji««M0 »a iM nooja CXP a OIA /3 tM./ 9 Btmmi AodpoBOJObfOii «9Jia««i aos^»9«t»o« «»a Po«i«l e yrataawoii cnemajtt*'oc*i , no ko«kw>o« Bu ««JfflLa« fin |»0ofa¥»t & taias iiec?a apoKMfta««;i, Qt^mmM. fm juia«»oP. etopo«e / a »aioi© ^lo^oKapfomiBi Bui«ro ttpijiMMfb oa»»o miM Aia nMciMA o» Baaix poAOf ••'tWJli ntyvax CCCI' i tLpntMixmMaMx Bae k ca6a «>a »ifaa»@fiO« ll90Ji« BOJnr'««^« o» Bac yitasaitwiiJi aoiqrM«<^o», mm «Mpft MM ilaM* xosafalOYiO «Nk paocMOTpa«ri« MeoT«Mx oobotomx B»Of«l .OnoK paociio»p«wt^ • 5-6 Mecuqei. B ojy^ae Boa«.ii^OB«»»ia Kaiaix-jiM6o senpocoB mmb »att>y5 • >•?, iMBBTe toM BJiii 3B0«iife no Tftaes^jcy. Haa axpMS .^'' // H«Pa8fTXi|«<'K0 * 3aB.Ko«cyakCK«M otneJOM Commission Exhibit 8 t 11 EMBASSY OF THE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALISTS REPUBUCS Consular Division 1609 Decatur Street, N. W. IWashington, D. C. TPANST, ATION Mrs .Marina Oswald March 8, 1963 Box 2915 Dallas Texas, USA Dear Marina Nicolaevna! In reply to your letter we inform you that for purpose of exaaining your request concerning your return to the hoae- land it is necessary for you: To fill out an application in 3 copies. Furnish 3 copies of your detailed biography. Write a request in the naae of our Ambassador to USSR in 3 copies. About your voluntary wishes to return to your homeland with indication of your profession in which yon would wish to work and also of the place of residence: Furnish 3 photos of passport size signed on the face of the photograph and also photographs of your child. FUrnish one or two letters from your relatives residing in the U5»SR who are inviting you to live with them. After receiving from you above-mentioned documents ms will forward your request for processing to the local Soviet authorities. Time of processing requires 5 to 6 months. In event of any questions or difficulties please wril^ ,(«! 11^ pjT ^11 us on the telephone. Our address is Decatur St — Commission Exhibit 9 Exhibit G for identification .^^^^ 4^C^^^ A^yU^-CiQ. e \ X ^ ^^^ Commission Exhibit 9 13 ^ TRANSLATION FROM RUSSIAN Copy of one -page handwritten letter City of Washington Embassy of the Soviet Union in the U. S. A. To the Ambassador of the USSR in the United States jipp^jeATiON— i)ec L^r^^'^ ^C> A/ I request your permission for granting me a visa for entry in the USSR. /s/ Marina Oswald March 17, 1963 TRANSLATED BY: TATUNA NIKONISHINdrv November SO, 1963.^ Commission Exhibit 9 —Continued 14 M AHKETH QUESTIONMAIRE Hw UMi • vt OTBCTU Ammtrs MM R otttette. (JUn». ww- yi^M1% tU tMMHOCTWO; MM MOM ACMMMM yUWItk /' Itail Mffi*aid patronymic «tai to 9rr«r«i turoaims or I M^ fivt tb«n al; tmr- IM ar VM9W nwt tjm her MMWMd IwkutbatMr* naiM) I Hiiem, igmim. nn n m«cto powtmma 0«y^ aMe^ yMr ftnd piaee o( birtii J ' (Tt^ 1. »t Mrtb (/yc&^c^Uf'^ rpMuMKmo um noAUHcrao • h- 4. wa— ipewi. Ecu pMit men apy- ^^' i>«;^ /^y^ c? <^^ /i-^Vc yvLdi-* m tfUUBUKtm m* WAAtiKtw. jmunra. to 4. PtwH Md fofffltr tMamiMp Ok MaCtO INMOW B B. WiMn ss yon work ct fifatcnt, wtet typa of viit *> yon tfo and vtiat is Commission Exhibit 9 —Continued 15 " TRANSLATION FROM RUSSIAN Copy of a two-page Questionnaire for persons desiring a visa for entry Into the USSR Translator's Note: Since printed "Questions" are given both in Russian and In English translation, only the "Answers" portion of the document is being translated. 1. Oswald, Marina Nikolaevna " Prusakova, - maiden name. 2. July 17, 1941, in Severo-Dvinsk (Molotovsk), Arkhangelskaya Oblast. 3. Russian 4. Soviet citizenship, had no others. 5. Housewife at present, in view of a small child and the lack of knowledge of the English language. TRANSLATED BY: TATIANA NIKONlSIflNrArv Novennber 30, 1963,^^ Commission Exhibit 9 —Continued 16 ) *«> bi OTBETW Answers Jl ^^j^-tSi^, ^.4£*^ e. • ?.*"'-'?• -^i?-'^'- . CCCP ««. aoMtaAcT- rwtMUwl . •»«» USSI ' Ecm c Arm Ao 16 Jwr. ait, ontcTM ? (^t turciMMi. .. pctranyntc* and aft «t aMbr 11 yttra / < ^.^ /^^^. j^^o y./U.it.**- rf^r to yxaantc, mt%%, t» r wm aaiiima .fMCk) f^' , -^ \' r ^'', /^ii^^i/'^ft • i Huva yon tNM l» tte USM Mora? ^r>^,e> j'<> ^-t-«s >Hc"y©«r,*.^ (it io-vlwr« afld wturt waa yont bw(- KMa>) r>y,-<^/*yf //^^^ /j &»Mxia pojtetimaHmM • CCCP f. Namaa and of rtfctivaa in tha USSR (H any) - V <^ t^ ^^-^ . 10. A4pcc BaiBcro noet9aKm>ro hccto- XHTMvrrM }0. Your parmanant Xw^< ty - o 9 ^•coi y^rw lo 12 r»f Scan n% nan itc aatr^ys-iTe/ik-o npiexaTb k ••ii • Maii»rro» i -ac^oiua^© ipiwM. npociM Bac coo6«ivfc ^aii Sf»^ii*ii, fla6y«Ra«ffii3 3ac i086y«iJTfc xoaa^itcfae o i*«t«t t OoBOTCKBl CoKMi "a nocTO«»«oe «if«a»c»»o. C yMutawiaii, ^.P««i*niit»i«> 3aB.Ko«eyjiBCKMM orseiion /*V>- Commission Exhibit 10 21 EMBASSY OF THE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS Consular Division 1609 Decatur Street, N. W. Washington, D. C. TRANSLATION Mrs. M.Oswald April 18, 1963 Box 2915 Dallas Texas Dear Marina Nicolaevna! In connection with your request it would be desirable for you to come to IVashington in order to visit the Consulate Section of our Embassy. The Consulate Section is open daily except Sundays from 9 a. a. to 5 p.m. and on Saturdays fron 9 a.ai. to 12 noon. If it is difficult for you to cone to us to Washington at the present time we request you to give us reasons which made you start proceedings for permission to enter the Soviet Union for permanent residence. Respectfully yours, (signature illegible) N. Reznichenko In Charge of the Consulate Section of the Soviet Embassy in United States Commission Exhibit 10 —Continued 22 Jon* 4,1^3 i ffiiMi ftititt xoiiftittidii d Miiii d CotfTenii @«»i II lie m tetieiioeti spiMXin t Bii»fffM u nm%fwn tmmpOimiA C |MB««mi y 1 Commission Exhibit 11 23 EMBASSY OF THE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS Consular Division 1609 Decatur Street, N. W. Washington, D. C. TRAWSLATIQW June 4, 1963 Mr. (sic) M.Oswald 4907 Magazine Str. New Orleans, La. Dear Marina Nicolaevna, In connection with your request for entrance to the Soviet Union for permanent residence, in our letter of April 18th we requested you if possible to come to Washington and visit the Consulate Section of our Eobassy. If it is difficult for you to visit us we request you to advise us by letter concerning reasons which made you request this permission for entering the USSR for permanent residence. Respectfully yours, /s/ V. Gerasimov N. Reznichenko In Charge of the Consulate Section of the Soviet Babassy in United States Commission Exhibit 11 —Continued 24 %!^, j.-^ •:s::;:i :-»-- » -i;^: • Commission Exhibit 12 740-536 0-64 vol. XVI 4 25 : TRANSLATION FROM RUSSIAN Copy of a three-page handwritten letter To the Embassy of the USSR Washington, in the U. S. A. , Consular Section, Comrade Reznichenko from Oswald, Marina Nikolaevna Dear Comrade Reznichenko! I received two letters from you in which you requested me to Indicate the reason for my wish to return to the USSR. But first of all, permit me to apologize for such a long silence on my part and to thank you for a considerate attitude tpward me on the part of the Embassy. The reasons for my silence were certain family "problems" {if one can express it this way) which stood in the way. That is also one of the reasons why I wish to return to the Homeland. The main reason, "of course" (sic), is homesickness, regarding which much is written and spoken, but one learns it only in a foreign land. I count among family "problems" the fact that in the middle or the end of October, I expect the birth of my second child. This would have probably cc»nplicated matters for me, because I would not be able to work during the first few months. And yet, I have no one from whom I could expect help, for I have no parents. My relatives were against my going to America and, therefore, I would be ashamed to appeal to them. That is why I had to weigh everything once more before replying to your letter. But things are improving due to the fact that my husband expresaes a sincere wish TRANSLATED B\ ,, TATIANA NIKONISHIN.drv November 30, 1963 Commission Exhibit 12 —Continued 26 /--< *-u-^J^ J'^**^ ^*->^ '^V ^ ^.^.^^H ^t^c^^tft ^^^.^^^^ ^m^u^ K./^l^^ 'X ^>v**y ««« ^ ^ff .^-^^ --t^t^ U^A^S ^^ S^4»S^^ Commission Exhibit 12—Continued 27 to return together with me to the USSR. I earnestly beg you to help him in this. There is not much that is encouraging for us here and nothing to hold us. I would not be able to work for the time being, even if I did find work. And my husband is often unemployed. It is very difficult for us to live here. We have no money to enable me to come to the Embassy, not even to pay We both for hospital and other expenses connected with the birth of a child. urgently solicit your assistance to enable us to return and work in the USSR. In my application I did not specify the place in which I would like to live in the Soviet Union. I earnestly beg you to help us to obtain per- mission to live in Leningrad where I grew up and went to school. I have a sister and a brother of my mother's second marriage there. I know that I do not have to explain to you the reason for my wish to live precisely in that City. It speaks for itself. I permit myself to write this without any desire to belittle the merits of our other cities. Moreover, it would be easier for me to find employment in Leningrad, since there are more pharmacies there and additional personnel are needed. For instance, when I came to Minsk from Leningrad, I could not find work in my specialty for quite a long time, because they had sufficient personnel. These are the basic reasons why I and my husband wish to return to the US^. Please do not deny our request. Make us happy again, help \is to return Uiat which we lost because of our foolishness. I would like to have my seccmd child, too, to be born in the USSR. Sincerely and respectfully, /s/ M. Oswald - 2 - Commission Exhibit 12 — Continued 28 0OtS>Si^ P. S. I enclose with this letter an application of my husband for permission to enter into the USSR. /s/ M. Oswald VtS:; r-r VS::S-- 1i:l»S»^=--5^-='^- —Continued Commission Exhibit 12 29 4>.i.' i^ T4 ,*<-- ./ >. >, C-* -^ 1 > ** £i*.l^ ' i _ /A^-^-eJ^^ - * ^^^.^-«_. » ^^ <«-<» -^ V . <* -" -^ ^^'4 - » »--< ^ ^' y*'/' ? -^ .1 «ty^ «"!>?#• /*. t^i lie rcc ^^.^y^ . I ^ f ty < <*/•> (.^^.''Xr 0^ ^ f , ^ .- X / ^ ^o^c ev-^cy^-r V ''-'.- r-Vp^^^ Commission Exhibit 14 31 Copy of one -page handwritten letter V (sic) To tiie Embassy of the USSR in the U. S. A.Washington , Consular Section Comrade Reznichenko from Oswald, M. N. Dear Comrade Reznichenko! You should understand our impatience and, therefore, by this letter, beg you to inform us of the result of replies (sic) to my appeals I with regard to the departure of our family to the USSR and residence In Leningrad. I urgently beg you to facilitate the e;5)editing of this matter for the reason stated in a previous letter. Respectfully, /s/ M. Oswald July 8, 1963 New Orleans TRANSLATED BY: y.. Ikllk^k NIKONISfflNrdrv " November 30, 1963 ^ Commission Exhibit 14 —Continued 32 ''^ tUM.t L££ n. 03WiU.C P.O. OOX d225 , =*"**!» 2*** jr^> ^ *il OCHSULAR 3IVI3I0J ovooti •!»«« .y •••ttolP. with oowrmd* Thl. I. to Infof you of r.o«t Ual<», M«l«» 04ty, Mwloo. Rootln la tho E«h»..y Of tho ftorl^t ay -oxio*! I «M u«^l. to r«id« ia Mo«l»o ladofially Voow-o of 44y* «ly* X ooidd aot Uk. * ohanoo vl.a rortplctloa. «hioh »a. ft»r 25 « r.qo.tla8 a a*» »t.* «nl.i. X u.o4 ay roal «—•. '•• ^ Mt«r«* U th* -ib»My to M«loo oo th«y I had not pl«nr»od to oootaot th« SoHoi »o»Ut taba-.y to K««a- «r* unproparod. bad 1 boon abl. to foaah ti-^ M pl«»od,ti« «baoey thTO would ha^ W tto« to oosploto our bu.to.o«. «M»lt.tl»oy woro, a» I .ay^ua- Of eorto th. SoTlot ottkaooy «a« not at broaoh of roffiUUon.. prapwod.tho Cuh«x oeaoulato wa. guilty of a iro.t I w glad ho h«« otoeo bo«a ropUod* Tho Fodoral Bur«» of Xawatigpitloa U not not* totwrootod la oy actlvlUoa to th» progroaalvo orjpuxtoattoa* Fair Hay for Cuba SooBiittoo*, Uutotona) atooo X no loagwr of which I wa. ..or«tary to Ko- onoaao(otato roaldo la that ttaU. Howwr, th. F.B.I. hao riotod u. hwr. to i3alla..T«SM, to P.P.0.0. ofl .lo^-bw- X.t. Agttt 4aaoo P. Hartr uamod «• that If 1 mekgo^ to •«. aotlTtUoo to T«aa tfao P.B.I, will ag^to tako Mi'totorrwiS aho oould Thla agmt aloo "•ugcBatod* to Maxtoa Kiohilayova that that lo aho oould r«aala to tho Unltad SUtao undor F.a.I. "pro toot Ion!, , wlfo rtroagljr pretoatod dofoot froB th. SoTi.t Uioa ,of ooMo, X and «y ih.oo taetioa hy th. aotorloua P.B*X** »i.a'a aa aoea Plaaao tofora ua of tho arrival of our SovUt oatraaoo a. thoy ». , 1965 of a lleo. this I. to tofora you of tho blr^oo Ootob«r wlfo* to ay Commission Exhibit 15 33 ^ « M s & 4 a!. n 2 aae.,:;^: ;jJ2»IJ?i.!^«>''/WB O .;? .= 5 ;? e- Xi -1-1 -i-i -t-i a o T-i-i eS w r-l (N CO * lOCDt-OOOiOrH(NeO •4* lO ?D o o -O 0) W 09 in OS o ;-l 1^ o O o be so a 3 o a o 0) u 'm o a o 0) 0) X j3 2 22 OJ Xi -- R2 5r -^^ G a - i §5 a ^ -i-> * -^ o s^ § O •a o o osaga^jcuofl'ti-- ^09 aa> a> a% o ^0) S3 '5 2 •£] O w CO -M V o « o * a; ,£3 » Qj a "^ 4) ;-! Ol 1^ o OS a o ,a ja a; »»?;V^i»> '^C-**'' r »^fr- > i,;-iM"tT- V o rtJ ^r "V^d ' '-0 i? :) W 1 |1 ,l''J^'i|> '"i^ ^v Flyleaf 3: Top of page: Lee Harvey Oswald (in Russian transliteration). Commission Exhibit 18 —Continued 38 Page 3 : Rough street plan of Moscow, Russia, with the Kremlin in the center. /y/S mVAHfitKT ST. /Jf^^vr f.*V»»*^ i.s.V3^.i-9-^^^^ Page 4; Top of page: after the name 4. Reference from residence "Quin, Murret" : Aleksey (Lenya). 5. Characteristic Page 5: 6. A copy of birth certificate 1. Application 2 cop. 7. A copy of marriage certificate 2. Autobiography 2 cop. 8. A request from the husband 3. Reference from work 9. Photograph 8 copies Commission Exhibit 18 —Continued 39 c^-**-^ (fa^ ^^ ''^^^AM^Jti^ >-e«9c ^J^fe*>*. 8MJ9^*^ oy /3^«^ C^ >«?. ^//^/^^ ) <»<5<^^ ?^ i^^^.^tf^T'^' X-**/^. > ^U£Z Page 7:—citizenship Mosgorispolkom (Executive Committee of the Moscow City Soviet of Workers' Deputies) Issued January 4, 1960 (No. 311479) Residence permit for a foreigner (AA N. 549666) ^^itwM) . OHv So,/.' ft ^?>7A9SSS /7 Commission Exhibit 18 —Continued 40 ^7 f^y. /fuss. s?y>. J^^4^^0tJ^ A^t^ ^/e-***«>' J ^<^r6f /'^^i Cru /-> 3/6 ^ ^/>^i^ 9: iMzh.rooio Page 12: Znanya (Znanie) (Knowledge) Gary St Translator's Note: Believed to be Russian bookstore in San Francisco. Page 13: Wedding (ring) (Crossed out) bank 36 : 5 rubles pol. (?) Commission Exhibit 18 —Continued 740-536 0-64 vol. XVI 5 41 /9c^e 6/9. c^ /^.l^. Bex ^9" /3/ /sc^/^j AjO ^a ^do t^/r /VK c-^ " /»- e/ v i969 Jl)ui^(/Co yfunc*^^.'- * &tjeA> i.J. 'HtfY /fix. eL/7 X Page H: Zakharova B-1.4365 12./Gorkova No. 15 Translator's Note : The above is an address. Page 15: Following the words "Given 22 May 1962" : Militia Administration of Minsk Commission Exhibit 18 —Continued 42 . Page 19: SPASEEBA (means) THANK YOU. Following letters "KUTV" are words of a popular Russian song "Polyushko Pole" (Little Field) : Page 21: Bereshchagin (possibly, "Vereshchagin"). {Translator's Note: Possibly a man's surname) Commission Exhibit 18 —Continued 43 r ^/y/: Ic>ct f?iH /^. / / ^ 9 /3 // ^^ /i ^? J ^ t) i! n 1^ /^ ^ ;y :?r 2i At (A/ r 5 B y Ue/'o n y /^«^ y e^c f X'U.tiu.b-^^t y H/fc w % l/tf^C^H^ y /^*i* cA.qS -A?. TAQtft i Ufuiu^ r ^11 Page 24: ^"/,€//^J( ^ \^£k^ ^^t^JUi. /^Se/e- Ho y9L'Xot9\ Dn 4jg^jfi!ifi^^fl&W^' Page 26: : >« 5 B ^hM I 7h .3i U \^M / i u Z^ y^/xMe J [ IZOX-OO Po.fi'e 28 (A2): Page 29: Bottom line Vneshtorg Bank Debooy or Debovy Bank for Foreign Trade {Translator's Note: significance of above Moscow is unlinown) Neglinnaya Ul. 12 Kozlova (woman's surname) K-03400 (telephone number) (792) (possibly telephone extension) Commission Exhibit 18 —Continued 47 Page 31: Vis (a) and Reg(istration?) OflSce Kolpachny Per. 9 (9 Kolpachny Lane) Moscow (2 lines crossed out, writing illegible) Colonel (?) Petrikov —Dobromyslenski Lane 5 Citizen Demushkina —Continued Commission Exhibit 18 48 Page 33: 14 (?) Zhdanova Hotel Savoy (?) K 41980 (possibly telephone number) Ul (Street) Zakharova House No. 11, apt. 72 Golovachev, Pavel (man's name) Ella German Ul. Lavsko —Naberezhnaya (Embankment) No. 22, Apt. 2 Gdr. (?) Ul. Stanislavskogo 20 (Crossed out) : also Sastan (?) Minsk Ela German ul. Lavskaya Embankment No. 22, Apt. 22 to America Commission Exhibit 18 —Continued 49 ) .va6^ ^rr^^ o^e.'^^4y 7* i.*'i III AjA^*t*^ y^uXiA HUH? THX^dond, 1 I Page 35: Lyudmir (Lyudmila ?) Dmitrievna Hofel "Berlin" (Savoy) Gomam Demka ( ?) 20244 (Business (phone ?) Following "Atlanta, Georgia" Natalia Alekseevna Children's Polyclinic B-3-91-92 Petrov. Vorot (Petroveskie Gate ?) Commission Exhibit 18—Continued 60 Page ffl: Aleks. Romanovich Ziger Miss Kaisenheim Krasnaya Ul., Minsk (?) House 14, Apt. 42 Kalashnaya Lane 6 West German Embassy Dutch Embassy B. Gruzinskaya Ul. 17 Van Hattun Commission Exhibit 18 —Continued 51 VU^- M .K t t C^ C2 U /'( / Z^'^/'- a Sovnarkhoz (Council of the National Economy) of Minsk for a job Gorsoviet (City Council) for a flat Inderedko (Inter. Rescue Committee ?) Commission Exhibit 18 —Continued 52 J. /x. « u Page 45: 7/18 MoscoM% K 31 (?), Ul. Zhdanova (above is an address) Minsk Ul. Kai-la Marksa No. 35 Kon. Narokhsov. ( ? Tel. 206311 Comrade Dyadev Room 279 — (illegible) 20575 Sharapov Minsk House No. 4, Apt. 24 Ul. Kalinina Kuznetsova, Rosa Intor. (Intourist ?) Hotel "Minsk" 92-^63 House 30, Apt. 8 Ul. Kola Miskneva (?) Nel Norodovskvimi (?) 112 In(stitute) of Foreign Languages Commission Exhibit 18 —Continued 53 ' D //rze-yp" m I' /- « U ' Communist Party U. S. A. 23 West 26th St. New York Page Ift: Mexico City Consulate of Cuba Zamora and F. Marquez 11-28-47 Sylvia Duran Embassy of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republic 15 6155 (15 60 55) Department of Consular Matters Cubano Airlines Paseo de la Reforma 56 35-79-00 U. S. Embassy Lafragua 18 46 94 00 Bills 1-5-10-20 12.5 Pesos-$1.00 1 Peso-.O80 Coins 1-5 pesos. Commission Exhibit 18—Continued 54 Page 51: Medical Institute LUCIA 31890 Ul. Kalinina 14. Commission Exhibit 18 — Continued 55 Page 52: smola (?) 14 stova (?) Page 53: Merezhkinsky (man's name) Prospect Staliua 12, Apt. 26 veogde (?) 7-14-53 Page 55: Notary Office Ul. Zakha. from 9 to 18 :30 Recess 13-14 Saturday 9-13 Closed Sunday Commission Exhibit 18 —Continued 40-536 0-64 vol. XVI 6 67 Page 51: OVIR (?) Moscow Ul. Ogareva VZhA D.A. Vlgeda (?) K 45026 DD 10206 DD 19106 Ostaukino (residence of Russian writer Boris Pasternak) — (illegible) "B" OVIR, Moscow Kolpachny Lane 9 Commission Exhibit 18 —Continued 58 % y^6/xc?c/u^y^ Pit PH'/f^ >C5 •<93^ /<1>W Page 58: Kharkov V'ezd Trinklera (Trinkler's Gate?) House 5, Apt. 7 the Mikhaylovs (for Marina) Page 59: Registry Office K-78545 Passport No. P311479 Jan. 4( ?) 60 Minsk 25994 Ex-39 Vidim (Vadim?) Petrovich Teacher, Moscow, IN. OR. Yak. Riga Ul. Pemovas House 39, Apt. 1 Pogorelskaya, Lena (Lena Pogorelskaya is a woman's name) Tel. 70540 Prusokova Maria Kalinina30 (?) House 39, Apt. 20 Commission Exhibit 18 —Continued 59 : Page 60: Petrikov Ul. Lunacharskogo 8 Argentine Embassy Polsky (Polish?) Ul. A. Myskogo, (?) 30. Page 61 : (Two first lines crossed out "Comrade Roman Works (at) Karl Marx Technical Library") Radio Factory "Communar" Experimental Shop 3^29-56 THE ASS. PR. (13 Narodnaya Ul. Moscow) 726430 Unit PR. with Mosby Commission Exhibit 18 —Continued 60 — — v.- - Leo Se^uaev/. ,! ' 9m ^ /^.6 /g ^^H^H Page 68: Lev Setyaev-Radio Moscow Lev Setyaev Leo Setyaev V 3-65-88 (work) Novo-Peschanaya 23/7 Apt. 65 Skrylev, Elsa and Gri Ul. Cherkogo, House 13 Apt. 1 (at the wedding) Nov. 6 Rimma (Translator's Note: woman's name) Commission Exhibit 18 —Continued 61 Page 69: Ina Takhagoeva (?) (woman's name) House 4, Apt. 19, in Minsk Minsk Leningradskaya House 1, Apt. 1 Ernst Titovets (man's name) Commission Exhibit 18 — Continued 62 Page 73: Ministry of Finances of the USSR Ul. Kuybysheva, 9 792 Commission Exhibit 18—Continued 63 JlWit^ (>) /Qkxi2^c-'<=> % —Continued Commission Exhibit 18 64 Page 81: Rimma Sherakava (Shirokova) (woman's name) "Intourist" Moscow Sherakov 2-05-75 (man's name) Shirokova, Rimma S. Ul. Korova Main Post OflBce General Delivery Commission Exhibit 18 —Continued 65 ^^^^^^^^Bi Li^'^- y. 17 J 7 J/i^^i<^ ^^4^1 n, Commission Exhibit 18 —Continued 67 r i ' i/i' 9Mfe,<^^^:^2=22^2^ ^•^-^^ #;^ n •Afta-nii-H% 32./t)A -;asu ?iif-^^ ^^'^ iSear flyleaf 1: Stanislav Shushkevich —Teachers Aleksandr Rudenchek (or Rubenchek) P. Vorosholov (?) — Teachers Protilimsky (?) Khill Dit (?) near movie theater "Fobeda" (Possibly meaning "near the Pobeda movie theater") Rosa (woman's name) House 130 Apt. 8 Karla Oginkneta (Liebknecht ?) Street (?) Sweat shirt 48 — Elis Lida 32109 (woman's name and phone number) Maria 3-38-53 (woman's name and phone number), Apt. 20 House (sic) Commission Exhibit 18 —Ck)ntinued 68 4Wr^ /-I id ^' Apt. 403.p liesa 5 p. ^-xS^I^; ytSv«i*us^ ' p ^ Commission Exhibit 18—Continued — Continued Commission Exhibit 18 70 (MaAss> or THE umti/H or soviCT (ocialist nipuak-ic* h. Commission Exhibit 19 Commission Exhibit 20 71 '--»:..',.-'.;;; gy.i-j'"-'-..'.-f.''/ ^.'e.'^-. DIPLOMA Zh No. 732648 Nikolaevna, certifying that This Diploma was issued to citizen Prusakova, Marina School of the Ministry of Public she enrolled at the Leningrad Pharmaceutical completed the full Health of the RSF8R, on 19— (year not filled out) and in 1959 course of the above-named School, in Pharmaceutical specialty. Examining Commission, of June 29, 1959, Prusakova, By a decision of the State M N was awarded the qualification of a Pharmacist. Chairman of the State Examining Commission /s/ I. Agalaya (?) Director: (signature illegible) Secretary /s/ N. Koshenek ( ?) : Leningrad, June 30, 1959. Registration No. 32 , rvr, *• „i RSFSR, Leningrad Pharmaceutical . (Seal of the Ministry of Public Health of the School.) Commission Exhibit 20 —Continued 72 Union membership booklet of Marina Nikolaevna Prusakova (5 photographs) Cover of the booklet: Proletariat of all countries unite ! TRADE-UNION CARD VTsSPS (All-Russian Central Council of Trade Unions) Commission Exhibit 21 536 0-64 vol. XVI 7 73 ^ ) ) ;jPO(t>ECCk!OHA/lbHblE ' C0>03bl CCCP nP0(t>C0H)3HblM BHflET 117282 M., O ripo^ieccHfl — Ton. BcryiuieHMH b comb HaHMeHOMHHe oprani Left page: ( Seal with a picture TRADE-UNIONS OF THE USSR of Lenin in the center TRADE-UNION CARD No. 3517282 Trade-Union of Medical Workers Surname Prusakova Name and Patronymic Marina Nikol(Aevna) Year of birth i940 (sic) Profession Student Year joined the union iS56 (sic) Name of organization issuing the card (Seal of the Medical Workers Union) Chairman of the Committee (signature illegible) Photo of Marina Prusakova. (Part of her signature is visible from un- der the photo). Right page: (This page and the next 9 pages of the booklet are each divided into twelve spaces, one for each month, with a space at the top to indicate the year. This page is marked "1959" on top. Stamps pasted in spaces for June and July show that membership dues were paid for these months as follows 1 ruble for June and 50 kopecks for July. : Commission Exhibit 21 —Continued 74 : i 1 9 4tt> AnpeJb HHsapb 4>c*Bpa;ib Mapt Anpeab i-'i I- I H.O.Ib Aoryc Ma ft MiDHb Miojib Aaryci P l| '1. ! 2M n -j^ap*-?!. : 2p>s 2pyfi t CeiiTii6pb OicDiGpb HcniOpfa AeKaOpb CeHTaOpb OKrsi^b H(Hi6pb AcKaCpb This page is marked "1960" and h^s the following stamps for payment of member- ship dues pasted in January 2 rubles : February 2 rubles : March 2 rubles : April 2 rubles : May 2 rubles : June 2 rubles : July 2 rubles : August 2 rubles : No stamps are pasted in for September, October, November, or December of 1960. Right page: This page is marked "1961" but is not filled in. Commission Exhibit 21 —Continued 75 OTMETHN nPMEIIE KA YHET nn |<(|T N CMUWl C |R|£^ ^ ^ C^t^^X-tf" ^^!^^^SS&i Left page: Unused. iJii/fe* page: RECORD OF REGISTRATION AND CANCELLATION OF REGISTRATION Date Name of trade-union organization reg- Signature and stamp istering and taking off the register 5/25 LFU (Leningrad Pharmaceutical Stamp of the Medical Workers School) Union and illegible signature. 6/26 To be taken off Same stamp and illegible signature. Commission Exhibit 21 —Continued 76 9 imK u mr i tmm e rsik iHn Right upper corner, written by liand : ''OSWALD" Upper left : State Emblem of the USSR WORK BOOK (This is repeated in Belorussian) Commission Exhibit 22 78 : TpyjioBaji KHM)KKa CL_ Oopa-OBai' . lUHoe,. o^Wifee,._ abicmee ClOa'ICpKH, npo{}>ecciia i^:.i^i^!^grrWC2>i^.^,.^^' » Uodrmcb sAafffAitii '•T^gdoeod kiiuxku ii iliia aanoaiicHMH /.^ Inside page WORK BOOK Surname Prusakova : Name Marina Patronymic Nikolaevna Year of birth 19J,1 Education : elementary, secondary, higher (underline) Profession Pharmacist Signature of the owner of the Work Book Prusakova Date the Work Book was filled out S/12, 1960. Commission Exhibit 22 —Continued 79 : Two inside pages WORK RECORD No. of A booklet entitled "DRAFT REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE, Ministrj- of Defense of the USSR. 1957." Commission Exhibit 23 81 : 3. OTMCTva BOEHHb!^^ BMJ1ET o ntcropHM 3aiuc- (nponnci»io) KaieropHH CepHH 5JI 56012a >k BoeHHo-yitT- /i(^i^ 5. HOCTH 6. HlMMCHOUHHe ^Qpi^yUAu:Lje€ ;< '} 7. HaiuieaoauiHC jKxjnKHOcmoA t,CCO C^f 4i ^^-^ 8. BOMKKM SMWIC pj^^^oy. Back of flyleaf DRAFT REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE Series BL No. 560123 Surname Oswald (name "Pnisakova" is crossed out) Name and Patronymic Marina Nikolaerna Year of birth 1941 Issued by The Frunze District Military Commissariat (city of Minsk) October (f) 2S, 1959 District Military Commander (Mikulsky) Photograph of Seal of the Frunze District Military Marina Oswald Commissariat and an illegible signature. Page 1: 1. Military Draft Information 1. Year of birth 19^1 2. Note on draft category Reserve of the Second (to be written in words) category 3. Draft group SA 4. Personnel Sergeants (sic) 5. No. of military draft occupational specialty 122 v 6. Name of military draft occupational specialty Pharmacists 7. Name of occupational qualification Pharmacist 8. Military rank Private Commission Exhibit 23 —Continued 82 ' ) it. 06iUHe CBeaeHHSi 16. TpaMOTHOCTb M o6pa30BaHHe ;*, ::l1 ll.HocTb tp^&/tuL<^a^ c^y" I (yxaasTb leaKoe ^cftuoe Mmmkhc f lUplltfiMOCTk a) KaMj. B HA. K!K.i j ^ 6> M;ieH K1U;C H HOrxa OKOHMMJI, 1 tCAm HCnOAHOCTblO, (VKajdTi. c KaKutu TO iioAMCO KxaCCOB HJIU KypCOB) C/ (!o<-IOHT 4H U 1^ BJIKCM H c KaKoro Meciua H loaa 13. HauMCHaJihiiocTk 13. PoXHnfi us. 14 3HaHHe MHovrpaiitiMX s:\uv.ob 17. MecTO po>KAeHHs ^, j>*yCCCvCL^ \ P860HHfl, C^ymaiUHA. Kp«CTb>IHHH- (yKisaA o6Jiai.lKHV CH.I. I Bi'VTpii'HM'* H"t4'H. 't'it..liHli« !8. llrHSBaw KMM BnCviKOMaiuM \i\- ii;MH H Uj^ 'i^v Th tl.lH U J.'tU.il) mtttf>tHH» pocra, ro;iOBhi. crynHH f MHTHMeipax H«M yC^OBHUX HOMCpaX ( pIlCTOBKaX) ; OKuy«Hoiib HaiMep PaJMep P " "^ > I ro^ioBu npiiTHHoraia | o(iy»M lU \ p ; X ^^ j»a-^' .if-^. "^''^ ' ' >Ta!,! i^T ' Pafire ^; III. Information on Passing Through Draft for Active Service 18. Drafted (bj' which military commissariat, in what oblast (region) and when) Found fit for (indicate degree of fitness for military service) and attached to (indicate which unit or reserve) Measurements of height, head, foot in centimeters or in prearranged numbers (rostovkas) (sic) Height mmm 20. OnpeaeaeHHe KOMaHAOBSHHB qacTH o VI. CeeAeHHSi 06 ynacTHH b Be;iHKOfl Ore- B03MO»aMMJiMi) mm Page 8: 20. Determination of the Unit Command on Possible Utilization in War Time M.P. (?) (Signature: rank, surname) 19_ V. Swearing of Military Oath 21. Took military : I 23. Hweer .im paHemm h KOHrysHM 24. MMeer hk npsBHTejibCTBCHHue itarpaAU. H KaKHC He U 10 11 Page 10: Xo printing or entries on this page. Page 11 23.Wounds or contusions None 24. Government awards : If any, State Whicli yone Commission Exhibit 23 —Continued 86 VII. AonoJiHHTe^bHue CBeAeHHii VIII.KpaTKHC CBeAeHHR O npOX0MKHocTHyio KBa.*H(tiHKauHio) Bye J* M. n. (noanHCb: asaHHe. ({laMM.iMii) ripouioi B 19 roay AHCBKbifl c6op no A0;i)KN0CTH0K KBavlH4lHKaLlHH (yicaiaTb io.iMH4Hi) ripouiea B 19 — — roav no ilO;i)KIIOCTHOfi KBaaHl|)HKaUHH AHCBHbifi c6op (yxasaTb lOJiiKHOCTHyio KB«.«H4iHKaaHin) BVC J« M. n. (HojinHCb: *BiHHe, iImmmmi) npouie-1 B 19 — roay no AO;i>KHOCTHOft KBajIH(t>HKaUHM — flHCBMbift c6op (yKMJTb J10X)KHOCtHyiO KBaXH(t>HXaUHIO) BVC Ni M. n. (riojinHcb; aiaHHi!, 14 15 Page 15: IX. Information of Medical Examinations 27. (No written entries appear on this page.) Commission Exhibit 23 —Continued 88 t, \ 1 1 1- K f ! t i : XII. OcoCue omeTKN XI. OTMeTKH O OpHSblBaX npR IIO«MJIM3«- lUlM HJIN BO BpeHH BOAhU BuSaao uoiaftA- MoOnpe lOKcaHHe nwoaiie o Bpmwi- jay ife i». L^ P**""- .jg^ flojiniick. ^5 k. 23 22 i Pages 18-21: The same headings ("Registered" and "Removed from register") appear on these two pages, but they are not filled in. Page 22: XI. Notations on Drafts During Mobilization or During War This page is left blank. Page 23 XII. Special Notations Stamp: "Mobilization Order issued on Stamp: "Mobilization Order Withdrawn attaching to Command 8/4/61 y^o. 48062 Signature (illegible)" 7/28/1961 Signature (illegible)" Commission Exhibit 23 —Continued ; ; : ; XUI. npaBKfla ynera ,?.1H EOetHOoC:!.: i':MX rJoeiiHOo6)i3.iiiinji4 .io-ukch; .;) cocTOHTb Ha bohhckom yqete no Mccrx •/liHTe.ibCTBa: rojKcve b b aoeinij-' — KOMHCcapHare, b ce.ibCKoii .mccthoctii. a TaK*e d ropo;.e, rje iier Doeimon) KOMiiccapHaia, a — Boeiiiio-yieTiffM CTO.ie iipti iiciio.iKOMe MCCTHoro Cpbct.'. .iCiiVTaTOB TpyaHimixca; 6) 6epe>KHO xpaHHTb cooft BoeiiiiMii (Jinoi If Bceraa iiMeib eio npw ceCe. fioeHHHft 5ll.ieT MOIKCT 6Nrb C4.1:: , llObirilSI B BOfiCKOBVIO 'laCTb H^)\ ii|i(,\o/K4eHHH cfiopoB lUTafiv "lacTii; fi) no ipeCoBaHHK) Boemioro KOMHCcapiMTa, ivt'iiiio-yieTnoro cTO.ia, cyje6Hux ii c;ie;icTBeHHhJX opraHoa; b) b lopoaax - flOMoynpaB.ieHiiio a.iH iipMCMa Ha yiei (ojHOBpeMenHO co nacnopra ,i.ih nponiiCKH) h j-ih c.ia'tefl CHHTHH c yMcra. Kposie vKasaHHUx nuiue opraiiOB H ;iHU hiikto hc iiMeeT npaaa OTCnpaTb BoeHHhjii 6H.ieT. 25 24 iiMMi fin mi^ Page 24: This page contains no printing or writing. Pages 25, 26, 21 and 28: XIII. Rules, for Registration of Reservists 1. A reservist should : (a) Secure military registration at his place of residence: in a city at a military — commissariat in a rural locality, as well as in a city which does not have military ; — commissariat at the military registration section of the local Council of Workers' Deputies (b) Carefully preserve his Draft Registration Certificate and always have it on his person. 2. Draft Registration Certificate can be surrendered on a written receipt — (a) Upon arrival at the military unit for training at the headquarters of the unit (b) On demand of a military commissariat, military registration section, court or investigative organs (c) In cities — to a house management for registration (at the same time as the passport is surrendered for registration) and for removal from registration. No one else has the right to take away one's Draft Registration Certificate, except organs and persons indicated above. —Continued Commission Exhibit 23 91 mmm Poeiin04,6« laMiii.ri! i:f. 3. npH nepcMCHe nocTosHHoro necTOHtHTCjib HO!-j OH.lCTa B BOeittlOM ,M CTsa (h;ih spcMeHHo Ha cpoK cBuiue noc.ie VBuifaHeiiiiH c aoci ik . 1,5 MecaucB, a b cjiywe6Hbie KOMaHAM- uanac m.tH noc.ie aaiitc.iiHHfl ;: . . poBKH, Ha yqe6y m wh ;ieqeHHH — Ha cpoK npoxo/K.H'HHH u';ert'.in(>i o npn imh • cBMuie Tpex tiecnueB) BoeHHOoOfiaaHHbift BCT.ub na BOMHCkim v'.er He : HonMen: aiieii i:t .iHn fipHftbiriia k » a) no npHOwTHH b ropoa h^m b paftoH Horo 11M *ine.ii,CT8a. iipyroro BoeHHoro KOMHCcapHaia b stom rijMi npcMeHiiwx Buejiax iia fpr> MC ropoae Cflaib AOMOynpaBJieHMKi 1,5 MecHUCB. a o civiKefiiiue KoMan.iM BMecTe c nacnopTOM h cBoft bochhwh poBKH, na yiefiv h ,'i.ih .if<«enn.i n. pOh OHflCT flJIH 0<|)OpMJieHH(! npHCMa Ha ,1(1 !|iex MccHueB, .iciaceii cnuCi BOHHCKHit yiei; 3T0\( TOMV yqeTilOMV (.pmin U' , t 6) npH ydhiTHH H3 ropoAa hah na reppH- n;i \ 'leie. TopHio flpyroro BoeHHoro KOMHCcapMaia ripi! mMcMemiii ijj.iMii.iiui .i ,i... mi. .,, B TOM )Ke ropofle caaib aoMoynpaBfle- 30BaHHH. napTllHHOCTH, .lO.IAHOCIII, UV. HHK) BMCCie c nacnopTOM h CBoft Boew- pafioTw ti Mtcia ucHTCibCTBa .io.iikim HbiK 6HfleT Ana chhthh c BOMHCKOro HBHTbCH tlHTHIHeBHblft CpOK B BOeHIIO- yieta; VMeTMUK opran no wecry coctohhiih hs B) no npH6bJTHH B CejlbCKyW MCCTHOCTb B yiere c bochhum 6M;ieTo.M HaoKV.MCHT.iMH. TpeXflHCBHbltt CpOK AHMHO flBHTbCS B noilTBCpWAaKJIUHMH 3T1I H3MeHeHHH. ce;ibCKHti (noceflKOBufl) cobct Ann npn- ripH no.iyieHHH ysesba- hjih liiAcioii HJITHH Ha BOHHCKHft yHtl, r) npM y6uTHH h3 ce-ibCKott mccthoctm b ,io.i>KCH rioaatb 3j|ii».ecifled time, with his Draft Commission Exhibit 23 —Continued 92 . w U' HBMTbCfl TOWHO B yCTaHOMeHMUfl Cp^ H HMeTb npM ceCe bochhuB fiMJiCT h nacifopT, a ixenu h KaHAMAaTU KflCC m B.TKCM, KpOMe TOrO, napTHftHhitt MJIH KOMCOMOAb- CKHfi 6hJICT 9. 3a yTq)io h^h yipsty "^oeHHoro 6H«eTa B peayflbTaie He6pe)KHoro xpaHCHMJi BnHQAHue noAsepraioTCJi uiTpa(})y flo IOOy6;ieii (VKaa HpeaMflHyMa BepxoB' •*' Horo CoBCTa CCCP or 30 hiojia 1940 roaa). 10. 3a HapyuieHite npaBHa yMCxa BocHHoofiji- aauHbie iioABepraidTc« uiTpa(|)y b aaMWHi^ CTpaTHBHOM nopHflKc AO 50 py6je^ noBTopHoe HapytueHHC npasMA Baeier > 33 co6oft HcnpaBMTe;ibHO-TpyAOBhie pa-^ 60Thl Ha CpOK AO OAHOrO MCCRUa haij uiTpa(j) AO 200 pyCvieit. HajiaracMhie a cyAcCHOM nopflAKC (VKaa npeaHAHywa i BepxoBHoro Coaera CCCP or 30 h 1940 roAa). MHtaa MOCiraCMI TWI. MM. B. M. MOJOTOM r0381K«j Registration Certificate and passport, and in addition, a Party or Komsomol card if member or candidate of the CPSU or the Komsomol. 9. Reservist is subject to a fine up to 100 rubles for a loss of his Draft Registration Certificate by reason of carelessness (Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, of July 30, 1940) 10. For a violation of the rules of registration, reservists are subject to a fine in an administrative order up to 50 rubles. A repetition of the violation of the rules results in a correctional labor sentence up to one month or a fine up to 200 rubles, imposed by a court order (Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, of July 30, 1940). Read by Prusakova (signature of the owner of the Certificate) : Page 29: For Explanation of Corrections Introduced in Draft Registration Certificate Correction of the surname to "Oswald" is to be believed, on the basis of Passport Series XXXII-NU, No. 533420 issued by the Frunze— ( illegible ) Militia, July 6, 1961. Seal of the Frunze Regional Military Commissariat. —Military Commissar —Colonel (written signature illegible) (printed signature) : Mikulinsky( ?) Commission Exhibit 23 —Continued 93 ! Historic Diary. 30 From Oct. 16 1959 Arrival - Leaveing 1959 1st Page Oct. 16. Arrive from Helsinki by train am met by Intourest Repre. and ; in car to Hotel "Berlin". Reges. as. "studet" 5 day Lux. tourist. Ticket.) Meet my Intorist guied Rimma Sherikova I explain to her I wish to appli. for Rus. citizenship. She is flabberj^'assed, but aggrees to help. She checks with her boss, main oflSce Intour than helps me add. a letter to Sup. Sovit ; asking for citizenship, mean while boss telephons passport & visa oflSce and notifies them about me. Oct. 17 - Rimma meets me for Intourist sighseeing says we must contin. with this although I am too nevous she is "sure" I'll have an anserwer. soon. Asks me about myself and my reasons for doing this I explaine I am a communist, ect. She is politly sym. but uneasy now. She tries to be a friend to me. she feels sorry for me I am someth. new. Sun Oct. 18. My 20th birthday, we visit exhib. in morning and in the after noon The Lenin-Stalin tomb. She gives me a present Book "Ideot" by Dostoevski. Oct. 19 Tourism. Am anxious since my visa is good for five days only and still no word from auth. about my reqest. Oct. 20. Rimmer in the afternoon says Intourist was notified by the pass & visa dept. that they want to see me I am excited greatly by this news. Oct. 21. (mor) Meeting with single offial. Balding stout, black suit fairly, good English, askes what do I want?, I say Sovite citizenship, he ask why I give vauge answers about "Great Soviet Union" He tells me "USSR only great in Literature wants me to go back home" I am stunned I reiterate, he says he shall check and let me know weather my visa will be (extended it exipiers today) Eve. 6.00 Recive word from police oflicial. I must leave country tonight at. K.OO I*.M. as visa expirs. I am shocked ! My dreams ! I retire to my room. I have .$100. left. I have waited for 2 year to be accepted. My fondes dreams are shattered because of a i>etty oflBal because ; of bad planning I plaimed to much ! 7.00 P.M. I decide to end it. Soak rist in cold water to numb the pain. Than slash my left wrist. Than plaug wrist into bathtub of hot water. I think "when Rimma comes at 8. to find me dead it wil be a great shock, somewhere, a violin plays, as I Commission Exhibit 24 94 • 4< '•»./'^?« —r 'T-W^*. for;/- ,^ ^, y. ,*.*>***. ^>r »^-,< t:'-*'^i. y^^ ^.'^ »— #J»*#-.-.^ '«• rj,/ f TA.¥^e, ***-^ *'»< fr«/ '^•i '-rt^n*.^ ,rtit.^ti ifr^ /l/:.^ '•i'tma *Js,^>J * Af««fc,X^^^ £j*m^ja^ *rrtf *r5 /!>* *«-»^ 4rf»^7 J© '-f.v. , .y^^f ^..>*/ *^.^>-ii. "StS^ti •r'::j^ 31 DIARY 2ind page Oct. 21 (con.) wacth my life whirl away. I think to myself, "how easy : to die" and "a sweet death, (to violins) ahout 8.00 Rimma finds my un- concious (bathtub water a rich red color) she screams (I remember that) and nins for help. Amulance comes, am taken to hospital where five stitches are put in my wrist. Poor Rimmea stays by my side as interrpator (ray Russian is still very bad) far into the night, I tell her "go home" (my mood is bad) but she stays, she is "my friend" She has a strong will only at this moment I notice she is preety Oct. 22. Hospital I am in a small room with about 12 others (sick persons.) 2 ordalies and a nurse the room is very drab as well as the breakfast. Only after prolonged (2 hours) observation of the other pat. do I relize I am in the Insanity ward. This relization disquits me. Later in afternoon I am visited by Rimma, .she comes in with two doctors, as interr she must ask me medical question Did you know what you were doing? Ans. yes Did ; you blackout? No. ect. I than comp. about poor food the doctors laugh app. this is a good sign Later they leave, I am alone with Rimma (amonst the mentaly ill) she encourgest me and scolds me she says she will help me me get trasfered to another section of Hos. (not for insane) where food is good. Oct. Transfered to ordinary ward, 23. (airy, good food.) but nurses suspious of me.) they know). Afternoon. I am visited by Rosa Agafonova tourist ofiice of the hotel,/ who askes aboutmy health, very beauitiful, excelant Eng., very merry and kind, she makes me very glad to be alive. Later Rimma vists Oct. 24 Hospital routine, Rimma visits me in afternoon Oct. 25. Oct. 26 An elderly American at the hospital grow suspious about me for some reason, because at Embas.sy I told him I had not registered as most tourist and I am in general evasive about my presence in Moscow and at Afternoon hospital. Rimma visits. Oct. 2? Stiches are taken out by doctor with "dull" scisor Mo Wed Oct. 28 Leave hospital in intorist car. with Rimma for Hotel "Berlin" later I change hotels to "MetroiK)le" all cloths packed, andmoney from my room (to the last koix?ek) returned as well as watch, ring. Ludmilla Dimitrova (Intorist ofiice head) and Rosa invite me to come and sit and take with them any time. I get lonesome at new hotel. They feel sorry for me. Commission Exhibit 24— Continued 95 •*/^ <«£.:-, *'^^<**l n.,»A ^-"f '^"''', 0r ^» ^ AJ-**** "^ „ /»«/ '••-' ""^ '^^"' '"*, , J- Hrj.,, /,> „. ,r *-" '•<*>' •v'l'f*' ^*"^ »>-*>•«»< J • At- .^^.*'*-*v Cii***^»-*», J^ »*Mff ;^/ c*>- -f* ^ ' ,^,- T <»r, f-r -y /»<*<.-•», ,«<> !-.*. ^•^ 32 DIARY Srd page Oct. 28(con.) Rimma notifies me that, pass & registration oflBce whshes to see me about my future. Later Rimma and car pick me up and we enter the oflicies to find four oflSals waiting for me (all unknown to me) They ask How my arm is, I say O.K., They ask "Do you want to go to your home- land. I say no I want Sovite citizen I say I want to reside in the Soviet Union. They say they will see about that. Than they ask me about the lone offial with whom I spoke in the first place (appar. he did not pass along my request at all but thought to simply get rid of me by not extending my Soviet visa. At the time I requested it) I desqribe him (they make notes) (what papers do you have to show who and what you are? I give them my dischare papers from the Marine Corps. They say wait for our ans. I ask how long? Not soon. Later Rimma comes to check on me. I feel insulted and insult her. Oct. 29. Hotel Room 214 Metropole Hotel. I wait. I worry I eat once, stay next to phone worry I keep fully dressed Oct. 30. Hotel Room I have been in hotel three days, if seems like three years I must have some sort of a showdown ! Oct. 31. I make my dision. Getting passport at 12"00 I meet and talk with Rimma for a few minutes she says stay in your room and eat well, : -I don't tell her about what I intend to do since I know she would not approve. See: After she leaves I wait a few minutes and than I catch a taxi, "American Oct Embassy" I say. 12"30, I arrive American Embassy, I walk in and say to 31st _the receptionist 'I would like to see the Consular" she points at a large lager I and. says "If you are a tourist please register". I take out my American N passport and lay it in the desk, I have come to dissolve my American citizen- t ship. I saymatter-of-factly she rises and enters the oflBce of Richard Snyder e American Head Consular in Moscow at that time. He invites me to sit r down. He finishes a letter he is typing and than ask what he can do for me. V I tell him I luive dicided to take Soviet citizenship and would like to leagly i dissolve my U.S. citizenship. His assitant (now Head Consular) McVickers e looks up from his work. Snyder eaye- takes down personall Information, w ask questions Commission Exhibit 24 —Continued 96 fy*"^*' bwvx««<''c«' '-I*- ** >-'" >">•' •-'"^ CiZ;/ ^v '''• ^^ "' '"*''' '""'"• "'^'^ 1^^;- -:-- ;-v-. ^'—.n/;^ — -J 33 1959 His. Diary Page 4 Sat. Oct 31. (con) warnes me not to take any steps before the Soviets except me, says I am a "•fool", and says the dissolution papers are along time in preparing (In other words refuses to allow me at that time to dissolve U.S. citiz. I state "my mind is make up" From this day forward I consider myself no citizen of the U.S.A. I spend 40 minutes at the Embassy before Snyder says 'now unless you wish to expound on your maxist belifes you can go." I wish to dissolve U.S. citiz, not today he says in effect. I leave Embassy, elated at this showdown, returning to my hotel I feel now my enorgies are not spent in vain. I'm sure Russians will except me after this sign of my faith in them. 2 :00 a knock, a reporter by the name of Goldstene wants an interview I'm flabbergassed "how did you find out? The Embassy called us." He said. I send him away I sit and relize this is one way to Itring pressure on me. By notifing my relations in U.S. through the news- papers. Atthough they would say "ifs for the public record." A half hour later another reporter Miss Mosby comes. I ansewer a few quick questions after refusing an interviwe. I am surprised at the interest. I get phone calls from "Time" at night a phone call from the States I refuse all calles without finding out who's it from. I feel non-deplused because of the atten- tion 10 :00 I retire. Nov. 1 - more reporters, 3 phone calls from brother & mother, now I feel slightly axzillarated, not so lonly. Nov -2-15 Days of utter loneliness I refuse all reports phone calls I remaine in my room, I am racked with dsyentary. ggg. Nov 15 - I decide to give an inteniew, I have Miss Mosbys card so I call her. ^^^^ drives right over. I give my story, allow pictures, later story is dis- Nov <^<>rted, sent without my perrmission, that is before I ever saw and O.K.'ed 15th : _her story.Again I feel slightly better because of the attention I Nov. 16. A Russian official comes to my room askes how I am. Notifies me n I can remain in USSR till some solution in found with what to do with me, t it is comforting news for me. e r V i w Commission Exhibit 24 —Continued 97 34 Diary Page 5 Nov 17 - Dec. 30 have bought myself two self-teaching Russian Lan. Books I I force myself to study 8 hours a day I sit in my room and read and memorize words. All meals I take in my room. Rimmea arranged that. It is vei-y cold on the streets so I rarley go outside at all for this month and a-half I see no one si^eak to no-one accept every-now-and-than Rimmea, who calls the ministry about me. Have they forgotten?, During December I paid no money to the hotel, but Rimmer told Hotel I was expecting alot of money from USA. I have $28. left. This month I was called to the passport office and met 3 new offials who asked me the same questions I ans. a month before. They appear not to know me at all. Dec 31. New Yearseve, I spend in the company of Rosa Agafoneva at the Hotel Berlin, she has the duty. I sit with her untill past mignight, she gives me a small "Boratin," clown, for a New Years present She is very nice I found out only recently she is married, has small son who was born crippled, that is why she is so strangly tender and eompeling. Jan 1-4 No change in routine Jan 4. I am called to passport office and flnilly given a Soviet document not the soviet citizenship as I so wanted, only a Residence document, not even for foringners but a paper called "for those without citizenship." Still I am happy. The offial says they only are sending me to the city of "Minsk" I ask "is that in Siberia? He / laughes. he also tells me that they have arranged for me to recive some money though the Red Cross, to pay my hotel bills and exi»ensis. I thank the gentelmen and leave later in the afternoon I see Rimma "she asks are you happy" "yes" Jan. 5. I go to Red Cross in Moscow for money with Interrupter (a new one) I recive 5000. rubles a huge sum Later in Mink I am to earn 70 rubles a month at the factory. ! ! Jan. 7. Moscow by train for Minsk, Belorussia. My hotel bill was 2200, rubles I leave and the train ticket to Minsk 150. rubles so I have alot of money & hope. I wrote my brother & mother letters in which I said "'I do not wish to every contact you again." I am begining anew life and I don't want any part of the old". Commission Exhibit 24 —Continued 98 35. Diary Minsk. Page 6 Jan 7. Arrive in Minsk, met by 2 women Red Cross workers We go to Hotel "Minsk" I take room, and meet Rosa and Stellina two persons from intourist in liotel who speak Englisli Stellina is in 40's nice married young child, Rosa about 23 blond attractive unmarried Excellant English, we attract each other at once. Jan 8. I meet the city mayor, comrade Shrapof. who welcomes me to Minsk promisis a rent-free apartment "soon" and warns me about "uncultured persons" who somethimes insuit foriengers. My interputer Roman Detkof. Head For. Tech Instit. next door. : Jan. 10. The day to myself I walk through city, very nice. Jan. 11 I vist Minsk radio factory where I shall work. There I meet Argentinian Immigrant Alexander Zeger Bom a Polish Jew. Imani to Argen. in 1938 and back to Polish homeland (now part of Belo.) in 1955 speaks English with Amer. accent he worked for Amer. com. in Argen. He is Head of a Dept. a quialified Engenier, in late 40's mild mannered likable He seems to want to tell me somet. I show him my tempor. docu. and say soon I shall have Russ. citiz. Jan. 13-16 I work as a "checker" metal worker, pay 700 rubles a month, work very : easy, I am learning Russian quickly Now, Everyone is very freindly and kind. I meet many young Russian workers my own age they have varied personatities all wish to know about me even offer to hold a mass meeting so I can say. I refuse politly. At night I take Rosa to the thearter, movie or operor almost every day I'm living big and am very satisfied. I recive a check from the Red Cross every 5th of the month "to help." The check is 700 rubles. Therefore every month I make 1400. R. about the same as the Director of the factory ! Zeger observes me during this time I don't like: picture of Lenin which watchs frome its place of honour and phy. training at ll.-ll.lO each morning (complusery). for all. (shades of H. G. Wells!!) March 16. I recive a small flat one-room kicten-bath near the factory (8 min. walk) with splendid view from 2 balconies of the river, almost rent free (60. rub. a mon.) it is a Russians dream. March 17 - April 31 - work, I have lost contact with Rosa after my house moving. I meet Pavil Golovacha. A yonuge man my age friendly very intelligent a exalant ra- dio techniction his father is Gen. Golovacha Commander of North westenr Siberia. Twice hero of USSR in W.W. 2. Commission Exhibit 24 —Continued 99 *> *•" -—'- '',', ~~j ^'^.r^ '"'"^t^rmm '«' 29 Diary Page 7 May 1 - May Day came as my first holiday all factories Ect. closed after sptacular mili- tary parade all workers parad past reviewing stand waving flags and picutres of Mr. K. ect. I follow the Amer. custom of marking a Holiday by sleeping in in the morning. At night I visit with the Zegers daughters at an party throw by them about 40 people came many of Argentine origen we dance and play around and drink until 2 am. when party breaks up. Leonara Zeger oldest dau. 26 formally married, now divorced, a talanted singer. Anita Zeger 20 very gay, not so attractive but we hit it off. H^r Boy-friend Alferd is a Hungarian chap, silent and brooding, not at all like Anita. Zeber advises me to go back to U. S. A. its the first voice of oppossition I have heard. I respect Zeger, he has seen the world. He says many things, and relats manj^ things I do not know about the U. S. S. R. I begin to feel uneasy inside, its true! June-July Summer months of green beauty, pine forest very deep. I enjoy many Sundays in the enviorments of Minsk, with the Zegers who have a car "mos.vick" Alfred always goes along with Anita, Leonara seems to have no permanet Boy-friend, but many admirirs. She has a beautiful Spanish figure, long black hair, like Anita. I never pay much atten. to her shes too old for me she seemes to dislike my lack of at- tention for some reason. She is high strung. I have become habituatated to a small cafe which is where I dine in the evening the food is generally poor and always eactly the same, menue in any cafe, at any point in the city. The food is cheap and I dont really care about quiality after three years in the U.S.M. C. Aug-Sept As my Russian improves I become increasingly concious of just what sort of a sociaty I live in. Mass gymnastics, compulsary after work meeting, usually po- litical information meeting. Complusary attendance at lectures and the sending of the entire shop collective (except me) to pick potatoes on a Sunday, at a State col- letive farm. A "patroict duty" to bring in the harvest. The opions of the workers (unvoiced) are that its a great pain in the neck. They don't seem to be esspieialy enthusiastic about any of the "collective" duties a natural feeling. I am increasingly aware of the presence, in all thing, of Lebizen, shop party secretary, fat, fortyish, and jovial on the outside. He is a no-nonsense party regular. Commission Exhibit 24 — Continued 100 ! jT// -^^ 4/*' *-.*A.*-»i' ftf*/ ^1^^ f,t€^i ^£^U^ WZ' /** />-i"'- •>'~* .•."^t^^. '^ .»• -^""•' — .«w . _ ejbw y,«»»*T>- /•*;'>> /W* <• "'''••»'^"Wit,/''^«r.»>«^)j,,,j^ |t;»» Jl»,i/ »„i,.- rf fuJW. -i^- ^-i-itiU/jBtf 28 Diary Page 8 Oct. The coming of Fall, my dread of a new Russian winter, are mellowed in splendid golds and reds of fall in Relorussia plums iieachs appricots and cherrys abound for these last fall weeks I am a healthy brown color and stuffed with fresh fruit, (at other times of the year unobtainable) Oct. 18 my 21st birthday see's Rosa, Pavil, Ella at a small party at my place Ella a very attractive Russian Jew I have been going walking with lately, works at the radio factory also. Rosa and Ella are jelous of each other it brings a warm feeling to me. Roth are at my place for the first time. Ella and Pavil both give ash-tray's (I don't smoke) we have a laugh. Nov. Finds the approach of winter now. A growing lonliness overtakes me in spite of my conquest of Ennatachina a girl from Riga, studying at the music conservorie in Minsk, ft nd ohort After an affair which last a few weeks we part. Nov 15 in Nov. I make the acquaintaces of four girls rooming at the For. Ian. domi- tory in room 212. Nell is very interesting, so is Tomka, Tomis and Alia. I usually go to the institute domatory with a friend of mine who speaks english very well. Eraich Titov is in the forth year at the medical institute. Very bright fellow At the doma- tory we 6 sit and talk for hours in Ruooian english Dec 1 I am having a light affair with Nell Korobka. Jan 1 New Years I spend at home of Ella Germain. I think I'm in love with her. She has refused my more dishonourable advanis, we drink and eat in the presenec of her family in a very hospitable atmosfere. Later I go home drunk and happy. Passing the river homeward, I decide to propose to Ella. Jan. 2. After a pleasent handin-hand walk to the local cinima we come home, standing on the doorstep I propose's She hesitates than refuses, my love is real but she has none for me. Her reason besides lack of love; I am american and someday might be ar- rested simply because of that example PolLsh Inlervention in the 20's. led to arrest of all people in the Soviet Union of polish oregen "you understand the world situation there is too much against you and you don't even know it" I am stunned she snickers at my awkamess in turning to go (I am too stunned too think I realize she was ! ) never serious with me but only exploited my being an american, in order to get the envy of the other girls who consider me different from the Russian Boys. I am misarable Commission Exhibit 24 —Continued 101 r' ^^\ Xjr' ^ To r*.,e nr.' X$^ ^..X ->i-<^ yX-p-^ '^'^^;? -^fci^^*"' etXKyitiftmy i X'**^ *^*/^ ^»^r f> ;•** *v^ « • >: # /- —^ ^^, :^?:?S: ./t "v --^ ..;r "''''.'"'',1', ^«^, .O ^.i-^"^ ^W»//y6». 7" //: •*^\^^D *r. "•'/y. .*f 25 DIARY llrd Page July 15 Aug 20. we have found out which blanks and certifikates are necessceary fw to apply - for a exit visa they number about 20 papers Birth certificates affidavite ; photos ect. On Aug 20th we give the papers out they say it will be 31/2 months before we know wheather they'll let us go or not. in the meantime Marina has had to stade 4 different meeting at the place of work held by her Boss's at the direction of "some- one" by phone. The young comm. leauge headquthers also called about her and she had to go see them for li^ hrs. The purpose (expressed) is to disaude her from going to the U.S.A., Net effect Make her more stubborn about wanting to go Marina is : pregnet, we only hope that the visas come through soon. Aug 21-Sept 1 - I make expected trips to the passport & visa office also to ministry of for. affairs in Minsk, also Min. of Interal affairs, all of which have a say in the granting of a visa. I extracked promises of quick attention to US. Sept-Oct 18. No word from Min. (They'll call us.") Marina leaves Minsk by train on vaction to the city of Khkov in the Urals to vist an aunt for 4 weeks. During this time I am lonely but I and Erich go to the dances and public places for enitanment. I ha vent done this in quite a few months now. I si)end my birthday alone at the opera watching my favoriot "Queen of Spades." I am 22 years old. Nov-2 Marina arrives back, radient, with several jars of preserses for me from her her aunt in Khkov. Nov-Dec. Now we are becoming anoid about the delay Marina is beginning to waiver about going to the US. Probably from the strain and her being pregrate, still we quarrel and so things are not to bright esp. with the approach of the hard Russian winter. Dec 25th Xmas Day Tues. Marina is called to the passport & visa office. She is told we have been granted Soviet exit visa's. She fills out the completing blank and then comes home with the news. Its great (I think!) New Years, we spend at the Zeger's at a dinner party at midnight, attended by 6 other persons. Jan. 4. I am called to the passport office since my Residenceal passport expires today, since I now have a US. passport in my possition I am given a totly new resid. pass, called, "Pass for Forin," and since they have given US perrmission to leave, and know we shall, good to July 5, 1962. Commission Exhibit 24 —Continued 104 24 DIARY Page 12 Jan 15. Feb. 15. Days of cold Russian winter. But we feel fine. Marina is supposed to liave baby on March 1st. Feb 15 - Dawn. Marina waives me. Its lier time. At 9 :00 we arrive at the hospital I leave her in care of nurses and leave to go to work. 10 :00 Marina has a baby girl. when I vist the hospital at 500 after work, I am given news. We both wanted a boy. Marina feels well, baby girl, O.K. Feb. 23 Maria leaves hospital I see June for first time. Feb. 28 want her name to be June I go to registra (as prespibed by law) the baby. I Marina Oswald. But those Beaurecrats say her middle name must be the same as my first. A Russian custom support by a law. I refuse to have her name written as "June Lee." Tliey promise to call the city ministry (city hall) and find out in this case since I do have an U.S. passport. Feb. 29. I am told that nobody knows what to do exactly, but everyone agrees "Go ahead and do it, "Po-Russki." Name June Lee. : March. The last commiques are exchangeil between myself and Embassy, letters are always arriving from my mother and brother in the U.S. I have still not told Erich who is my oldest existing aquaitance, that we are going to the State, he's o.k. but I'm afraid he is too good a young communist leage member so I'll wait till last min. March 24- Marina quits her job in the formal fashion. March 26-1 recive a letter from Immigration & Natur. service at San Antonio, Texas, that Marina has had her visa petition to the U.S. (Approved!!) The last document. Now we only have to wait for the U.S. Embassy to receive their copy of the approval so they can ofiicially give the go ahead. March 27 I recive a letter from a Mr. Philles (a employ, of my mother, pleging to support my wife in case of need. April - Commission Exhibit 24 —Continued 1-536 0-64 vol. XVI 9 105 ..**«A* <£> u^«« I have offen wondered why it is that the communist, a narchiet capitalist and even the fasist and anarchist elements in America, allways profess patrotistism toward the land and the people, if not the government although their ideftls movements must surly ; lead to the bitter destruction of all and everything. I am quite sure these people must hate not only the government but ewf the peep culture, l^-ad iti o n ft, heritage and very people itself, and yet they stand up and piously pronounce themselfs patriots, displaying their war medles, that they gained in conflicts Iftftg pftfffe between themselfs. I wonder what would happen it somebody was to stand up and say he was utterly opposed not only to the governments, but to the people, too the entire land and complete foundations of his socically. Commission Exhibit 25 106 I have heard and read of the resugent Americanism in the U.S., not the ultra- right type, but rather the polite, seemingly pointless Americanism expressed by such as the "American fore group" and the freedom foundation. and yet even in these vieled, formless, patriotic gestures, their is the obvious "axe being ground" by the fe«siftes9 with invested intrests of the sponseres of there expensive undertaking. To where can we I ihere turn? to factional" mutants of both systems, to odd-ball Hegelian idealists out of touch with reality religious groups, to revisinist flaHftgi«k-fe or too abserd anarchism. No I Commission Exhibit 25 — Continued 107 too a person knowing both systems and their factional accesories, their can be no mediation between the systems etn^ -fefeas they exist to-day and that person. He must be opposed to their basic foundations and represenatives and yet it is imature to take the sort of attitude which says "a curse on both your houses !" their are two great represenative of power in the world, simply expressed, the left and right, and their e#9pi4ftg factions and concers. any practical attempt at one alternative must have as its nuclus the triditionall idealogical best of both systems, and yet be utterly opposed to both systems. for not system can be entirely new, that is where most revolutions ge-a9*i«;y in- dustrial or political, go astray, and yet the new system must be opposed unequipily too the old that also is where revolutions go astra Commission Exhibit 25 —Continued 108 At the turn of the century in America In the emerging industrial revolution fe«^l- isH* private enterprise trumphed because it offered i% offered a new, eiBcient and promising future while still observing the ease idealistalcally democratic Ideals of i.e. its overthrown predessor, argri etri rural small enterprize. and at about the same time in tsarist Russia the arostrisy was over throw by the peasents and workers and the road laid open for the gaining of power by the bolshives because they too, offered a brigh new future without violatiating historical traditions of russian working class life. therefore in history there are many such examples of the nuclus of the new order rooted in the idealistical traditionftl of the old. horored Ate the Industrial revolution ftfts the present atomic age and yet it has developed as a intricate part of its system its owni shortcomings Commission Exhibit 25 —Continued 109 COff/t^^^^^'^^^'.''^^ ^^•^^ >^^^ -r^ ^^^^ erf ^ ^^ ^y-^ -:^^ .^^^ T^^-vC^ *«'. ^=<^ie<^ automation for instant. Automation may be compared to the nui away robot who displays so many falicites that it is obvious it is run away, rather it is the much more sutle aspects of Indus- trialization and mechncization which brings the greatest hardships upon the people a general decay of class'es into shapless sociaties without real cultural foundations, regementation, not so much of people since industrialization actively provides for more free movement of class'es around each other, but rather of ideals although those regemented ideals have more freedom of expression throughout all the class'es. Commission Exhibit 25 —Continued 110 I 6 The biggest and dccidcdin g key fault development of tfee our eara is of course the fight for markets between the imperalist powers themselfs, which lead to the wars, crises and oppressive friction which you have all come to regard as part of your lives. and it is this fee prominent factor of the capitalist system which will undoutly evenually lead to the common destruction of all the imperalistic powers ft©* se already many fasist lesser imperialist countrys have become dependent upon other factors than dominanation of eel o n itiat fofee eeieftes colonies through force, they have been devasted of their former colonies by the three great imperalist foFees countries or in some cases even given up their colinies themselfs as unprofitable and e^her many cases the oppressed peoples rose up and physically through the colonist out and this process is continuing even today as we all can see. but what is important to remember. Commission Exhibit 25 —Continued 111 Is that the old system of capitalism even within itself is revising and what is most evident, forming imperilist economic coilations, such as the common market. Commission Exhibit 25 —Continued 112 8 In the communist experamint serveal factions and unavoidable developments have emerge which Marx and Engles could not ixtssibly have foreseen their emerges with increasing clarity two monumentle mistakes which Marx and Engles made, not to mention the very key stone of Marx's economic theory ''the doctrine of surplus f»a:ft«ffte which has always been unshakey and controversal value The first mistake is fairly well known even at this stage in the communist develop- as it was called ment the "withering away of the state" ihe^ ie eea-tfaliee^ howcv e? Marx envisualized that the aboliation of class'es would lead to the gruaual reduction of state apparous. however this is not the case and is better observed than contemplated, the state rather becomes more extensitve in that while the powers of central ministrys or delagated they are not reduceded in the divideving of a oi'gan of state power into smaller units some at lower levels so althugh the minsters ef have actually disappeared to Moscow they have become more entrenced than ever at lower levels thus Commission Exhibit 25 —Continued 113 i ***»-trf-" rf^r*. r ^ JS? J25<^ <*^**'^ <:*^ -^''^••'^•^-^ 9 in dividing power you multiply units and in everyday life you become more and more Wherever you turn depent on these organs of state power, then evef f»©¥e tbft» evef feefefe you meet them and they touch the lives of the people more and more, and a new beauracracy, rather than a withering away of the state. In Russia in the last two years their has been a shift of power from the capital of Moscow to the so-called "Republics" but state apparist, simply grows into a greater maze throughout these republics, thus in minsk the capital of belorussia, the ministry of Interia became i-esponsible in 1960 for de- termining the eligibility of aplicants for hard to get exit visas too leave the USSR formaly the officiiil progrative of Moscow alone but now that this state ministry in Moscow has "withered away" it becomes all the more difficule to get an exit visa since now one has to go to the area, city and republican state Commission Exhibit 25 —Continued 114 a. «c^^ *^..<2^ -«u^j:rf» — •'^-wiiiiii—- >tP ^'"-V-^ *<><^ iJ r^ n > n » * i»» 4, ii 10 capital comniites of beaurocrats and on top of all that a last flnial O.K. has to come from increadibly the Moscow ministiy of foreign affairs the withering away of the ! ! state as Marx envisualized was a unforeseeable mistake pointed out by many critizes of Marx. The second mistake Engles and Marx made -was is much more obscure but fundelmen tally just as imiwrtant. In the late 1800's Engles wrote Vanti Diihring which rightly critized Eugen Duhring's, a german idealist who was supposably not consistent enough in his materialism for the dialectical materilist Marx. In his critical anylis of Duhring Engles said with mucb heavy sarcism that Duhring only changed a word in his putting forward of his social revolutionary ideas that a changed word "was the word community from the word state whereas Duhring wanted Social Democracy at a local or Commission Exhibit 25 —Continued 115 ri^U'!- !•-* n Ur tol**? -'^'V*^^ JKU>< M.. 11 Dear Mother community level, Marx and Engles advocated a centrilized state which would later "wither away !' But in this Marx ftR4 Engles was mistaken again. as history has shown time again the state remains and grows whereas true democracy can be practiced only at the local level, while the ete e centralized state, administrative, fe political or supervisual remains their can be no real democracy a loose confederation of communitys at a national level with out any centralized state what so ever. in equal division, with safe guards against coilation of communties there can be democracy, not in the centralized state delagating authority but in numeross equal, pf ogrca eive stetes deaa ooratua ty %fee communities practicing and developing democracy at the local level. Commission Exhibit 25 —Continued 116 11 there have allready been a few organizations who have declosed that they shall become effective only after conflict between the two world systems leaves the wefW country without defense or foundation of government, organizations such as the minute men for instance, however they i»t€ftd are preparing to simply defend the present system and reinstate its influnse after the mutual defeat of both systems melatarily which is more or less taken for granted. These armed groups will represent the remaining hard core of feninatical american capitalist suportors. There will undoutly be similar representation of this kind by communits groups in communist countrys. there will also be many decided religious segments ©f putting forward Commission Exhibit 25 —Continued 117 their own allturnitives and through larger memberships than the minute men ect. howcv ef there will allso be anarchist pacifist and quit probably fasiist gfe« splinter groups however all these unlike the minute men and communite partesin groups, will be unarmed. The mass of survivors fee wili pf obably however will, not beblong too any of these groups, they will not be fanatical enough to join extremest, and will be too dis- allusioned too support either the communits or capitalist parties in their respective countries, after the atomic eatorahf they shall seek a alturnative to those systems which have brought them misery. But their thinking and education Commission Exhibit 25 —Continued 118 r *1%t^ -r-ntl3%( M^^^.9,^^ -i- '^ 0^ 7n«>»«^ As soon as I became completely disgusted with the ¥SSft Sovit Union and started American negotitions with the ^Sr Embassy in Moscow for my return to the U.S. my "Red Cross" allotment was cut off. this was not diffical to understand since all correspondece in and out of the Embassy is censored as is common knowlege in the Embassy itself. I have never mentioned the fact of these monthly payments to anyone. I do so in order to state that I shall never sell myself intentionly, or unintentionly ftgftift to anyone again. I was supposed to recive for this I re- as for the fee of $. fuse it. I made pretense to except it only because otherwise I would have been considered a crack pot and not allowed to appear to express my views, after all who would refuse money? !? Commission Exhibit 25 —Continued 122 Vr, I «rw. r nacn<^T j|lIITJ10MaTrf*.(M9- OT ' )6uic-rpa}KAaHCK. or CoB3arp;3)!i!tfa-:-:>:ij»' Koi.ia Kpm KOMaBAI'- Nft naciiopTa r ijiana iioiia poBflH II Aari lje;!b iioe:),aK« 'laiiiic H ;iaTa , no , peiiiemiH i AHU.I. c.iyw. 4 ! oiiiaerp. wNs or I I 'till 5!in;i. i-.nyxc. uOqeirp. PlIlK'HIK- ly h« j\« or c.iy>K, ofiuitrp. pcllUillit' 19 M »immmim»m Js"? or "j>*'i C-1V>K -,-..'* •v pcHieiiin' ^ Commission Exhibit 26 —Continued 124 , A H K E T A ipa>KaaH... CCCP, xoaaTaftcTByiome... o Bueijie « rpaHiiuv no HacTHbiM fle^iaiM Li U II 1' O (. bl W B i: T b: y i X... ;.:.i... Z7, KaRi:>>t :;!ii!SSi>sr >»- > 'Ihcvio, MecHB, rofl h mccto po»viit«. (flepeBHtj, ropofl, pafloH, ofi.iacTb, pt ' ' .- / ;: ecJth poflHJiCB aa rpafinufii, crpaHy) 4. Hi]aaoua;:!.uocTi Opaite, pasaeACHik, bjiobu) IS B ^pyroM ri)a.i i:«<»K/jeH«; N .axoc Ha." I 06p;.30Baii;'.i*M tJi'-tiiilw.'" I- -^ Xi2^ pa30BaiiHK), KorAa h Vwiisiii ^TfiicH:^ ym-HOe -tB;)!!! 4HpCTpflHHu np^aaeHaA»i-h jih Bl rn. > .> rs^ K(ira,-i ii ^.^ 'it. Commission Exhibit 27 125 ; QUESTIONNAIRE Place for photo Of a Citizen of the USSR, Requesting Permission to Go Abroad on Personal Business QUESTIONS ANSWERS 1. Surname, name and patronymic Oswald, Marina Nikolaevna 2. If you ever changed your surname, Prusakova, Marina Nikolaevna before mar- name or patronymic, indicate riage. Marriage certificate No. II-PYa when, where and for what reason N332281 of April 30, 1961, Minsk, Civil Reg- istrar's Bureau, of Leninsky District. 3. Date, month, year and place of July 17, 1941, city of Molotovsk, Archangel- birth (village, city, district, re- skaya Oblast (region). gion, republic if born abroad, in- ; dicate country) 4. Nationality Russian 5. Family Status (married, divorced, Married widow) 6. had another citizenship, indi- If Had no other citizenship catewhat citizenship you had how and when you lost it when ; acquired citizenship of the USSR. 7. Class origin Employee 8. Party membership, year when None entered. No. of Party card or candidate's card 9. Are you a member of the Komso- No mol, since when and No. of card 10. If you ever were a member of No the CPSU, v^^hen and why mem- bership was cancelled 11. Have you ever been penalized by No the Party? If so, when, by whom, why, and the penalty imposed 12. Education and specialty accord- Secondary pharmaceutical training. Gradu- ing to education when and from ; ated from the Leningrad Pharmaceutical what educational institution did School in 1959. Specialty Pharmacist. : you graduate? 13. University degree of title None 14. Do you have any scientific works None or inventions? 15. What foreign languages or lan- None guages of the peoples of the USSR do you know (read and translate with a dictionary read ; and speak speak fluently ) ? ; 16. Were you ever tried in court, if No so, when and for what reason? Commission Exhibit 27 — Continued 126 U U II ! I.w.iii ,111 Bhi 11 rpaiiimtH, ijt, koi ja i'x'V, TO B KflKOM roay, r;to naiyia ni lOKyweHTM U3 BuesA <:i rpaidiuy 'CH y Bac I'oacrBe j'lrKii sa .111 PAc npo«iinaioT, r Kaxoro ic'fi, :i H leM lanifMaiOTCH (t|)aMii ...A, ..MH, or*iciuo H CTi'iietiii poflci- ',!), Koraa H n|)H KaKHx oOcTonToiu' a\ uiiK OKasa/iucb aa rpaiiHucfi ''hi H/iH BatUH 6;!H>KaiuiiHe n" B ii.TCRy ii.iH Hinepfiii- 1 OTCHN)v yieoHbix aaw-AeHH laK. KiiK oiiit iij'.us^i-u'ri n ciior npcMii, w/.-.itayio c. HCKBaXb C vKaSaHM^M .IO.I.+^iIOCTH JlOJiKHoci ••(peiRseinw, opraimsaiuiM, 1^. l<..v.;lU. >Xby4a npejtnpiisTKi!, a taksti M/oiij.nr-r.i u nnutirfor ^n';('l'l 'IBM, B KaKyn CTpany m hs . HanepeMbi WMCxaTb. Mcm ' ;, D3!!:iMor:,CB .^.l rpair.iiicf!. »5?, l,'-TH BMeSWiiCTV K pOflCTBeHllHKaM, j ;, cTcncHb poa f loMBriiHHH aipr. /. .epHii II HuMPi! rjacnopr*. Ken f Kor»ia »u • w Biiie3A^ • .«.c»w^«^ j,.<.^y^^ ;,-,>, '* i.«^ *,_ iaHu.icif<-My /iok.ym. < (no "jix^w !>. ibj"i( 1I11 . iiTpv;iim>'T npHi'ua'ji'i"" ««Mtv»i"-fl' '..>•/.'"? '/I- Hc;i!l HiVenH/IM ^aMH.TMKJ, MM" *".IP -^-^ -^pc.io, wecsn, ro;i b mccto f 7, paAoH, 06-T lb cjpaay) t All:; v.- nMifir-T^-uiJ ' 13 o n p o c b) Mte. '^u 1' rpaHHueii, ra>i, jh raa KaKOM roflv, rnc iionyid TH utieiii ta rpaiiHuy I! I i' . Uac poacTBcr.TiKH la ,l'?H,iHe iipOJKH33IOT, C K<1K'.J|fi HI II le.M jaitHMaiOTca <({;asf!! 'XH, OTtCf-THO H CTCneHb pOil iiaic oHH oicaaa^iacb Jd rpaHaueii — A* r*bi.':H Bbi ii/iii BauiK 6.iH»:aPu!iiC' leHHnxii B tijieay hjih iinTCpiiH- ;; It nepHOA OTCiecTBeHnofi boB- .*. Kfo. rae, Koraa, nph KaK. AJ buii.i< 6.'iH, -noarotant' b CCCP (cysipyr, poAnTcnM, «etn. I Oi! H M'. Ait|>t:< «<:c toiv « I pOiKJCIl.l I //-^v - ana.iwiNx yie6HNx laBeaeHHBx, fWHHvio c;iy)K6y, yiacrtie b napTH3aiicK»x OTpH^ax) . .. npM 3j(r\0JJHeiU«H flaHHoro ;K;ieHH«, oprann^anHH H npearipHaTviH Heo(5xojiHMo hmi [ jK^l^^^'^'''"^ °"" Ha?biBa, n cBoo HpeMH, BocHriyio c;iy/i<6y sanHCWBaxi. c vKaaaHneM flo^jjKHOciK _ 1 iteaJKllOCTl. r. ; (l|iOil(.n. iiapTHPiiux, cosercKHx h apyrHx BhiOopiiHi* opvaMax. 24. Kimk Hueere npesHTejibCTBeHHue nari 1 Proletariat of all countries, unite ! (State Emblem of the USSR) The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Consulate at MID (Ministry of Foreign Affairs) of the USSR RESIDENCE PERMIT (Translator's Note : Next part is in French) PASSPORT Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Consulate at Commission Exhibit 29 -536 0-64 vol. XVI 1 137 Left page: (identical text in Russian and French) INFORMATION REGARDING THE BEARER 1. Date of birth July 11, 191,1 2. Place of birth Arkhangelsk ay a Oblast 3. Family status married 4. Profession and employment 5. Last place of residence in the USSR- 6. Documents on the basis of which the present Residence Permit was issued- 7. DESCRIPTION Height i60 cm. (5' 3") Eyes Grey Nose Hair Brown Peculiarities Right page: Place for a photograph (photograph) Signature of the owner (bearer) M. Oswald Authenticity of the photograph and signature is certified. Counsul Secretary I. Val — (illegible) (Seal of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the USSR appears in two places on this page.) Commission Exhibit 29 —Continued 138 Left page: Bearer of instant Residence Permit Oswald (surname) Marina Nikolaevna (surname and patronymic) is a citizen of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, to certify which this Residence Permit is issued to the above-named citizen. Valid to January tl, 196Jf Issued January 11, 1962 No. Ku-37790 Place for Seal (Seal of the MID, USSR) Place for Consular Stamps Chief of the Consular Section of the MID, USSR (illegible signature) Secretary (left blank) Right page: Translator's Note: The same text as above in French translation appears on this page. Note that the name "Oswald" is spelled "Osvald," and the patronymic "Niko- laevna" is omitted. Signature of the consular oflScial is different, appearing to be — "I. Val ," the same as on photograph 2. Commission Exhibit 29 —Continued 139 Left page: (Printed text is both in Russian and French) Persons listed in Residence Permit Name, patronymic Age Relationship Citizenship Documents on the Remarks and surname basis of which listed June 1962 Daughter USSR (blank) (blank) Right page: Notations on Renewal Translator's Note: This page contains only printed text, in Russian and French languages. It has not been filled out. Commission Exhibit 29 —Continued 140 Inseriplions^ox 3 & /. Left page: Notes on registration with Plenipotentiary Representatives or Consulates of the USSR abroad. Daughter June, born 1962, registered in a visa No. JplOlS. Moscow, May 26, 1962 Square stamp over the above writing Exit, USSR June 2, 1962 KPP (Examining and : Clearing Post) BREST Seal on the left MID, USSR. 781. : Chief of the Consular Section of the MID, USSR /s/ Morozov Stamp on the right of the page Currency on account of passport quota issued For- : eign ( ?) Trade Bank of the USSR May 30, 1962 (signature illegible) Right page: VISAS January 11, 1962 EXIT VISA No. 471078 Citizen Oswald, Marina Nikolaevna alone Square stamp Exit, USSR June 2, 1962 KPP BREST : Valid for exit 1 {First) of December, 1962 Through the border point any Seal of the MID, USSR. 780. Chief of the Consular Section of the MID, USSR /s/ Morozov Translator's Note: Small round seal in the upper left hand corner of the page is illegible. Commission Exhibit 29 —Continued I 141 ^ Left page: INSTRUCTIONS ISSUED Embassy of the Polish People's Republic Consular Section in Moscow Transit Visa No. 70(?) 462 valid until June 10, 1962 (?) Authorizes Oswald, Marina and 01 (one) child to make a one-way trip across the territory of the Polish People's Republic to NRD (German Democratic Republic) by entering and leaving at border checkpoints (stamped) each legally permitted. The trip may last two days, (each time) Moscow, May 29, 1962 Chief of the Consular Section /s/ illegible Stanislaw Kownacki 2nd Secretary of the Embassy Translator's note: The entry and exit stamps made at border checkpoints are illegible. Right page is all in English. Commission Exhibit 29 —Continued 142 1^ ^/HC C'.C.CP, uuej>Kail K.1H nocTMiRlio npOKHBaiouii^ (iM iiiiAau'K^ AHTeabcmu, RIIAbI lid )KIITe;ibCTBO %A tCI' nan b Koic y^bCKHx oTfl t'.P, B OKpyr;iJ( KOTOpux OIIB ftyA> r B/Kc Tpcx Mecsui*B notie nnHCify»^ v JiTCIbCTBa 3a 1'p.iHinicfl |it(vii»ctb:i. 2. F'paiKAiiHC OCCP. K. poK Aowfec Tpcx Mecy. Mfi OKpyr iWH ap[ ^a 8 KoHcyjibCTdc f ;; iipt. COCTOftT Jv. loc; uu 3.-, BSHMaerc^'iL' i^ULX c6opo4. : tTponmi Left page: VISA FOR ENTRY INTO THE USSR Visa of Examining and Clearing Post There are 20 numbered pages in instant permit. (The rest is in German, translated separately.) Stamp Federal Republic of Germany Entry June 3, 1962 Helmstedt Bhf. 20 : No. 694/62 No fee Transit Visa for Osvald, Marina, for one journey through the Federal Republic of Germany (in- cluding the area of the Land Berlin). Term of the transit 2 days from the crossing of the frontier. : Mosco\/, May 29, 1962. Embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany By order of Signature: Reifendvim (?) Right page: Rules for Residence Permit (These Rules consisting of 6 paragraphs prescribe regulations governing registra- tion, change of residence, travel, extension, etc. Commission Exhibit 29 —Continued 144 Left page: blank Right page: Rectangular stamp: Presented at the Embassy of the USSR in Washington, U.S.A. September 6, 1962 Chief of the Consular Section /s/ Shapkin : Seal of the Consular Section of the Embassy of the USSR in the United States of America. Commission Exhibit 29 —Continued 145 n^ ^1 I » mim"'! TEAErpamna *qi03/!PABnfin C nPA3/lHHK0M C HAPT» ' r 'WeBOPOII'JlEriHblM KCTAS 340P0Bb« CMACTWf -B IIIH3HM"TAPyCMHA- TEAEFPAMMA MuHuctnepcmao Caiiau CCCp 1 i ! 11/1/62 Hello, Marinochka At last I found time to write to you. There simply was not any before. On top of all this, Yu}ya and Rinf/old (phon.) arrived and it put me completely in a spin. But now, everything is finally back to normal and I sat down to write you a letter. I visited your folks. I found only Tanya and Vera (your love) there. They received everything (this cost 16 rubles). However, Tanya does not know anything about the letter. Apparently, this is grandmother's work, particularly, since Vera saw how they manipulated it. Oh, well, let us forget about them. I scolded Tanyusha and left immediately, to sit down and write to you. To avoid similar incidents, write to her in my care. I gave her my coordinates. As to the customs duty, it can be paid over there, on your side. Find out more details about it. Vera is sending you her warm regards. Commission Exhibit 31 147 ,V0U _.->«"V ft/^A-'.'- 4^^'¥-*^, ^*^u$. Everything is fine with me. I think with dread about the session. The very idea gives me the creeps. Oh, well, I will make out somehow. With regard to my spirits — things are bad. I have a lit of melancholy. I do not go anywhere; I do not see anyone. I intend to have a whirl on the holiday. Please accept my holiday greetings. I wish you and your family all of the best. I still do not know where I'll go on the holiday. Somehow, it does not make any difference to me. We shall see. This is how things are with me. Marinochka that time I did not give you the address of Klimasherskaya. I wanted ; to make that lazy girl write to you. But she is still intending and gives me solemn promises every time, but, alas !Therefore, here is her address : Leningrad ul. Olginskaya 10-26 (to) Lyudka Commission Exhibit 31 — Continued 148 ^ fifi^^^ f ^^cyC'^ 00-140 o-cf*-iA^y^^<^<^o^ '--OQ/»-^»»** ) <..ua^ J'i/'S -e^-e/x^ {/ ei^€uM>^ Now, with regard to the grave. Please tell this comrade, that it would be no trouble for me at all to visit that grave. Please ask her to write in detail where and how it is situated. She may even draw a small plan of its position, taking the Tchaikovsky's monument as a landmark. In short, I am waiting. I do not wish to hear about any expressions of gratitude, otherwise I will really be offended. Agreed? That is fine. — Oh, yes, do you know, we have an addition to the family a dog white, small, — with a black ear and a black si)ot on his back near the tail. Everybody is playing with him. He is a terrible hooligan. He devours everything, from meat to carrots, to say nothing about apples and grapes. His breed is a circus lap dog (sic). In short, we amuse ourselves. Dear girl, I am very grateful to you for your impulse. But, Marinochka, you have just arrived you yourself need a heap of things for a start therefore, let us come ; ; Commission Exhibit 31 —Continued 149 — to an understanding you are not going to send me anything. Otherwise, I will feel like a big pig with regard to you. One of these days, when you will stand firmly on your feet (you may do it). Many thanks, once more. Agreed? Perhaps, you would like to have some of our dried mushrooms? I can send you some. Or perhaps you need something? I can send it to you. If you have any requests, please, (ask) I will always fulfill them with great ; pleasure. I will end on this. I am waiting for June's picture and, better yet—of the entire family. Regards to Alek. Kiss June. Warm regards to you from my family. /s/ Elya. Commission Exhibit 31 —Continued 150 ! ^i^mrn H^ JteTj'^^^ .f/'Z^^ '^^ }t^ \ BJn^M. Write, how you got established, where and in what capacity you are worlting, how much you earn, and how and where you live. You know, all this interests us. Do you miss Minsk? How did the (Alek's) Homeland and relatives meet you? Do not forget about us. Write. We are waiting for news from you. Cordial regards and kisses from Aunt Anya to Marina and little June. To you, — Alek my best wishes and a ton of good luck. (Translator's Note: The second part of the sentence, after the dash, is in English.) Your friend Aleksandr. Commission Exhibit 33 —Continued 156 : Mii» rCi^OJir- m nac: ro^B", are nnHxo-itTxe b i.c-ooaa-O'TBo i o Bameu JiC. BO. t May 25, 1962. The Embassy is sending today your Soviet foreign (travel?) passport to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the USSR in Moscow, located at Smolenskaya- Sennaya ploshchad (Square), 32-34. The Ministry vv^ill send your passport to the OVIR in Moscow, Kolpachny per. (Lane) 9, where you should apply tomorrow or the day after tomorrow. When you receive your Soviet travel passport, you may order a ticket at the fol- lowing address Moscow, "Metropol" Hotel, Aeroflot Agency. : {Translator's Note: the next paragraph was crossed out.) When you receive the ticket, come to the Embassy and we will write you a tele- gram which you will have to send to the U.S.A. informing of your arrival. ( Translator's Note: the next paragraph is not crossed out.) If you wish to exchange rubles for foreign currency, you may apply at the address Moscow, Foreign Trade Bank, Neglinnaya ulitsa (street) 12. {Translator's Note: the letter is unsigned.) Commission Exhibit 34 157 ^'«fe^ fc^ Envelope: Picture in the left-hand upper corner captioned: "LENINGRAD" Printing on top "Beginning with January 1, 1961, the price of an envelope with a : stamp will be 5 kopecks." Postmark Leningrad 4/20/62 : Addressee: Oswald, Marina ul. Kalinina, house 4, apt. 24 Minsk (Significance of writing under postmark, "D 29 gos" is unknown) Sender E. Ya. Dzhuganyan, : ul. Stremyannaya, house 16, apt. 2 Leningrad, D-25. Commission Exhibit 35 158 i^4 t^c-e^B? 0^^p>z.^ .5^ ff.,at(:irlJti^df » ^ Jt-JtM^fi^ tmt.JH^jfA^ «fe? J Commission Exhibit 36 Translation at end of letter 159 1 Mv ft I i( fit. \t l_flliiiiiiifc jl> ^*'!.^filt»'CL.^*KS« S*.(!«r«._-«J -i..'^: '(L^^M^^. £.^..,5^^^ Vk««i^itf3^ ' Commission Exhibit 36 — Continued Translation at end of letter 160 i V .44U%*»J^ K^. 4- iT^ -ai«^^ -*«3sa!t-=#Mi Commission Exhibit 36 —Continued Good day, Marinochka, I received yonr letter. Thank you for the photo. We all liked your husband very much and I am particularly happy for you, my little housewife and mother. I can imagine how much work and cares you have, but, just the same, I am happy for you, because you are quite well established and, according to you, your husband is an intelligent (*) man and, apparently, you have a delightful apartment, and since you are in good spirits, it is a pleasure to work. It is a shame, however, that you are so thin you should try somehow to gain a little and your hair, too, changed it was ; ; ; better before, or is it just a different style? Main thing, this will be a hard year for you, but then the girl will get older and things will get easier and better for you. Now, a little about us and our family. Oleg is working this year in the same town with Galya this is my last year of work before retirement. So far, everybody is in ; good health. I do not know' how we will spend our vacation which comes in July. Marinochka, you write about some visa. Apparently, I did not get your letter and do not know anything about your trip. If you will have time, write about yourself and your family. I will be gladi to know about your family and your health, but now you should eat more and keep calmer, otherwise your baby will be nervous, too, if she sucks nervous (sic) milk. I kiss you. /s/ E. N. *Translator\s Note: The writer uses here the word "soznatelny" which means a person who "correctly evaluates and fully understands his environment," according to the "Dictionary of the Russian Language" by S. I. Ozhegov, Moscow, 1953. 161 ! . -H^Wf ^1r- -/ ' / / Dear Aleck So you are a father now. It is even nice that we have a girl. The delivery went off very well and fast. They sewed up only four small June was born at 10 o'clock. outside cracks. I myself did not expect that everything would be so fast. Aunt Valya will probably come to see you this evening. She has been here already today. Do not bring anything today. And tomorrow, bring only kefir (*) and some dessert. I no longer can have chocolates. You already know the rest. I kiss you, /s/ Marina. ( * ) "Kefir" is a sort of drink. Commission Exhibit 37 162 ^^ Commission Exhibit 38 Translation at end of letter 163 \ teiJfcuK Commission Exhibit 38 —Continued Translation at end of letter I 164 1./; r J Commission Exhibit 38 —Continued Tkanslation at end of letter 165 . u May 17, 1963. Hello Dear Marina and Alek ! We received your congratulations. We were very pleased and extremely grateful. It fell into my hands at the beginning of May. I don't know when it was sent, because Inna (Inesa) did not come to me. I don't know why, and I am not able to read the date. Our Yulya is fully four months old; (born February 11, also 2 weeks earlier than expected, after the example of June) weight 3.100 (kilograms) From the very beginning, she ate much, and accordingly grew a lot, but I thought maybe all that would be proven in the course of time. From the beginning of the second month she was weaned. Now I give her juices, cereal, cod liver oil, vitamin D2. I very much want to know, how your daughter June is growing. Did you have much trouble up to the first year? Now she is probably already running. Great greetings from your unknown Aunt Olya and Uncle Kolya and small friend Yulya who live on the other side of the world. Yulya likes to babble, and strongly works her arms and legs, and enjoys basking in the sun and smiles. (I already am dressing her in small overalls. She is so happy in them.) That is so Marina. It is unbelievable that I have a daughter already. How unexpectedly and comparatively easy this happened. My husband has become a tender father and a more attentive husband. Please write how you are; after all, I don't know anything about you. It has been approximately half a year. We will be patiently awaiting a reply. We kiss and hug warmly the three of you. We wish you happy week days and the very gayest of holidays. Until we meet again (I hope we will sometime) Olya, Kolya, Yulya Commission Exhibit 38 —Continued 166 ^' :+ 1 ' ^/ujo 'i^'^y „j^ Cfy**^ y/l><^ 0\.\/ C x/en. Well, now about me and everything else. I have just returned from my vacation. I traveled through the Northern Caucasus. It was wonderful. I bought a tourist pass and went. Of course, you only vaguely imagine me as a tourist, but a fact is a fact. I walked in the mountains and even carried a knapsack. The mountains were splen- did. In short, recall paintings by Roerich the elder and there would be no need to describe anything for you. Afterwards, I licked my scratches in Sukhumi, on the shore of the Black Sea. I had a wonderful rest. On my way back I spent eleven days in Moscow I covered it all. in length and breadth. All in all. I shook myself up ; in one respect and shook myself out in another. I am stony broke. Do not worry about the 500 dollars of debt you owe. Mine is only slightly smaller, a total of 200 rubles. All this is of no consequence. Commission Exhibit 3& —Continued 168 ^5^*-^2^^ / A^t '^^f^y^'^^'^' >-' .-*v^, '^-^A^ A-^ ^v/&»^^. yT-*/* ^^< '®a^J^ *v. J^^ic/ <^a9, ^-rVL^V y^^ /t }. ^ Dear! How are you? There is no Kafir*. What do you need? Did you nurse the baby already? Give these photographs to Aunt Valya we have more at home. Who ; called you up today? I love you, /s/ Aleck. *A beverage? Commission Exhibit 40 ^^-'^^-j .:ML. ! / / W(^ P y /i " IJ 1 <^{ iUiujuju^x :# "^1 e«^. M. « , ^ KiMMnuiiM i* •ifvaift^Tnv^nvrm^^PWOiiL.uuawi "V^"/;^.' «OT^^i^M^H*)rrv Dear Marinochka We congratulate you on the birth of your daughter and wish you good health and speediest recovery. We are very happy for you that everything went well and you did not have to suffer long. Marinochka, we are sending you a small package. Write to us, what we should bring you. If it is not difficult for you, write a couple of words; we shall be waiting. How do you feel? How is your daughter? 2/18/62. With regards, /s/ Aunt Lyuba and Uncle Vasya Commission Exhibit 41 —Continued 170 ! ? FOfiT Z*^o/?rH MHS. ^ix/tJnA .^/ -*- -'^«^. MuHCH. CmaduoH „UunaMo" I Jc S: .><.<^-t.*•<«*. -^^^ A-t • <. i-< t.e*_<.<:> -Kile-*- o. ^^ ''-^ 'S' -^ r » Photograph on page one of four-page letter is a view of "Dynamo" Stadium, Minsk. English address next to view of stadium is Mr. & Mrs. Lee Oswald, 7313 Davenport St., Fort Worth, Texas, USA. Greetings Lee and Marina Regards to your little girl ! Hope you arrived. How did you arrive? How does June feel Well, she "discovered" America at an early age. I received your card from Moscow very late as Lee put the wrong apartment number on the card. By the time the matter was cleared up May was over. According to the card you were to leave Commission Exhibit 42 171 <« > /. y-r ^^C^r ^ y /€, e.-- >-'---<: ^^ ^-K-^ y-'t.^y^ ^ ,///- /^'.. f^—ae: Y-^- ^ //<^ ^ /•„•(* : . *. •< y* <- /• . Moscow at the end of May. It is a shame I did not know when you passed through Minsk as I could have come down to the train. The day following after your de- parture for Moscow, Erik came to me. He said that he was not at home on that day and for that reason was not aware of your departure and did not visit you. A couple of days after you left, we visited your apartment. I am sending some photographs. I am glad you received the pictures I took at the train and the station. Unfor- tunately when I took photos of June, the camera was not set properly, and I'm lucky they came out. Commission Exhibit 42 — Continued 172 w : , j, ,/^ ^/** <-*'< .:3 ^ < --»^ ra/- X-fCr ^> ^€^-f^*'A-^Cc<^ . *.rjr,4'^i.. /. ///CC *^t4t*c . i y?y. The current issue of "youth" has a very good story. In the near future I will send you some magazines. Write soon. So long Pavel date (1962 remainder illegible) City Minsk. P.S. My address P. P. Golovachev #11 Zakharova St., Apt 72 Minsk—29 Commission Exhibit 42 —Continued 174 ! * .^x: ex.. •^ '7' 7 January 1963 Our dear Inessa, hello ! ! ! We were very glad and pleasantly surprised, upon receiving your letter. Our dear Inessa We were very Our dear Inessa ! We were very glad Commission Exhibit 43 175 M/f) /9 ^/^^ /^^Z ,/' S 0C^^-^( L^-^t-eY '^.y <^-^^ c^W 'i' U A-' to "/ • ' V/^ « / ^ wOi-*- --%. -^ "sj fy'^ t^X A note addressed to "Oswald, Marina, 51st Ward, 3rd Floor" Dear Marinka Mamma Marinka ! ! We congratulate you on the birth of the little June. You are a brick— you did it so fast, you deserve an "A." How do you feel in your role of a parent? Your child is not spoiled yet? The entire Minsk is excited and humming with joy. I am dragging behind me a whole train of greetings and good wishes, as follows: from Gelfond, Zhelobo, (Olga?) Commission Exhibit 45 177 : /- / o SI I-pA. % /V-^ Petrovna (who came especially from the rest home) Rita, myself, my parents, Smol, Lyusha (?), (for whom you procured akrofollin (acrifoline?) (), and many others. If you can, write something. Who does she look like? /s/ Inessa, Anita, Olga Petrovna *Translator's Note: "Russian-English Medical Dictionary" by Stanley Jablonski, Academic Press Inc., New York, 1958, describes acrifoline as Lycopodium alkaloid C12H28O2 N. Commission Exhibit 45 —Continued 178 ^ 4a<$^ y%i^^ V /4 /%M /i /a 1 WK- Hello Marina, How is your health? When will they release you? Write. Excuse us for not coming over for a long time. What do you need? With best wishes Aunt (name illegible) Uncle (name illegible) Commission Exhibit 46 179 u. 4. Greetings Marina I congratulate you on the new arrival in the family ; may she grow into a good daughter (later, if you wish a son). How do you feel? How is the daughter? I just returned from the factory and don't know if they will accept my message. It is already six o'clock. This evening I'll stop in to see your better half. If you need anything please write. I am waiting. Hope to be home soon. So long Tolya Commission Exhibit 47 180 ^u^i^\-Lt^.>m. '-^^{ju^^^- cA^^cua^ yy4f. ^yyix^c^c/e^ A.c*^a^ t^?< r/5i7c ^' ,'^ ,^. ^X^ -f..*Jt^_ |!» Y^i r^y. - ^<^ c U^ ^y -(-yu.-- i^'>^<*M*A»^^ *^ A.- ^^9r^ i-'-A^Uc-C^ J5» *^ .. 't^< /^^*'^a^^~l X -V^ ^^ Mu:^e^ ' '^^-^4^t> ^^^c^c^«p^e /J^f'J ^^^ z^^^ .' A^^ ^,. ^,^'^S^'.''"^''^'^. ^e^n/vCL U^ tC-t*3y»« .^iH. J/&^^e.^ti ^.^a^' C Cf> 'tCiJ9f ¥^ >/i; \ -*< y^r-' Cj" V UUl Sa£€i^< L.X-CCA- ^ f^d/f-t^ n stepfather Aleksandr Ivanovich Medvedyev, born 1915 at Leningrad and em- ployed at the Leningrad Kokso gas works. Mother Klovdiya Vasiliyevna Medvedyeva, born 1917. Archangel, worked for the Warsaw Railroad in Leningrad, died 1957. Brother Petr Aleksandrovich Medvedyev, exact date of birth unknown, but born sometime after 1943 in Archangel. Sister Tatyana Aleksandrovna Medvedyeva, born around 1949 and resi- dent in the Moldavian SSR. Aunt: Maria Vasilievna Berlova, date of birth unknown. She works in the Central Epidemical Section, Minsk. Aunt's husband Ivan Akimovich Berlov, date and place of birth unknown, em- ployed at radio factory in Minsk. Commission Exhibit 49 —Continued 183 WUK' s'^ ^ C *v*ct«. *«««< ^ i OiA*»fjt*uri^S,.'*^^ imm Minsk January 28, 1961 Hello, Marina, I received your letter (long ago). You are already writing with an accent, often using the word "packet" (package) They say in Russian "posylka" or "banderol", ! although it is "a packet" in English. Usually I show your letters to Inna, Pavlik — or the Zigers; to the latter as occasion arises. After Inna read your letter, she decided to write to you so did her mother. You probably have already received ; these letters. It seems that everything here is the same as before. Lately we had-25-26° C. It is warmer now ^4-6° C. : I am graduating from the institute in a few months ; I wonder where I will have to work. I feel that this letter is rather short. But to write about everything in detail would end in a whole notebook, a feat which I am incapable of (terribly lazy). It would be better if you ask questions. This way it would be simpler and faster. Commission Exhibit 50 \ 184 I ^Lt^n.4y<-U, t^^c rfuin. ^c^^uO OyScX*^ Sct^.47C<^ ^^^ ^[^tyl- *,t>^ ^ ^^^€ rt^,^. How is June? She will be one year old soon. Quite a big girl She ought to ! resemble you. I do not want to say that Aleck is not handsome, but, generally, I liked you better. You have regular features, etc., which I cannot say about Aleck (you do not have to show him this portion of the letter). You, probably, already speak English well. I envy you. I .am poring over my dictionaries and textbooks, but this is a far cry from a living speech. I will write something for Aleck. (The next part is in English) Dear Aleck, Here is a letter to your wife. I wrote something about your face but I really didn't mean that. I always believed you to be a most attractive chap. I hope you are doing O.K. with your job and everything. My best wishes to all you. Your friend, Erick. Will you answer soon. My folks send their regards to you. Commission Exhibit 50 —Continued H)-536 0-64 vol. XVI 14 185 '*i tffy***^ ^jfffj' O^t^^ d*^^ ^ fc-y^V^ *f ^^ ^ ATA yi^4L^A«*^/««. ^ ^^^ aer^»^ A. *C My dear Marinochka, we received your letter and a greeting card. Thank you very, very much for not forgetting us. I wept wholeheartedly when I received your letter the way you did when you received mine. Uncle //i/a was away on a business trip, so, in my excitement, I ran over to the Andrianor-s and we all read it together. We are very pleased that Aleck is such a decent fellow. You know we liked him and now I like him twice as much as before in my thoughts. The jjhotograph is beautiful. You look fine; little Marishka has grown a lot. I wanted so much to hold her in my arms. She does not look like you she seems to me to be the very image of Aleck. ; We were very glad to get your iihotograph. I look at it every day and it seems to me as though you are here, next to me. I will preserve it. You know that I love you, Commission Exhibit 51 186 ' ex A / M9 0f^ *r»)[ 4^ ^ tC Si»m^ ^ ^ ^- ^ ;? # too, although I did scold you sometimes but in my heart I was sincere. For me you ; took the place of a daughter and a friend. We are very sorry that you went so far away, but what can one do? Now we wish you only the best in life. Now you have an heiress growing up someone to live and work for. ; Everything is fine at home everybody is alive and well. We had a wonderful New ; Year's Eve party as we always do. During the school vacation we had Aunt Musya's children and Misha from Borisov. Only yesterday I took home Aunt Musya's Marinka. She spent about 4 days with us she is growing into a very interesting ; girl— intelligent and determined. She asked me, "Aunt Valya, show me the picture of Marina I will look at it again and remember it forever." ; Commission Exhibit 51 —Continued 187 a^ O'XMfL^^^ €^ pf^^, ^ i^>*^^<.*^ '-Z-au^^ ^ f*^ ^*^ t-^ Sr *- y*^**^^ *^*«#««r ^t*a,..%^i^ A^-'tf <|»e>^A^ We received a letter from Aunt Polina she invites us to Sasha's wedding which ; will take place on February 16. I have not decided yet, whether to go or not. Marinochka, I asked you whether or not you put in a tooth I am worried about it. ; Also, why do you not write anything regarding Aleck's relatives? How do they treat you? Please write. Marinochka, we received your greeting card only yesterday. You are not writing the address correctly. Write it down and remember Minsk 29, ulitsa Kommunis- : ticheskaya, No. 42, apartment 20. "Write letters more often I will always gladly ; answer them. I like your letters very much and the way you write. We have unusually cold weather this year frosts started a long time ago and still ; Commission Exhibit 51 —Continued 188 ; ^ ^A^^m # #«>i /^J^SjiT* ..^ ^iHiifieJb»f*»4^ ^»l^^^-««%«w -**» «:N^« «*r5e persist. I am staying at home as soon as I go out, my hands and feet freeze, although ; I am dressed very well for winter. Here is our news in brief. Dear Maryasha. write to me the dates of your family's birthdays. I do not know the date when Marishka was born I think you were born on June 15. ; We did not see any of your friends. Warm regards to you and Aleck from all the Andrianovs they were very glad to be remembered. Lyahja has not married yet; right now she is in Riga, in practical training; she meets with Aleck (?). We hug and kiss you, /s/ Aunt Valya and Uncle Illya. Kiss my "granddaughter" for me. January 24, 1963. Commission Exhibit 51 —Continued 189 ! : "fUf Handwritten note 0.9, 61 (sic) Dear Marina, This letter arrived on Monday. I know that you want to read it so I sent it to you. Write Alek How do you feel? Rear side of note beginning Dearest Marinka 37 PA ( ?) Oswald vc*i tM^t^e-^^ Vw^oc^l^ ^iCmkK^ Dearest Marinka, "We are here with Aleck. I selected all of the things for you. In the main I selected them not for their beauty, but for their convenience. You do not have a pilch* and so I took an extra plain diaper. Generally, we are impatiently waiting for you. Love Aleck and Inessa pilch —an infant's triangular diaper, covering the inner diaper Commission Exhibit 52 190 . '^ ^ »r y/ y '' '^ -^ tjf'.V. /^<--T.-:'''''"liB!!S!Sfl^fcK^««*<»-«" . CV-^M ,<:..„, ,0.- **'. _^i- j ' .» Translator's Note: The following fragment may be an attempt to reprodiice from memory the text of an aria from an opera of Tchaikovsky, "The Queen of Spades." The fragment con- tains numerous errors, omissions and distortions. In translation, the omissions were marked with and unintelligible words (distorted beyond recognition) — , were marked with ACT 2. "QUEEN OF SPADES" I love you, love you immeasurably. I cannot imagine life without you. I am ready right now to perform a heroic deed of unprecedented prowess for your sake. But do not wish to restrain your heart's freedom in any way. I am ready to I conceal my feelings to please you, feelings. , — I am ready to do anything for your sake. (I am willing) not only to be your husband, but a servant in different — I would like to be your friend and keep on being one for always. . But I clearly see now, where but what is the matter with me, how little , you trust me. How feeling — and how remote. Oh, I am tormented with this , to you my soul, I am sad with your sadness and I weep with your tears. , Oh, I am tormented with this — passionately to you with all my soul (1 A) repeat ( ?). Oh, my dear I love you^ ! Commission Exhibit 53 191 i . . Aft'" ' 1*^ 1 V" H. r . . ? Marina Congratulations on the birth of your daughter. This is wonderful ! ! Wish the best for you and her. How do you feel? Marina, please write what I can bring you tomorrow. Greet- ings and best wishes from all Andrianovs, from mother, from Tolya, and from "grandmother" Valya. Kiss you strongly (with Kisses) Lyalya P.S. Marina, we are very, very glad you have a daughter. Everyone is elated. We are all congratulating "grandmother." Once again with kisses. Lyalya Commission Exhibit 54 192 ! ! <^^^^^*^ -^i^ J^ ^ ^«Sy«^<^i^^# "'^-A, -^ %;,'^- l»-«**!f$C^' x- .^^ Oct. 22, 1961 My dearest girl Today I received your post card thank you dear, only I do not like your talk ; that you have a feeling that you will lose me. You \v\\\ never lose me and that's all Today also I received a letter from mother. She sent me several books. She also tells me that you should learn to sj>eak English. I wrote back and told her that you do not want and (unintelligible). I sent her regards from you. You can't tell when you will return. Tell me as early as you can. The weather is here cold and rainy. Commission Exhibit 55 193 i^^ yu .^,1 '^ y.-C 'ty^t^Z cfjU^ -^ y. -^/^-^ •^tf ^'• And our personal affairs I went, but they say, "uo answer yet." : But that's alriffht. You will be home soon again. It will be so good to be with you. I am glad that the baby is so active ; that's good. Well, so long, write, Your husband, Alek. Commission Exhibit 55 —Continued 194 jfs ^ - *"iriiMMii . , A^'tfit-.- .'^^IJ^^IS?-^...^ I ^?' &4X€.S^^- /(^ Jfi I KoMy .^m^i^y.piir^ *Ti j^fj^*^^ .^ y 1^ Where —City of Kharkov Return address : Trinkler Gates Minsk House 5—Apt. 7 Kalinskaya Street 4, Apt. 24 To— Michaelovieh, (for Oswald, M.) Oswald, A. X. Jf-^^ \ It Commission Exhibit 55 —Continued 195 ! ./^ ^^>^^f *r ^ Letter dated Oct. 18, 1961 Dear Marina, Today I received presents from you. Thanks a lot. They are very, very, nice and I .shall always remember this day. — Well, are you returning soon? I will be glad to see you again I will love you so! Well, again thanks for the presents. You selected so well the records and books and frames which I will always hold. So long, Your husband Alex Commission Exhibit 56 196 I *^^mi^'^"^^3^S^m'»mi::- w:i ^ X^»t^^^(f MA? WOMV W XOi)V MiUeHM ^.^:>" te*- 'aiii iHi •^ Commission Exhibit 56 —Continued 197 ! (IA/aa^**^ ^«_ C2/Wi Letter is as follows: Minsk 22nrl November. Good day dear Marinoehka, Alek and little Marishka ! I was just called from work and Eugenia Ivanovna read me your letter over the telephone. We are glad that all is going well with you, but how much we went through. I decided to write you a letter at once today tomorrow I will go to work ; for the address. Marinoehka I beg your pardim for the way you were received when you came through Minsk and no one met you. In the first place Uncle Ilya Commission Exhibit 57 198 ' ~3 tAl * t.&i^ -1^^ *r ^. p ^0f. ^f^r^/^l^r em4^P M^^0^ /*»•* yo^^^kL^ >^itf -*/# ^^ ic j^^" ••#' e*^ ^*6 '»(r.,r*". ?.asis*w" ««» .li* ^i^f^^m. —^_ ^T j9»-. c-># J^*ip*#'-- '1H0*m*f mm^m ^ m 4f' was on a trip, and I received your telegram at 10 :00 PM— the train leaves at 11 :00 I could not go alone. When Uncle Ilya arrived, we were very grieved that this haj)- pened. Don't be offended about that; you came through (Minsk) very late. Of course Uncle Ilya and I miss you very much you went so far away you know, you ; ; were the closest relative to us, although we grumbled at you sometimes, but you de- served it Even now when I pass by your house, I feel somehow sad. This year we stored everything for winter, put up sauerkraut, but my Marinka is not here and ; yet I hear your voice: "Aunt Valya, did you make rassolnik today?" Our life is Commission Exhibit 57 —Continued 199 0m **«. 4 t% /> ^3^^ 5^- ?^^*^ m**-^ \ ^ '"^''m'm^*^ M m^»^. *M^S¥ Jkj0^/ ^^^"^f 4^ S m.*iid^ €^i^ <3fcf *"*!# :«6**'#-' *i*sr>*-~ /dilf.^0*^ itu. • 1^'4l*l>< >^ <»***» ^fiet^tmrnfCA^ fT-mm ^Hsit m «a.. going on without changing I am busy as always with housework at home and uncle ; Ilya is busy at work. This year I went to Moscow for almost a whole month; Tomochka, daughter of my sister, Aunt Dusya, got married, and so I went to attend the wedding; I saw all miy relatives and it was very nice and gay. Uncle Ilya went away on his vacation. Such is our news. We live well with uncle Ilya, always in harmony and agreement. He is very dear to me I am always worrying ; about his health. The weather is very bad. There was no snow yet the rains are falling. ; Commission Exhibit 57 —Continued i 200 Ji ^ O."' Sm^ ^ *cM *-^»-»»-,, §-^ ^-r-^. i-mis^'^f W^^'^'^^ Write about yourself; how do you feel? How is Alex? Who does Marinochka look like? You promised to write letters often. I will answer them. How is your tooth? Well, this is all so far. Please write. I am waiting for your letters. Regards from us to Alex' relatives. How did they treat you? Warm kisses from aunt Valya, uncle Ilya. Kiss my granddaughter for me. Commission Exhibit 57 —Continued 740-536 0-64 vol. XVI 15 201 ,.f; A '^ -<^, ISi^- '£^t¥€K Envelope addressed to: M. Oswald 602 Sesbeth Street Daleas, Texas, U.S.A. Address of Sender: V. G. Prusakova 42 Communist St. Apt. 20 Minsk 29 Picture in upper left-hand corner is entitled "Lake Baikal." Commission Exhibit 57 — Continued 202 I XA/ \ ^, v; K ^' *, » ^.jSm.T^JS^\ i-.v ,-^iv ^f. .fiiffiTr^fv One-page note addressed to "Marina Oswald, 3rd Floor, 51st Ward." Commission Exhibit 58 203 : „ >&^ cC^^ >z^^^ . y^/j?/^jl ^ct* . i^iHi^ *>9»i^ c^Ar. ^ .-•w^^xi£<5» j^^^ui^^ cM^^e4sic /mjti^i^/ ^^' Te/e Mmj^ ^^mr-^^ -w-t 2/17 Dear Marina and June, I have already sent letters to Mamma and Robert and told them everything. Here is juice and milk for you. I am no longer mad that you gave birth to a girl. That is all right! I told Enis and Erick the day before yesterday, so you may expect them. I also told Ziger at the factory everybody at work congratulated me and ; sent their regards to you. How did you like the photographs? Good, are they not? Did you give them to Aunt Valya? Pavel is sending his regards and good wishes, Well, so long. I will come tomorrow. Tell me if you need anything. My regards to June, /s/ Aleck. An added note on top of the page "The sour cream was 200g. But I fell on the street ( ?) therefore now there are , only 160g." Commission Exhibit 58 —Continued 204 T^y-^ jSm^^yr 4^^^^.^ ... ^',^^ e^iH..^ Feb. 20. Dear Marina, I hope that you feel well. How is June ; is she all right? Today at work, all the workers collected money for you (20 rubles) to buy a present. They will send you the present later. Did Aunt Vaiya visit you today or yesterday? And Aunt Lyuba? I told her that you need a brassiere I hope she found one. ; When are they letting you go? How much does June weigh? I saw Enis and Olga on Saturday and they showed me your correspondence. We received a letter from Robert in which he invited us to live with him when we will be in the U.S.A. I probably won't come tomorrow. O.K.? So long, /s/ Aleck. Commission Exhibit 59 205 »»r I ^'"^^ -^ /^^'4:r .-*- .»- ^^^^V^ A '^ilS^fift.,'!^ k Feb. 18. Dear Marina, Here is the cover for you I looked for it a long time. ; Aunt Valya and Uncle Ilya visited me this morning. She will come to see you tomorrow at 2 :00 o'clock. I told her what should be bought. Erick and I were at the Zigers yesterday until 24 (12?) o'clock. How is everything with you ? Does she eat? What do you need? Oan you walk? Did Enisa (Inessa?) visit you? Is June red? When Aunt Valya comes tomorrow, give her the photographs. Aunt still Lyuba is going to see you today. Well, so long. I Tour husband, /s/ Aleck P.S. I will not come tomorrow. Is it all right? Commission Exhibit 60 206 I M. fit. ii.^^.f^'jmasiui') Feb. 21. Dear Marina, Today we received a very nice present for June from the factory; I know you will like it. They bought one summer blanket, 6 light diapers, 4 warm diapers, 2, chemises, : 3 very good warm chemises, 4(?) very nice suits and two toys (total 27 rubles). I know that Erick and Anita visited you yesterday. How do you like Anita? You should tell Aunt Valya to buy a winter blanket. You are leaving soon, so we would need a blanket cover, too. How is June eating? I probably won't come tomorrow. All right? I love you, /s/ Aleck. Commission Exhibit 61 207 : \-?b- ^^^r'"' If Dear Marina I just saw Aunt Valya and told her that you would call her on the matter of the blanket. They (at the plant) bought a blanket Ifor 7 rubles. It is probably the same which Aunt Valya buys. You talk about it (sic). Marina Oswald 37 PA. Commission Exhibit 61 —Continued 208 ! I^^^^Hu^ ^p^ta^i^ Oe^uM.-^ ,*—jf-***"- 4^^ ;ilii ^<^; 4^ ' 4^ lU xru^OiAV J fl mA yj v^<^uuS^ 4^^^ -^ J .^%^ 2nd. Dec. '62 Dear Marina Valya, Theo and I have just packed the rest of your things. Now, Alek from Fort Worth has sent some beautiful photographs which I will send to you by way of Volya. Commission Exhibit 62, 65 209 iK^ Hi^ A{ o ci ^M v44^, i . J 'tT^f I jF^-JK.fe-i'^^'t.-.^'-iwi'i^'T t Hello, Marina I am sending you a plate with chicken meat. Sasha did not have time to fry the whole one at home because he went to the circus with Vasya yesterday. Marina, put it into a bowl from the plate and return the plate to me. I will be waiting. When are you going to be discharged? I will not come tomorrow. Regards, Lyuba Commission Exhibit G6-H 224 Scrap of paper with inscription "To M. N. Pruskova 48" : Commission Exhibit 66^H —Continued 225 ) . 0/iT yy. ;^'-iT;f» *;;!» -l/*^' d^'j^-''^''^*^ ,.*'i. i<- : c*^ 5..^^j£;<^ 1.*^*^ *4 jn ^^ '/^ tr-^^&f^-^^^**^' Oct. 14 Dear Marina, I was very glad to receive your letter today. I was also glad to learn that every- thing is all right with you at Aunt Khalina's (Galina's?) I hope that you dress well because it is already very cold there. While you are in Kharkov, of course, I am very lonesome, but I see Erick often; I also go to the movies. Recently I saw the German film "Yarkormi" (sic). Weather here is cold and wind is cold, too. I eat at the automat after work or at the factory dining room. Well, enough for the present! Please write! (I received your telegram also on Tuesday. I kiss you, /s/ Aleck. Commission Exhibit 66-1 226 r -^/frj f. K. /7 Text on reverse side of photograph : — "Marina this is to explain to you the truth ; s that I am already unlike that Tapka (?) in Leningrad in 1958? Is it to be found there? —June, 1961 Pepoya (?)" Commission Exhibit 67 227 r^'^ -w^"' -•napw -.0 I c OE OF CARD 18 FOP ADDRESS ^ sn-/ ^ ^<::> ^j^/ .'f''* fiA. &.'- '1 /?^/,,£/;^ /^^/ ^;^ /A'^aH w A/^ Nj-^ ^ t "(My) Dear, (feminine) All is well. I am living with Aunt Lillian. She has very kindly taken us in. "I am now looking for work. When I find it I will write you. "I kiss you (standard Russian affectionate closing) and Akhun XXX M." Commission Exhibit 68-A 228 ^auA" .»' r t jU:, / ' S-f-jii- oKmg south On Mali Downtown Vern: is the county etat ol '....,„.„ md has*n estimated population o ir bv Lloyd I^anp ^^'•^fi-h'' Commission Exhibit 68-B 229 ! '^\- t/f^^ THIS SIDE O^ CARP rS FOR ADDRESS /^/ / -' ^ /^,.^t/'=;'v*T^'/'r^Gn-.v^-*->»^^.'^^ .- - •' -^ wt^xtd4^i:^sm»i,if«:..ji.iiii^f/j>utx7fjr:i , > // May 3 "Girls, have not found work, but I receive money from the unemployment office I still in the amount 15 to 20 dollars. They were mistaken in the Dallas office when they refused, but I straightened everything out. Uncle 'Dyuz' offered me a loan of $200.00 if needed. Great, eh ? /s/ ALECK P. S. I received your letter later." Commission Exhibit 60-A 230 "May, Peace, Work" h:^fd '/v. Addressee: Marina Oswald, House No. 4, Apartment No. 24, Kommunistskaya Street, Minsk. It reads as follows : "Dear Marina, Congratulations and greetings on the 1st of May and I hope you spend it well and in good health. I wish you all the best in life. I am waiting for a letter from you with great impatience. Best regards." The address "Zaozyernaya St. No. 6, Apartment 4, Leningrad," is reflected at : the bottom, together with an illegible name. Commission Exhibit 69-B 231 "Happy New Year." •A-iim* M30rH3»» ^ill". T»p»« ISOOOOO. "Dear Marina and Oleg, Congratulations. We wish you a happy New Year and hope that you will pass all your years in happiness and health. /s/ Medvedev Family" The printed matter in the lower right corner of the post card indicates that the card was printed by the State Publishing House and sells for two kopecks. Commission Exhibit 70 232 7 Commission Exhibit 71 A *^L^ -p^iAw^-fc dL,^,^ "'"1% , nmmhmmma^SSk, i ,. „ i 'l I ti I I I T Commission Exhibit 71 B )36 0-64 vol. XVI 1 233 ! C C C P yHMBEPCMTET ^PyWBbl HAPO/lOB ** uit-yz£0 • iX^C^ t9(/i. I I yaaxaaod rpwwainm Xapael OcaajnAl IlpOCmi ESBBUBTb BBC Sa saAB'pOy C OTBOTOU Stt fiM jieEne apaeMe Ha y^ec^ b yBXBepcireT xpywSii aapoiAOs Ilaipiica iyifyudu. Hbm aoHHTHO Base cxpeMaeHHe pmriCH b ymBepcirreTe i^fptr- du BapoAOB. o;iHBXo» k ooxaxeHHB, loi He moxsm yAo&oeTBopBTb Baiuy npoc&C^ bbha7 topo, HT^^^HEBepcBTeT cosabb soKJUHKrasbBO AJ3H uaiiojG(ejai cjiadopasBiiTux cTpan Asku, A^pbkb m JaTBHCKofi AMepaxE. Hto KacaeTCH ppejotaH Apyivx crpeB bjib jodi 563 rpex- ;iaHCTBa, to obh mq?^* (Juti. hphbhth b JoxSoe «pywe aicaee ST^edHoe sasejsieHBe Ck>BeTCKoro Coosa corjsacHO oyqecnfyniBf AU ^ HEX npasBJiaM. C y6aiWHX«M HAHAJLbHHK OXpiA I CTy^HfTOB / n.^lBKapoB sa-2 'oiiiiia^^ USSR University of the Friendship of Nations named for Patrice Lumumba Number 3/266 3 May 1961 Esteemed citizen Harvey Oswald We ask you to pardon us for the delay in ansvpering your application for studies at the University of the Friendship of Nations, named for Patrice Lumumba. It is evident to us that you desire to study at the University of the Friendship of Nations, hoveever, regretfully, we may not satisfy your request in view of the fact that the University was created exclusively for youths of the underprivileged countries of Asia, Africa, and Latin America. Concerning citizens of other countries or stateless citizens, they may be accepted in any other institution of higher learning of the Soviet Union in accordance with existing regulations for them. With regards, Chief of the information Department and student welcoming /P. Chikarev Signature illegible Commission Exhibit 72 234 I m (\ri /^ £X ^ >o<::>. O^ ^tx^^.c4>c^ %: #/ O eat *» K - - MINSK CITY HEALTH DEPARTMENT 1st CITY CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL Certificate Child Oswald, June, had smallix)x vaccination on 5/18/62. 5/18/62. Dr. Gut (the rest ille^rible) Triangular stamp over the signature: "Children's consultation for hospital. — " (last word obliterated) Commission Exhibit 73-A Commission Exhibit 73-B 235 ; BMbAHUlEh V. LENIN MEMORIAL STATE I. LIBRARY OF THE USSR ' :<-Ky..y- Left side: Science Reading Room No. 1 CARD No. V-3095/K Surname Oswald : Name and patronymic Lee Harvey Valid for use From : 7/9 to 7/10, 1961 Extended to : 196- Re^stering Cleric (illegible signature) Triangular stamp: "V. I. Lenin Memorial State Library of the U.S.S.R." Right side: Extract From Rules of the Library 1. Take care of the card and control sheet. In case of loss, duplicate may not be issued earlier than a month after the (date of) the written notice by a reader re- garding the loss. 2. Reader's card is presented (a) on entering the library (b) on receiving books : : (c) on demand of the administration (d) in renewal of registration for another year. ; 3. Transfer of the card to another person is strictly prohibited. 4. A temporary card, valid for one day, is issued to readers who forgot their per- manent cards, 3 times a year. 5. It is prohibited to take out literature from the reading room or to bring in own books, magazines, newspapers, clippings or other materials into the reading room. Orders for literature are accepted by telephone at: B 1-38-51 or K 0-05-80, ext. 6-55 and by mail ul. Kalinina 3. : Service and Stock Section. Commission Exhibit 74 236 ! . 0& 9 cc*..-.^"*^ ^i<^ •^ . ^ ^.^^UuM u^-^St^-i, ^-^*^t.^ > - . ^, /^ «-6S September 29, 1963 Leningrad Hello, dear Marinochka I received a letter from you which I thank you very much. However, I did not answer it immediately. So much to do all the time, and I am running around like a squirrel in a cage. But today is Sunday and I am taking a little time off in order to write to you about everything in detail. Well, how is my life going on? I work quietly at the pharmacy and already I am used to everybody. I bought — myself an in-between-seasons overcoat a rather nice one I get 80 rubles at time ; — and one half rate. I have not been working long yet, but after I work a year, I will get something better. I might say that I have not been anywhere yet, unless I count dances at the Mramorny (Marble) and at the First Five- Year Plan Club. I met a young man whom I like. I will let you know, what develops later. I met him only twice, so it is too early to judge what he is like. I like life very much in Leningrad. It is very gay here, generally. I would like very much to have a nice young man so as to go around everywhere together. But everything is still in the future at first, I have to get ; Commission Exhibit 75 237 f^J^/ fi/T.^^ : .*-*w- *.,!<<^^-«S£-4t-«<^, JT- „ How is the little one inside your belly? And how is little June? She will know two — languages Russian and English, the lucky one. Do you quarrel with Alek? It is hard on him support him do not fight. Everything still may turn out all right. ; ; As for me, the situation with Valentin is as follows we are corresponding. He : visited me he spent 5 days here, and from here went to rest at his sister's in Sochi. ; He sent me two letters from there. He recovered well. His lungs are completely healed, he tells me. But who knows the actual truth? Marina, the weather here is cold already fall makes itself strongly felt. Nights ; are really cold. You wrote that it is hot where you live. So it is better for you in this resi>ect. After all, warmth is better than cold. And you probably do not go any- — where either to dances, or the theater or to movies probably, you have no one to ; leave the baby with. You never wrote to me about your recreation. — Marina, write to me at a new address of the (one illegible word) where I live Leningrad K-67 General Delivery Khontul (eva), G. P. Commission Exhibit 75 —Continued 239 ItUJ^-^ m .-f,.-t-{^ >^ ^<^ i,f:-f / „.^C£^ r !7~4^^^-«fif'!^ ^ All right? The Post OflSce is next door here. Well, what else can I write to you? I live with (other) girls and have a good time; we fool around. Soon by spring, our hostel will be moved to new buildings and we all will get private rooms. Nice, is it not? Come, Marina. We will walk together you and I, and recollect our youth. It was nice then and even then you, too, could have gotten married and we would have been together in Leningrad. But we were fools. Marinochka, my dear, write to me about everything in detail. I, too, am always glad to receive your letters. I am not corre.siwnding with Lyuska Chenak or Genak) ( and do not know whether she got married. That is the way things are for me. Good bye. Kiss June for me and give my best regards to Alek. Hold your head high, Marina ! After all, you will soon have another baby. You will need the strength. I kiss you once more. Yours, always, /s/ Galka (Galina). Commission Exhibit 75 — Continued Translation at end of letter 240 : : Envelope addressed to: Mrs. Marina N. Oswald, 4907 Magazine St., New Orleans, La. and forwarded to 2515 West 5th St., , Irving, Texas. Sender's address Galina Petrovna Khontuleva General Delivery Leningrad, K-67, USSR. >^' '«• % i \ .m .^ ^ > *s*«s!iafM(eaKni. Commission Exhibit 75 — Continued 241 ^..^^.j^jauM^ ^ .<4<^ nfiahu^c^ of^^idi^ %A6AVcru> IJii^^ 2/.*^. -T^>^ X.^^^^ >^ ^...u.^, <..J.^i/K^ Commission Exhibit 76 242 ! ; J-OLjOLU ^dlxi K^ Loyola Villa Battle Wharf, Alabama August 7, 1963 Dear Marina, Thank you for the interesting conversation which we had last week. I was de- lighted to talk to you, for which I thank you very much. I have to admit that I was happy and surprised that I could understand you without great difficulty. As a result of this conversation, my interest and desire to study Russian has grown. Thanks to your husband, too, for his very good report in our seminar. Perhaps, we did not agree with him regarding certain of his conclusions, but we all respect him for his idealism and the truthfulness of his search. I also thank you for records of Tchaikovsky's ballet, the "Swan Lake." I listened to them and I like the orchestra of the Bolshoi Theater and its conductor Yu. Fayer. Thank you, once more If it is not too difficult for you, please correct mistakes in my letters. Recently I read many poems by Pushkin, Lermontov, Esenin and Mayakovsky. I particularly liked"A Letter to Mother" by Esenin "Winter Evening," by Pushkin ; and "A Cloud in Pants," by Mayakovsky. Did you read these poems ? Do you like them? If you have enough time, please write to me about your life in the USSR. I would like to know what you studied at school, particularly, what you studied in literature. I shall be here up to August 21, and then at the Jesuit House of Studies, 3959 Loyola Lane, Mobile. With deep respect. Yours, Boris Ivanovich Fitzpatrick (sic) Commission Exhibit 76 —Continued 243 w. _ ib.v rr - I r ui aiii< ^. - ^^^t. t i fnuJn Q/iLLa \jL.ouoLa CVJfn I ' nBi.'mam% 9w f^'^/ r l> J Commission Exhibit 76 —Continued 244 P" A^i ^, a:f gf r , H^ ce^^ T>-^ ^4i,f^e^ ^H't^Uy i^ Kl - ^ - 41 /^ .^ ^ *i*^ Good day, dear Marinochka ! Forgive me for not answering you for so long but there were many reasons for this. I will begin from the beginning. I received your letter while I was still in Usvyaty, for which I am very grateful to you. But now it has been a month since I lived in Leningrad. I got a job at the pharmacy of the Mechnikov Memorial Hospital they ; will register me here and will give me a place to live at a hostel. I started to work from July 1, and have already been paid. I left because finally I had to start work- ing we parted friends with the surgeon he promised to marry me when ; ; he gets a little better, yet he seldom writes to me. And I still cannot get over the pain of my mother's death I still cannot get back to normal. Although it is gay here in Lenin- ; grad, I have not been going out anywhere so far; I do not feel like it somehow. Moreover, I have nothing to wear. I will wait until winter, get some clothes and then friends will appear, but right now I have to be lonesome by myself. Commission Exhibit 77 245 i/ a<£^^ ^'^tc**i^^ ^u^t^ lA*<^4H^^L^, ^t^c^u^u^tc* 0^^ Kci444Je^ /S^*^:^^<'*/ui£*x- ^*r> ^ "They are very busy at the pharmacy where I work and I get very tired, and, you know, I have frequent headaches. Personnel here is large and quite nice. But it is too bad that they pay us, medical workers, so little. They promise a raise in IGG.!. At present I live at Valya's while she herself lives at Usvyaty with Stasik it is ; good for him there in the country but she is coming here soon. I will move to the ; hostel in August, but if you write to me, address letters to Ruzovskaya (street) for the time being they will always give them to me and I will let you know the new ; address (of the hostel) in the next letter. As for Valentin, I grew very used to him I can even say that I began to love him ; and now, separated from him, I miss him very much. God grant that everything will be well with us !Right now, the weather in Leningrad is cold. I went out to get a sun tan once, but now it is terribly cold again. That is how things are with me, Marinochka. Now, that I will live in Leningrad, write to me what you need in the Commission Exhibit 77 —Continued 246 •^ ^leU^ M^CcAhH^^*^^ , UC^'^^'CCuf i^-^U^S^-^ ttM^^-Ag.^ C4i^^^^ £^^0 ^^i^ t-^*^^ ^ ^^ ^<-i»^ ^^^ /.^^*«.e«^ /J^/'-m'" X^*/^^^*' -^^-^c^ -^ *-^ <*N«.< 4>^» .«*Kfl J^dfNMjT 4!feHt4r -i*^**.^ same letter (sic), i.e., what you would like to have. I will send it to you now that I myself am working and have my own money. Write, do not be bashful. And how is everything betvfeen you and Alik (sic) and how is your life and mood in general? I think that your troubles with your husband will smooth out you will have another ; baby and everything will be fine. But in case things become intolerable, leave every- thing and come back to the homeland. I think we will find a place for you here after : all, our people are good ;they help if anything happens. And we will bring up the little ones. I will help you. But you yourself, "keep your head up; perhaps, you were in a bad mood when you wrote your last letter? So. you liked the new city? And how is your little daughter? She is probably walking ali-eady by herself. Never mind, Marina everything will be all right. Did you hear that we had the first woman ; cosmonaut in space. Valentina Tereshkova? We all are very proud of her. What a fine girl she is ! Words are lacking to express admiration Well, I am going to ! Commission Exhibit 77 —Continued 247 ^ftjrfljl, /-<-#^^.'^»-.'-^«H'>«/'-r ^ .^aHeJr «>§*-<^ Mt ^f^lm, \ i '^ j i ' ' r close. I walk around Leningrad and recall how you and I used to walk on the Nevsky, remember? We went everywhere together. Those were good times, were they not? But now I do not have any girl friend, and that is why I feel so sad. Marina, for some reason I did not receive the style magazine which you said you sent me, remem- ber? That is all. Good-bye. I kiss you warmly, /s/ Your Galina My address is as follows : G. P. Khontuleva ul. Ruzovskaya 9, apt. 8 Leningrad, F-13. This is not far from the Obvodny, where you used to live, next to Moskovsky Prospect and Frunze Department Store, where you went to often before, when you lived here. Commission Exhibit 77 —Continued i 248 < 'it Marina, send me a few dress styles in a letter, for I do not know how to make a pretty dress to wear to dances. Our styles here went awry at any rate, I personally ; do not like the styles of dresses which they are making here now. You even can draw me a few styles. All right? Well, this is all from me for now. "Write about your life, about everything in detail. I kiss you once more, /s/ Galina Give regards to your husband and warmly kiss little June for me. (P.S.) Marina, did you send me some chewing gum in that letter? I received it and did not know what to do with it and so threw it away. Be sure and write when you are sending something." Commission Exhibit 77 —Continued »-536 0-64 vol. XVI 18 249 : i^ew i?Jfl>7/ Wcj s I '^^^ ^jtf' ««(;»*. fc'. Addressed to Mrs. Marina Oswald 4907 Magazine St. New Orleans, La. Trom: G. P. Khontuleva ul. Ruzovskaya 9, apt. 8 Leningrad, F-13, USSR MSjiS''""" ,*'-'«»«»W t 1 •'-« y.,*\ s^.«a Commission Exhibit 77 —Continued 250 ^ /UM^ttUt^ c/o Arthur Young Paoli, Penna. Aug. 24, 1963 Dear Marina, Thank you very much for your letter which I received a week ago. I wa.s very sorry to learn that Lee is not working. It is hard for him and for yon in the mean- while. I hope that he will begin (working) again soon. Perhaps, he has already b^an. It is too bad, you are not in Dallas yet. I found out that you may go to the Park- land Haspital (there, in Dallas), and receive everything necessary and pay only according to your earnings. Those unable to pay do not have to. Commission Exhibit 78 251 •# ^m-Hi. o^ ^^^Ji^ S^-V'tTJlt' '^^je^*4'^c J -s^^tJ •yUu,^CA£<«--' ., -Vft^ I ""ifi"* ^ mj ft-wupi '*> 2££^j>«*i> y2. "7 cn^ >V/A /h/f/^ \ \ _ Addressed to: Mrs. Marina Oswald 4907 Magazine Street New Orleans, La. Return address (partially torn off) (A)rthur Young, (Pao)li, Penna. : Postmark Paoli, Pa., August 25, 1963 : Commission Exhibit 78—Continued 254 9. yv^ij-f^^^m J^%*^4-^ ^r I .rf-C^ >^ ^ *-<<^ CL-i? C^ (Cs/^c-/ C ^-€.^^ ^ *-*-^i-c-«{» C iJ^ /-€^ ^'^ '^^^^ "d-^^C^ i vj '' ^ e. r^-9^ r' c.^ ^ A<-» >-«^l starts on October 1. Before I could not believe .somehow that it is so difficult to find work in your coun- try. I believe they will not deny his request to return to the Soviet Union when he applies to the Embassy, although, they will probably remind him that one should not change continents too often. If you get i)ermission, come to Minsk— first, you both know it and, second, ; it is one of the best cities in the Union. Marina, do not Commission Exhibit 79 —Continued 256 j t-^^t^ .' t-^ *-*-€? fc''«^>c.^c#j» -£3^1-*.':' -^ "/-^ M.r ^ ^^^f "^^^ - '^^p-^ .*'-. V. MMMMh'rMiiMWMM -J^ iiwiwiii ti «i'i I thing will be all right. Write when you will be going and I will meet you. Marina, I will drop over to Anita's tomorrow. Good bye, /s/ Pavel. P.S. Marina, would you bring some records with you. I particularly like to listen to Bern sisters on the radio (is the name correct?). Particularly, "Dark Eyes" in their rendition. Tlien I will re<*ord them on tape. Commission Exhibit 79 —Continued 258 : : A letter addressed to Mrs. M. Oswald c/o Mrs. Ruth Paine 2515 W. 5th St. Irving, Texas From Pavel Golovachov 11 Zaharova Street Apt. 72 Minsk 2, USSR Registered No. 143 rgm, jl. i ,a^,,,,_ , _„ , - ^ ^^-"^ Commission Exhibit 79 —Continued 259 Q fc i^ /'i'-/^ 1 Dallas, Texas, 2 Dec. 1963 I have received the following money, received through the mail, addressed to Mrs. Marina Oswald, through the FBI in Dallas, Texas. This money was delivered to me on 2 Dec, 1963. (1) 80 dollars—cash (2) Check for 5 dollars (3) Postal Money Order for 25 dollars Marina Oswald 2 Dec, 1963 Dallas, Texas Commission Exhibit 80 260 ) 1 .. -^ / I 2^^ y-ziL, Dallas, Texas 20 (sic) Dec., 1963 I have received the following money, received by mail, addressed to Mrs. Marina Oswald, through the FBI in Dallas, Texas. This money was delivered to me on December 2, 1963. (1) 80 dollars—cash (2) Check for 50 dollars (five dollars) (Translators note— the "0" in fifty was crossed out and the "five dollars" in parentheses was initialed — ini- tials appears to be "M.O." (3) Postal Money Order for 25 dollars Marina Oswald 2 Dec. 1963 Dallas Commission Exhibit 80 — Continued 261 : ..x-jtj CL :^igy. ^£i/^ . '^^i=/Z^*^. P!«aXc-g-^i< y^^/. ^^:m^2/U^^>c. U^ct^jAi^ 0/7^ ' jl. / ^. S^d-^M-^;^ J5^ J^^^c. /^^ ^-/J, iiwi-i^ttCiOihJriyli* December 3, Dallas Texas Received by me 1) Check in the sum of 10 dollars from Mrs. A. B. Gardiner. 2) Cash 10 Canadian dollars on the Bank of Canada. 3) Check for 5 dollars from Mrs. Winnifrud Wetzke. 4) Money order in the sum of 25 dollars from J. P. Shaeffer. M. Oswald Dec. 3, 1963 Commission Exhibit 81 262 Vjr-^?x f^i4/ ..-J^vf rn^^yi 2-4r9?i^^ * *??, ^>*-r Michael didn't call to ask about my trip and finally I called him at work since he never was at home in his apartment. Today I'm angry with him and intend to go to New York to look for a lover! — He loves his machines and that's all Give greetings to Lee please, and write me also about diapers and bugs and such homely themes. A kiss to June, Ruth Commission Exhibit 82 —Continued 264 : 7 ^ V^^J ^ - ConrdsBion Exhibit 83 _ Exhibit 83, for Identification. 7^,'^ — Writing on the back of photoRraph young boy with a rocking horse "As a keepsake for dear Marinochka and her family— from Asker or Sashulka — (Aleksaudr) 2 years of age. "8/30/62." Commission Exhibit 83 740-536 0-64 vol. XVI 19 265 Envelope reflecting hotel "Byeloruss" in Minsk. Printing: Where To Whom Address of Sender t /^d 11 'iiiiitariiifaiiiAttMMrti.. M Commission Exhibit 84 266 : : : ^^ 'iWiZir ^-t Envelope postmarked Minsk, USSR from A. H. OSWALD Kalinin St. House 4, Apt. 24 To: Marina Oswald Trinkler Drive House 5, Apt. 7 (Michailovs) City of Kharkov Left-hand corner of envelope ALL-UNION (Sport) SPARTAKIADA ON ALL PHASES OF SPORTS ^^ Reverse side of envelope Inscription "Published by Ministry of Communications, USSR," Moscow. Price of envelope, with stamp 5 — Kopecks. Artist A. I. Shmidstein Commission Exhibit 85 267 : ' "A 0^- PAR AVION •.ra/M, \ %. s qx ^ ' r I a "fTr Airmail Envelope addressed to: A. Aswald 2703 Mercedes St., Fort Worth, Texas, USA. Return address Er. Titoviets 1-11 Leningrad St. Minsk, U.S.S.R. Commission Exhibit 86 268 ^^^^^m^*i^ /?.V?, Airmail Envelope addressed to : Mr. Lee Oswald 7313 Davanport Fort Worth, Texas On this the upper left-hand corner bears a slogan : "Gloi-y to the conquerors of the cosmos!" The return address reads: P. P. Golovachev 11 Zakharov St. Apt. 72 Minsk 29. Commission Exhibit 87 269 : ! IC :f0. ^ftAi^04.i C^ru^i^ ^ ^ru^y^^ijui^ . p e4«oCl& -C^ik^AA^J^ .,Aa4M^^^4A^ T^CC^Kjy^. 6^ w,wy. -.-" '^4^"©ev 6 •'•- y'^j^^ ^^ *«^^ Her girl is growing; right now she lives with her mother and is trying to put her nerves in order. Judging by a conversation with her, she hasn't changed a bit. As before, she likes to exaggerate everything and, just as before, she gets carried away with her own stories. She is sending you her warmest greetings. She expressed a wish to write to you but for some reason I didn't give her your address but tried to skirt around this question tactfully. How do you look at this? I saw Tanya Boltenko and Zaitseva ;the latter is so fat that I felt myself very svelte. Tanyusha is charming. She has blossomed out. They both work in pharmacies and I believe it suits them. Nadya works now at the chemical pharma- CoM MISSION Exhibit 88, 89 —Continued 273 t ceutical plant in the shipping department as a comptroller. As far as I know this work it cannot bring much moral satisfaction but it seems it suits her. Everyhing is fine at home. On Wednesday I am going to Moscow for three or four days. I have some compensatory leave and I am taking it. Most likely I'll go by air. You know it's cheaper than train, since they give 50 percent discount to students. The round trip would cost me only eleven rubles. And I have someone to stay with ; in short this will raise my morale ;better mood and more energy life ; is gayer. I am anxious to get into the Palace of Congresses and the Kremlin. I saw it from the outside but I didn't get inside at that time. Because there was a Con- gress at the time. I will write to you about everything in detail. Commission Exhibit 88, 89 —Continued 274 19 wi^ ^XAJ n iAjij^ Q^y t/^xAAji^ vet/ J >oiX' — a *<^^^' The weather is typically Leningrad weather. At first it snows, then melts, then slush. Dank humidity. Fie ! I am waiting for snow. We rented a room in Toksovo we will ski. You can imagine what kind of skier I am ; !I have "unusual abilities" along this line. Oh well, I'll show you yet! Yes, indeed. Your sister hasn't called me. I am waiting for a letter from you, and, if there will be something for her, I'll visit her. That's how it is, dear girl. By the way, did you know my neighbors? I don't recall. Well a neighbor died. Can you imagine? 31 years old. Nephritis. It's a terrible pity. Ancient grandmothers are still walking and here is quite a young man (died). But what will be, will be and, after all, how weak medical science still is. Commission Exhibit 88, 89 —Continued 275 yn^ ^-^^i* The human intellect reaches into the universe but the man dies because of some miserable human organs. This is stupid. Well let's not talk about this; it sounds like a requiem. And how are things with you? What's new? Where do you go? In short (I want to know) about everything. I am waiting with impatience for your letter with June's photograph. Once more I wish you a happy New Year and raise the first glass of champagne for you. Regards to Alek and June. Regards from all my family. (signed) Ely a Commission Exhibit 88, 89 —Continued 276 Addressed to : Marina N. Oswald 2703 Mercedes Fort Worth, Texas Sender : E. I. Soboleva Pushkinskaya Street 10-111 Leningrad D-40 USSR Commission Exhibit 88, 89 —Continued 277 ^ »w.^^^:<^^^ i^>^^^* ^^^^^ ^^^^"^^ fWOHfii. i 9:30 p. m. July 14 Dear Marina, Oh, I made a mistake. Michael explained to me that deduction ($G00 per i>erson) should be taken out of earnings, not out of the tax. When earnings are smaller, the State wants less taxes. But not $1,800 less, as I wrote. (It is best not to write letters at 2 a. m.) But it seems that Michael would pay $4r)0 less every year if he had 3 more people dependent upon his salary. No, we are not as rich as I thought. But we can arrange it this way if you wish to live with me with your children we would pay you $10.00 a week. : Out of this you — could buy wliat you wish clothes, stamps, etc. But not food. I will buy this and also pay for the doctor, medicines, etc. You do not understand how useful and pleasant it would be for me to live with Commission Exhibit 90 278 -J ' MJit^ty n^M'U, J* ^ ^a/i t V^Tf*^ /i^<^ O'-^^M tA-t!^ *5L« UHdM^^li- . i>^ueMM .^r^rTjj- ,4W f^ciijt )U; ^t you. I want to learn Russian very much, but how can I? It is very difficult to study at home with children and I have little practice. AVe do not have to live and eat like rich people. We can live simply but whole- somely. I would consider that it would cost lue little to buy groceries (food, soap, etc.) and pay for the doctor and hospital in return for acquiring the knowledge of the Russian language, and to get help with my mistakes in speech and letters. Calcium tablets are for you, of course. I found out that when a person eats yeast (?) all day (?) he needs more calcium.* You particularly need more calcium now. Nine tablets a day, please, with milk, if you can. Of course, you need more milk, at least one quart a day, better two. Forgive me for this extra advice. I am anxious to hear news from you. /s/ Ruth *The writer probably meant to say "if a person shivers all day." Commission Exhibit 90 — Continued 279 : /til 1^ /if/^f Dear Marina, I was very happy to receive your nice letter. I was also glad that you went to a doctor and your condition is normal. You told me once that June was born two weeks prematurely, did you not? You are probably right; (baby's) birthday will be about October 8. I am now going to leave from here on Saturday, July 27. We will go to the ocean. I hope that in 5 days we shall be at my mother-in-law's, at Naushon Island. This island is not too far from Boston. We shall be there from July 31 to August 11 (I think) My address there Ruth Paine % (this means "care of") Arthur Young (do not write this) Harbor House Naushon Island Woods Hole, Mass. — Then we will go to Paoli a small town near Philadelphia. The address there until Commission Exhibit 90 —Continued 280 : ) . wrmm^?f^^:''^m^^ffftm Ml J*!*,*- » }f.,. . €4^: y>tV2J.^i^irir^*. ''^ '*^.' 4 ^^i' ^;^ U^aU ^*iUC ^t i^^^ ,fa.f»eAca i^js<-^u* y*<». ae»-iH^ « ^-r«* s .IC*' •y. 10th of September will be Ruth Paine % Arthur Young (it is important to write this in Paoli) Paoli, Penna. From there, on to Columbus, Ohio, where live my mamma and my father. (By the way, I do not believe I wrote to you that my father did not get married in June. The woman changed her mind. Father, of course, was very hurt. (This would offend my father very much.) When he visited me in June, it was already decided that there would be no wedding. My brother and his family live not far from Columbus. We will visit there for a few days and then leave for home about the 17th. What if we come to visit you in New Orleans then? We may come on the evening of the 18th and live (spend?) with you a day or two. Then you may tell me if you wish to come to stay with me for the baby's birth. Of cour.se, I wish very much that you would. I would be very glad to have your company at home and would be glad Commission Exhibit 90 —Continued 40-536 0-64 vol. XVI- -20 281 f %^^ ^^ ^^>-*^ ^*^^^ ^Z*£JP^X -^ JO^.f^tMr '^^ \ .J ""^ O^i ^^. ,^> -^ •*^'- ^'^'^* "" to look after June while you are in a hospital and afterwards, while you would be still weak after your confinement. It would be nice for her (June) here with children in the yard, etc.Our home is used to children ! If you wish to come to stay with me, then we can leave together for Dallas (on October 20, or thereabouts). But perhaps Lee would not let you go. He may feel lonesome without his wife and children. It is also true that a hospital here costs more, as you wrote in your letter. Before, I was looking for a hospital where it would cost less, but we do not have any like that here. Everything, including a doctor and hospital would cost here $225.00. I am very sorry. But we may talk about this personally, may we not ? Please, address me by '"thou" when writing to me (do they say it this way?). Try it. (This is from the verb "to try," is it not?) It would not be as hard for you to do in Russian as it is for me. Tell me please, is it correct to write "Thou" with a capital in letters as you do "You?" I wrote to Ruth Kloepfer about you. She is a secretary for the New Orleans Commission Exhibit 90 —Continued 282 L ZA^-^dn ^t/ I ^ cl^^A^V (^Jmm^^^J cMm::*^k^ 'i^^:**'^^ ^^Ar^^-i^'.^ .i>*3f-»*«t~T. I '- > -- *i/K^/z*<^) a. »i»eyf~ ji^«Um>i*K A^^ Si5« . ^>^- •Ai'li- " :r ^>&6^: ^^/«:rau^<«.'^'*^ . OUi*^ // {'j^- i/ Quaker Church (genitive of "church." feminine?). I asked her if she Imows any Russians in New Orleans. I also wrote to Mrs. Paul Blanchard, Secretary of the Unitarian Church in New Orleans. I also asked her if she knows any Russians there. Perhaps one or the other would be able to find a Russian friend for you. Write without fail. Regards to Lee from me, please. Kiss June. Sincerely, /s/ Ruth. Translator's Note: The sender writes a fairly good Russian, but she is not sure of her grammar hence her questions regarding various word forms. She also gives ; in parentheses pronunciation of American proper names mentioned in the letter. She requests Marina to address her in letters with a familiar pronoun "thou" as is the Russian custom among close friends. (The writer herself uses "thou" in address- ing Marina.) In a more formal letter, when using a pronoun "you," Russians spell it with a capital letter that is why the writer asks if she should spell "thou" also ; with a capital (which is not done, as a rule). Commission Exhibit 90 — Continued 283 : : : .WT^' ,.^r \ Addressed to Lee & Marina Oswald 2703 Mercedes Fort Worth, Texas, USA Sender's Address Ernst T. Leningrad St. 1-11 Minsk, USSR ^ ?/ .IT"** Issued by Minister of Communications USSR May 15. 1961, Moscow. Price of envelope with stamp 5 Kopeks. Artist V. V. Pimenov Commission Exhibit 91 284 «>VV|^ ^t^**Af' /f6 •^ -A< ^^^tjt^..,^:.^^. t? -«rty anerntarjr 1« • 1k*^ «•• la kin mmxXf 40'« — has a laag history mi mtvIm to thn pnfty. mm «••• XvtAm tiM aotivitioa mS the 1,000 coasHuilst party a — r s hw« s Mrfl •«Mr- rniurn aaparvinos the activitios of the other S,000 pooplo aa^l^Nid at tkla Wk^ aatarprlse In Minsk, the capital «f tha 3rd ranking apablta wl^baaaln. tteis factory aaaafactarea S7,000 largo and powerful ratfia aad M>,000 tolovlaiaa «ata in various aiaos and ranges, excluding packat radia«, ifhicdi are not nass prodaead anywhere In the U.S.S.R. It la thl* plant Khieh anafaeturod several oaasole aod e l eonbiBatlon radlopphanagraph televi* ion sets which wore shewn as nass prole of averag* and even slightly better than averag* working conditions. The plum covers Commission Exhibit 92 — Continued 287 • nr»t condition of work In the plant, an otherwise nodal factory, fnr ?h» Soviet Unlnn, due Commission Exhibit 92 — Continued 288 V inun fur wor / i • mplov»d at a fnirlv l»ifj«« rjumbo actorles, eso^ciallv thw war indus- try. Mowovor for civilian us*, their numhar is ^till i« 1 I . \t this plant «t l««st on* work«r is «npioy*d in th* oft«n crud* t»sk of turning out finished, Acceptable itMia. Often one workar Muct finish tb« task of taking Sr edge of Metal eff plastic and shaving th«a en a foot driver lathe. There Is only so aueh potentiality in presses and staaps, no Matter «hat their siso. The lack of tuioaploysent in the Soviet Union aay bo explained by •BO of 3 things. Lack of autoaution and a Boanro«ratie corps of 10 workers in any given factory. These poople axe occupied with tlM toas of paper work which flow in and oat of any factory. Also tho mudMr «f direct foraoB is not saall to tho ratio of workers is soao eaoo 1>10, ia othors 1-5, depending on tho iapor'.aiico of tho work. These poople are also backed by a saall army of oiraoinors, ooMiitteos and sopply checkers asd tho qu^ktity control bo«rd. Tlwso people noabor (without foroisoa) alaoot 100 people, total workiag force S.OOO — 1-50 without foroiMn. To dolwo deep late tho lives of tho workors, WOvohall visit aMt .af the shops one after another and got to know tho people. The lar900t •hap oaploys 500 poople^ B5% woaen and girls; females aako ap 60^ of tha work force at this plant. More girls solder and screw the CH/HStX to the «•» attaching, transistors, tubes and so forth. They each have quotas de- pending upon what kind of work they are engaged in. One girl nay solder 15 wire leads ia 13 ainutes. Tho pay scales here vary but slightly with average pay at 80 rubles without deductinns. Deductions include 7 rabies, general tax, a. 50 rubles for bachlors and utnarried girls and any deduct- ions for poor or careless work. The Inspectors nay care to aako further down the line. They start teaiss of twoh nostly boys of 17 or 18, turaiag the televisions on the convair belts right side up, fran where there has been soldering to a position wnere they place picture tubes onto the supiport*. These boys receive for a 39 hour ween, 65-%l* rubles , not -3- CoM MISSION Exhibit 92 —Continued 289 a with o(>wrait jSmi* huiri«-liv *I Ix i.^Li?'*' ^f^f '»-'!lruj cur ran! •. »n'! w : ; !i drawing th« anappn that fitting out • t«9t«i'« card, pa«« th* •quipmvnt back onto th* convalr, 9p«*d h«r« i« •aaantial. Th« CtMMuitltt party avcratary h«r«, as in aoat ahopa, haa prmiiacd to incraaaa oroductlon by Jvl In honor «/ tha coming and^ ot tha third yaar of tha currant 7 yaar plan. Now tha t«lai»iaiona ara caxriad around tb« eonv«y to go back donrn tha Una whara othara alt to coaplat* th« prao«»», tha aaoka froa tha caraful aoldarlng doaan't kaap tha girls tt^m obatt**- Ing away aad that, coaplad with tha boys at tha and mt th« lias, t*«ti»f th« loudspaaksrs, aakaa far a noiay bot liv«||y pl*c«, with th* ls«|^«r •i girls aixiog with aualc aad ooeasisasl jass pro9«i|fy«lil«h tlM t««t«>* fsvwr fsr pvrsly parasaal rssssna until tha fsrsasa loska his «*y. As »• go aot wa sss erst as «f th« floiabsd prsdtiot with ths wall l uMwi M , "aads in Balarttssis," ats^s. • Ob* of tha aast intsrasting things in ^ssrving ftnaaian lifs aatf cenvantiona, is tha parsonal ralstionshlp to saeh ethari thars sirists a dlseiplinad coaradaship springing froa tha kaowlsdga that in Saviat Saolaty tha fuodsaantal group is tha "Kallaotivs" or intarsbsp graap. Tltssa groups with tha shop or ssetion party ehiafs sad tmtmamtt^ ara tha wsrlds in which tha Russian workars liva. All aotivittas and oaadact of aaabars is dapandsnt upon tha will mt tha "Kollactlva". la tha shop whara I workad, tha axpariaantal shop, of tha Miask Xadia aad Talavialan factory, tharo wara S8 werkars, including tha paxty alM^ saratary, wha is a Coaaunist warkar assignad inta dariiag shap by tha fae- tary Party dtosacav, tha Maatar faraaan, aasignad by tha Shapnpradaetiaa 7a»/fv haad who is assignad^by d»T> %1 tha Diraeter af tha Ractary, a < 1 Jaui a r l»aaa- Tha kay parson In tha shop, as avaryena appraeiatas ia ga»»/f^Af Libasan, 45 yaars old, tha party-aacratary. His background is that aftar sarving his allottad tiaj in tha yttt, bafora Tha war, ha bacaaa a aaabor in good standing of rh*>•«>•. » <> ^f-"^' ''^r that jjob so ha was Msda • military policanan, af^^r 1^o k!,i -tmtint; » this nawly Commission Exhibit 92 —Continued 290 l!W*'-5fc of prop*g*nd« «nri any oth«r odd iot>« t h* i m im«> up, 1 n<: 1 url i n iny to It thftt th*r« at* always anough rad and Mhita algna an.-l slogan* hJMiM •« tha walla. Liabatan holda tha tltla (baaidaa Comiuniat) of )b«ek workar, mt Canunlat Labor}' thla aavawant was atartad undar Stalin a d««ada aoa, la ardar ta gat tha seat aut of tha axtraiM patria«iaa drlv«B lata Saviat ohlldran at an aarly aga. Xndaad, Lalbasan la a •killad •ehaalo and aatal warkar and for hia wmrk Ha raeaivaa 190-140 mblaa >• ••ath aiava daduetiana. Tkla ahap purty aaeratary, taffathar with ttM a«etiM party ehiaf , oaoally aalaeta ««rk«ra f«r tha tltla "•kaek w«rk«r af Oamwiilat Labar." Ttiaaa jMt^l* *r« «wt naeaaaarily 01— III! 11 party aaabara, althoogh it balpa 1« tha a«B« wmy party smMt* •kip halpa U any fM«t •£ llf« in tha U.8.S.R. . |ra«twry aaatinga af tha "KallaotMW" ara m msaarava at ta b« 8ta««ariii0. Taka far laataaea daring ana aaath tha fallawlag aaotlnga aad l«o> t«r«a ara aohaduladt 1 praf. Unlaa; whioh dlaouaa tha work af tha praf. unlaa in gatharlng daat, paying aut raeaipta an vaeatiaaa ardara, •et. (p. M.)t palltleal infaraatlwi (4) avary Tuaaday an tha laneh ha«r|^ Yaaag Cannunlat Maatlaga (3) (flia tha 6 and aiat af avary iwnth) pradaetlaa * ' ' (1) Mida sp mje warkara, dltouaaing waya af iapraving wark| ilat party aaating (3) a aanth oallad by tha aactlaa CMMNRlat party 8a«.t tha aohaal 9f Caaatlniat labor aaating ^}ea«pulaary) avory Wadnaa- div, and apart! aaating, 1 a aaatb, n»n<<«Ma(a££Mt>t a tatal mt 15 aaotinga a aaath, 14 mf which ara eoapulaary far Coaauniat party aaabara and 13 emi' palaary tmx all athara. Thaaa aaating* ara alwaya hald aftar »ark ar an tha lunch haur. Tbay ara navar hald an working tiaa. Abaontoiaa la by tf aaana allowad. Aftar long yaars af hard dlaciplina, aapoeially undar tha Stalin raglaa, no workar will Invlta tha aura dlaeiplinary aetlan mt tha party aan and inavltably tha factory party'^bacauaa fev trvtlng ta allp aut mt tha way ar giving too llttla attantlon to what !• balng >ald. A atranga sight indaad la tha pictur* of th» local party ^n dalivar- l»g a political saraon ta a group of uauallv robuat aimpla working wan Commission Exhibit 92 —Continued 291 St ntl» any bonus-nAking CAtch of i tia t 1 1' it i wt>n(>«^ 'ni t ti» D« i t >f Anv workar; • aad sight to «nyon« not uB*d to it, hut t h« mmason*. Mr* phi i*4ot>hicaI . "Vair S*^ th« l*ctur*7" "Nobody," but it* compulaorv". Coapulsorv •ttamSanc* at factory M«*tinga lan't tha only way to form apentanaoua d«aonatrationa£' 'fha "great October ravolutlon" dcmonatrat lona , th« Hay day dMi«natratlona ara all farmed In th« aama way. At wall aa apMitaa- •«ua aaatlnga for diatinguishad guaata. Tha wall organized party sen ark utt the iMuaea af tha hundreds ef werkers appreved te arrive at a certain place at a given time. N» cb*lce, hewever .aaall, la ^l^ft te the «iacretien ef the Individual. -^^ £}[M/i'>^^ '^^^ fjM^//' Per a geed cresa aectian ef the Ruaaian werklng claaa I 8ii99*at we axaalne the Uvea ef aese ef the 56 werkers aJid 9 feraaea warkiag la tha experlaeMtal ahep ef the Minsk radio plant. This place is laeated la the aldat ef the great ^at/km^g plant which predacea aaaa •/ the baat kaewa radlea aad TV's In the Seviet Ualen, llw ahep Itaelf la lecated In a twe atery bnildlag with aa partl- flttlaz aetleeable aark aa ita red brick face. At MO tharp, all tha varkara fehaa<-atfBivad aad at the aeund ef a bell aaaaded hy the datjr artterly, «ha la a worker whose duty It la te aea te it that the varkara 4a aat alip eat far toe aaay aaokea, they file npstaira, axeapt far 10 tanMra aad lath eeeratars wheae aaehlaes ara lecated an tha first flaar. Hark iwra la oivaa eat la the fora of bluepriata aad drawiaqa by tba fara- •a Zaaaf aad Jr. fareaaa ^ /pyt^A . te workers irtiese variaaa raliability aad skill calls far thaa. alnce each worker haa witb tiaa •Ofairad diffariag skills and knewledge. Work is flvon strtttty M tsri- iati ta sa-callad 'pay laiMla", the level a belno awabared 1-S aad tha lltjlhast level "aaater, for laval ^n* {\) • mnrvi raceivea apf»raKiaata- ly M rabies far wark^ levels (a );a worker raceivea 79.50^for tbrao; to mblea^fot fear; 105 rublea far five; 129 rubles aad tmt aaatera about ISO, Tbeae levels of pay vary alight ly bocauaa workers rocoive a basic pay of, for let laval, 45 rublv« atvf ttonuaa* bringing the total ta Mt rublea, Incln'"'"? 'ductia"* • • - ' - • - -.-•» «• ^"^ rublaa. i -o'>i 'ji. «:• al - Commission Exhibit 92 — Continued 292 nay cl«iB«n:'' t bcI far • highpr pav papalatM« tho city at tbo oad of tba aad tfOHLO MM. Liko aaat Rnaalaaa thoy aro wara hoartod aad •l^>lo but oftaa •tabbora aad untraatworthy Tba Ufa of tho "Kolloctlva" or rathor iator-lifo, aiaco it oftoa toocboo upoB aoro than juat tho work, la tho aoat rofloctivo sldo of tho eoaplox workiag of tho CoHBuaiat party of tho USSR. It la tba rofloctlon of aasa and organisod political activity, docidlng tho actiaali of o^ ory individual and group, placing upon aocloty a eourao, ao atrlct, ao diaclpAlnod, that any prlvato deviation la Intorprotod Aa^ political doviatioa and tho onfnrcod coarao of act an ovor tho yoara haa bo- i th* naat Conor «>h«n« Ibl » •ducaters, a most phenoalnal nature, one lapanviOas to outside inter forance or sounds. -•- Commission Exhibit 92 —Continued 295 11* 1 I »t lent 1 v»ii' watchful party »»cr#t«rv anO •mb#r« of the Coi«muni«t p*rtv. Thi* )« ottly saen in political information or Cf/nTlf^A CCPttf^^'T'* r t v flir«rti./.i reading*. At than* time* it !• b*«t to curb on* ' t natural boiatrou* and lively natur*. Under the 6' by 6' picture of Lenin, founder of the Sevlct State, the p>«rty section aecretary atanda. 'A^ our akfl9 ^ ^. iddle aged poched man by the naao of < i€>E/tHit>i , " «veraoe l**kiMg en wearing glaasoa, his wrinkled face and twinkliag eye* give •«« the iMpretaion that at any Moaent he'a g»ing to tell a racy atery t funny j*ke, but he never aaiwl Vaepla' a ilitia," aay aaa wha ar^aa ay be aubjaot ta elaaa iavaatlgatlaa later aa, mm— thiag ta ba atraldad ia aay paliea atata. Xa ra«0hly tha aaaa way, a 9t)l aajarlty •! thm «*tlag papulatiMi I*a4 MM is always AisMlad lata vatiag *» tba aaa esadidata fan^aaa pMt, sas party ayataa, ia tba Saviat Uaiva. Ba/ara Stata, Kapublic, as eity slaetiaas, a '/#»/ ^'^^b^f * cslls at tba rasldsM* af aacb aad ia tba eityiba iaqsiziss rs9ardia« tba sMbass •/ ali«ibl« «»t«cs(«»tia« aps tbra««bM»t tbs UttB ia Sixtsaa ym**) *t*t •mm, etTt. pis«s af warkK Ha ias«raa MHitbat all alioibla vstara ra aad b«r ts vat«.) Ma eaa ai^lsla «Im wra tba eaadidstaa, IM U farbiddwi by Istir ^•jSSii^ *•* «m t tbs stbar, aad tlM prsspsstivs vatsr tbst bis tmrn will bs as tbs vstlap ragistsv^ Isostad at tba psll,«bi«b bs daat aiga bafara vatiat ^ aaerat ballat. M tba vatiaQ pall aftsr aigaiaQ tba ragiatar, a paraaa raeaivas s aatiag list witb tbs aaaas af all eaadidataa far diffaraat pasta. s Bsy aitbar plaea aa X asxt to his ebsioa ar atrika aat say aaaa ba daaaa*t lika ar writa ia aay aaaa ha witfMa, aaaaa writtaa lata tba ballat ara eaaatad bat aa aaa eaa ba alaetad ta «B» paat «#|woke there were two of the group dead and the others am awav,* Sore- ly a revolution of spies and iaperialists I jibed. A picture of • different sort is that rur bv ^i(^{^**^'*-** . Commission Exhibit 92 —Continued 299 lo"...r»' . r M • .'.iir-.iKi t h.. war. Varrifd Cor t#n ve- i cnilcirpn;Ag«d ^4 he A 4^ *•» • h.wW '•'-- •-'>'". v-.«hv •v^-Hrow. . profu»« •traw color»d hair, h» nakos 115 rubles a month, liv*'- fairlv wall, own* a t«l«viiilon, radio and r«frig«rator in hia two ro«»w flat with n«ighb«ra who shar* kitch«n and bathj A v«ry good arrang«M*nt for tho Sevlot Union. Ho paya 15 rublos a Bonth ront , haa a aiddlo •obeol oduoatlon, had flnlahod a aotal workora couroo at AM night •cbool at tho nighrachool facility sf tho University in 1956. Ho hM boon working at this plant to4 5 yu». A skillod trndonuui, Im la roapoctod and is a Boabor of tho ahop produe*imi oa— i tt— » |M- eeamaiat^ Ho boliovaa ia tlM i^W/^^i «f tha ^rtr aa da alMSt all Jteaaiaaa. Hia habby la fiahing en tba banka mi tba llttla mmk Mar hia baa» teriag tba aoMMr. Bvary Mraiag ba apaads 90 alMitM mm a baa eaalag to wark, thia la tba aaat laeonvoaiaat aapaet of bia •tbanriaa alapla aad avaraga 11/a. Daaa ha bava as w ay , paraanal b«- lai«laoaf ^ aaaay. bat X hava aa apartMatf that la tba taat tbiag la ll/o. Pooplo hava baaa kaaaa ta da add, avaa aaUMAil thiaga to gat avaa a llttla blcbax aa tba^waltiag lUt aaeh aa fakiao tba aaaarahlip mt a baby ar t«a ta gat apaelal rating. Tba apMlag of apartaaata baaaoa la always daao with a graat daal af gaate and praparatlaa. Zadaad^far tba lucky ono ' s^ raealvlag tbalr ardors on rooao and ^lats, it la a big aaaaat, a aaMBt oalalaatlag tfrM ymmxm mi vaitiag aad aM«r>y*»ra «f aaalpalatloa, tba loeky tmm gat tha word to aavo out mi tbalr old quartara, uaaally ono raaa la ablaag boildiags, built aftor tho war, which aro aoatly to ba latar t«ra dawn. Aa saon as * nawly built heuso is roady, onough to support tba rmah df happy hoao ownors, it is aponod avan thaugh thair aay nat ba light flxturos or toilot aaats just yot. v*hat doos that aattarl. la 19«0 thoro^aS^ 3,976,000 living placoa built in USSRi USA, 1,300,000 laeluding HawaiA and Alaska. Oao aan whoao faaily rocoivod^aot iaag ago ai«M»t ia (y^fti^S At our ahop a aaator, a ahoak workor and a coamnlat for aany voara, ho is alaast 60 yoaro old. Now with dark but groying hair, long noso, and protruding chock bonos. sot undor vorv eld and «r*lght*d oyoa. Commission Exhibit 92 —Continued 800 JTur . ,•' : . , . dra.''t r«main«cl in Nln«K with hi*, wife wh^n t h» i»rn*n» »rrlvi«'1, i <» h*r* for 8 montht until iltoa» things go^ too hot for him, *• '. ^or oat ot th* raMAlning populMtion who didn't support th* Goriuns out- right, ho flod Into tho doop pin* foroat with hla wifo wh«ro ho corvod with tho faaod Ouotilla fight or •} •• la woll knowa thoao p«af>lo bald •»«t of tho territory of Bolo||ruaala during tba antira 4 yaara of aecupatlon by tha Oarn*no o/ Minak ami othar palnta in Balaraaaia. <^<** ^y 6Ri%ifi . in talking about tha war rallad tP ^» •!••«• aad ahawad aa two urailataKabla aoara - bullat halaa. Mm* talltiim abant Mlnak during Qaraan aceupatian, ana faala a triekla tsnnia^ allwlv tha naok. Tbara waa a ohiMMy in Minak, ba aaya, naxt ta tlM craawtOiiMl. Tha MMka frea tbat obiaaay waa aa blaek a* daath day aad eAoht, >i9l|t aad day, tha asoka af tbat balding ^ianay navar atappad riaiaf vtmt tha ruiaad akalataa vt Minak. 90S a^aad ta tb« graond, dsriag tHa «»? witb aaly thraa aa jar bolldlnga atlll ataading aftar tka awr, «pira kaaaa, gavaraaant hooaa and 4di«reb. Thaaa bnildinga, all tmmupx tka Chttxtfi, witieh ia aaw elaaad, axa atill la naa. 3AJfP''TP'^ ^Tha raoewatructian int Minak. ia aa Intcraatiag ctaiy raflaetla« tha eauraga ^f it a baildara. Xa a tatalit««ian ayataa graat t%X9m% eaa ba braught inta play undar rigid eaatrala aad aupf>art. Tha •# tba Ruaaian "•yftaivaiitf'' ia taatiaany to that. S« alaa ia tba raault «f tba raeaaatructlan af Minak aad athar citiaa vt tba USSR. Thia ra- eaaatruetian ia atlll, in part, going on but tha daaig^aad atr«ct«ra «f tba city alraady^givaa no idaa vi tha oonditian ^f tha capital af tba lalarttaaian stata in 194S. Only 16 abort yaara age.td* •reMta«t«nl punning aay ba anything but aedarn but It in tha aannadLf alaaat all Rliatian eitloa. '^(Hritli tha ftlrpart aarving at Itt aaatcrn baaidary «a find a Ur«« tpraadaat tawnahlp In atn*«aranea, 1 ctty.anly. rh# aVvtlao ptacadd •Ifh f«t(«fy fn^m^ and ehlnhay* h>tta«* it* ln<eli"llas b^^rlfya Its itta^Pl^ baekirround, ^>t)cnshIJ>*>X^sa7 In ny^i^^p^iM^ beeause, the tallsst bxtllding hers is l uus s flajtkinn Mi s which is oTsr 2 miles lon^ and ths only such iiuiin ' - - » — BU -gs lipiuspw ul IWliu , * J in «|M rspublies^all nthsr streets are narrow rOok laid strsstaaeurtrlnc through ths olty like wmSim of stons bsasMA^off ths main strsst ut ^ hs othsr end, by extsnsirs |krk|s^|S}s dssipi and eontsad of tills proypset is Tsry rsflsotiTS of ths (.this oity.fcoa north to south of this stralf^t as an arrow of ths olty in* eludss In ths first two milss.ths osntsr of ths oltjr. Hotsl Nin#|r and ths Main Pe0t Offios. Ths hotel was built In )tlf I--ndleB d"' mil c^rlnr In «nrt out ->f the rlty,f'Jl''.t In lo-'5 It hoB u colunea Pt Ita entrance In '"he Oree)- style. Next d-^wn the prospect /re » clothing at ^re^hllcrene atore . ^.e centrnl novle r.^ uae, the beet one In Kin^ aeptlnr 4 >0 people In 8 enroll unventl'' < ted hull. Next t'^ it stands a shoe atoi^ acsoss fron It :the central >e«aty ahnp.the rain drujr at-^re and a toBfrsnon (Ruaalon food store) furniture ator^'Jhe Mlntstory of InternalAffalrs whose boss Is tough military Colonel^Nlcknley Al^onof of the "peoples mllltla".he holds the titfel m4Mt*«*>of Znteimal Affairs «i>round the enimer is hie iT^ilrrlir'Tir **" KGB eoaal^wfor Inteimal Security, (Intellipenpe and Secret polie4r J^r^ee frop ^tttte is the ever njtsauA crowed crospect/ book shop Dcroaa fr-^m this is the even amre crowd*dit»8terunt .one of five In the cly where for two rubles p pers-^n can ron buy 'rled tounsr or plates -"f chicken with ootetnea "nd fried osbbaee Instead of Just the "KotletsT brend and around meat nattles/ or ^JiAaitt^ ^^'^^ >f**7!l9(j more meat and less bread %i> and beef steak nuref f^r-^und beef oattlea ^f served with potatoes ^nd cabbiJije «nd sometlme/niacoronly •re always served in workers dlnlne: room/end stand up op fee for 1^ they open at night), ^t aome^tlme^sweet rolle, coffee, «rtd fall fruits, spladennd tomatoes can also be bought. ^2\ Commission Exhibit 92 —Continued 303 13 Kop<>rKi « prrson c«n huv unwriipp»d hr^4<1 (whitv) fi>i roll* of dlff«r«nt ktnd«, 20 kopeks bl«ck brvad ( feh* hlack brr«< is twlc* at l«rg* « th« whit* is, therefore ch«sp«r*Vnd more in d«- and. Also black bread remains fresh for an exceptionally longer ti«e due to the hard crust. . Across txmk this bakery sh*p is the confection place. Her* la a kid's dreanland of sweets and ehoeelate, altheugh o»A»g to its diaitedhobelat* e*sta 4 tiaes as aach • i» the US (far fear ouacea MM Huat pay 60 kapaoka. CSiaoalat* ia MMh in daaand aiaea Ruaalaaa hava a vioiaoa awaat taath. Hara tbara la alwaya a orawd. Puxthaar dtoim «a o««a to tha aaly Dapartaaat atora la Mlaak, tha "MM", whiok iwaafl "Stata Uul\)tttk»L Stara". )^mf aaa aay bajrhaaythiao ••Id la tte aaallar apaelaliaad ataraia* algat aa tha Hat tmt ra/rl««r«t«ffa. '»—M elaaaara, aad avaa oaxa, aaaa •€ vhleli mtttm eaa ba ban^t aay> lis aill. a»M •iMra a«trlfl«it. tiM wait lad li«t 'u rafrigaratlaaa 195a-5Vls tte«a •anttMt tkiMt tvt o aaaaa olaaaars. ^ar eara tha waltlae Hat la Ana 6 aaatlM tak yaar dapaaAlag apaa alileh af tka thraa axlatiaf W4V4 J%^^ MriMB aaa «*» a 4aaa payaaat aa. TIm "Waakavleh" , whleh eaata *,fOO vOiikmt iM soraaMad «• ka tlia baat, — tiM taaltiag Hat ia alaaat a tut ttet} iwwva* tlM "Viatacy*' Md •HMl»*' ar* • Httla •aa aaa wpagt It aftar aaly a • ar 7 aaath aalti eara ara a* laaa ta acdaa, iMra. Ilwtr atylaa ara aat vary lapraaaiva. ttm lUbylaaka lila a feta aa aliaala, altlla tha vialta iaaka Ilka a IflM alUali^ tlM^lu alMt It la aadalad aftar, -Aaaxleaa"^ Matarayloaa aad talavlaiaa aata aaa, haaavac, l»a baatfht aa tfea ^at for caady eaah. A oaad high paaarad aatareyftla caata SIO rablaa aad ttoit qaallty la apt ta ba battar thaa tha aara eaaplaa aataaabilat tatavlaiaa aata east aaywhara fraa tO rablaa far a 6 iaeh by « laA •araa a t* SSO mblaa for a well aad* television af 23 Inch* scraaa. Othar aadala, light table aadala, eoat 190 and 143 rubles. Hara raady aada aaits m( rough aaterial can be bought. The ch*ap*r, a double broaatad blua for 110 ruble* or a better aado throe button suit for aSO rablea, aaik Jacket costs 40 niblea orH^ir of pants for not laa* than Commission Exhibit 92 —Continued 304 T*.f-ft Stalin ,ou*r<. ««nr^ of t h«> c*r.tr*l Just b#for# w« con* to t h«» PAoi^e<.T w* find the tno "/9t/ 7t) /»>>» Ty dUtrlCt .long th« , or stand up c«f««. Th«i« c«f«« »r« loc«t«d across th« prospect fron MM snotlwr, ths iW7ht.#y ^«^ AWBBvi'tructurs is sxsctly ths ssm in •sch, both plaeos sorwo tho ssjm dishos at ths ssas pricss. vrtiy thoso wors ot built at oppoaito onds •/ tho ee^tr^MA tj Ur^J^r m^ Kkttit Ifit t€im^ / tmt instsnc*. is not lcii»«ii. Althouoh it would mt ocoroo bo mmrm eoo- woaioat. Tho ro«seo is thst itm sxchitoctursl plans far all tho iff tho Saviot Uaioo. <«BiBO diroctly /ro# Noacaw, whleh, aa aw iMoiM. la a big raapeaslbilityyk«« siaeo, in ho VSSB. mtm paya U* ^^ AM ;?# 9ttf**»^ ^ >f a aiatako with aiM's haad it aaaas that tho logical roaaao, ia that ia b»il4iag tho atroot aa it ia tho aiif«>laat, «•* t^rafaxo aafMt way. Aa*thor ehara«toriatie and iatarostiag atraetura ia Miaak ia th^ trad* oaiaa bvildiag. Th*s houaoa aa aoditorioa, offieaa for tka txaia- iag aad costtniag af tho aaatoor groupiwhe porforo horo porio4ieally mt a aaAll daaco hall. IDora mm not, aa •mm alght aasvaOfi^offiM •£ My txado oaioa. thay tfa aat aadat aa «o kaov thaa.^aiaea atrika* m aagatiatiaaa fa* highor pay or bottor aorkiag eoaditiaaa ara aat allawad, af eaaraa; auggaatiaina aay ba aada by aay oarkar hat thaaa all ara haadlad throvgh tho local Coawiaist factory oeaaittoa aad ara paaaad alaag or ohalvad aa it aaita tho cMwlttoo'a^ Aa iapoaiag atruetaro, it looks lika a Orook taiplo with figaroa atap tha V atapad raaf aappartad by largo whito aarblo colaaaos all aroaad. Haoavar, a alaaa laak rovoala aat l^kod Oroak gods but, fraa loft to right, a mutmtt coaplat o Tdth aoopo, a bricklayor holdiag a baekat, a aparta aaaaa in track 8ld#a> aad a ooro syobolle stmctura of a aaa te a daabla braaatad auit haldiag a briof caso, oithor a baroaorcraf ar aa iatallactural ^apparoatly. Hm root of tho prosopoct for tho roaaialng ailat Is oneloaad with tha •• faailiar s<|aaro shapod S storiod apartiont houses i^it aay bo that at tho prosoat tiao «<» of all living is ia apartooats. Ia ao yoara ^'M af all living quarters will bo in thoso oany storiod barraeka. baildiog apaV ! i" ^^^ swing, although at tho 32n(! coitgross. Commission Exhibit 92 — Continued 305 I'ibl that ('..T ^ .-»- .,'.„. ,.. , .,yi-fir^ oniv «-.»rj»i iiiportant r.>.;lrcts wiil r,* allowed to b« began in order to glv» a chanc* *» th« conplvtion of aites already started, thia ia not the enly reason, for the denand for raw Materials and prefabricated parts far exceeds the supply and in desperation Krushchev called a halt to the I ceastructloM plans of the present 7-year plaa^ This tfK — »i^et- f paelally on apartaents^for which there is a dl«« aaad. Mast factory workers da nat caasidar thaasalvaa ia llaa far aa apartaaatevaa^if tbay are oa tha list far at laast 4 ^ara. UmIx ••tlaataa are based aa experleaca. ' __ At tha aaad party Caagraas Krushehaf, ia hia 7 lM«r key aata ^' •^••ch.k'far all practical purpaaas, tiM aaljr apaaoh, alaea all atiMca fallawad ia x^o^mT' mt tha flrat up—^} ravaalad that la IMO 700,000 p««pla la tha Savlat Uaiaa wast ahraad. Thla U a fTMa mmt- •atlaata, laeladlaf aagiaaars aad tachaleUaa aaat ahra^kd, wiileh Mte ^ MK af thia tatal. All athara ara dalaoatlaaa af Xat«llif«M •tudaata, all aelaatifle «varkar«« tha aso»O0O "taarlat" alka 4» -rirtt \ fm 9» m^ttma ara oaraftally aalaetad fraa api»lloaata, tte Mia ««q^«it« i»t "!• h« layal aad palitieally prapaxadT" Any aathw at mx pUmt mmhi apply f«r a tawriat trip aadar thaSiatltad mmlbm r«l*/ apply iae ta 4al««atlaMtf«r 140 niblaa ha caa 9a ta Chlaa far tm vaaka ftw Nlask ar fav to nibl aa 0a ta Chakaa lavakla ^fw wmn it ha paaaaa «h» M^laitiaM ha caa avaa o«t ta Saglaad, tha hit«h la (1) that ha aaat ha Oi'd by tha Caaa-Jigi||||c ; (3) ha auat aceaaat far tha f, aiaea apaoulatiaa is act allaaad ia tha OSMi (») ha Mt hasM" bahiad elaae relativaa, preferably a wife aad childraa, aa aathar aad father; this last ia actaally the aaet iapartaat. Tha Raaalaaa haaar that a parsaa will aat ardinarily leave a d«la«atlaa ar «raap aT taarlata ta saak asylua if he knews he'll aever saa his family a«aia. I aat allva anyway. Individual tourist who go abroad wbaa aad whara thay Y aaat ta, baeause of their own desiref afta unknaan ia the Saviet Ualaa. Passports abroad are Issued only after a 6 aoath #JAVf/Sr.Hf .>^ir.^>-.^. »>v the K.a.H. Commission Exhibit 92 —Continued 306 V4A«r cities Bl,-nr the Southern border of the Ud3A fr'^n Mold-vie ^-^-^ t- Intla »re forbidden without « paas, all cer«, trucks nnd other ^lv»te vechlefi pre atoppad at police check p->int« tAvtbea* ai^aa. tr«ln snd plane and bua t*r»lnfl« %t^ n-^t ellowed to sell tickets to these placet without b«ftBf( ahown • paasport or b«lnr ahoim a »lld pass^M*^ whose owner* addreaa la In the forbidden city, parsons slready llvlne in these cltjes nay travel freely t" and fir«B them, however, *hey foay not hrlni? '^ther* In with out passes; passes are (riven out by the loc«l K. & B. of flees and one nost apply directly t-^ It. It may be ezplalnM that In the Eastern Surpoean e^lfrtoa all eltirens upon rs'-ehlnc; thM ape of 16 years are Riven a ^a**"^' - -^ passport* -^r Identlfe'eatlon papers. On the first pare is • foto and personal infronatlon, on the following ** pai?es ,arst{tlaee« for ttM x^lst^lag of address/ this IneludM^ rented rooas. on the VMSX four iMges are places for eaklng A patloular re^irks tS to the eonduct of the cariejf, j^ place better kept blank the nMtt ^ tfegpse pagss are for registering the places ^f work .then the next pcjee is for laarriage lleenss and divorce stains JEhese ^sMSprts" . are changed for a saall i^itfH every five years, a lost passport h« r^lae^ after a sh^rt Investagatlon for 10 rubles, all p«PSoM rsgardlsss of Rationality wre r«(ulred to carry these 0f4lljuf(% In «J« Soviet Unlon^iT* alV«^ marked on the paasport, for Instance a 0])|i{ranlen is Prj^Jrrinuian a Jew is marked Jew^<=n lmmlrr»nt is msrked as to place -'f birth, as in the cases --f the many MasaA^e in the tJ.S.SvR. also in thc^a<^ee .n«BWHf£Bi»-«l»«a4jLl Commission Exhibit 92 —Continued 307 , Hnrked fnp B -eclBl renrrks «ilnted such aa, Carloa Ventera, born in BuerPB Alrt^a, 193'*, resident Buen»a Alrea till 1953 occupation «aB»-etudent Icralrrated t- U.S.b.R, 1956. Thlfl Is enouch tc Inaure any and*'whn reoap m that Carloa , al-nr with any ntt.er nt his fello%f Imnlrrants will be riven the proper treatment and attention, . n that he never pete to far nway fr'^tn hie rec^istered address , orilt^#fNl to-^ hlph at his w^rk. But otherwise IrnlPTontfl In the U.S.8.R. B^'fev French, Sponinh, and Eastern Eurppsan^i(x-e treated with nore respect than the Russians treat each nher. pnrtloulery In the matter '^f >>elnf ownrded on ppartment any imnlrrant, n'^ matter how unlnp'^rtant he may have been In his native country has much less t-^ worry about «« <"'^nsej|lh.nf: ''ettlnr pn apart-ent and beint; BBBlrned t'^ w'^rk «i his vn4M» h-^rn c-^nterport^ this is part '^f the natl-'H wide drive t« Impresa «11 fortsnjmers ps to the hlp;h level of life In the U.3.3.R. Twelve miles outside of Moscow Is a "show collective UPm for for«lgnt taurlst who ask to see a penulne overaRe collective fj||p(on it is almost every Inoglnoble help t'^ tcan possible, Including «ut©- natio milkers, feeders, even automatic floor cleaners. The collective farms at this place along with their conterpifrts at the same w^ Jfitt^y of place uipfc. south of LelnRrad^lAiBiBim well built apartment houses with food and clothing stores built rlrht int-^ the first flo-rs. for the benlflt of everyone who d-esn't wnnt t '-e duped^I •Ul9;««t rnu take the Koncow to Brepnt hl-f-ws;- f r :'* nilee until you C'me to nesti'ech l»h»tTr'b.v'«ayinr r'^r^ctl-^nn y-^u mn In five nlnutes ftn<1 n r^ai elective 'rr, n vinpn.e " the snaT* y^UrV Commission Exhibit 92 —Continued 308 mi/if jaM«- Pnd Bcrape wnr>n houses, seen tJ-rourh-.ut the Soviet Union end .'•'thourh Ite 50 nlnutes forn the Kremlin It ncean't hove electreclty r rp8. Inelfie jjluminlnfT ie "nknown ond the only autometlon la that JOI^lth e broom. There ere 45,000 collective fnrrcB in the Soviet T'nlon of these types pb well ns 7,i^00 Stpte farms run*by the fovemnent. Conectlve fprraers»'number f-fi.5 million people «• ^^ . ?l,**jl{ of t>^e total population. v*- --—- True, the collective fawners may own chickens or plj^^r ev«n / a cw, as well as his -^vn piece of land, usually 4 of on ecr«, but y I the Isolation »nlu8ey ea it la for ell —— -*"^"' ohlldren tg» to the a«?e of Eieturlty^thet la up to the »f^ when they x^ciere their paesporta, sixteen. Public achools are In ?reneral ^box ahaped 3 story aff alis^with -nof partlealar decloratltai. teaehenreeifteve 80 rublea a aflnth In these reneral educational • ina%lttitloi«'dlaclple fr i the atudenti viewpoint la 8tron«.«t«*Miiiaw^ achool at ? yeara he la taue»r rsther nadc bookish then Anerlcsr.a. Since noBt voren u^rk fir n llvinc In the U.3.3.R. (with or '/Ithout hun^ondfl) they usually 1-ove their n-m-schooi pr- children in the core ->f the local "chllrtrens f-rden" these ore hle-hly or»ran- ired TBTT S fnmffii 't a ii a fffir s i frre centers for chlldrene. Here babies '•re fed and cared frj their health is checked .-erlodicotly by doctors; diets are recomaended snd baths civen ell f-r 30 rubles a n-nth. Younf- children are given pre-sch~-l preparati-in by trained day school teachers wh^ recieve 5? rubles o m nth In ..oy. A ulrsctor of such a school mRy recive 1^ rubles c mnth '',050,000 . children in ,.' fcJUf c^Nirt lii^»* nr/tf «»«5**4iw#c^ 19oO|r After the UiJL Incident -m Kry 1, 1?60 and the following exchanres oetween the Anerlcan -'"vemment.'^^nd the Soviet goTernnentSjPreraler Kinaschev invited then President BlsenhowfT to come t-5 the Soviet Union -nd become a director ^f one of these "chlldrene fardens". Since, he said \r. «> B>>eech "t the KrlnlHin in July 1960,J?(^eBn't >now how to r''^r\ his country. Public core centers for younr ^^nd. old rrp pn estoblished orlncl.';le In '"he U.3.3.R. th^ufl^nda '-f ne^t h'^n^n .ppnltoriuino and: hospital fl are acattej around the Block and Cnaclon SecSjthe "renort pri«»* of the Soviet Union. ffir any -^rker to r-et a rea^rvntlon for -ne off these places he should op>ly to the fm>c » cw l t for a ^ g f99t^tmkB ->' ->r ticket reservation .after showlni? thpt he has the riltht to hie three weeks vncati-^n, (30 or ye f r ..ers^ns enrp-eci In dancer'ue occupationi-ir ralnint') .Se m«y uy tie "PetovVno* fror. lan^k t the Blrck Bep^Yrltn ret) rt .rea^r r * . rec w.-ke /* T ^ c s tf','0 t 1"> rM-leS, . e. • Ir. - "sm f f^- .-vice '.'pI c Commission Exhibit 92 —Continued 310 f^ If P "ember -f the trade unions { b wrrker/ tim% \% nf hie p«y epmlnp; oi f?uen e ra nth) he ney -nly hevc tn pry 50^||f the total c-^tjlf It iB at a trade union biillt hr>uee of rest nr Republleln San 1 tor luB^^ni^anM at theae placea Included three cood *"'*''^ ntalB a day the •'tenl-^n '>f d^ctore and nurses ^mmSSmsiS "fld salline facllltlea, private beaches and BJriiiiMiiili'inii »nd all neoessatlea. More iB->de«t ]»i«liKm3]|0 can howerverjc ford Jounles t'> re«t hotM0 nearer home. In the ease "f Kln^l!:, tf> XMNMMf located in pine ^Wwthree hottrs froa Xiaj^k 4^ here the Sj^ne eerrleee olnue the be«ehe«jfr«dt mcA etm e«n be hud for ae little ee 25 roblee for two weeke. 0^^ reet bosee lnel«^Ui Ll-^Tod and Itamek located 100 aUee nontt^^eet of Xlo^ on the ctr^ree of 20 Bile l^^ng lake Reroeh.deeg^ la the piae foreet of Beleruatla Jfhere bare-huntiag and flchii^ ttui b* bfld ee veil •• Vim ueuel reet bone aerrleee for 35 ^r ^ rubliM by mjr itoHeere wboae juiWhin ili^r ^e only le fi£SSrie%oM- tinMleek of epaee, eepeeielly In etiRaere^but that ie iwt en obeteele «d ^M) i^ir> pla^e in adranee. Rueeian workere ell ways teke -"-r* « •#r«itt*fre of theee cut price* and fairly i?ood eervieet to ewsepe iSKkmW^mm *J^ Au«t nf Mwi i faetoplee at least for a while any- "* htm ©epltal of Selomelen h*e 12 Inetitution* of hlfher X^miei^km U^VsOAm e imiTertftfy end polytwhnloel instit«ttea. fk«M iaetit«tloB «e% eafreged in turning otit highly ^mSSSt •peeieliet for^tUtioael ecoaoay. The elty hed bae fllf «ec'>ndery jBolleiree jVocetloaal and factory achoole. These schools teeeb a rlfloue 5 year course of voc«ti'>nal pnd political subjects. 'M (. Commission Exhibit 92— Continued 311 ^ ,flve ymr ooar«« -"f vr.c»tl«ii«l Md pnlitlcl»l sublects. "--Ttrt,r fir students "re l-^csted ns»r thslr resr)ectlve Inetltutes, non- residential eturtenta live here. ^ Often these numbers exceeds the rooms and many have t'^ rent rooms In the city. All imoms 15-15 feet house 5-6 students with Just enoufih rc^o to »llow metal beds to be placed around the walls and a table »nd chairs In the middle there Is not room enoui* for clossjs so clothlnp; is kept in suit- cases under bede. Here, except tayiJagthe three-month summers Taction, students live and study for 5 yesre. Common rooms with stoles, ere also located at the «&«• of 1 room to 8 student living ^uaters for QtSSSa^the cleanllnes of linen, and rooms as well as the « jrrtiJM* entire donaitorj thlltft mmmw* the students. The number of students in the U.8.8.R. in 1960-61 was 2,396,000 U.S. figure 1,816,000 or 102- per 10,000. Xl students In higher educational Institution re- eelT* ^jmsBBKW or rrants of noney at the rate of ko rubles a BonlAi regardless of »|imi s ii vocations ^f^r ' i n ninsi t-- rutstandlnir flT*A«c • Btuden* may rsoiere the maxlmen "f 50 rubles per-month. Thus all students are paid to study In the Soviet Union, unlike the United States whei*e students mist pay tuition to learn. This is the reason yflxj the Soviet Union turns out almost three times as aaBT engineers 159,000 m 1959. twice as many ms i iw n "" '»77,20'>, Tt^hBltliinT and others specialist. this is why the Soviet Union has ^ ore doetors vv 10,000 rf population (18.5^19^0 /than any '-ther octmtry in the worldfu.S.A. (12.1) 1960^relntly -nd carefully inatllls ;.>litlrrl 7 Commission Exhibit 92 — Continued 312 3 .ell re v cf^tl ^hr: trelnlnp Int^ epch unci t^very student Just / j^e corps pt the fact rys snd :jlente,epchpnd every Inetltu'ef has Ita f ..prty chiefs, sectlnnpl and cIbsh, f-r teachers md iWt prcfess-^rs ce well asvstudentB. At the ^2nrl Concresfi In October 1961. Krushchev, plophlre thet by 1^0 1 ^ut of every 5 persons llvlnp In the Soviet Union vin have s hlrher edueatl-^n, this Is M« 'inhf^rd of flp-urci but It is ffisi lTiT 'mder the system In the Soviet Unl-n. J> preiPn "< Bn»»iiJ'p'e|''l8o holi^ nostltlons of '^vorlty In the Soviet Educntlonol plon.* *fti.ch raore»then In the U.S. In tMnMd^ fields of vocBtlon tKo forfclcri Ipneruspes ore compulsory over » five yeor period in enprlnerlne md als- r.edlclne pt ler-at one lantrusfre Is complusory. The studied leneoiaReB In order of Im- portance and popularity are, aipllsh, (Jerman, French, Italian and Spanish with far Eastern Lenpuafes following^ Jhe text books from which these languages are learned are very Interesting In them- a elf a they combine politics and education at^ once, a very oommon oocurance. An example Is that texts in Enflish jT German for Instance are given on the life of Lelrv«i,f under of the Soviet 8tate,or the structure of the communist urty '-f the Soviet Union, favored subject t- fill a text foraally the life of Stalin was a bo-Jc these book* .re no longer In circulation.. A p-^od 'ext y^.-y. Vrt ^ne for EnrtHh s-)«ayin«' students studlns- Fustian 1p y f 'n*nrt*i'in ith tv,« fjmS^^.^ I '>f th* tr.s.s.p. floci«-tv '" r»tj*'11a^ln«' h-'J-* T'i"> -«*'1 ^''^•^. '. ""="• *" " i^" V )^ .r the text. / nboiit yoet ^f the nllUons of text book. -rlntM In the Soviet T'nl^n every ye^r are ^.uhllshed Centr.1 Wo«eov nuMlshlnr hnu^ enterorlre nrlnt1n<.f ^ non in 1959 . p SSt'^'ftSiCSJ.Snd «n(5 S^ .t the M6o,noo,nnroople8) «mi tfcni« rtrmiiiiiufl In •ntwiiliiiBlil n^here '^relin^ bonka are printed In the Huselrn l.niruape and otheiii Into Anyone of the ino of l.n«m«Pe« of minority croups In the TJ.3.8.R. «|pE of the pooulPtlon of the U.S.S.P.flpepk Russian, however SSSSS^l an.ruapre8 are «B2C «>ndpropaKated by law,of the 208,527.000 nllllon people In the Soviet Union 114,114,000 SSTRusslan as 3SSf national ne«t is ^ 1 1 i i ii nu-'ne 37,^53,000 and Itol j it\\wk^s1^7,91J^,^0 and IS 6,015,000. The renalnlnp population! fl«rnreB ar« 4estrulbut»d amng 18 mlnory, and 60 fractional croups. SoM of whleh havs as fefw as 4,000 people speaking the tongut, Alao thare mv^ 60.000 persons In tha Soviet Union who ara 4M»n orlRln^of thasa tha laadera ara Yiroslaves 5,000: Albanlo ns 4,8 00; Af>?rha 1,900: TTan^^la 1,800, Italians 1,200, Cli0»a«M» 1,000, Spanlah 1,000, vtA ArAentlnaa (estlaatad) 4,000. f Inea tha flmaraa fn# Art^antlna iomlcnrants is not «rlTan in the 19 flfrara* for tha Soviet tTnion paarea 74>75.l mmm/mt oant of all tha ^9,000 tltlaa printed in the !T.8.S,R. in 1959 were teehnleal or Induatrlal text boolta. Only 20JI of these titles irere for llrht raadlnfff.of thasa most jaMMVW^ var stories refleotlncr the etrutrt^le and victory of the 8ownM > M y ««e»w lines, however forelpTi trjntiern seen to be choaen becpMse they write about, the <^ec»y pnfi immorollty of their reepactlve country, ^erv KMEafaw book aeenia to he chosen to show that if cmj^ ll t^j^an isn't deaB ^r flylnc it should. American authors include. Jack London, Ernest TTemlnwoy snd othera. Soae of these writers are often very pouvilar In *the T7.3.A* but not for the same reasonS|Jnck London wrote what .we consider adventure stories while the Fusslans consider their to be of present day life, Sarnest Hemingway, wrote *old man and the See* a deeply touching atory of oans struic^le npialnat nature ond the see, trhlle here It le considered an Indictment of eapltallet society Although Reialngwey, unlike Jack London, was never a •»«iaUat#. ^ For • person reeding detective atorlee by foreign writers one (tets a very denreeelng feeling ond Is overwhelmed by the MMpiM Mnd JbBHtaMU. of the life deolcted In them, •^ther forelim etitore Include Leonard Trank, '»«m»n nipi4*t; Viniom ft^od^-ln, "Thlfwre Ae They lire" ftirtlsh: mnfi more cl»»s8lcal :*rlt«rs such as Alexander Drue "Count M»r«ro" freneh e^iasori "Sht^rlock Foln#« •nd Captain ^ood" ^re alao known and reed Xn the n.s.S.r. ' ut^such •10 tltlea »T« fev and hard to find, Dlc>ens howeve' 1h In, Commission Exhibit 92 — Continued 315 Kherever one mee. Hark Twain booka nra iilao found in ^uanlty •uoh novels of ?00-400 pages sen for l;50 rubles or less. Spy stories rank hi^h ln*'publlcatlon and tharefore7%»»**^!«e fclth the MEps more often then not American or West (lernsLn sple* captured In -the end by the y-unf , innelaae, Soviet oourter esplmutK* accent. « I ffewapppera and mpgarlnee nv% also a plant -indeirtaklntr with tb« prlntlncr If not th^ li^rmatlon strenclQe, leas centretlr.sd and cnntrr>Tled. In 195® oerlodlcals and magarlnee wmbered 4,02? tltiles and 10,000,000 copies. ^^ ^^» newspapers numbered 10,6oy^TTnlon, i3Kl*4c«in and city and papers, -rlth 13^ "nd tme half billion eopiea. Fbr«ivn newspaper* are not allowed in the country accept representlve eoiBBCBni«t party papers such as the *Vorker#* United States, "Sally Vorker^, fef^landt 'RuMlhlty'' Pjranoe, *!Vew (leraany' Csst Sermny, *th« Bally Berliner". Vest Oeroany, ect. 9hs oaln publloatloniin the 0.8.fl.R. are "Pravda^«»sth origin of thtt coaiaunlst party of the U.3.S.B. and iSSSikA 'The ir«»« orgfn of the council of Inisttrs of the Soviet Onloiy It nay b* noted that ths ohalrnan of th« ootmell of ttiaisters and ths flr«t secretary of the eoiSBunlst party of the U.S.8.R, ij one '•jww, Rlklta i. Irushohev. • All u t firim «nd olty newauapeit^^ jy from thaae two leading daillss, reprlntlnpjjrtlolsi pa«i««« to I I by TABS So vi St news a«rency r another nlnlatry or their subBlrtemrles In KlnAk the newAoppere ore "Soviet B six ^^t^^i^ Tor three kopeclcs. Advertising Is unknown pnd unnnecessary In a «overn»ent controlled econony where prices rre rleed jkU4 iiiirfn/ ^ — •s %» the^ifear plan. The first page in all Soviet lanRTiape^ is derelopM to party news and speeches. The second tai^r)roduetlon notle«e i0^ local industrial acheivnente such m the opening; of a ^, nev .gl^MMMflir as the oTerfslllnfr '>T MsaaftB trt » plant. The third 1« filled with frtreljw' news itena. '^ften eovprefl nnd credited to A. p. or «aft«r news aprencies, they usually concern stikee and elMh«0 vith^JMiiftBMr M«av and race incidents in eapitalist «oaiitrl«« as veil as other "Hews', slanted i to fflvfe. a. bad ia^c:.: pCMMioSf 41iiftt^ftll countries except those vh'- are neabers of the •oeiallet caap or their foll6w trarerlera such »s Cuba who are peint«A ee j»rdi>erotte democrariee fi^^htlntr pRainst Iaperllir||^#»f jiiww ifitbottt, and oajRitallet a«)» and agents ««» within. wV niM carry the propaganda ball where books and newspapere leare o^f.vlth 90, 87^ movie housee in the U.3.S.P. with collective elubs bringing the toatl to 118,000 bo vie houses; the •rtrmt^e 1? Commission Exhibit 92 —Continued 317 ) ^,,-.i„.p ,^ t1r*f> n !ir,viet rltl-en r^.f t- the -lovlea, oer y««r, Includlnr men, women, and chlldTn la 16.5.tiae8 {p»ct ?19. There 1b « Joke current In the Soviet Hftlon •• to irhy W. 8. rru8hec>>ev recelrert hie thlrert hwro '^f the Soviet TJnlon,wn»wer !• for hi* p«rt In the film "nur iflklta KrueheeheV*. n docunerty clrctletad In the aunraer -f 19^1, ^f old ttlrmm ehowinir KrueheeheT in hl« yomurer _tleaMl in thsir respective fields. Durinp tha week of Oetolwr 9-15 ths followlnr Movlss wsre showtn in Vlngfk "fno tlvs», rsvoltttionary filo of ths 1917 's "Clsny Sky" ths film prsssnted ^t ths fUa fMttval in Moscow in July 1«>«1, which took frtfolaee. A fll» about ths oost Stalin Bra, it 9tmtmmm» repression of ths main »n SK-tjrisoner^ -"f war wh'' is driven o«t -^f ths oarty bs- estrss hs didn*t die as all Rond soirtiers must. This film la very •yiriwlio of ths nsw neovspnnisnt line rondeninir sobs of the tacties of "Stalin and his 0llck. "Tha r«lr" r Heat '>«mi»n flln ««rcent«pe ^f norie* •»h-vn hTe Blnce the y'-unr Soviet fll n Ij^lkMi^ ! not well eob- • Idlred rnd rann-^t turn out h»lf of the decwnd f-r fllae. aermsn, Italian, and rrenoh flint «• well mi fllas frn« the 'people* republie«*'ai# popular here, iperloen fllaa r-re few Plthoufrh well liked for their technical eklll end prcduetlna. ^Anerlcan fll«« ehown* In 1959-1960 ||| were; •Rapiody" with ElUl»«<9i Taylor. "E>e" with Joan Crowff»rd 'The Seventh Topfage of Slnfcad' Bade In 1959 and 'Serende of Sun Valley, aede In the 40»« other* were "VleRa Vplte" about the life -f the co«apo8er# and 'Old Kan and the Sea", • technicolor* jMMiBBt "f Srnest Hecinfrway'e bonlt. "w<»r and Peace* was alan ehown to vast audiences in two aerlala. Prices for seats in ftioTie houBOs, "mlllce the United States <*^BM^ ehsno'e for adults and children bwt-r —a*y for the location of rows with the center rows cogtlnf? 5^ MooeCfa in ^he q^e lwa : J ^nd front row ^%ptf "^O hopeoTca. 8how^i» ?intll 5 o'clock ore /f JJ^pecy^B Cheaper per seat, -mtll the prices chp^e. Showlnp-'s are at posted times on the tickets ajid rtjoors are opended for only fire minutes while spectators take their dealPinifted seets. Nobody eren has to st^nd J)ec8Ufie tickets are sold only PCcordln*r to the nusbsr bfc^ats^ln/the hnll, #fr sh-wlnr. Telerlelon Is orpanlred and shown In order not to interfere with work In Induetrles. Monday to Frldsye proprnjns start pt 6:00 In ^u Commission Exhibit 92 —Continued 319 the evenln*' julte enourh flP -llnv nny wt!: t pet h-me In tln« fir ;^ t: e BtBft but not enourh to rllow hln t^ tnk« time nff to watch televl8l^n ^r become p television rddlct pe we heve In the U. 8. Procr»ma flnlih at 1X:00 in the evening e^thnt all the wirVere c»n liet en-^uph sleep. Mv SptordajrVltflrt at 3:00 t" c"npenBi»t« for the ah-^o wnrv day>fn^ end nt 12:00 or 1?:30, Sundays proRrama start rg early as 10:30 ir the n'>rnlnp' and end rt ll.:00 '^•rlo4k. Pro<^pm8 are btit Include as all waya nnre that '''' oercant ^a 3oTiet r>nlltic« btit ^V%va>«Al«n «rooA films, Jflateiaa ^f n'-viea pnd oartoona for the kids the beat oxvjflTarae hnweTervoT!»^he ttiiSc oreff^macea fr«ir^i^ M'^aeow nnd Lelnrrpd , ''olsh-'vl thertera plao anyph^mlc mualo cncerta "re -^ften need t'^ break tihe m-^notnua mn of polltlca end dry fpcta snd flpfTTea. k ahow for a Sunday cTenlnc la like the one ahnw in jSlBSBk on October ?2, 1961, 6:?0 aporta ^:25 Soviet army ahow j8:25.'a feature lenprht flln 'flpltlc Sky* 2nd pnrtif Oo'at the ZZnd Conctreaa ^f the Conununlat P-rtyoof tha 8oTi«t Union mmtKff • NBmmi performance by people! nrtlat of tht n.S.S.R. ' (i. (n.ebove, MVsin-e a'^rpr nf tha^Hnthar S«nd» Miy> «•»• anC 1*;00 sign off >lth the playlnp of the Nftl-nal AtliMi Ai^ th« athea of H^^pMMStim. Telavla^n however la not • f«M»M It la in Va» U.S. «r the ' ii H and liiiiililad ant tha C'^at of t«l«vlalon, a iwod on« coat 350 rublea and tha llrht tabla poUaa Somtir «^. for 190 ntblM aai^raraly bouf^t in,' re eulokly There w«r« 103, 200 flttn»loti$i^ln B«l m IQ^O. The really , panetratlnr voica «f m'^rrtem IT^clty caea fr^m radio, ^W^^nd axtanalra It la tha #••»• by which the Kremlin -•achea mt- every 15 Commission Exhibit 92 —Continued 320 e ^( Tc< -nc «tjur'* '•*"• ri-wt -ut-lyln- r-llertlv f-rre -r vlillrrPB. Vhlle '' nllllT. television sets herr s^l.; •'r-r. ICrr-lcji in '' a^'^let ^'nl'^n (fTts ono flr»»re8 pa.^e ''a'') -ver 3L9 allllm r^.-ln «-« V <»r«» fl-lrt anf^ thlB flr^^-f* l? Hrourht un ("inslrerpM y when ''ne C'>n«l- -lay n->t *^mve « r»filo In 'he pl»ce hsve ^roBTPna fed t re-.rnrtuct rs In «*"eh hr>ae fr-'- •^'^Ints ^jmy rllee ow»v tn ke*»:jinr ith t: e cenersl rjlan t- brlnf the culutural level if these collective i^tUSa* up. And in the 3-viet Unl'^n, there Bre 45,000 pnijectlve fprr« enc 7,^00 atate fprrae vlth 65.500,000 people on them t ?l.i»;X if the total populi-tlon (fccte f-^r 1961 prre 27). So redlo a»v be •n'lrt X~j x>€ tre ell tgaag^mmv j rorrnnB a^aiiie In KIq^ rt d0O end n*7 end an l«te at 02:00 hov/eve: 24 hours a day br'^pdrrat »re -isde t all parts of the Sovitt Union fr-a M'^scnw .there «ra 18.5 nllllon ^Mb tfttflfaJiwrWf rcdloa ln*^Bela5t^J|#- hlch cen tii^ »11 ststl'^nit' its ->ne ch«» •ifH In p nattar '^f mlnutee .thle^when 'Jerprln r.ede hln S«och Bsklnr trip Int' flppce.the entire Soviet Unl^n wpb '-l»n>-ed -ut with nothlnp but repTta and Internlttent ruslc, fnr e n^ll^^ rtny in tMa 'way the (V>vern*ent fete the n-^Ht prop^rf^ndp veiije ~ut '-f its oehlev- senta. Av-r =n It «>tnt« bro'-'dcestlnf ntptl'-ns which, !lXe inr-iitrles -re 16 Commission Exhibit 92 —Continued 321 . '11 fltn-- financed onr b.uit. The r-dio nnft te^eTlal^n stntlon In >llnjl: 18 m f-ur storied im* cnent > lii^iT ail^dlnc locrted &^ n-..6 Krllnlnc Street nepr the/flnRll w^f^Aa "5VI3HLICH", : -hlnC It stands th« Im. resulve :500 feet steel rrrtl- towers the highest structure In Belefruealiit This rndlr, tover^- and bulldlnp ore enclo5ed with hlph fences pnd tj^trolllnfr =r'ned ru^nit with fio*^, juitrcnce Int'' the nmmiyrrrd nust be thr'^uph the bulldlnp Itself and perS'^ns cannot enter wlth-^ut a special ass nh-wn t an prred puard .(refnraere are taken to a separate studio near the city — i canter where pmductl'^n and pref-^rmers are fed back t" the station and them to the broadcpstlnj' towers. In this wav the all Important comn'inlcatlon system MM (TJTded le^alnst spbatatre ^r avpnaMiMy "ta!ce overe" of the sort '^ften pchleved bv Latlr. Aerlean countef- if revolutionary and «Ml»-contents^i«('tf^«dckny' Street, stands t||#B'^re towers approxl-ately ^00 feet hlph each ^ they are not engaged In broadcaslng suite the opposite in frot , tlMse very apparent land mi^^s with hirh power cables strung between th«a are Jaoning towers .used to blanlL out high frequency broadcast froia aboard .the awln target of tbese Jamnlng towers is the Munich and Washington tranealtters of the "Voice of Araeriea" prograas although they are •ia^liloyed to dle«rupt the B,B. C. and mmtmmm rrenoh broadcast in Russian. These towers are likewise r^jarded by armed guards and entrance to -the wire enclosed bl^ck fcouae «»nd tover prea is forbidden except by jasnes. The anount of volta*** 17 Commission Exhibit 92 —Continued 322 used by these towers is xnown to be f isf i min.-d when f^ne considers thst needed lighting Pt w-.rk places le -^nly ^ji nni ii turned on pven -n -the elourtfc(p d»ye, it le Ir-^nlcpl pnd sad t-> thlnh "t the tremendous vaste and efforts the Soviet fl-ovemment f^oee too in order t- keep other peoples Ideas out. But the Jamralnp; fre^ulenees •re only half those of the •Rodlo Moscow" nropsRanda orocrpms which may be heard nn any short wave radio In the United States and without Jamr-iner. these "Radio Moscow" )ro(?raras ^mmt9 peoples In 81 countries that the Iran (Jnrtaln no lontter exists, never did exists , and is in penerai a ficticious slonder against the Soviet Union though up by reactl'-nsrya .slrhi.' / • .:c ir tre Ipnr^iarea of the re,>ubllc8. In vjgsat -re Belerueeia/rf c.r»vs thepter on "Vc I AJAFUiKAYA'' street ..up p tro'^p tf j^ profeasl molJ >--r:ilnr- fr n ?'.) t lUt; ru'jlca s rr. nthJjg^,-' n '^ plage *> veek ir. the Belerueelan langupRC. 3ete and c-eutrae mW plwsys vel'' made In sny jiroductlone I bpw, but the ncrlpta pre »ptlto be ver ln»ded with .nlltlce In the rtrnmaB. Vusems exlflt for the ed-icntl'^n and learnlnr -f *!'e ; op'ilptl'in- 'f these; 7*^ -re hlet'^rlcal Rev-lutl^nTy 89 hiitorloai, 121 nera'^rlal (the house -^f G||iMaq0Vr ahlkovs-cl »tmmu^ in Moscow -epr the American er>ip3sey) ^?1 ^t loc«l "r rejrlnal Interest., and IT? art rmiseMrs "fl Kell as ^H -jope cf different klncn brlnrinc 'he tot"! to expctly "07, There ^re 37 in Klnok. In the yeor 1^5*=, -*? "llll-n i^e-.le visited these places ^t Interest as wel? as 7,:' ,i)00 people who visited the famous ^^ermftnent exlfcltlon of Soviet "Chlwre-zents in Moscow^ "SKoLHIKEY* p»rk. Here a li4#r dl8,,|iy cove:'lnp 5 pcres was set u>- In 1955|lt pdvertlzea reel and ,CJ>e ..rorreae fr-r tourist and Russlens alike. In It are spuiinlJts and Jet airliner>p tractor exhibition h used in a bijlldign 300 feet long «* h usln^ and in- dustrial ssnples the light coneune^ industry is sh-^wn nore • e the Russians would like it to be then ss it Is. With poc3:et rpdl-s ^^*'^Bre none mpde in auantlty m the U.a.S.R. /^utonrtic vasMnr ) -"achlnes witfc two spinners (fr r 195?-1^5^) there wrre l.X-illlon nade and sold all slnn^ly -ne spinn'-rp ) md r-dern -"C^-.k clepners Puaol-nr.' fr (1050-1958 500,000 Bold) however this d-esn't kee hoplnf^ that florae y thee^ t^ln^s -n^ "* m n-sfl-T)ro..uctlor., 1? Commission Exhibit 92 —Continued 324 und'^ubtly they slrall be] i^thor rneena nT dlstrubptlnj? oropajrenda ore th-urht the »»»tp»Mpre. or In Snn-lls^ ?i»fttt«tion points" th||^e »re located at rteai^B ^r In email offices open 1<5 h-^ure a day they •re nanned by "iSMDM)^ comraunlat ond ynunp: communist party neabers. They are for the dlstrebuti-^n nf psmplets, bulletins and -^ther party literature, f^r the more ^r less informal meetings of ^oups f communiat party members. Formed in the early 1920 's they were then points of armed workers located near to each other who v.ould $SSk down "white* iq^tsibg av edfti^iitotl^ arrest anyone in the neighborhood. Mow there rii^flim -lll reeult In expluel-n froi the leao-ue and is a hl#ck ^* pere-nal ororrese In the Soviet Unl'^n since membership la c^nsld-red » reference %$l hirlnr In f^ct-rles -r 1—llgMl'"^' 't^" re^tueat r-r a pice rt •"iRher '»(3MC''tl np"" Insltutl-'na, b-it r^i»a»rtUiB° "^e fairly conr.on n'o-ut "0^ belner exouleed before reachln<' the ape where they nay be chosen f-^r c^rnrmnlst party memberablp. A y^uni? n.nlhtfc.Mia stodent may bedoe rather populpr and powerful by belne; elected to the post of YCL aeeretrry In his class at echool or at w-rk. A aure way t-^ aucceea is t' remain at thla post in -nea'locpl school or Institute keeping high atsndarda ^f marlui and discipline until chosen for par» nemberahlp. In this way young people get a taste of what the Party can do for them if they have the right attitude. At our shop the ICL secretary la Arkadia a tall handaoae iSiSr Ruaalan f 2lf Kipwtth: ak.ap<»4riKrln. Re reminds oneof a f«Xfta or oklahona boy , his father is a i»"y «•« mother worW ^ AjifffftM llBwSiJiMitliiiji have a full three room apatment. Hie SmMM^ family al»-> a TO, member is the younpest and last member^ if this group. TVHu has worked at this favt-ry for f^- years nfter He was only sertlair Ws 3 years In the navy in the Black Sea. our sh-p Pfter recently elected to the poet of YCL secretary in usually en eaay -'^ing the f'^mer nere^n recieved CP nembershlp, :'l Commission Exhibit 92 —Continued 326 ^c felTov If y-u don't pet hln rpllled, he tskea his TCL duties seri-usly c-llectlnK dues in every -ther poy dny (which ar« on the 5th snd ?Oth -^f the month) ->f 1^ of the total paycheck of 1% of 80 rublea . 80 copecks he checks off npmes and Is responsible frr tunrlm? In the c»8h to the fpct^ry TCL oflBM||t, He Is responsible f-r posting directive* hended d-wn by the YCL fac-t'-ry OMMMPtpnd for helping to draw vq? the list o ff" ]gpi aniJa*fl ^''h- shall have the duty during this month, Jr«a«)j[^:ks are'volunteerrtlvilins ••'h'' patrols streets end parks as peace aJjd -rder keepers .they are given a special csTd which they carry and when '^n duty wear red arm bands they he^p to toJJBldlse the police in Its more routine work* iuch as v.'alking « teatviin a usually ^ulte district^. Droostj/|ks always walk In '" . u? groups oi threes and fours aften women and girls are seen in this capacity, this custom is relatively new and is not genraly used exospt on Saturdays and Sundays, when there are b6&strous groups as teenagss and a large number of A^ninka to b« seen. Both thess typss of grovQ>s ar0 0fl ths dnwnrrowth at Isast partly due to thess Tolunteer# efforts, besides hsiping to drkv up ths list of Smo la ttoair respsotlTS shopst^OL sserstax^ ^m sxpeetad to sat hie^ a|taplM of work and political sOSUss to thslr fellow members and to haip ths shop and section l eaders get 4ft know fhis worksrs. In XitMk ths young oonmtailst headquators is a long prey cement ^ storr bttildinK on "#«aEnBH»:* street or in English "Red Army Btrest" inside, ths building is honey combed with 200 rooms, an Commission Exhibit 92 —Continued 327 ^ pudlt-rlun -nd -e -tlnr hell. Three hunured ,.eople pre ,.er-.»ntly en:>-loyedij;re t d- the v.^rk -^f the YCL, rl»o, here le the central nffr-iw i tiy of the YCLof Bele^TSj ijthey review oaei^ -f ex. lasltl-n pnd ulrect YCL pprty rrpnl7,otl^.n the actual ..olltlcpl Influence :f this c^c-nlty Is plnost nnthtiig ^mm the -mm . YCL In rll cltlea re directed by the CP nesd»;uprtere In their respective cities. t^/fhe heedsuarters \t the central ~»«r'^ ^r ^'f the ^fn.8 located on "Krrl Mprx St. "\ * 8 sSoMbyellow -.et»l pm't brick eturcture It IB \ rectenRulp:* shaped with stralphj; shupe lines ind olmnat none -^f the l5iiK..^cnrptlon# MBfir««t most ixilldlnpe $ the clty^ . . "the first secretary -^f the central conralH|r -f the ^^-f Belenisia • ' • Is the. irapo«fllnr title mrrltd hy «> short «t->cky man In hie l»te t 59*'« ^-f' gar.^orofl . Rarely se^n -^n the streets he pnd his fanlly oeeupAe • hugta 8- room "fj^t^tMSMf nn the top floor of a rroTemaent apax^aent house on prospect Stalin, E:nt]::«nc9 to this rpprtment .building is dMjf^JlA^ nirht pnd day by one nnlfr^rmed p'^licenan who cheoks fSMK^ "^nd keeps unauthorized persons -^ut.here is rlso the r»JtM enc8 of eeveral mlniflteiy suoh as. Minister of GdueationAt. ' B. JN>z>o«la«biMt and Kinlatsr of Adrtlnateration E. Zhezhel. jmmmSv ooittrols and Airects all retiviea i|||:his republic with authority no Unltad Statea timtrnttrnf^ has ever enjoyed, nia^. his authority cannot be eontrollad or ohallanped by court orders -r injunetiona aa It oftan is in tha United States. • Kai#-To^ls respohalble Alraotly to Moaoow and tha party »e8lduen i ii mm i \ by J^iBhcheJ^ Ha appaara in tha rerlewinp: box in the rentor -f his rronles, ^n Kay lat and K'-vamber 7th holirt»y8,-*i*aBfF-, vhere wpv«1» • c-ncmlpl Commission Exhibit 92 —Continued 328 hsnd <-icc»«lon«lly without the trpce f a srlle. He Isn't elected t-^ hie j,^"8t In p prenersl election s=ny mere than Kruahcl-.ev le elected to the po«t of preolexy but rather npjjolntedfron the neobert of the ^Mfiitip Soviet ^f the Republic who are elected ^n the ->ne cpndlate ticket which Is prepared and authorised In the flrat place.by the central iaS*^ '^f the eumnunlet narty "f the reeoectlve republics . theref-^re the central community ohoses the memberB of the Snviet from -•'hose members replaoenente f-^r vpcated seats In the central eoanlty are filled, [^eplacemant may be required in the case of *Dea^(^.e^nrenent.a higher appolnment to the central coramifty of the Soviet Union Sr expulslonp from the party" under the party ' comni^M*r ooiutltuion jgOT«ttasnt procedure in the centralI comni^M'^Corropt in tba n.fl.S.S. takss • najor form in embar.jselini; f>nd j^easfing of p«las as in any purely JM^cx'stie society. In 1961 the death p«tt«lty t&t eirtiassslaent of States funds in large subs w«t rmaetsd •• «tt «uir«r to Vila apfTMd pUlf ailing of goods crops and mtbwtrsiiae ot WBmvf «aS State bonds. On any collsetive or State (im there iM m. e«»teln psp e«nt of State goods illegally apj^opriated by tb» ooULMt fenssrs for tbeir mm private use to make up for lew «Bt ^itrsfors low living coitflltions.oftsp 904 to privrte .•tnf«s or nt the opsn morket type "f ^^^g/jut^ These fooAs imr i»a«l«t only of • pJllf«»#«d l«a^p or pirlet -r r»y run in ««owwi nt sii«^ '^ 9cmM hidden in brwaaKSWftfts bwp-> • -r tMek ptM tfmM% atA sold by tl»s appropriat-^r pleer^al or In wholesale lots to spooked stors supervisors vho «»r# supposed t" buy state Msta UA ©pops at government prices, but M4i r^opyet the rilff^rffnces of prleM from the balek market t«M«»! -levine: en-^roir-'^ '.n their rlcee./^tcl" MSLthst such Eeroh^ndlae was br urht f-r at«tc Commission Exhibit 92 —Continued -536 0-64 vol. XVI 23 329 pructleee ore n^- e'^mr'^n that without the- -.Bny atnre« would be oil noBt empty if they hod to rel^t ^n the p oi)|tlc, :Joor .ulllty (br-up-ht In from the Stste Bleup;hter housea »t hlr* ;jplce«. The directorship of even p ami.ll fruit --r milk at-^re opena 19 wide orjurtuniea f ^r lukrltlve enteryrlr.lng by ,.era^n vlth alight acnae, it la «lra -at lopoaelble f-^r the authnrltiea t^ not on such (tolnp on becauae of dlfflcultlea in obtainlnfr proof in pcce^tftble smounta alnce jufh rolng -n -re uaually m arrll amrunta. Mpterlftla such pa electric ap^linncea, rS ore aSt ridQletry laws in the Soviet Union without A city "visa" stamp a perBon cannot work In that city, Iboe a postion nr work la decided ^r taken It la a «» difficult proaeeea to seenre perraiBBlon andwotk'xo'FeoieT* ana^artoeftt in another tflty theref'^re to live in another city. In auch intance the Mninietrator/ of an apart&ent house may expect 60-100 rubles for his staai,) f approval on a re«iuest blanX f r an apartment or into an apartaent all::eeady occupied by a family ^fhi^are expecting to leave one oity for another .the usual method of Rettin a rooa or apartment without having to wait en the so called housing -3*e which 25 WF«««v-:''-.fT.in5f-^'T -^ ijarsst!!: CoMMissiON Exhibit 92 —Continued 330 which nay take 5-7 yeprs to recleve a one room "apartnent". In any buamjutferptlc city -^cli it^ la always cisaa ^f deelc rdnlnlatral ^i^^^^T who expect their palmea4inBd and who enlult their poaltlon for •elf-prirpaies ^however In the y.S.S.R. anch praetloe* take on a partlctilarjy potsnlTnpture jSlnce it Is not aloply a matter of TlewingV rpre eervlces or conrenlenoea >>'it a matter of i?ettl»|rcthe fundenentali things of life .a simple room. a work stamp, permission t-^ see^rs- latlve in a city inside a restricted apu. such as border tones ?>r JSS^ tkfcuer e^se mllltpry ||0b ajvl ragStSt ^SnHy Lnsa sones. In order to reclevs perBlsslon t^ le»ve one city and live in another iSEL indlriual choice a pers-^n must reeleve permission from the local passport •genoy in the city from which he ij^ leaving isnd frons the city »« wMoh he in going ^than he suit etow that he has reeloved a place of living In that city to which he Is goingjae well* as pexwlssii^n to aov«A'mn the military authority if he Is military obligated) froa tiM police and security agency in case he has govemaent or sseret work. He oust show that tea -j-Titll^r or aiuglfJUaarn nWt-; will fee used InVft-; • hleh he ;^os,all this oreatM piles of h work cndA)hetos, referanees* doeunentt and notoristd daelar- atlons iKit 'Mm naia obataela to saving in the tJ.S.S.B. Is gstting a. s>l«ee to llv« «incs it woald be years If one aitaply »ppll«d for a plaea In the housing llns, ttm\ If one can llva tmtll with frl«Bda or ralatlTSs fT the time b«lnp: they could rent a nook from soaa- body.tajay eotad not work beeattss without a living vl«« Btamp* on aaat "passport" , it fta againat the law for any directors or adainletratora of jtny enterprise, etore or of floe t- «lve w^rk to Commission Exhibit 92 — Continued 331 that pereon since without e llvlnr vise, -ine cannot net o "work ?^ ptenp" even renting a roon to a person wh^ cannrt ~et r llrln^ visa to thflt ro'-m In aginet the law (Bpeculatlnflt). 8-. rlth-^ugh novlnp fr-Mu one city t- another la «mlte leRal^iow (»fter the wer It wasn't*) It is a long proceaa of red tape,p;reaBlng pains and truggllng Pgalnst buacratlc procedure that is why few people -c rotually do change cltlea or exeseiee papen^ rights. The structure and procedure of Soviet aociety controljthe flow of people and their occupations and hence value. to etate.any Russian will tell you he can ehanre Jobs or move t" an-^ther city any tlnie he wants t'-. this is true liowever he must meet certain re^ulrep.entB in order t^ reclpve new work although he may Indeed aulte any Job he likes. Up" till 1950 a pers'-n could not <|ult# a Job without police and state security pemlsfllon. It was simply conroiilsery to work at the Job one had been aasalmed to. How adars it is mor«*that f'^remen enforce a Soviet laflr aaklAg pei^mlssable the holding of any -'orkere who cannot be rap^B^^ . In the event J^ workers does not ch'^se t-^ reoaln at his place of work or choses to refused a certain Job he can be tried by a peoples court and sent to a work oump or for t^rm raojtlng to to 3 yeawi^yBuoh work laws safe rr»ard the state from "aabatage" of State property, woxic'knd passsB as well as pemission ip f r->« pTnp9r authority in regards to living pass«« and the *vork passes* is the Indireot control of influx and m out flux of vhpt mStca lied •Surples of Labor'which «» a capitalist scoiety has no ccntroll •nA is determined by node and «^t•r ef produetioMnd econalcf o^ndittons which are all ways ^{jjZSXtfttChy^ ?7 ' JF^-T' '"-*'«' WM-^-lk.' Commission Exhibit 92 — Continued 332 T/ierefore It 16 mt the liberation of the j. lHi » defflandln^; citlesfmostly Moscow, Lelngrad, *idimfr, and a few of the other big population centerO conditions for leaving the Virgin | land center and young baok home are slaple.get up and go, but few do | > ^ because they nuet pay their own way back ei^cost of soaetiaes W^ i \ rublea or »)re and also face the same conditions which 'VShA then from the eltiee in the first place. )iOjen elections are inltionated in the U.S.f .R. wm f I'TiH a whole hur^e mechlanclal •p^wX— - the la et»rted #f,not only to enenre victory but to s»fe iwrared ttat* fr^p any voice of dissent, UJJM In i ^a iii fl^a ^r op.>oaltlo« ?8 Commission Exhibit 92 —Continued 333 All pliiwiMrL VTtnrs (thst 1« frirs the »»© nf i<; up) nx>e reflsttred well bef'ire hand by "rp-lptptore" , wh- p-o around to ©very door In their district (retting npmes and notlH^^lT v^f^v^ nt their duty to the Mother land in v^^tlne^n the onoe of the elections held throai^ out the Soviet Union on March 18, 1962 to "elect" the SuperraeJdotlet Includlnp; Krushchev, the peoples -Government (house of n^sSsm^San) pnd the Soviet of HPtlonallti«e ^the sl% Mt »n case on January 21* and Peburary 20, on electl->n day all voters op to the polls/uBually a 8chool)and vote, they are given a ballot which they -^^^^^ dro^ Int-^ s box on the ballot *r the slnpile nane of the candidates tor each post. Thats all any body lijawianyg to "vote* this systea insures a ^^% turnout and ^deternined victory. In each polling place ther is a booth for secret balloting (crossing ->ut the can- ditate mi/9 writing in your own) nnder Soviet law anyone can do this nobody does for the oJbvious reason that anyone Qilww enters the booth nuiy be identified^there is a S'^vlet Joke about the floor dropping out from anyone stepping Int'- the b^oth. But the feet i« that if the entire population used the^pollinff booth they could beat the eyetea how olUt years of aass disciple and •••• have made the people If raid to^i any such demontetr»tlon,#xd with no aemne of ooaaunioatinn at the hands of a would be candidate ^there !• no way tn ooanunication with the peopl e and wiping up etjpport for CPndid0t«((Uiitersial nllitary traiS*ng has been in foroe in the U.i.S.B. for eeverpl yearc^Hnlike the U.S.^Draftlng alvaya take plaee at 19 years of aire all other renons for ezeapllon with ctanding. periods of eerTiere are from 2 years in the north t^- ? year* in the s >uth.oliBat4eoonditi->ns ver;- a ruch that runny ymmg 29 Commission Exhibit 92 —Continued 334 nen elect to ro to the relatively m T in i t; south to aerre f->r three - - ye«r««tlien to the 9 aonth bitter cold«fof cpopa in Siberia «w Ssihalln in the far »MrtlmMVt. Clothlne lasue/pre scarc^ in the beRlnnlng and li^ Retting oM* cloths cleanAeA Me=is=:aMMIUA4hMPi*«JL -4kB«r are thrown into a oomiaon pile to be cleaned off and atesoed and brou^sht back In a common pile with the reault that a aollder nevera i^ta the aaae Jacketa and trousers twice. Barrscke »re usually bars and dpfflp.even in Mindk.vhers they ere located in the u^i— a parts of town behind hic^h 1raI^pdsses are u —w-given except on holidays and sooetlBeiAn Sundays or nfter nanuervers J.eave of 30 days W c^«r ariiiSd fox^es «nrsttUi in thsir contracts are unknown. However ths greatest diffsreniTis pay. after )|bq^1 Mikalyan baMaase ermoandsr in ohlaf of ths SoTiet armad forces in the early 1950 's. pay was •uaatfk'ily cut for ooaaiin soldiers (privates) from 3 tJO^ rubles old Bonsy to 3 rubles nev monsy s lost -^f 29.7 rublsa (new) 3 rublasr are snoui^t to hujr ^ paeksta of olgarattes , 20 oigarattas to a paekage wfaaraaa 30 rubles was enough for a soldier^ to savs up for hia diaeharg«.th« pay of a lath worksr in Ninfk is JfO ruKlsa new onaay. Hui drop of «nnsy waa l$i» fait in ths offices ranks sines thay lo«a only a 10% out \m to ths isSSt cf Major./and ao l#is "f par' far Mtjor and ^btt^m^ A i%mM> in the Ruasian^^Mi* imrw (^ta li^ rabXaa a full soldiar vats around ^0 rublsa but also ^ts ^mSj aaipanaa* pay Ilka our travel pay . Difipl^ns in ths Russian la suppoaad to ba tha Boat rug^red in the world M^fr t^p ser^^ents he wants aan hand nut up t« 154ajr santaoss to any vr^vete rny ti»s t.^tbo«taSSSr;5lffiRfi.«lnoroffsnttp.. Duties.tsb.se 30 -^'fTrfi"^"-' Commission Exhibit 92 — Continued 335 c»mn T barrecka py be n Te llXe o tipIb"]! then on 4^rle»n b«ee '8 ve 'n-w It -With e-«dB fountslna, clubs vrhere Blch-^llc drinks^ are served. p 4ilP* oars and PX'p ns sildlere Is never allowed t- clviliiin clothes (this is aerplnet raillstsry law) we ral>*t think such life to be ezQ*«A!ae drab even for a soldier but Russians have aucb drab-lifes on the -'utside that there is no conflict ->f .color between civilian and military life. When 1 told ibout the basic features of American mllutary life in the U.S. Marine Corps, the ex^oldiers I knew usually laughed and said we have no disij>lene but I'b %ulte Bui>e the ohs and ahs were signs of admiration when I spoke of our 'imtiiitktitiHit§aray especially the conqilete akftM^t of letures under our systeg^of separation of army and state. and also the fact that at the^end of each work day we could •*•!» ^P Ct\J oivlM and pile In a aag aqd'^up to town to'Dovie or a dance««a» aray dlsolplcne without • wall with money in our pockets and our own Bilitery oUlRatlon clearly under«toodtlin'aiur<«imhhaddc. n Commission Exhibit 92 —Continued 336 t/ ^a.^' Vu--«—-^ .-x,-^ "^l/^ Ia. -^^^C A-i-v-^ 0^/9 fC" X^rc^ /^S^ cli^-vx-^ l^'-^'^'C^ ;:Z.t^'-'^^^ -.*.«u».<^«^ ).t^y^».,^^ /fSy^ ^U-^ ^.-r^ C.v-^^^J'-^tfiJ i^^^ f^^-^ — . (^:/2^jZc^ Ai^ tJ^x^ jO^^ /9St- cJ^ -^—^ # J^ >U^i ^C, /^X7 d>wj/ oTXrU.-^ ^Mw~«-H.#T%»# 'y*'>*-^\A~^^^f r%X-0>J'-^fs^ C< \.i!*. A^ Vfe*^v.<^^ ZMy^^^y^ >-^-^/'*ji,<-*o j^^J-t^ '^ ' T'-4.«^. •l^s-X^ A^l*^ "J ^^H •.M^ '"^ .^-i.*^t^*L.^^ _<**^ i-j^^^ iAr^'f^*-^ >^y^*«CJ* /i^Tt«'»'w» Marxist I firstread the communist manifesto and 1st volume of capital in 1954 when I was 15 I have study 18th century plosipers works by Lein after 1959 and attened nu- merouse marxist reading circles and groups at the factory where I worked some of which were complusory and other which were not. also in Russia through newspapers, radio and T.V. I leared much of Marx Engles and Lenins works, such articles are given very good coverage daliy in the USSR. After my stay in the Soviet Union upon my return to the USA I confined to reeive by subsicbtion from "Komkrin Inc," Soviet idealogical and informative literature; "agitator" newspaper Soviet "Belowsi" "krockill" satrical polical magizine and the CPUSA newspaper "Worker" aslo I reeive the well known Soviet Journal "Ogonxok." I also have recived literature from the Soviet Embassy, Washington D.C. A. Proof of subsriptions to Soviet Journals B. Subscriptions from 1962 of Worker Commission Exhibit 93 — Continued 339 A V.V y \ V *^ #Oi^ ^n *^*^ ^-^^C-xC^ '>'/ 1 x-^C^ 2 r ,<.-»1 / .y^^-At^^ ^y\-u^i ^* •^•l ^C^t^-r^^^J'^'x^ «^w^ ^-^'tAr».o-? /' ^ i/'',-^v(tr> N.v^ i"--^ ./B^y-;^ ^^l^e-i*-ic* lycc^ ^ :?>^^A^ -.^^^|^«r»-5^ ».'^t^^~Jje>^ y^.'J^Jf^^ €t A'i^t^^f^ y^Z^-il^^tu^ eJftU^^^Ju^ y -;25^^«*.«.^-v^ c*«./»— ^ uMa^U S-CAir^ ^-t^^-%P U^«-(7 ^v^.<-^ , ^ organizer On May 29 1963 I requested permission from the FPCC headquarters at 799 Brodwig New York 3, N.Y. to try to forn a local branch in New Orleans. I recived a cautionet but enthusiastic go-ahead from V.T. Lee National Director of FPCC. I than make layouts and had printed public literature for the setting up of a local FFCC. I hired persons to distrube literature. I than organized persons who display receptive attitudes toward Cuba to distrube pamplets. I sough responise from latin american consuls of which their are many here in New Orleans, I inflltraled the Cuban Student directorite and than harresed them with information I gained including having the N.O. city attemy general call then in an put a restraining order pending a hearing on some so-called bonds for invasion they were selling in the New Orleans area. I caused the formation of a small, active, FPCC organization of members and. sympathizers, where before there was none. Commission Exhibit 93 —Continued 341 ^ i^^'^y j//> /^./*C.^. fi^ Oa^, ?/^£!> J^t^^ r • ^"w _^ . c/vv ,.,.*«^ t>.'^h 'pjujJ^ : ^'' Pip /i/V -**> ^r'- >v«u^ /''/'^tf J^.-fc^ Jfl-^^ ^^< :?^ '^"^"^ street Agitation I am experianced in Street agitation having done it in New Orleans in con- nection witli the F.P.C.C. On Aug. 9 1963 I was accousted by three anti-Castro Cubans and was arrested for "causing a disturbance" I was interrogated by intelligence section of New Orleans Police Dept. and held overnight being bailed out the next morning by relatives I subsenly was fined 10.$ charges against the three Cubans were droped by the judge. On Aug 16 I organized a four man FFCC demonstration in front of the Inter- national trade mart, in New Orleans This demonstration was filmed by WDSU- TV and shown on the 6 :00 news. —On August 17 I was invited by WDSU-Radio to appear on the august 17 radio programn Latin American Focus at 7 :30 PM The moderator was Bill Stucky who put questions to me for half an hour about FPCC attitudes and opions. After this program I was invited to take part in a radio debate between John Buttler of "Inca" anti communist proganda organization representive and Carlos Bringer Cuban exile Commission Exhibit 93 —Continued 342 •^ J/ fy y:^tfj c^^ jU^^ ^vM-^A.N w c^ ^-^:^ .V- /^ --i/*? ^**9 /J^K*^ ^> C**tncK £a'^>~^*^tfc*^ ^/( z^' 11/23 HMM JPa RSS GFR Student Revolutionary Directoret delegate in New Orleans. This Debate was B broadcast at 6 :05 to 6 :30 August 21, 1963 after this program I made a 8 minute T.V. newsreel which was shown the next day (August 22.) I recived adive, direction and literature from V.T. Lee National Director of C the Fair Play for Cuba Committee of which I am a member. At my own expense I had printed "Hands off Cuba" handbills and New Orleans branch membership Blanks for the F.P.C.C. Local. A. Letter from V. T. Lee B. FPCC membership card Commission Exhibit 93- -Continued 343 u 1^ 4. 6 d-r>. Radio Specker and Lecturer T T B i On August 22 I was invited, by Gene Murrett, who is studing for Catholic priesthood, to give a leture on Russia, Gene Murret is the Son of my mothers sister, Mrs. D. Murrett 757 french st. N.O. La. This lecture took place July 27, 1963 700 PM at The University Jesuit House of Studies Spring hill station Mobile Alabama over 50 Sudent priest all of whom were college Commission Exhibit 93 —Continued 344 ^ 4 <3< y^ f / / 4 %l 11-23-53 HMM JPA RSS GJR gruates taking the 4 years subsiquiate course for the pristhood attened serval of the college's professors alsowere present. This lecture lasted for 1 hr. 10 min. after which there was 20 minutes of questions from the audience. This lecture took place in th# autorium where women are not allowed so an all-male audience attened. The moderator of this lecture was Paul Piozza, Jesuiet. LECTURE A. invitation letter B. comments letter RADIO NO RECORDS Commission Exhibit 93 —Continued -536 0-64 vol. XVI 24 345 Photograpes I have worked in the Jaggers-Chiles-Stoval typograhical Co. 522 Browder St. Dallas, Texas. I worker from Oct 1, 1962 to April 1, 1962. I am profiencet in the photo- graphic arts known as reverses, transparaeial, line, modifications, squats blowups, and minaturazations. I have submitted and been commended for photo work for the party. I am familiar with layout and art work and am aquianted with cold medal and hot medal proces'ss in printing. A. Tax returns of JOS • B. Letters commending photo work by the party Commission Exhibit 93 — Continued 346 V «« -t* « '•<4^ ^f'^^f , iC-^ -^«^ -^.=, --<^ -^Sai^ X.«^*^tc: 3 3^i^^^^-^^"^^ f^r- ^^2^:^^ -^'-^^^lSU?^>' -'-^ ^••^-— -s--^ ->*<^ ^tv*^ "^•-W* ..w- 'vrr-~*c*-^.^lM "T^m ^'^l^ Commission Exhibit 94 347 2^ , -KXvf^t-^-i-^yt*^-*^ ^.Jc/tl 'X'i>. •/^ '7 iv^»r-^h •'T/fL. ^ I Commission Exhibit 94 —Continued 348 /2^/. / ^k. "—i^ ^^^^» -f fi.^.w^ jCa0^C( ^„Jt/^ *^*-^ ^*>inAJ>jf l-*-^-**-^-^ •^ "^fC^^, /,^<^..y^ '\^Cn4^ <_^— ^tX:u>^ *^ --t^ /-^—^. ^c«-«» .^-^H^ -.x^i^vrf^L*, _-*-<:y.^ t^.'^u.^ „-^sCi-*^ f t ^--i> *v -a^ i-^-ii '>*\. ^<^^ ...^^ ^ JJ ,t^^^ ^^ # ,>i>t«l^iAv / •-» 7<-'> />^^. Commission Exhibit 94 — Continued 350 ""f j<*^</*^^^ X^^^'iJS^jlt ^A^c-e-i<^t V j ...v^ -v-.^ C^-X* ''^/-^ *^^ CTr» a •. "y - re ^ / ,y ^'•A^-o^ y .'.'iHf^^; y,^: ^X«rftt %:> •j^ / /i-'-*^ cv '< .^•^ JTdT . . I .c^-» t „.t.ti-»^ i'\- T7 ^ x.*^^ • -v^ ..^.My ''^-^ A ^ - A'yl' M^ ,.,,j... ^:.. ..,.^ "/-/... ,-..-r^-^ z-,.^- Ct:>*—C .Vx ^ r^*. • •• .«~- ,1^ .i../ y t u ) > il-ii I H 'l I k ^ijil"' "" ^ll gn^l l I Commission Exhibit 94 —Continued 352 . , C>nx ^CiL L^ttiiCf y^s.^-<-> , .-<- ,, ,,<..V l.M^ 6^ c'-rv ^y«.v-7 C^^^ ^^p ,.^^^y -<^-^f^ ^^^ZA^ ,.,^ZJ.^^%> ^-it^^,:^ ^^.^^^cMfl/ ^2^ .^ /^i..!--sK^*;(. ^y^x .^^^^^ c.^^^-*iC^ ^^ /^ viy .! y^-^-^ j^^f^.,,^ ^^t ^,. ^.-^ - .^u ...^r >c.c^^^^ ...y,.^ ^^z:^ -'^:i::l^ ,_. i ^^^ y yfj '^^^'. .'^ ^-<>C 7 ••V' V*'^ 'T^^ «*i;rv-*'-»<' b>' ^ . O^ -/">• X '^*'^\--^ <^v_».,0^ V • / ^ J> ' . .. ' . . J./ > .;'> •) l\^* .. ^.r^ -/ {->*. .-tc^^f^Le yl, -V /Jig'^uu.^'iSu. A.-^-*-^?^ ''^^'^^-'^ ^'^j^iXe^,.^^^ ^^ ^^ l^^^ ^^/J^ ^-<- -<--«^-*^ ^3^^-^ -^ t.«>tx^^i^ ,c,^^A>t*'f ,;^<-^' ^ole^ ^^-^f^ <*^ ^%U^ ^ii«?::250?*S»-rf*s^ ^v^&ts- .SZ.^C<.^Op 5***,^^ .'s:::?' rC^ ^ 4^^ ^ J )-^>^ if-7-2 tyC^^ , r\.t**-' >'»* J (J^r^^lct'^^j - iit^r c^t^fc-.- «^ t"y^ -^a^ .^^^je^ Vl^T>^->t« *^^^2C^^.A :„' x\-V-<^ -^tOOvM- ^5 .t-^*« »« it^ tn^tKzJ^ t >«^>^ ^»v<>-- ^L^ X* ,JU er*^ jTir c^^A >^' -<^-v^ 5^ <:*»>-»e^»' Commission Exhirit f)4 — Continued 355 V- ^*T""^^ "'^ "^v ''-^^^^'^-^^' '^'^'-^y^^ ^^^-*^'<^f^^ i^;.-.^ -'Ci.-^.*-* 7^ > -tCtrdJ' ^:.H^ -- i^;«" u/^^TM^f^^-^^ ~- ^K^, ct:>*c'S^£,i^ <,o-X* .^-ei.^.-^ '*^^^ ^Z^ ^ ^--e*}^ c-^-e ^^2«^ *^ /^^ :A^.^:^ zt^-a~^ ^l^ ^i^^ , -^^TJUs^ c* ^^^#>*-^t*-«.-^,^^ jV i^Ct<^..„.^^UL, c:^^-^^^ '^^'^ >> \.t* -C^ I -^ S »^^b^ ^^k> c^ Commission KxHiiiir 94 — Continued 356 'i^ ^Jli^.C'Jii.^^a^ .-o .tX^ti^ ^C^'ii-ip .^ ^-K^-c^ £,-..»w^ i,/t^ ^,.^5^ ---^2*.«*ue,j>^ ..^ 2^ -7 ^^Mc^rJi:. %X^^^^^^s^^^ -:^^a ifes 'P'^T^X, ,i^'-*^>^' .cr^ -^ijt ..^..^iir, .„^..:,jjti^ ^l^,^^ t:i:r^"^r " 7r,.r-^ i'^y^-'^y .j/-.^-,-^ .^.-^^^.^.^^ iffL<^y ^C: >^. /..-:'. . ' ^ -'''-.<-. y^. ..^,c. ..^^ <.-^-^^ -^.^• o^^ci^fi^ifi^^^ - **r>«^« i^^^ :., ^'. ^:^ o» ^ "7-'* S»*^-^ /j*-"^ ^£^*-^' 'S'-'V^ "i^ 2^ 3'> Commission Exhibit 94 — Continu(Hl 358 /> .......^.^c^ /.^^, .^^y ^^ ^ .^ ..JTZ^^ .JT^^'^^ J'^\Ji^) <*>^^ *^^i**4- ^.^^*te? .i^Z^J^ --^>^ -^^^ J^U.--^^ ""^'^•'^ /. ^t^iCC vJ^Ciw*^ C^^^J^ ^49.*^ ^ y>v*** ',^5fc^^^^«r^^^>»j2^^" ^v-> --(^nt^^ < i. -di^ L<^^*n. -^--f-c^ e,-t>^.*~4.-'^ ^.Z^ .vU^->». Commission ExiiiniT 94— Continued 359 O**^ ..^JCjM*'*^ U^J/tS ^-Htd-t^^Xyg* ^ '^:»^*t«r 'h^.n^oO l/^*Zf ^X!^ ^ .„.»-_ /i'-l**^ ^J^U ff^-r^ - & vtn.. 2^ 6-*UHJi-^ / .^/^^ ^^L^.^1^ ri y Commission Exhibit 94 — Continued 36 0-64 vol. XVI- -25 361 €i'Y^ /«^ ^jOt C*^ OJf ^^.>^. 4C/1 (/-^ •^"X^X* >u.«s^^ i^*^?^ .//f .W4c £-.» c. -^.i^.^»»«**6-'<25iH*vJl_ Commission Exhibit 94 —Contimied 362 nwnppc xl6 -c/ZivJ' Ov^. /^ / £jl J^^i^i.^i^ '^ U^^^M^^JtM. '^^t'^ --<50 -^W> y^«—»w4tA .^«-puAA^ ^• t v^,y^ ^ jL^dm^iJ o^ •KtXft-^'^T Vj ^ 4. i/UUt^^^ ^ _>a ^ ^«^«-t-* -i-k-C- Commission Exhibit 04 —Continued 364 /*t-*y t\^*f$^u^ .^ "5<.^ ^^^i:^^t«vi.^j^,,5j.^,.^^ t^ « '-^' • ^, Commission Exhibit 94— Continued 365 ^^u^i/f'O ,1^*^.^^^ C^X >> tt^t^ciKM-,^ >^/<^^^ c./l.^-' y /S-jT .-c^'yi^^^S^ iV-««^ .??^.vc < r-»> i^-k-j '/^ >^« < t. If AAc-^^ «t-tt^i*v,^ .^ > . « <.<- /^» ,, t^'-"-' - ^ .>*>' ,:*^'<»*. «^'w ^^». ' ..» ^ » •' f'c^if^ y-<^j' ^^'*^ .^r^^^-^ C^LcA, y a-, J /, f- 5^ iilic. Commission Kxiiirit 04— Continued 366 ^}> >«-»^ j.M»^ y.oc^Cr^^:^ ^^c y^ .y^,,^j >>%m^ «;**-s^ C-' f c -Wtc'V^-A—-«v»gu^^ ..^ _ ^ :^^Z^ ._ —<-^^ '-*-*w^ w5X^ ;^? .^ ^-<*-4*'^u€ 3 -.oZ^wf ^4-<^ <^<5^- ^^*^ ^^t^u^^, y£i^^Ui^:2*Jr^ .ZXu^^t^^ ^ I ? --i^^^t^i^i^ ^ .^^, ^--^-^^ A.^.^Y ..^^^^<^ ^^*^^ --*-^'*^^ -^^ -««:. ^ X^tL, ,!:4. --^ ^. -c-..^.^ .^y/^y^^^ <^^H?C#^ Commission Exhibit 94 — Continued 367 « ^'rr if^^ ^•«^ -^Ji / J-^«^ ... C.,^ --• W< - • .. .^ ^j^^ *^ ^*-^ t.^ .fXji-^^ -•^ ' r-^^. Commission Exhibit 9-1 — Continued 368 >»-5. V ?...V- -- ^^, .^-c^. "^^^c^u ,^^^<^i^a^ /^-^'t.^t^^ ^.fiC'^.JZi^ •.^.. ''.-'' '^ '---^ v^e.',..^,. ^-/ ^t' ir^j::^ / • ; ^' •• -• • :^'^fr ,2/^ ^_^-..>^-»»^ f\>vtit' '-^^-tJt^yl^^ ^^,\ ^A^ ^^cCaJc 4^ 09^M^m<.rj9y^i i ^0/h\0^3^ ^ ^^,£!(P ^*> " « *^ Commission P^xiiiitiT 04 —Contimied 370 wjiawaap w J um'ianBr^ i ^^ <^^^ -^ Ji^^^<-^ /-^,.x,^ n<-^-^.^ ^'7^^'^-^ ^-r-^^ I'^J^*^ ^iUU^^ -W -^^ ^ ^^'-o-c^ ^ J^i.^^^.^^,^ "^"^ o-^w^ ojC.^*^ .-/^if , -"^rrj ..«^2^a.^t.4*/c *w-v#cUwV -rwu^It-v^ f^ Jf^ ^tt^U^ t*^*--^'-^ .-i-^l:..^^ -v^.^.**^ .-^ ^y*^^ //*. ^^...^ ^ .^^, /,.^_^,^^^ ^K,cJZ/C4>^ ..^J.^c^c..JU . ^ O CD Lf*-^ '*/ - r.'-!^^,r^. *^/t yC>v '^••S^*? V. •v^ Commission Exninrr 1)4 — Continued 371 o f. \Z?'^ '• # 1/ Commission Exhiuit 94— Coutinued 372 P7" v*!*/ C^ -e^Xd ^Xp y^t^fi*^^^^*' ,.^>>eM (^ij/jI.^ r /it*ir*-^ fir^Ji -A, 'Z J ^ '^. fc/K^ 90 ^M ,*un-<^ -^'Ss(p u-i^/i, «««,tJ«d Cfr ^-'/c* ./' .<-^ c,r^ -/-. r X/P ^m^ i -^..u^^ ^./^^^^ .^-^..^^ .-t*^LUyl<:^ -'i^ 'alfl Commission Exhibit 94 —Continued 373 ^; y < yy^ f-/^yc.c .^^ ^'^iH '^'-t.-C-»» Y^V i.£^<^ ^t^ ^VT^'-S-TC^ .-X^-«t.«.-«» ,t^'->^^C^^ .-^^Cf '^*^ < '^ ' / -7 - -<::<> _-«^v X;-*^ -• <^ » '^-c ^-X , ^ -^ /» V -r . *^-c -^ «. -i&o.x4» ^, ^.^^t-^ ^r /- ^J^^^-^ ^.^ A ,M^/u^t^ o^_ ji/^ /vn.^''.<" :.-**l**- ^ , ^Z^U . CAt. U,'i/i (/t->--,-f^ (•^\>-(i/< -y**.- , -,.C.<^ ,- // > ^5Jt'.f>w .' . <: 1 « . . ^- • y y •/<..- %v <. Commission Exhibit 94—^Continued 375 ,.*^^,-*^ XVM>^ Ji^/j-^-^^C^ ' y^^-^L^^ ^,^yi:i.^jL yC(^ aja ^t_«w«l -Xtj J^^^^fu^ ^i^iU^-^C^ yflk«^ ac«<«t^ * cy^.Ji^ ?yu>''tA^ ojUj» .>,vi3^'i»»««-^. Ci.7 -/^»-tii£«J J / #i^ i^^^ ^ » w*- -»V J^f?^ w.»»..^^U,^< ^ ..:^^ <^^„^^^^^,^?^ yt:l~r^ ^ M^ ^ ^^^^^^j^- .-^v^ o.--^..-?. ,: -r .£- Commission Exhibit 04 —Continued -536 0-64 vol. XVI- -26 377 Commission Exhihit 94— Continued 378 * )^^' rMw>i^ *o .^ -^^o/ >nC^UUt «^..J»<^ -^w,*^ ^ 4,y^*^Y^'^ r^ >^ •^H-^^-^ ^^ >V*v<»>^ , i^ ^i^i ..;,«*„w. Ai^^- .^ZfA*^ y I'aiTfir^^'' ^%<'^ -c^uW ^-i.i&y ^~iJ.ZjL^ o^ " m * V ''^4fe«-«-^'**>»f/ '5^ • .l^'^^^l Commission Exiiihit 1)4 — Continued 379 — Continued Commission Exhibit 94 380 ' ^ •S^^ tr7 "^y'^ytf/^ -^*--'-' y, ^,,^,,XJ3>s, ^-j «^'» » ' ^ - ^^^*f»^Ji^ Ja ^Ctit^ •zi. ^ •a-<.^> **^" i^. ^ 16^^ kC'i:f( -7 ^-,\^ t^^jy^tn/^ ^9 (< yt*-*J^ ^-jLC^*Oef <5^ <1>»V^ c^^f-*^ 'i M'sAM Ma/^' jUci^ .UJtu^' ,-,4i^Z^ ^ / :i//rrW./^<*7 ^ ^-^ xj-t^^-CCi-^ ^•oA. O^ -i^'' cX^ <^ ^ -^ ^..^M^ cr^ .6« c'';> vw*- A-*- yv*-f. A ^t,-> ^/^ ^..^ ^^Art<^ J^^^-^ .^KT'' -v<* x/o"^ «-^ .^ \lj4^Aj^ Ac '*-^^ .J^^^ -K^l^ .iz;/ ..^m^ .C/1 f-l t^n,*4H»«^ 7,2^ ^^^-^x -/ X vtV < -«.->. o *^ /^»<' V 7^ /Ci Commission Exiiirit 94 — Continued 382 *' •• '-S -^ cXjy -"^^^y^^^^^-JN- '/: X^ ,y&/Xt^ f »^ /L,.>«,*^ l..Ari^ ,Zi^ If^-^^ -^ -<^^ *<^*»-w jCi^ ^V j2s<^ i4» , . ^^ss;:? c7«U:^ .^3^ •6 ..^^ M^^, .,:^/'<^ :€ri^cj>^ ^j^;^ "^^"-^ ^^'^^^^^^ ^^'^^-tttjf^ JLuXL*!^ ^^;^v^^ JiZe^,^/ .<2^ ^j:^Zi.'ir yX^'Z**^*^'''^ ' ' ^"*'' w^^^ ' •V>,0^ *H>H^« ^-^tiaf^ Commission Exhibit 94— Continued 385 -»«*^i^3M^ ^J?U-»v*-r^ ^^*^ '^^UtrteM^ -^s6 y ^i**» -^ '^'^^ - >V4^WU^ i^,^^ ,U^ ,^^^ -^^ ^' Commission Exhibit 04 — Continued 386 J mmmf' (, •v^^ Cc.^U*'*^ >»t^*^ i>V' /.^tfv ^V' ( /i>trf/ .A^^'^ , /i^'^^^^-y^ »^ ^^^ >«?**< ,y4C^-^C ^^^^"/y^^^^^"/^' -«r-^ <'^-» ..^£.*--«0^ ~-^. X ' ^ ' ^ «5*t. /«-<•»- 't^^^ ' -'iw ^ ^*vt,^*4^ ^^,.4^^ ! r^*-<^y fsr" t-«<«^ » ^ 4^' ^ --^^ -^^-4 ^•1 V /-« ,* , < ^V K^/<^-: / '^< ' f f*' ; i^ \ **^^^ -L-t*/ ^~ Commission Exhibit 04 — Continued 387 ' // -ndc structure of the city p11 rendy rives rrn icier of the c^rv^tlon p. cTKjLtpl if the 3ol .?**«i=4a 3tntc In 19^5 only 3>^ahort yeprs 'rn.fY.c ar':«tecll>»i.4)lpnni"!S<: nny be nny thine- -but modern Vi'Jt It Is republlce, er streets --'? nnrrow r' •k laid streets |CurV.np ^! r uf-h t;.fc rltiy like mrrtf* •=t-ne b jat hltu. - -r"f the ran in street •=^s»k^'; »' er end, - -'nslve prvV.f^^in deslnn rnd c ntend f this j^roij'ect is very reflective f the \m4% af this city frra nrt- * r ti.lP Btrair-ht ps sn prrow vCcy ' f the city in- clucee In Tl;e fij-st tw^ r.lles.the -ritrr jit-rtrmnt ' *' the city, H'tel Minjif -^nd the Mfln Post Office. T^e hotel was built In 1^0 n the direct order^of ji#«M^M wpa rrieved "t the thflt only;, r, , 1'', rielaold-ited, hotel existed -% thnt time v-hen he T-rld -n offlcisl visit t" this the CRi^ltnl -f Belleniifslflythe •-" -=, bn.ilr' in three months, n record f-^r "he entire S-^viet "ni^n, "^^ttbalEi ''n'i hps iver '^ras a -i -dern well A»i i. WW nnd built hotel 'lox 8hfl.ped It serves rmny tourist trr'-plin.^ frora Termnny and Polpnd throurh V\r^\H, to Moscow. Commission Exhibit 95 388 r.e - .9 i-once In ^he Gree)- -•''''a. "he pro8';ect if " rens st-^re . >ilntl': .'•." tin i. unve . t stands » shoe st re. ;jt.e centrnl beautj' sr.'^;) t; r it; r''i- St' re nnd nt re) furniture st- rr^7- '^ 'IlniBtory : Intern.-^l Affplre •..h'^Re joss la t-ufrh nllltpry Ool'^nel^''ic> -Ic" AlJamf -f t;-.e "..eo,jle8 :.:111t.1p" .he hoi 'f irritM" -f Internnl Affplr?, the cmT 19 his "-^ ji'i r" - ^'^- -' • "-? (-•• IcH^ T Internol Sec.rlty ^{Intelllre-r p ord Secret : ->ll.eiur /9rr — :';' " 4ft^=i le "'e ever SKxyjtJl ^r^ '. s:ject/ ho'^V: shop •^rr'^p'= •'r •- trlr 1.0 the •'Vf'n r-^'e rr'^'-'ced ^^Bter'ir.t .'•nc f five •:^:^e f r tW", : s " nr* fried or>'~' or-e 1 n.-^tead - ''iHt the "K^fetfl"/ 'ir.'^ "est i;a''-tle8/ '^•^ r.'^re rr.e'^t ..p./^r-r" Mind beef T'tlea .etlnez-^nnr-nl ., nre -^jv/pyB aervod in v;nr':ers rtlr.inr n rrj '.'^ atsnd up c'^fes for .7 -^fixx at nif^ht). -^i* a me«tlmiiS,aweet rolls, coffee, ona fsll frultB, srladsand t-mnt-ee cpn nlso be bought. 21 t.-iv ,vi M.f .r:"i!!Tri.'.„?5!!i'».>'^ "I'l-)^!' -^'_ ^ ;i.:iS_iii;^i^ Commission Exhibit 05 —Continued 389 £-»f^ r^;/>^ T6 /v/?yv/ ^/r/e Soo,'cr u.^/trr^ /s /^h,Me>^ the Southern b ri er "f the l'o3A Tr- m M'^ld vlr * lulls pre en vvithout » jjssa, pIT. c-ts, tracks -nci ther ..rlvote vechloB ore stopi^ed pt -Tllce fheck ; ^lnt8 tn these preas. n-rln rnd ,jlflne and omb terrain Is 'le r. t rll^wet' t'' sell tickets t tr.fse .^Inces wlthnut belnp: sh'-v.n p ;;Bfi8.)"rt r 'nelnf~ Ph"V/n n vOld I lit"] n • ' ners pdriress Is In the forhldren city, v:t'rs na .-Ire-idy ?lvlnr In these ^If es -.ry ^rp"el freely t'^ nnd r-r. - *w.a,.^ V-,- «,foi^ -V 0-. Ts '- ,, » -,^ •v-gj,f) < f^ 1th "Ut opases; ''''I.ces^nd ~ne iriust It HP"' "^e explained thnt In fhe Eastern E'lrvoe^n c/fst ^m all citl-ens ijoon re chin'' the p^^ -f 1<^ ye-re pre i-lven r i fcjutrr "ppsRpnrt" r Identlf-cstl'^n :/pi)ers. rn the first -.ja -e Is a fot-' and iyers nsl Infri^raatlon, n the follnv/lnp 4 pares ,are places f -r the rei-rlBt^lnp of address/ this Includ^aK' rented ro->ms, n the next f'^ur ppres pre places f-r r.aklnr f ..atlculpr remarks ^S t'' / the conduct "f the cprlejf, j^^-.lpce be' ter kept blank the neKt ' three pa^es are f r reelsterlnr the ^^I'ces f work .then the next ,)Bre Is f r ynprrl-re license nn.; dlv-rce atpnips jchese "oasSjjrts" .,,.0 ,v, „ ,-e(j f.-r p Braall f/jfgtSm^ every five yesrs, a 1' st passport cm. '^e "eplaced rft-?r " s;- rt InvestPfftl n for 10 rubles, all i.ersrns regardless -f ^latlonpllty ^re required t^. corry these fif ^Hn^^ In the Soviet t'nlonypre all^M marked -n the ppssport for Instnnoe = Ur>Jj(rnnlon Is ''r;^'-rlnulon p Jew Is narked Jew^-^n lrrr,lP-ront Is narked -is t nlace ^f birth, ns In the cases -f the nany Aa«r nr yn e i In the U. 3.3. R. pIs-- ^n the^^^afes .n Commission Exhibit 9") —Continued 390 - c' f-r n pci*'! isunlly rlninrl nrt:Te irrT.X-nr.'zs -.y i/sinted sue: as, Crrl-s Vcnterc, b^rn e:rt Air s, 19?^i I'esldent Buen^-s Ali-fs til] 1"3:> ocruj.pti'n utucient Ir.nlfi'jJttC t l. o.o.R. , . " r, er.^"r-r- t-~ Insi'rr- :iiV\\ . .ei,riP Itt t.rt C;rl a . ': ' •. * - •'-': ; t r ; r1£ -.. .... L -: :.ts 1.11" .^- r-ive: e . ^-- • rent rpa sttenti n, , , b thrt he r.ev- •. -ets '^ ''-v -' - "•-iBe i \ -- ' ' 3 ;. • (1 ir-pteiT. Suropesr.. :' 'Cp-CC -es.ect thpn the Fueslr.ns treat ^pc or v-Ttl'-'-i.-ry In the "sr "f ^Pinr ovorrieri en ^nertrent f»r.y ii— li~rnr.t, n nptter hov '11?-'^ rtT.t he -ny ho'i'e 'bepn in hlfl nptlve country "op -^mct ''es-. "rv rf^'^'lt ft '- r.eeffilf'r.' -ef! ""ent snd >p'np t this la ;.prt f the J ^^p r\/ -. -..-irte orlve t- Impree enrr.ers -- ' ^he hlrh level f life ir. the U.S.3.R. Tv.'elve nlles outflide '. --I"- l8 r sh -v.- c^llei'tlve f^?'-' f i" fTelfrni tourlat "..•;. •"r.'ilnc j-verore c^dlectlve r>9M)M, -. It Is filc-st '-v- r !.".; rl: - - ' le, Including wuto- tic li::er6, fieaers, ever. .-•toQfitlc fl r clemers. 7; e collective s -^t thio i,l»ce «l>n" ' It:. '; Pli- c-nterp)|^rte -' * e bsre vH^ .fiet^J^ lace iHiii^ s : 'It; f Lelnrfrpc^ ^l^a^ta. v.ell built spprtrient i.,^use8 ': a pnd cl:thlnp; stores bull" * ':.'- - first fln-rs. Ft the 'oenlflt •^*' --•-"-• ;-- ':" , .^.-'i' *- * ctuped I R'lr-rest you ^p^'e t' f ' r . ^ ' : -' .Hoc until ("^me t-> llesteech vh era fey fi'.'lnr t- '.recti n^ y^u ccn In flvp ^ Inutes finr' p "?-: •• -' , - -'."'" -•- ^'e nnpll blorh Commission Exhibit 95 — Continued 391 jmi m -r-i1 rrrv . r.ouseB, seen t}-rourh-ut the S-^viet Unl-n pth\ "- lnM*Po forn the Kremlin It fioesn't hpve eleo'-^rf^dty .. Insl I . lu- -In"- \- '-nknov.Ti mo the -^nly »iMtomptl'»n 1b thst ^- — P r..' -^5,000 collective fri're In the Soviet ..• -c, • n-i ns ",1^^' Stn'-n -^-ry-H r-m^-v^ the '•-•'ernnent, C'^llect'.ve "-rr.er3''n'in"-er '--.^ nll^l-m peivjle ^0., *}-e r •I'' r'C'l^e f-r- ?' i chlc>.pnfi r /.•Iri t p'/ n e: - . .;: ' , 'isunlly j f nn rore, ":ut *'e '. s^l't^^n -nd t ^nl-lr. In PU! n-^r nnd fn!'! 'pfects these -"sdvpntares". ?f •w,'>dp;M r. ^itlll without electricity "collective fnrne" hsve .re fea ritdlo ji'OPrrpra pnd Bpeskers in ev--r:- h"ne.thlp Is .c: t !' the ijropocrndR nyster Instlrr^ted b;/ trtr asriogt t "'crinr: the rt8 >la pIs ^ fr-rf-gr^^^e^ "!5 veil PS pctrl^tl^'-nd 3ovlet science ^^^^p^j-f, ' hlst-'Ty. ^n oT,tit"oe t vprcls his r.turles ^^f ftta3i^£*<*d. -—se/i/cu,<^es^ ^- Commission Exhibit 95 —Continued 392 ..ii<.^.~.i^. 2/^ CO. ^•' usuolly r "" ^ ^ eir n-in-scr-^ :' c. '.1 • r. "- e local "ehilftren.i : P-" t; ose r^ ,: hlrhly -.rmn- •'•m''-^'io- centers f r chllr.rens, w-^re bn'-.ies ) chi.l^.rer. nre .river. •'•r-t?c;: 1 ' ti'plneu ^ Vp 3-^ Viet ••c -)r.e '- .' i n r' I. ese • r " 1 ': C . - \c\ - n <^ " '-t r fl -t : ^nlt'^rlunis nnd hoRt-dtplfi u'e scFit*'ed pi'^ur/'! t.^e Blic": ^nrl Cns^iin 3°"i,'":-e "ve-'""* - p" -^f t-e S "i 1.^ i.r^r pr r'-er t" 'et. » res«rvr-t v-^n *'t ne Mcjv)9y COf^ tiff " T ^ a ttf iricj i i " 1' ticket reservfiti^n pfter sh^v.inr' tr^t he r.RS the ri':r.t t^ his tl;ree weeks vrc(3tl--n, (30 In u-Ti er us occupRtl'-nj r r.lninj') l/e : )v ti.e "; et--.' :-^" fr^i., Mln«k ) ^r /^ 1'^) I'Ui'lee , . - i£^g^js^^^5a^^5jjaBMa83waePBiPia^'^ggiga^rfi Commission Exhibit 95 —Continued 536 0-64 vol. XVI 27 393 <2/7 '-^^ " "CHifciT f "be trpde unlonfl ( p wrrkcr/ pM \' f hie j.py eprnlnr '"S rinen p Ti-ntJ-) he • p'' nly )• ove t- ;)• y 5*^5 (J f the totpl c-Pt If It Is Pt » trorle "nl'^n hullt house -^f rest ^r r.ei;u'->llcln 3pnlt'^rlurn;J;3«ei3iB^ ''t theae olnces Included three p-crnd u«"!iiu_lli.'i* •eplfl p (^pv i-'-e o'tcnl-n f cl'-ct'^rH ond iiirir i iinrifili- .Tid 'plllnp; f->pllltle8, rAv^e beochea ond cm \^nm^''\^ -nci p?.l neceBautles. J'cre r -dORt ^l a<< ntl-L^ 3 cp". hov/ervfr,- f n'' ' "nl-s t rest rr.-PB rierrer hne.ln ^'re cpp.e f I'lnJ"':, t- Z ^D'T.i 'J ^'^cpted In , Ine » V**« three houra from Klnf;: 4^ h-:rfi the s. r;e servlceB rrlnus the .e « cr.es I'rult pr.d swn cpn be hnd f r ->s little as .;5 ru'oles f-r tv/o weeks. ether rest h-nes include LI v -d nnd K'prock located 100 nllea n rth-v:est of ''.Injk on the shres of TO Tile 1 nr Irlce Huroch deep In t;.e :.ine f'^rest ^f Belerusr.ls i.'here hpre-huntinp; ond fishlnp; cpn be hpd PS wel'' «s the msupI rent home services for "^5 r ^'^ rubles -... „^., --^j^i^eps 'vh-ine y t » tluu ** d flpeclpllst for*^nptlonpl ecomony. The city ii*cl hps nofr sec^ndery JaE©*«*i collep'es vocptlonrl nnd fpctory schools. These schools tepch a rlprloua 5 yepr course il" vocp.tlonsl -nC, . oiitlcal subjects. ^^ f: : =; Commission Exhibit 95 —Continued 394 1 :-i_.-f, ve^r c-urse 'f •'''C^tl^nsT ond p-lltlclol fl".h1ect8. ';:' 9 o1 %s i,i ''^r <',t'iripn + 8 ^Tf ' -oot^ri "(•rr their res-' ectlve Institutes , n^n- ' "ealrentlsl st'i^'ents live here. Often these numbers exceeds the ro-na md mny hove t- >'ent roons In the city. Al] rooms 15-15 ij' feet h">ufle 5-^ students with ,]ust en^U'-'h. ro-m to sllow metal beds to be plpced ^r und the wells ?nd e tuole "nri choirs In the middle ^ there Is not ro ,m enour'h for closets s^^ clothing la kept In ault- I •; crses a.naer beds. Here, except -^w^«4*)S the three-ra'-nth sunners vpctlon, students live r.nd study f^ r 5 years. Common rooms vith 6t-|^8, -re -Is locptea rt the alto - '^f 1 room t^ fc student llvlnp; . «(Ufiters f--r i;o'i"'m1 rxythe olepnllnes of linen, pnd r^oma 's well pa the entire dornlt'-ry J&rlKs mrMnf the students. The num";-er -f Ftudents in the U.3.S.E. in 19''-0-r^i was 2,^?6,000 U.S. fin-ure 1,816,000 or lO; per 10,000. \1 stuoents In hlrher educptionpi institution re- . ; CPive 'J^;i£££S»6" -r '-r^nts of monev at the rate of U^o rubles s \ -l month "ecpr^^"' ess ^f »ji»k.lii" vocptlons.f^r sjjcfi^feaae t-^ outstnndlnp \ . f^r^ries a studenit msy reeleve the mnxlmpn ~f 50 rubles per-month. Thus nl"! Btn'^entfl ore paid t-^ s'-Mtiy in the Soviet Union, un^'ike \'.\ the United States where etudenta must pay tuiti'->n t-> lenrn. This :i l8 the repa-^n i-'hy the Soviet Union turns r,ut nlm^et three times as m«ny engineers 139, •'>^^ In 1959, twice »s mnny i^uiMiihiiiiiii '+'77,^0", Ta^VinlfWns and nther|f Si^eclalist .this is why the Soviet Unlnn hafl mire doctors per 10,000 f |)opulatlon (lo.^n 19'^0 Jthen any ^ther country in the worldfu.S.A. (12.1) If^fiO/rerardleas '^f the lack.- \^ of dormltor^i inrl j:..iTilin nrl llvlnr c ndit "na nf the students, !•• thpt we have in the U.S., we ftrulc definltly learn from the \'\ rerilous Pnd hlfrhly speclpll^ed educati-^nal system of the Soviet |'S Union. A fl-'stem -.vhich Jointly pnd cprefully instills ..'^lltlrrl t. Commission Exhibit 95 —Continued 395 I 11 re V C'tl^np: trrlnlnr Int erch snd t^very student Just ^t- Pt ti.'. i ys and >lpnt8,ercb pnd evtry Inetltu'e^ has its c :\.t- f rrty chiefs, p.ectlonpl pnti. rlpsa. f r tepohers rnd .•rcfesfl^re rs './el] psVstudents. At the .'-tm' C^ncrcsp In Oct'^ber 19^1. ' Krushchev, i-loyhi'e y T-^' 1 tf'Jt Tf every S pers-^ns 1 1vlnr- 1' '^he Soviet Vnlon '•II'' '-r^-e s i-ir-i-py ed'jc8tl-n, ''Ms 1? Ar •7nh'"rd ->f flP^jrcj but \t In ^n » t 1 nc^er the syste'i In the Snvict 'Jnl-n. jrpre'_- •-• -f>} ^ qo v-1 - ^^Kstltlon-^ -f ' - rlty In the S'-.vlet ^fi'icc t*. ^n^l :lf>n.« «':.c) nor<^»* ' • '.n the !'.3. in >M>4i^>EpulS'^ry --ver " five ycT ycrlocl Ir. enrlnerinr ^nd pis- r.edlclne rt Test -.ne lonPTuo-e Is c-'nplua-^ry. The studied Innpruofreo in ^rder if Im- unrtpr.ce Pnd j-opulprlty rep>lnv3Vl ^1 vd . "^c, f'osoow is r rn-d. al««i* for ««srt5# hly ex -.reasl ve.P.ussl«n .<-npi!--'re, p'0.1tli'Pl texts Pi-e kept t p iinlrjluri in thin book md --.'" ".""''e 8 Commission Exhibit 95 —Continued 396 . '- ' ^ ". :• Bt -f •,- l-ii.-infi '^f text ''.r,oke / iHa^ ' rlntf^d ' " ' -jT'let ''r.l-n every y( r^- ar? n" "'*.-'. ec" pt t" f " >:: ir f^ * ' iT^rr"*^- *' ii ' ---rr relm ''''tV.r ?ro ^r In ted •' c ?'i3fi1.- n Innriw-e ond <^t}ierijlnt i onv :.- ' *•; ^^ V ' ' - -es - Inni'lty .' In the ",3.3. P.. '^ f I'rf- . slptlon r.f the ..J.O.F.- .'Ion, however- ra» fe-t7- nof.vilct1.on| flrMr-8 rre deptrnlbuted (• n^- 1 c 'In I'v, inc. f "• fi'* ctlonnl rr u .s. Sore if v;hich ;irve ps few se i^, "' ,.e jc ^ t-sM/i.- ^'- e t n(":e. A"i sn there ^re ^C' 000 ;,eiPons in the Soviet T'nlon x<'hn pre fft» Sprier' not Mxitw ii rli^ln.-if theoe the lee(5,erfi pre "c sl.^v^f. ii'"": ' » Al'^tnions iJ.rOr,: 4fr-- ne l.PO': T'cnar^s 1,^"";, Itpllpns 1,/no, l.nor, 3-innlsh !,""'', --nd Argentines (estlmpted) 4,000. Since the flfures fr«# Arf-entlne lrr"'i.-r;=ntfl 1r n^t riven In the lf-,, herloc nnvelfl ^.v-ut ^ •rtiiln'^ up the Vir,-'n l-ndB in SiberlB pn<' the wild country E»et of the Umla, As vpr Commission Exhibit 95 —Continued 397 t7 ^.w^-crlofcri V'y Zrtvln.- Levliie la hla ';ook "ITTtlUhi 3t:eet U.j.S.R." : . '06 pre few pnu f»r Vetwetii v.lth tJ.era a^^t to be "boy 1 vco - tractors - loves lUrl" e Ifio'n .r how lv=n Increofled uroduc- tl -.n f.t hl« npchlne to vln the np«»4 nrrp^-*4Aai^ y ^^ea** llnefi, hnv.ever frrelcri *ifiia»n •efr. ' o cVi-^per, "'Prcnp they vr'. '^e r/oiut the .-''ecpy cn;^ «ii4«^«M£fi=8te^ "' " •"•el.r \-c<\ rioX'ivp pAnntry. '^•-r'' iriafiiitiai- "loot: fiet-'.B ': ' i' choaen t.-. fl>>n'. t"r-t " i" n «i V"! «>J-fcxi^ 'An'''" f'eo?' r .'yln-- It Auerlcen suthm-B Include, Joe*. L ndon, Tl^rneet '-Tenln\ay 'nd -t;''.rH. 3one f thfiflf' -..rltera pre ^ften very '-'>;jiilnr 'n '1 e ".3. A. 'Mit n.-.t for tie snr.e reflBnnfliJ'cV I'^ndon '..Tote K/i«t we consider 'Ccventiire st'Tlee while tlie Fusflicns C'>nfllcier ther t^ ' e nf Ti nt' irr of present dpy life, Errncst Fer.-ln»;'vpy , vrMte "old ripn »nd the 3ea" s deeply touchlnp story of npna etrutrrle .•wlrist netire ^nd the see, while here It la considered en Indlctrent -f cp^lt/illst society nlthourh Henlnrvsy, unlike J^ck London, v.bb never a Socli^llstt. F'^r r -erson repdlnr r'e'peotlve st-^rlee by f-.relfn writers one Rets n very deoreflslnf f»»e]lnf md Is .verwhelned by the f' w^y uafi in' i" i iilwii of the life f^eolcted In then, .^t^ er ^''^relpn Butors Include Le^n^'rcl "rnnV. , ''rermpn \\wt liit; 'Tl1"il; "Thlnp'fl Ab They Are" i:nrlleh: rnil n^ 'e oiofiGtcnl '.r'rlters anch »s Alevnnier Drue "i^nun^ Mrrr'o" v^ench pathor, "Sht-rlock Holmes pnd CaotBin 'lood" ''re a1 fl" Vn^wn nnfl renfl Tn Mie ".3. 3.".. ''it snch titles pre few nnd hni'd to find. Dlc'^ens howeve ". ;' '-m,, iCC " ' ntiWt , 10 Commission Exhibit 95 —Continued 398 . whex'evei 5rk TwRln oi.oks rre rl so fnuncl In «ijanlty such novels of "0-400 ^p».re8 j^el" r 1.50 ruMes nr leas. Spy Mir ifo^ou^st S'torles rpnU hl^h ln*puV.llcotlon and th harefr.re, m\ ul i't>,e .Ith ti.e )aB4it-fl ^ 're iften then not Amerlcnn r Weet '^errion s )le8»_— ^yg^ rP|,> tared In -tv^e end b 'p V 'in., ^iniiBr ri>», Snviet o-.urter eaolnnpcre rc-ent. *Tew(>')pr)ers «nd m.-flro^lnee sre f" - -l.i'-(t indertoklnf with a«l tVie •'I'lntlr.r' If not. the 1r:' TA33 Soviet news acency rovevnr;ent hwlIiui*. All neW3;>»i>er8 11 wmBAr^xmeKti^aa^U Commission Exhibit 95 — Continued 399 're ops'Bn*' "T nne -^r '•noi *y nr t) elr su":;slrternrle8. OeifH^%M0 If rt )n-oi=!r8 "re ".^rvlttt ^ 1 "ji jii iij t;;e CP/«' #f^ tU^oiiln HHf in r- )f the CTmritnlfit ^nrty ?^1 yrn^ij ir m sp->rt ^f ^Vif, newB 'jjers t; e orppn tie af 'Ifilcp" cult^\ ' '* ^ rnllrof.ds nev;s .poere In trie orppn of the r.lnlfltry of ^igi trons- pne of tie ii'ffln of c nirol Is . ri:itt .' -i^' on c-nsist f friur peres except on 0;-le# event's where the number Is increrised fron four fr two 'topecks .p.-i;e six ipre^ tr, foi^ three k.o;;eckB. AcTvertlfllnp la un'tnovr. mA or,-.;i'ecesapry In r r'.verrnent i-ontrolled ecnony v^hf.re r.rices Te rl?ff^ jjgTlnwg^gt . fppr ol-n. f-j^ TV e first, ..p™.^ In ^^^ 3 vlet Innpuore^ is ('.evel'^ped to porty news and a-jeechfe. The second to^ sroductlnn notices «^ lor'p'' Inri.iiBtrlnl pcheivrenta soch te the openlnp" "f » o"' nc'.-i i^awttnoi.- r^n the -vei'f "•. \pr -T <«>a«fee rft p 'il.pnt. The third vfPeU IB filled '.'in '•r*?l^n iif*v'6 itf^r.?. ften pov>re(' r'nc' frei?lted t- ^.P. "r '«aAatr nfjvs pre-irles, thpv 'isuellv conrern atl rps pnd rlpshes with^p«i±ff*«' *4«(t» pnd rooe Incidents In CRpltolist countries ps well ps -^ther "fTews", slnntcd t" clvfe p bad Ira- . presstlon- sbfflut -pII cctontrles except th^se wh rre nembers f the 3ociRll8t csmp or their foll6w trpverlers s\ich ps Cuba who are . sinted as •>roperou8 denocrsrles flp-htlnp rp'sinst Imj^erlllr^SA^ 'Without, pnd ccpltftllBt smuii pnd aeenta *••.;.• 1th In. newepapers ii Films csrry the propeemda ball where booXs and leave n^f < ith 90,87-' rn<^vle houses In the U.S.S.R. vlth collective f^ clubfi i->rlnf»lnf' the tontl to 118, OC"' rovle houses; the evero^-'e \ 12 Commission Exhibit 95 — Continued 400 - ^ ' T-'-lPt rl*l-en -'69 t- f e r - vlefl, oer ye'-r, -en, n-T'C rhll'-rn la I'^.f tlciee ( ^.-^ -e '! = . ) - • o . • ' ' . 3^Vl5t "lilon • ^ ' s. ~ • "ocelved his M-.lrer" hero • * *" !=• S-'j-^.-^t T'nior, '=' '• "" ^ T ' -t '"'l-'n, *'!"' ' nver \r f-r his .,r.v\ ' p fll-^ ""ur ''lirltp rruflhecheV , - docuiorty "Irr -Totefl In - " " "I. , r — ;" ^13 np) fih^v, r." Krnshephev in Ma yunrer •" r'C!J!!ii»^ '^ ^^"^ Soatorn fr'Ti*. tf/f tourln=' Industrie pfter H-'' " f t: e r.ur.ilreda f fllr-a -irde In l';5c_]0(^o v;ere 1 - t-r Rev > i^Alfliy-' 'a" rie] r v.-pr at rles. t- era were ^'Irri ] 'id 1- iJKF rth . fiver. t" re st'^rifce. et .^vf-ry Republlo h.-?. '.ta v. r. . *.' :. :. t '. .ti-.ree roncei'nlnf 'heir resoectlve Ipces In >iggr-v:%» Its the "^-^.e fllr.a -n "Soviet Street" "t j;- 1 vr ^'c-res I'st-ra, teci;r.lclcns , ^.rltei-s, r-etu-c- '11 -iS * . -.p '1- '_?•-.-(= --f r-l-irt r r ; r. " :'r :i '^r school f fix'' ""-'n ' 1 Lelnr-r.-'C" -' "- .' ' i;r -.-u' c'-^ree rnrt i-pve fi Z' s 1- their re-at ectlve fields. Dirlr,- ' e ef^"- f '^rt'^^^er "-^ - '-' ( followlnc rovlea were shnwfen In "'ny'- "Too live", revilutlon.^ry flln -f t-e l=17ifl "Cle-r 3'-y" the fl^T -ireaented nt the fllr '"eatlvnl In r^sr^vT i_ -, .Tnl v 1°^1, which t^ >k ^jj" v-.-e. ' f l"" n nhmit the i.'>8t ^^to^ln ""r^, 't '< i iiiii»iii n =; reoreaal n -^f the ^Pln ah i r t ny*^ r' PK - rlR'ncr " v.'-''' ••' la ri riven ^nt "f the nrtv oe- r.-':co :c didn't '.- :-a -"' " - c" s ?.>•-! era n-ist. T?ls fll:-. Is very p""r.hilio of t'- e new Government line rondenln^ " " t.-^ctles f "otslin pnd hla Clloh. "The Fplr" - "'-"at "-ernrn -^lln -rrlnat r.lll' . .'..-'. "The P-or Street" r aulmrlrn fllr. rbovt * e h Commission Exhibit 95 —Continued 401 ' r-s^t. <• oe tn tVi^ "nd "nrVI "''pr. n ra '-p 'ir. f'llet ^ T irrp ^er'^'^ntcr-e *" n-vien itMoimr re Blnce m- '5'>viet '11 r^ .s rr-.t vrelT R'lb- \, , . -1 ^ . ^ - '-r' ' r fiT-8. ftei-rapn, Itcllmi, and French fllns re veil nfl i^^ jhxaijj»aac fllnie frfra the "penplee reuubUcfi" •*» ,0; ulrr Yer . A srlcflr. fllr.s "• • -"ll "il'Ked f-r their ^echnlppT. al'113 rnd .i.rnductlon. A 'Vicsin films sh::wn« In 1959-19^0 J5 were; "Fn .s-dy" -..Ith Ell&i>eth Of Tpylor, "I^ve" v;lth Jopn Crowf .I'd "T'e Seventh Vnrrpe f SlnVrd" r.pde. ;n 1"5" • r.d "3ei-ende f Sun ^rlle;-, r.'de Ir the 'PO's others V «re "'"ipn*^ "t-Tt?," rbout the life f t; e nncoaer* ^nd "Old ?.'p-. 5pp", ' ' riohnlr ^l->r» iwcgxnt- f "rnest H(^rlnrv.-py 's "--^k. "'•T rnd Ti^^re" vrrB .-l'f!-^ phri^n t voe^- j^-r' 5. f-ricefi In '"V ?-'rlpla. Prices for aerts '- -^-vie ' M-prs, '^1 1'ce the ^'nlted Ststes '^m^t- r-rrv-e ' r ^dnltp nnd children 'uut^ji^^t fagj;' f-r the "^ -cnti -n ^if rows wit' t" a enter r''t's o nt'n;-' 5" ^o.^eff^T' .w>* \ ^> ! ./ ' 'd *'r nt row ^e^til '''^ ^ooecVa. SV ^'..•^p* n'^il "^ "'loch -re /f M- '"''8 cheopr-r jer sent, 'intll the r'.cea c>"^|^p. Shiwinr's -re it '.'Oflted tir^en -v t'-e tlchets rrc> -'-rrs -re >. tended f-r inly five nlnutefl uhlle soectnt^rn tnhe their deslrnifted se?!ts. Nobodv even h-a t n^' r>d hec? ise tlc1;ets -re s^ld -nlv rccird\np t t: e number ')f._5ofta Inl^'-'re '.-Tl, ^fe- pr -wlnf. Television is rt-^nl-ed md ah'-'Wn In ir^er nrfere \:\tY. wor": in Industries. M.indcy t-i Frldnya .jmcroms stprt pt :':'" Ir, lit Commission Exhibit 05 —Continued 402 . fTefCTur;. re JO .' bcc r.e te] e- Ifil c-.i let - r. V e I fVh- :., t; e U. 3. rinlSl. Pt 11: -: t rlT t; e • r'ers <5Hl 3rtMrc-r.y>'Stnrt pt ?:' ; r ," .ens- te /4".W end st ir':.'~^. r IPi.Tj, Sur.fipye * >• S fi^rr^^ '*^ 2^ r*^ r" fi e '--rr'n^ ppc^ end -t ''i.r-'^O '^ ' "p ''it Inf^liif'e -: p pi "^ v;p' K - •? t". r>t ^~ -T^eit > ' / f -11 '- - -" - ,-*• I ri^s. A ""• • 1(5 1 I'-.f t^-p n. In J^cuU*! n Tctober "? , l^'^l, f.-'O s -orts ^:r5 3 Viet crmy sh.:w ^':"5 a feat 're • en.-'ht ^'1 '/f:'0 ' t '-e -'r.-id r -i-efl^-^. r. •' M - ", .-pinlat ? rty of " e J, Viet :'ni"n tn*' > (jiOij^O /ftr:' rn^i.oc- t' ^eo.jlei -vri st ^.f "e, r ?!--^i '-p the(|»'-*} er Xrna, // ;v.8 rnci 1>; r,lr.-n of^'ji-itl- tbe i,lr:ir.- :; t. t ;>t'' r.nl Athei.'i prio tr e -tier, ' f ^1 1" ' "•<^^\j '' Tele^'lslm ii'vever 1b not f firct OS It 16 In tl.e U.d. *^ tre nci" -r-~iilnd extensive It la the *«»*8 by v/hlch f-e Krenlin -^eachen int- every 15 Commission Exhibit 95 — Continued 403 ' ^l -t-- : e n-'S't - jt—lylri'- c -llectlvf* frrms or vli.llprfis. .1131' r; "cievislnn -^eta were Bolrt fr'^rc 193?-l?5b In * f» .l--let t'nlon f'-r^s nnf flf^ven •;p,-'p '"*!') '^vor 19 .~!lllli'> r- i •-*ri • -re p > H pnr^ tY\p fl"'i"".B i? '•'rourht m fonnlc'erpbly when n<" pois\ pv-i the '"r*" " " - tj^" - ] ri c '1 '' •'f''" l"e rr";3 '• ,- Ir'--' 'ay not orp o rodlo In 'he i)lfrtlu*'>ml level of trtne collective j n " . Anii In the 3 viet Unloa there pre 45,00'') cfillective fnr'^B »nc* ",-i-c& otnte fprme -Ith '55,500,000 jeople on 'hem -^r ?Z.^% '^f tYo t-^f"! ..o,ulr.tlon (f--ts f'r 19^il :>'^fe :c?). do rf'dlo tpv r s-'.. e '1^ « . p-jjjj a '-v i ' :— '-rprn *»«a»ie In Kln^k 't dOO pnct te pt d- I'JO nours p dpv br ' c' '.-, t pre -.prie t' :;rt? f t; e Soviet Union fr :;. Moscow there rre Ic.i million -\-. I./-- c^tf*^ hlc: f" : rr. all Htnt' r.>t .Vta .v _ Ml^ - .:. : ' 'K^ f Minutes t^lR^'v^hen "^r. • il:. .. ;i :J9och n»]:ln'~ 'CP,''".^e • r.tlrc 3r^vl"t Unl'-' f-c -i-^ 1th .t;.l:-: .,, ,.., ^, |, intorrlttent - " '_ '!-; In ti Is ''»• tre '^rovernsaent -etp '^he - st .^'p-'-rndr vr>l>!e ent". A~^ln '.-hen Ver-iPn Tlt^v mrrte hi? *"li«»ht f-r tw :oys this r'^oena wns repefttei"^. A^fl" "1"' st^tV^ns nve Ir/^li^latiSly turned t ^'^9 Frer^ In "ienpver Prelmer !'r)iehev r.-^ea ^ ooliry Jc rll atntlons in •^'e 3-vlet "- 1-n -re rei^'jlory t"rnert evf> '^ur v.- ' ,- " ..T,.c," --r-iri M^Bcow unlike the ''.3. A. f'--ore frnn]'' Inde endent station cnn -'perpte the 3 vlet- Un' -n ''Irl^ualy \p^mt^- f"-n'1;r'^ll - ^tntrt bro"dR^Ptlnf atntlons which. like Ind-iatrles -re 16 iK«m9v »'*J«^^-»*wrwr'Si*' -»V*^'^«TT'1T'i'"' Commission Exhibit 95 —Continued 404 ' ' .-.: ._5 ^ -r £it-.i'lert -.^m 'o:,r..t v^ ,1 map* '^ '. .ii;„- loc'':'.. «» r.' Jtreet ne.'^r the/er.ml]. i-£**- " vVIo""XICK" , -rir. : easive ^00 feet stee • -were the hlrhest SoX'iiCtare i:. delefvwBBitf) This rrai t .er^' end bulldlr.f' "re : 5 -th Mrh fences -rxi atr^.lMr.- ^rmed pruprfi^ wit!- -f, • , rnim-frysTu r.uPt e f : • ulldlnr Itself 'or Kit: :- - • • ' / - ; ' :• re - - re tp'^ic ' rr^te fitri" •'" ' " * ' ' " ^ ? -' , ^-'"' ':!,'- VB" the r.^i in-'-'rtnr.t •- ^3 .:; .- * 'vefi h" Iff.', ftrn.c" " ..: ?r- 'v.'^.t>rX?.jr/-S'j»*€.^?"s . - "e«»r the televlal'^n t-^v.-cr^, 4 blnr : ' r .--rck":'" '. Rtpnds tlW? in re tT.-ers f' ; r^^xl 't'=V :>pt hi"!' enc: > .pjcf^ed m brosdcsslng Rulte t; c p -qlte in :' ct , these very ' .. srent Tand i.ip/^ka wlti. hi-:, .^^.v er rtf-.les strrinr: betv.etn the;:, rrt J ;- , 1:. t iwers .used t ';" '. ; freauencj- -r rdcpct r rrd^-he neln tnrret -f these J»r. '.n- t 'wers is the i:"nich ^ "ts:.!!! -t r. trsins.T.ltter8 of the "Voice ^^f Arteries" proprsraa "lthnuf;h they r re «4.-..cloyed to rtipsrupt the B.B.C. sr.d .t; mm^\\mar French brordcESt In .Russian. These t "..ers are likewise p-'irrded t ,: irrds ond entrrnce t'' the Kire enclosed ''-l'''Ck hou'^e -^nd tower -re? Is f-rhidr-'en exce-t by .asfes. The pcount of vr-itpre 17 i«-t •»;--TV«i -.«. Commission Exhibit 95 — Continued 405 t'.pt .-.eeded ll-htlnr: ^t v r's. Irces is -nly .iy«<> i nA nr turned on en -n -the clou fc^ cisya, It is Ir-nlcpl rnc? sod t- think of the trenendous wcnte nnd eff-rte the Soviet rovernment roee to'^ in rr'er f- "tee ^t:er oeooles Ideas oijt. Bnt the .'rnrlnr fretulencea "re -nly hplf those of the "Rrdlo Koscow" ro- s.-flnds ..rorTTTis ••hlph nay 'oe he = rd on "rxy nhort wpve rpclo In the United States Ith-^ut Jnrr-lnr'. t'- eae "Rpi.lo Moscow" ror-rnr.s ^MBwe eoples 'n PI ''onntr'.es thnt the Iron O-rtaln r\<^ '^onr'er exists, never did txist? , -".('> 1" 5r '-pnprs"' n 'iotlol-'us slonr^er ar-oinst the Soviet ' " . - • -^ ; o,-)( err '. - ^s n favorite enterr.alnt in the U.3.3.R. with T '..orRS nnd ir-l"et houses throuf^hout the# republics. As c npcred 1th one In the Uqited 5tPtes ^the etropptltan opera house In New York, thpt Ifl e cr^e_ the RuBf^lrnB have their own -.;erpf written by lilri*.! I w.l , (^MiiBaBfii^ Russian c-mposere, while we hove n ne. Here nny pers-n cpn tell you rbout such aplended operrs ps "Relflo" "tJie Clcwn", "iiueen -f Si-edee", "Trrvlpte" while In tie U.S. r.ost cltlrens pre ardly IPcVlnr in this field "f prt cVe not t- the f-Hclty th.-jt we are i4,n»tii1anrred "S the Russipns think but ao t- the f-ct thrt •• e slm-l" d- h^ve the frcllltes t- ) ut such urod'jctiona on. Although their pre those who prefer to >,p--, - ,- -^^ed to their T.V. 'a pnd Si Comedy and drama theater number im '-Ith \\ In Belerusala, ' PIpvs ire nut on bv ''r:5''t'ire pnd -^rofesslonpl fr-uvs In the Russian 18 Commission Exhibit f>5 —Continued 406 iMimilt«fiU('V$iS»tmaqi§ij -?«: -f:^-p^ -fv- w. l;^n ur .; : the lpnn;u«res of the re.jublics. In ::jtxsm- the SelerussisW theater on "VclAi»ARoKAYA" street has p tro-^p ?f 3'^ rrofeB -- t 140 rubles p r-.-nt h #-lr.-5] Re" '^.utl -n -.-y 89 hlstsrical, 12] ; •, .ial '''"'-:') '^ :- " •'''^ r r-ep-lnol rnr " ^n'^'^^'est, •rt -use'Tms 1"! ,18 -'P •^'^re .'f different "M- "ir.-'-.- - - -^oT tn ^xrrtly Thpre -re ^"' "(|jr. In "InnV. In the y^-r I", , 1"11 n v-, le visited -^hese .Inoes -f interest ps wel> ns ' ,. ,.-,::. -eiole wh-i visited the fsmus erraanent eitltition nf Soviet -'chievv-ienta in lic>ecovS"Si:::hV.I}:£Y" ula^y ooverinr 5 ^^creB pRTk. Here p >rf*!r ..S.B set H;. in !?:):>, it --dvertlzes .etl and >^e rorreas f-r t'^urist _ fend R-.'.esirns sllhe. Ir. it nre SKUunlks and Jet «irliner>p trpctor exhl"^itl n }- used in r buildlftn 30C feet I'lnc ns* h usinp- nnd in- dustrial •^'•:.ii,a earths li^ht cnFu.-.eH industry le sh-wn r."re -s the Russians v;'^uld like it to he then sa it is. '.'ith -ooci-.et rndl^s l th » (\ » 1-re none rr."ae in r-uantity in the U. S.^.E. ) y^tit-^nrtic ••.•ssl-inf' "•cchlnes v;ith twi spinners (fr-r. 195.^-l°5c) there wrrre l.a,-lllinn Dsde nnd s-^ld rll slm^ily ^ne splnnf^rs ) ^rd rrdern ••pcnra olepnera (1<^50-1°5- 5'^0,onri <^-ld) hovever thie d-esn't keep Russloans "r -, ^iplnf' th.-^t poine d.^y rhesp thln-^s --V he in n'-ss-prnduction, 15 Commission Exhibit 95 —Continued 407 1 •in(^"ubtly they s'roi'' ^"j "^ther nenns -;f dlatr'ibptlnr .roi afcnds -re th-U'-ht the aa^-^aaAjace , r In En-Msb ."ptttatinn r.olnts" th^e T'- liroted flt -^en'-s r In Brnnll of'^'lcee -pen 1^ h~urp a Apv they ore '"-nneft by " ':<— -t'^" *'** rnrr-mnlfit ''nd y-unr- comn'mlat ^)8rty 'embera. They ^rc f^T^ the 'latrebntl n -f uptnulets, bulletins snd ther ;;orty * Itemfire, f r the n-^re r les-^ InfTinnl meetlnp;fl of .^roups f conmunlst i.arty nerabera. F'-Tr.ed In the enrly 1920 'a they were then ,olnt8 f rrmed v; r!:ere located nepr ti each ocwU ;thor v/ho • uld if^UK d'vn "v.hlte" nprlalhr- -r c'nviently orreat nyone In the i.elfhb^rhood. Nov- there ..iin^tsrre? • ve nllr-htly chsnrted but Ita still known thct any ary rnember r,py cone in pnd re;/ort disloyal c-mments A^ an unguarded moment n the rrt f pny citiren theAe is slwaya a telephone ;.en<^ here. In Min«k there pre only 12 novle houses, but 5': r-ifpx/p^Oi in the telephone bor.k# they can be recrfrnir.ed st n distpnce y red flapa »nd bpnners between the p.t^es f 16 to 2*^ belonc to thla orgi.nl!>;ntion..''lthou5:h they may nttajUle fiommuniat jsrty membership na enrly pb 19 or 20 ye<-r3. 3ienpd -n -a soon na they recfcive their "passport" at 16, they recive p yOL pary ticket pnd nuat yay a smaP-l due of 70 'T bO copecks p month. After this they pre 20 \'v'WW!SBHOKKr Commission Exhibit 95 — Continued 408 . -lii;ieu t ' ttfnaf^.it YCL neetlnrs -c r. rrv fltln," trl ..s n ee> e:.ds rin -.he fall t collective fpr.-iE t : c: brlfip; In the potrto •:nd -I'f i:. pad t kee.. theli^ atucles u^^ to rlr-h stanc'srds, r ?SBa»»»t ••'_ "rtl n f c-nr:uct r r*efus#pl f tov the «bsp. v ill result In >.jl^>1 as l-'H fr^T. the "ee~ue pnd l£5 s "ol0ci: "»» ..ers-nol ro'-ress In the 5-vlet Vr.l n -\r.ve -en'if rFM_, Is c nsl-^ 'reel n reference |'f»/ ^Irlnf in ^'-ct rlPS r Inntygjjy ri^' i i<| i i m - • - "jace -t "' ' *- " .,4-,.*, ^ - -> • .., ^ ^,»-»i-=.ti«^ :5 -rr fr^irl,'/ corip.'^n re reschl" * ^ • >:re they may "le ji rilrff ftrijii'"' '" 'roper! "^ ..• • -v * arty membership. A " 'in- --j-^i^i'si;- student ecne rsther populnr - ^ rfu" '^- b-^i-.- elected t the ost -r YCL secretrry 1.". his clns;-! ct scr'--", : rt v r>. A .<; re .••py t -• eri is t -er.oln ^t thi .^etn.ry is Ar:.Pul8__ r tall hrnds br'^pd -rln. He rer.-dnds -ne-^f s Texre r .kloh'-rnp l> y , hie fsti er is s l^f^tyi ,„^f^ ,- tt er v-rks /i$ »A>(/A.^ ^ ,j «i * ui ^f> r t; ey h rve p full three r -::. a..Bt::ient. His pJC^/jf^/Z. rls s YCL rer'-.er 1p t/e y^un-est pnd 'oat r*=T.> ^-r^- -f this fprr.ilv 'T 'ly. X a JffA^ h»a worked at this frvt ry for ^- yepfe -fter serlrlnf hie J yenrs in the npvy in the Bloch Sep. He wps '~nly recently elected t- the post -f YCL -• or "pry in ur sh-p pfter ^he f-'r-ner '-ers-n recieved CP '-emberehip, -.sually r-n easy -"olnp Commission Exhibit 95 —Continued 536 0-64 vol. XVI 28 409 J ' --plTr,:. u cV^n't ''et Mr milled, he t»!-.eo Ms YCL duties sen usly ; c -n f'ct'.nc rtues -n every -ther ppy tlpy (v;hich pre n the 5th end "0th f the month) -f l5 -f the totel .-.sycheck -f l,"? f BO rubles . -0 co;-f>cha he rheclTs -ff" n^-es and Is refl;j~n?l^^:: e f r t'-nrlnc In the noflh Xr. the f>Tt rv YCL o«ME»f^, "e l<^ -eo-'^nf'l'-le f r -.ostlnf; directives hnnde beat 111 usuplly culte district^. Dr zijU'iz^ rlwpfs wnlk In proupe f threoe r-nc fours r-ften wonen »nd plrle pre seen In this cspEclty, this custon Is relPtlvely new end Is not '-enrely used exce,.t '^n Srturdpys md Sundpys, v/hen there pre holstrous rroups P3 teenrffis and p Irrre nur.ber 'f /trunks t-^ ^--e seen. Both these types f rroups sre ns "nif'rned . llcenr-n wh-^ checks ifi^» r:r;a ..ee 9 nsuth -ri-ec _.ers ns ut here la -Is- the « ' - e^e^T.ce f rcvercl • inleteiy s-ic.-. as, minister nf Sducntl n.l:. B. r^>r'5Shebed rnd Minister '^f Aclnlnsterrtlon E. Zherhel. rnrnnnnf"" ^ controls sno directs rll ctlvlee \f^ :\& reuU-^lic Alth R'lthorlty m United States Omrinrwugsfc hes ever cnJOyed, yfiW' his suthority csiinot bo controlled or chpllenred by c^Mrt orders r Injunctl-ns fs it -ften is in the '..'nlted Stntee. prd r- y iB reoi,ort«ib: e c'lrectly t- K-ecow cn<^ the ; prty ppsldi)^ t±gBTrr<»f.. ':; »riishc::el/: "e a oe^rs ir. the rc^lewlnts box in the o^ntcr his oronles , 'n Kpy ." nt f:nd ? -ver/'^pr ""th hoT.ld»ys, hrre wpvec's 9 c n'~pni'-l Commission Exhibit 95 —Continued 411 frnd crnplnnflly.'.-lthnut the trncc f p sr.lle. He Isn't r? ected ) bis Pt In f r-e'serpl ejection rny r.'^re thnn Krushchev Is elected t- tre 'St Tf . reniPiy "out rpther op.,olnted fr^n the nem'bere -^f the ^n-w-ftt Soviet f the Fe.^u'illc vho ore electee ^n i"he ^ne cpndlote ticket ••hlrh Is ; reppred pnd !n;thorl?ed In the first pl»ce-by the centr-^"' cjszA-tJ^ •^ Vf ci.''^""ml8t o^ty f the rf>8':)ectlve re jubllcs thfiref re t'-p rp-trn'' CT";unlty fh^ees t^e rrenthsrs nf the -3*a9*«4.-. S^-let fr 30 ".'"-.b^rs re- lnrpnfn*-a fr v-cpted e^Pts In the centrpJ c^nnlty rre flllefi ,J^e.lprf-,Brt -ipy "-e re«nlred In the cnse f "Denth e^pnr.Rnent.s' hi~her po nlnrent t- the centrpl r^n-i'tv f ' the 3-ivlet Unl n ^« ex-n^ sion|l 6>/9 ' _ -"r-r th» rrtv"' mdor 'he oorty -^ constituion rovern.ient ..rocei:-re in the cen trpl C')r.r:l-«J*Co;v- otlo^ In the U.S.ii.R. tsj-ies p : n.Jor fT.~ In enopTellnr 'P.c, f"epi--nlnr r . nl ;. PS m pny purely ^WUcrptlc s claty. in l?6l the depth penalty for embazzelnent of stptes finds in Isrre sums w«8 renpcted PS an .-nsv/er t vide e.jread :jillfei^inp of roods croj;8 and enbar-ellnr '^f •: r.e;' rrr" i---^ - nc3. On sny collective or Stnte i^r " ^= le r certain -r cent -^f 3tstr r?'- ^dfi i?JerT''^- jrn^ri-tea - ; the collect f-r-ers f r thrlr -wn ^^rivpte use t'- r.pke u^; for low wpo-es pnd theref-ire low llvlnp: conditions fen b0'}4 *" riv-te i4i4affit32Si«l .Pt -res -^r pt t'-e r^en r-. r^vpt frce -f ^ -^ t - fya. These P"oodB nay consist -^nly of p 'lll'-'>re'''^ Icno ^r -ilr-let -r ~.py run in sc-res f flheen t coiva hli^den in hm n.' i i^Tit ;' '^' r-^ s r *'hick '?lne Id hv tj;« ppr>rr>prl?'t ^r pice', er] or in v.-holssple l^ts t' cr^ohed store s-ipervlsors '-'ho rre sup^'osed t''' buy stnte nents pnd cr^i^is nt provernraent ^rlces but l<#0 fjocket the differences of prices from the bslck mpr'-et '-1rtw*r ."i in- ^ntrpnces In their '•*^£.thBt such merchendlse vps br u-ht f r Stcte prlces./uch 2U Commission Exhibit 95 —Continued 412 .Vrc' T::e rirect rainij' -^f :"vc:; f Bp.nll rr'iit r zll'r ?t ; r up \'xde MM ]$ - :. i--X 1.rn;.nssir' c : r •.:. e , t. rltief t ret '.n S'ci. -)in>- n .eceuae f uiri'lculties In ^oTpinlr. • v -r In ."C e. tf-'-le .'•, -nntfl Pir.ce «mCI' ~o1p. re av'F]];- m S--1] .1.- unts. Materials f ectrlc .'.: llnnees, :' i < miWT.'P' -- -. ajf rlrt'-en mi ec'lrtl- !". i.ic! f1",r;. le-cts x^ht Ir. --ni". s-ld '-nt er the c -mtpr ' eai- '.r- " 4iniTTT» s "bus if"': "b»ef 8 tOV'.' (j -Ft -t 1 1 !/' s s"ns or ' ' T" 1 Ifl/yfo -Tt " *- '- : u^lnf- "lnl«tr ?f!-=_- ^rt pno "ifia "^flces ex f^ct "r-elve r-Y 'n ' ^Ttrrer t c^r.x/til; e:" ' • s i-. ..e S"-.-iet 'Jni-^n V ^?' '•- it Is " '•>*«• i^-'c'ilr, r-^f!'--"SE •c :- -_:- -^nJ •.;ork*t^ reclEve en .- --•rrt;-,''nt In -n-ther city theref re zj live in .'n*:t;:er Cxt;'. !:• nucr Int-'-.ic; tl-.e Adrninl8trther *•»*. indlviual ci. -ice p .era n r.i.at recleve _, err-lesl-^n fr r. the local pasa^^Tt agency In t'-e clt; frn which he Ijp lenvlnlve W'^rk t-^ •:6 Commission Exhibit 95 — Continued 414 r-ne vithout • llvln- vis ^ :-t l^vl:v " ':-e 1 »v; <-cil»tlnr). te Icp"^. -. (; :r t- e ••/-r r ;.€ j; - rt;'ur"-ll: cf v" re t;- rt i - ^ - exevcl.-i >oiv T f ^'truct'•J•e . et !• c1 " : c r. ' -. Ifr v-r-xue, ' ';.' tf • *c]" t ; ecipve tT--, »- J "f T '•ice anc. stPte secirlty M?rmi3<3i T" -? f\irr:ly o niX'-lsery t-- v;- rJ: Pt the Jo^- -irie hsd -con .-^r'snlned t-. "'->. aopys it is .-.-re^trpt f" rep-<.n enf rce p Snvi-" • • = •• )err.lsfl«bi.e tre h-ia.lr.^ -f »nr ir>rrs vr-^ nonnot "^c rejlrce.'l . In the event »^ •..•'-ir'-e-? .--. ^ n-t rh se t rerr.^in pt Is :,lr.Qe -1* rk 'ir chosea t- rofnnerf r c-rtPln he cpn tried :• '.. Jo':, -je by P peoples o-,ui't and sent to - v-^r?. cnn^; rr /ifi'~,tJ!^^ ., n - r t^'-ns vs>.'^r\nr\x^ to ^-^ yeprs_^X3i-cr '-.rl: "'»;.-8 s.- fe ^--Prd the sirte fr — sobPtnpe f itPte prr^perf;-, •.; ri-.^lpnd /.uases ps well ps permission 4b "r - .jer P'lthrlty in ren^irds t c w^^^^ta.r llvlnc .us-^es nnd Jlha3;**sa!« the "v.- >rk pjisses" la the Inairect cntrol of Influx rnd 'ut -lux of v.-tirt f 1" ctlonifna econrnlcf c nci tlon? -ich ^rc r_M -pys -i^Jiitr^itfl-j*^ Commission Exhibit 95 —Continued 415 , fore It le ;-; t tne ilbex-atlon of the . lltlr A^ ' njjeser, '."ti^oi- the • 1 Inif trptl'^n f r.trte nuchlnery which reRul^tee Iftlcm pn-, ->nc: lalptee inptr-ice^ f ' rckflow nt lo'r-r In a pcltll-ert ec-ntfnlc j re»8. which lenf'.e to 'r.einj)lnyrent In cs;.-ltplist countries d'le t' s'ltorartlon nnd -ver ,r-->c''-ctlon "). th r'- --hlch rm "oe cnr^fully c-mtr-llecl ^y the Stpte. ' Me?- >i-ll..! 0-:^ -perntes al"" enter. -^^l?ep In *he U.3.S.P.. In such cp^en PS t' '.'re pre '^f overflnv if lob^r the i^x ot'ec , %» ptloned off <-i o "llvinfr vlsr" systen pnd. since ''r^^--' *.s no^ .lace '^^r tl-e-; to 11-e rlcern relive there Is m pl^ce f r *^ic 'he "-.'•! -n 1p r-^,1 is ln?!tr':nented pncl sur-'lua la^'^r la ya^^i^r^i^- :; 1 :.' -f t n roinlsed r is t^^w one , Krushchsv^s ol;-n# pnd hss be.^i p s ,ect-;'J.r-' T-llnre r--5tly -wlnrt to the H'.'lc/. subsldlnr -f...-««!teic^^ssL--SiB»w the .ounK peo,--le (for most prt) .tEi:Tr'" the cities in the first 'lace. J Vh' Jhen elections .-re Inltlonrted in the U.3.S.R. ^I'nulrt ed ft whole hure mechipnclsl pppprates is flt-rted ^^.not onlv t'^ ensure vlct-'Tv but to s'^fe mirared the 3tpte fr " pny vice of dissent, lil:^*- in p.'dJii tia**' t -^iv-osltlon ?e Commission Exhibit 95 — Continuetl 416 : ^ (' fi"n the .->-e -^f 1^ u.: ) r-re re'-lPttred ,,TT H :-e .' m'- i^t!-t^rf -r-".ir '••erv do'>r In -' district -'cttlnp: pnnes and -.otlf^'n"' " v t rs - " ' ?lr d-'tv to r-e ;:ither lend In v^tlnr.^n t'e cs?e -f the electinna held thr'^neb- oat t}.e S'-vlet U:ii-n Tci- 17, - r- "elect" the Su-er-e 3-viet '^.cludlnr Krushchev, the .peoples vcrmrr.t (j: up-; o-vlet ^-f r-tl-n-lltlC3 t: o oltfctlfvn cr.r.e r. J^n-ipr;. .- tyyrp.i •l-.ctl n Cry b11 v-t-rs — t lls^'jsuclly - scr.olypnd v-te.t. : - 1 Sw o. e sin -If : " candldstes :- r ero. . .•^t. T:.-ts r11 pny -c;. "" te" thin systes Insuree p 9?;J turn ut ;-nil iJfedetf-r-lned vlct r; : - .olllr.- ...Irce th-r Is c '.. nZY. f-r s ;rret .-ll'-t'.r.- (.-: " - in- ut the rr'.- .'l':Pte .•»* Krltinr- In your -wn) nrer Soviet ^s^ r.ny ne c- this^nobody d-,e3 for the -^ vl-us rerP-n t; at sny-n enters the b 'ith -sy 're Identlfled-there i ? p S vjet Joke p'lrut tre flo^-r firoppinn- out fr-r. .-nyone ste'i-.in™ 'nt t' " h th. Bvt tr.° fnct .^ r thpt if *he entire ^;>ulrt' n u""! the ,o!!lln-'' 'i'~th th^;- c nlo •r^^•»- t o aysten hf^wel^ -er-va -f •isq=> .''lncl-)le snd «•*« hpve nsde t--e ;^e-,.le ffrrld t^ -•' tr -inri]- oriy ^ylc'- ' •. -nf strpti n.^tid v;lth n- -e^ns -f c^r.n'anlcstl n "t tr« r- nr.s -f uld e csndldste .there is n- v,-sy f co"-,ranirrti n vlth the ;)eo >le pnd vl >in~ u-j eupDort f-r cnfllf'pts^Mniverslp.l -.llitary trniftin-.r- 'ss been In f rce m the U.3.3.R. for sever 1 yp.-^rs-l^.llke the U.3. Drpftinr; f^ " ^'^"pys ttUie i;l.-ce pt 19 yerra f -.-e p11 other re--ons f,?r exer. : ion v.lth atsnding.perlods -if service ore fr- i 2 yerrs in the north t ? years in the c uf -^cllm.- ti condltl na v i-: .- • ur: t::pt rsriny younr; 29 Commission Exhibit 95 —Continued 417 o .ien "-I'.-ct; t --< t-i tl.e relftlvely u*«»v+n pouth ti serve f r three - repre »*:. er. t- tie 3 month Mtter CTld«Jof crmps In. Sltcrla «« 3<:y_hplln in t! c- frr i.aiii.il, j>*t. Clothlnf lapue/rre bcptc^ In the be-'n-lr..- ^nd Iw -ettlnf onpa cloths clesnie* ftfcjA xsC^MfH b 1 jfcjaro »» -8lB«?>' ere throi/n Int^ s CT.ron pile t'> be clepned -^ff and steened end br^urht -r" ir, r c"mron pile with the result thot p fi->ll.ler r.evers rets *•; e S'-.e Jac'.cetfl pnd trouaerp '"••Ice. BarrroViA rre ususll;^ hare nnd df-r.p.ev'?'-. In T'lnolt ••hpre they pre locoted In the --i-taJU srte f^f hchlnt'! hlch *?olllpaflses ?re u»««> r"-'lven exce;:it on holldrys nnd ' , /9i OU.A r. -etlmeidn SundsyB -r -fter : pnuervera .lepve ~T 30 rsj^s jy t^t pmed f'^rces -r-ajjfeh. in their c-ntracts ere Mnkmwn. Vowever the tytftAssL Ib^.Cttn'i "•reotest; dlf fer^nl*!!'. .-oy -^ftor )ijc:^S3'' Klkslypn a« «i>*e i" r.-.r.pnder l!i chief of the 3 vlet orced f rces in the eprly 1950'8 j^ey -os su.T...ufr-lly cut f-,r cnmmtn soldiers (^.rlvntes) fror. 3,1? '" rubles Ik.. :.'ney to .'. rubles new r,)-ney - Irst f 2?, 7 rubles (new) 3 rubles r>rt enDU^ht to buy 12 .jRCliete of clfZisrettes , 23 ci -srettes to s yschs'-e ..hereps 30 rubles :-po errurh f r p s Idler/ to ssve up for his (ilsci.»rr;e.t:.e .a., f » Isti. .. r/.er in Klnjk is ^0 ruMes new 1:: ney. The or-p f n-ney \.se ]/ss felt in tl-C -f flees rcnks since i thev 1 ? nlv ' 10^ cut \\y to the ^«sk '-f I1s.Jor.7>nd n- ItfBs -f \<«T for ratjor pnd >^b-V<^;«» i4tS5?H** '.n the R"ssl8n^ih** w*n^ -et.<; \ I itkJ ruhles p full s ldl'--!r f-ets or-vind ^00 rubles "-ut rls - rets j "»«,.i 1t exuense" ov ^ Ike our trrvel oay . Dl5lpl«ne In the Russian prny is anpijn.tied to he the nost r-.icr-ed In the -A'-rld ui.i>iii& t -p serpents i 1 cpn ^nnd "ut m.j t- 15 dav Penteces t- pny rlvpte -ny "Ine he wcnts ' t- /-.'Ithout n f>nBsrt i tn 'Bl ' JJW foP rlnor offen^aaBP'- Duties pt » c^sp •30 Commission Exhibit 05 —Continued 418 llg^^^ CO —Continued Commission Exhibit 9o 420 »0 **»^ >v»r, /> S/3/K,}*. My4.c4 y/*^ .«'«* Z|4» '•*^. /'^z* '^rjLy , TA^ '^^^^^ s/ntc^t^jT km ^5 //-^ >J?it<£ 72> -j^^ >r^ o.t^^je o/=i^^ cje rx^ ,^A Qr>^^'i Mtfx*,ti*rt; ^i^/^y^ ^<" -d^^c«r* V ^T.t, >^<^ -- '^^^ />cv>t->» /j^i^ -^*>7w Of^^O^fi^^. A ^•*lM A. 1 The CommuTiist Party of the United States has betrayed itself it has turned itself into the tradional lever of a foreign power to overthrow the Goverment of the United States, not in the name of freedom or high ideals, but in servile conformity to the wishes of the Soviet Union and in anticipation of Soviet Rus^ sia's complete domination of the American continent. The Forster's and the Flynn's of the subsidizied Communist Party of the United States have shown themselves to be willing, gullible messengers of the Kremlins Inter- nationalist propaganda. There can be no international solidarity with the arch-betrayers of that most sublime ideal. There can be no sympathy for those who have turned the idea of communism into a vill curse to western man. The Soviets have committed crimes unsurpassed even by their early day capitalist counterparts, the imprisonment of their own peoples, with the mass extermination so typical of Stalin, and Commission Exhibit 97 422 1 W-' ; ' •; •>, U,-*/ /' ^ r\- A-^ "^ '-^^ ^A. C'ti' Ai'C^ . <'"'' 'fi- w\v>.vtr ^. /'v -yv"/.. V'- '^^ / XVf<3£>-ifc*^*Vejfc ^/r^s > ) ^ '/i»4 / C t ' '.' ' y / ' r /-» 1 ^ f t/'-" / f'fk't tt''»4 f,'' f " 4^/^ ^ t . Only by declaring itself to be, not only not dependent upon, but opposed to, Soviet domination and influence, can dorment and disillusioned person's hoi)e to unite to free the radical movement from its' inertia. Through the refusal of the Communist Party U.S.A. to give a clear cut condemnation of Soviet piratical acts, progressives have been weaken into a stale class of fifth columist of the Russians. In order to free the hesitating and justifiably uncertain, future activist for the work ahead we must remove that obstacle which has so eflSciently retardwl him, namely the devotion of Communist Party U.S.A., to the Soviet Union, Soviet Goverment, and Soviet Communist International Movement, readily It is fftk'ly foreseeable that a coming economic, political or military crisis, internal or external, will bring about the final destruction of the capitalist system, assuming this, we can see how preparation in a special party could safeguard an independent course of action after the debacle, an American course Commission Exhibit 97 —Continued 424 steadfastly opposed to intervention by outside, relatively stable foreign powers, no matter from where they come, but in particular, and if necessary, violently opposed to Soviet intervention. No party of this-type can attract into its ranks more than a nomininal number of fundemental radicals. It is not the nature of such an organization to attract such a memership, as lets say, the Republicans or even the Socialist Party, but it is possible to enlist the aid of disenchanted dioatiofie d members of the Socialist Party and even some from more "respected," (from a capitalist viewpoint) parties. , But whereas our politcal enemies talk loudly now, they have no concept of what total crisis means, faction The e^fps which has the greater basis in spirit and the most far-sighted and ready membership fact i on of the radical futurist, will be the decisive factor. We have no interest in violently opposeing the U. S. Goverment, why should we mani- fest opposition when there are Commission Exhibit 97 —Continued -536 0-64 vol. XVI 29 425 fA/tA*lrArt^r< /\-'4^ t. -^r <<^e^A. .79 ^t cV^ 7 VA6 u.-t ..'t * ///«^'c '/'v.y a-x'/re^eir //•' ?->< f I ***| >o .-"»^/ ?/^j 'V y<. 1/t 'r V t *Vfc* ijy e/lK'-ii W^>t Ci>t'_ / C.) > / I'-l' '^'^•^^^B r -w I ^.- /.V* Th'te > * \ /4*MMV /-. .-/yc- t^-w /'Vc ^ V /> v' V T1 •• f ^ J'' C ^ %^ 6 But these prefered tactics now, may prove to be too limited in the near future, they should not be confused with slowness, indesision or fear, only the intellectualy fearlesscould even be remotly attracted too our doctrine, and yet this doctrine utmost requirers the ttp% moBt restraint, a state of being in itself majustic in power. This is stoicism, and yet stoicism has not been effected for many years, and never for such a purpose. There are orginizations already formed in the United States, who have declared they shall become effective only after the military debacle of the United States. Orga- nizations such as the minute men, or the opposite of a stoical organization. But these preformers are simply preparing to redefend in their owm back yards, a system which elsewhere they take for granted will be defeated militarily/ a strange thing to hear from "patriots". These armed groups represent hard core American capitalist supporter's. There will also be small armed communist and probably' Fascist groups, There will also be anarchist and religious Commission Exhibit 97 —Continued 427 LiMcM^i^^r icAAA- ^c\ JM* mitA T^ r^>r ^^ ) :T td/KA't r^ ^A ut ^/it~ /eM-Jtt A/r ^4t A i^/e .r&a ^y uTJ J<>SC< '•' «tl •MM* >>f A< C' ,'5i^^fc _>^Jm^*-«» '^»'/^i ^/C /^'<«»'i. ^V>/ 4*« Md^*' f/«f/<. -<^>^v , t "j^f// '«'» 7^'»i« /S» cJf^, -»j./^C'L_ 7 ^4.SC>t SrcC '*.. y'^i/ '^ -/'>- Q^ /• ^t •e.M /*n < t_ y^/cj /C -^ *»-•«- ' <- .->•»'>' ^ V( v^' -v^^o^w - /M^u!.^y 1 8. work is the key to the ef future door, but failure to apply that key because of possible armed opposition in our hypothetical, but very probable crisis, is as useless as trying to use force now to knock down the door. *t J~1J-l*J-%-t-Tr TTfl|-»TJ-\ » l~t Armed Defenses of our ideals must be an accepted doctrine after the crisis, just as «ew refrainting from any demonstrations of force must be our doctrine in the mean time. No man, having known, having lived, under the Russian Communist and American capitalist system, could possibly make a choice between them, there is no choice, one offers oppresstion the other poverty. Both offer imperilistic injustice, tinted with two brands of slavery. But no rational man can take the attitude of "a curse on both your house's". There are two world systems, one twisted beyond recognition by its misuse, the other decadent and dying in its final evolution. A truly democratic system would combine the better qualities of the two upon an American Commission Exhibit 97 —Continued 429 / *J y> •/^Mf J, n. , ^ ^ i foundation, opposed to both world systems as they are now. This than is our ideal. Membership in this orginization implies adherence to the principle of simple distribution of information about this movement to others and acceptance of the idea of stoical readiness in regards to pratical measures once instituted in the crisis. Commission Exhibit 97 —Continued 430 SVJl. i ' MhW>-: ^ .*-;-..C:. c.^#-*^^-^<** j ^iA^-r» #7 X#.. ^«V >•« ^.> A system opposed to the communist. In that the State or any group of persons may not administer or direct funds or value in circulation, for the creation of means of production. A. Any person may own private proportty of any sort. B. Small business or speculation on the part of a single indinvidual be gauranteed. C. that any person may exchange personal skill or knowledge in the completion of some service, for remuneration. D. that any person may hire or otherwise remunate any other single person for services rendered, so long as : that service does not create surplus value. E. Commission Exhibit 98 431 '•^y^M^ vy^*^ ^ A, jJi 1 to/x.-a^ u^^rv^X*. ft,^ jL.^.CeyiJ' dc? t*>a^*<» .^7 t^/3k**AM«^ ^M^'^'P^CtM fiyterfl^(ff ^/tJMA, ^ *^Zt*«.>»»> ^ /••^•jr -4&-*i(*../^X>-,,v/i^tyyJ^^ A system opposed to the Capitalist in that: No indiviual may own the means of production, distrubution or creation of goods or any other process wherein workers are employed for wages, or otherwise employed, to create profit or surplus profit or value in use or exchange. A, In that all undertaking of production, distribution or manufator or otherwise the creation of goods must be made on a pure, collective basis under the con- ditions : 1. equall shares of investment be made by members. 2. equal distrubution of profit after tasx, be made to all investers. 3. that all work or directive or administrative duties connected with the entenprize be done personally by those investers. 4. That no person not directly working or otherwise directly taking part in the creationial process of any enterprize, have a share of or otherwise recive any part of the resultant profit of it. 5. Stipend Agronimist Commission Exhiiiit 98 —Continued 432 I Jutr^it/ ^«^«i-v,l*A .«4.,^k/£., yu«**V ^'V>v, The Atheian system. A system opposed to communism, Socialism, and capitalism. Democracy at a local level with no centralized State. A. That the right of free enterprize and collective enterprize be gauranteed. B. That Fasism be abolished C. That nationilizism be excluded from every-day life. D. That racial segregation or discrimanation be abolished by law. E. the right of the free, uninhibated action of religious insistutions of any type or denomination to freely funtion G. Univefal Sufferage for all persons over 18 years of age. H. Freedom of desimanation of opions through press or declaration or speech. I. that the desemanation of war propaganda be forbidden as well as the manufac- tor of weapons of mass destruction. J. that Free compulsory education be univeraJ till 18. K. nationalization or conmiuninizing of private enterprize or collective enterprize be forbidden. L. that monoply pratices be considered as capitalistic. M. That combining of separate collective or private enterprizes into single collective units be considered as communistic. N. That no taxes be levied against indivuals O. That heavy grauated taxes of from 30% to 90% be leveled against surplus profit gains. R. that taxes be collected by a single ministry subordanite to indival communities. that taxes be used soley for the building or improvment of public projects. Commission Exhibit 98 —Continued 433 f/:..j~^i ^~»i^ ^•;i::«T,^ I ^L .>l«i/ .^•" -^ ' **A. -^ ^^— Against ; it^K^i,*.*^ /. '^ **^*y^ ^ /2. "^ "liri''*^"-^i" A ^\ ATi nnlf Tm SP TTtlllUUl JT " 1. Lee H. Oswald 2. New Orleans, La. Oct. 18, 1939 3. 1733242 Los Angeles, Calif Sept. 10, 1959 4. 1954 - 1956 Ft. Worth, Tex. 1956 - 1959 U. S Marine corps active, duty stations Los Angeles Calif., Atsugi Japan Sugi Bay, Phillipines 1959 - 1962 Minsk USSR, Residence 5. Active duty U.S.M.C. Radar operator. Rank E2, Active duty terminated Honorable discharge received. Sept. 10, 1959. 6. Marina Nikilievna Oswald, wife, Russian. David Lee Oswald, Son, American 7. None 8. Petition for donation of fund from International Rescue commite Park Av. N.Y., N.Y. in Jan. 1962. I have not been notified of the result 9. None 10. $800.00 ($200.00 can be paid by myself.) 11. (8) 1 O "P ^T nOO ^^^Tfn c\T\ T^r^vn n 500. 73/3 Davanport St. Ft. Worth, Texas Commission Exhibit 99 435 ^ -A^yk*^ .Ak*' *_/^^ i-«-* -*-^ " iZ-^ :*y-»/' J " f^*r' *Gti •^J'^ y »— «— *~*~> ...i* ,9 ^• -i«? -i^ '/? >« — ^^^'y »tt ^ Jtti Q. Why did you go to the USSR. ? I went as a mark of discuss and protest against American political policies in forenign countrys, my personal sign of discontent and horror at the misguided line of reasoning of the U. S. Government »ft£-peeple Q.A What about those letters? I made serval letters in which I expressed my above feeling to the American Embassy when in Oct 1959 I went tht^re to legally liquate my american citizenship and was refused this legalle right. Q.2.B Did you made statements against the U. S. there? yes. Q2. C What about that type recording? I made a recording for Radio Moscow which was broadcast the following sunday in which a spoke about the beauiful capital of the Socialist work and all its progress. 3. Did you break laws by residing or taking work in the USSR? I did in that I took an othe of allignce to the USSR. 4. Isn't all work in the USSR considered State work? Yes of course and in that respect I allso broke U S Law in accepting work under a forign state. 5. What about statements you made to UPI agent Miss Mosby? I was approched by Miss Mosby and other reporters just after I had formally requested the American Embassy to legally liquate my U. S. citizenship, for a story, they were notified by the U. S. Embassy, not by me. I answered questions and made statements to Miss Mosby in regard to my reasons for coming to the USSR, her story was warped by her later, but in barest esscens it is possible to say she had the thruth printed. 6. Why did you remain in the USSR for so long it you only wanted a look I resided in the USSR from Oct 16 1959 to sprig of 1961 a period of 21/2 years I did so because I was living quite comfortably. I had plenty of money, an apartment rent-free lots of girls ect. why should I leave all that? 7A Are you a comraunits? Yes have- basically, allthough I hate the USSR and socialist system I still thank marxism can work under different circumstances. 7BQ. have you ever know a communist? not in the U.SA. Commission Exhibit 100 436 2, "-*-> H''"^- \. Statcmonto to reporter 2. 2. Embaooyo letters to 3. type recording to Radio Moocow -4t 1 . touriot report to her h etc ( ) (not legible) -, moocow s ights a nd aounda pfe- liminary t o log ef events vet moscow c alled " Moscow Tourist Travels " 2. asking fer emformation about how te dissolve 1511 A*. 18 U O 1^0(10 8. What are the othestanding diflferants between the USSR and USA? None, except in the US the living standard is a little higher, freedoms are about the same, medical aid and the educational system in the USSR is better than in the USA. Commission Exhibit 100 —Continued 437 ! *"*> /»'i' rc<^ .j-o n TKf fij/i f r' ^-^^VH^X"^ { ,.' IT* f^ ^*« -,-«:_ u^wfc^ JT"^. •«~' ^^yt-^^ .-. uCJ ^-^ JM. ^-; ,^ .^. a ^vftf. ^_r >i.^/«»^_i/» i '—-'—'>- ^ ur^ i- „^ j;^ Jt« ^^«1— -J ».*j , ^~f^rt ^^* "^^^^ -^y^ Cr./ 1. Q. Why did you go the the USSR? Iwent as a citizen of the U.S. (as a tourist) residing in a foreing country which I have a perfect right to do. I went there to see the land, the people and how their system works Q. A. What about those letters? I made no letters deriding the U.S. ! In correspondence with the U.S. Embassy I made no anti-american statements, any critizem I might have had was of policies not our goverment 2. QQ Did you make statements against the U.S. there? no 2 What about that type recording? I made a recording for radio the Moscow Tourist Radio travel log, in I spoke about sight-seeing and what I had seen in which Moscow tourist circles. expressed delight in all the interesting places, I men- I tioned in this respect the University, mesuem of art, Red Square, the Kremlin I rember I closed this 2 minute recording by saying I hoped our peoples would live in peace and fr. 3. Did you break laws by residing our taking work in the U.S.S.R. ? Under U. S. law a person may lose the protection of the U.S., by voting or serving in the armed forces of a foringn state or taking an othe of alligence to that state. I did none of these 4. Isn't all work in the U.S.S.R. considered state work? No. Technically only plants working directly for the State, usually defense, all other plants are owned by the workers who work in them. 5. What about statements you make to U.P.I, agent Miss Mosby in 1959? I was approcaed »% *fee *iflfte ef fi*y arriva l *« *fee -USSft just after I had formally notified the U. S.Embassy in Moscow of my future residence in the USSR «*y by the newspaper agenties in Moscow including U.P.I. API and time inc. who were notified by the Embassy. I did not call them. I answered questions and and gave statements to Miss Mosby of U.P.I. I requested her to let me OK. She sent her story before she released it, which is the polite and usual thing, i sftw her version of what I said just after she sent it. I immially called her to complant about this, at which time she apolizied but said her editor and not her had added serval things. She said London was very excited about the story (there is how I deduced that she had allready Commission Exhibit 100 —Continued 438 ! ! "[inriiTiMmnr Visit iltflfiSi' ^^t, e—*^^ ^^> '/^ -^^. ^FV-" rr;:^? r^JJ. ^- r' 1^, 'a^ -1'-' — "'^^^ /Si, ^^^1 .^.:<>- -J. ^ yrw >. .^^/fM^- 4-.v«^^-*.^ sent it) so there wasn't much else I could do about it. and I didn't relize that the story was even more blowTi out of shai)e once it got to the U.S.A. I'm afraid the printed story was faricated sensenlionilizism. 6. Why did you remaine in the USSR for so long it you only wanted a look? 1961 I resided in the USSR quiet ly until February /when I wrote the Embassy stating that I would like to go back. (My passport was at the Embassy for safekeep- ing) they %©14 invited me to Moscow for this purpose however it took me almost % year to get a permit to leave the city of Minsk for Moscow. In this connec- tion I had to use a letter from the head consular, to the Russian authrities in Minsk (the Ru.ssians are very beaurocratic and slow about letting foreingrs travel about the country hence the visa) when I did get to Moscow the Embassy immiately gave me back my passix)rt and advised me as to how to get a exit visa from the Russians for myself and n^y Russian wife, this long and ardous process took months from July 1962 untill 1962, therefore you see al- most 1 year was spent in trying to leave the country, thats why I was there so long not out of desire 7. are you a communist? Have you ever know a communist? No of course not, I have never even know a communist, outside of the ones in the USSR but you can't help that. 8. What are the outstanding differences between the USA and USSR ? freedom of speech travel outspoken opposition to impopular policies freedom to belive in god. newspapers. Thank you sir, you are a real patriot ! Commission Exhibit 100 —Continued 439 vi . J. >r . . ^ ..v^^, .i;^ ,,^^ ^j.^ j;*^ . ^'^ £''"'"'" '" V -'-'--4'/. »"''"-•'> Ji«t»' «»o.. ;;•"'"/ "'-'». /^'/>*»> */< -a -i- -f ••^ -».-';' /o».^ i ,•„ ,<• 4^ .-.41. «««'»i-» »» -»»€..*• 1. »X--j»-Ay«r ,,,^ j ,.. r!r -. -' »-' v^ <.f '^.''•- "'^f '• •^-^ '-.-•-. c^ 36. DIARY EMBASSY MEETING Oct. 31, 1959 12 :30 arrive in "Bolga" type taxi, two Russian policemen stand at the Embassy, one salutes as I approch I entranc of the embassy and says "passport" I smile and show my passport. He motions me to pass inside as I wish. Their can be little doubt I'm sure in his mind that I'm a American. Light overcoat, no hat or scarf and non-Russian button down shirt & tie. Entering I find the oflBce of "consular" sign opening the door I go in. A secretary busy typing looks up. "Yes"? she says "I'd like to see the consular, official ." I say. "Will you sign the tourist registar please," she says dryly, going back to her typing. "Yes, but before I'll do that, I'd like to see the consular," laying my passport on her desk, as she looks up puzzled, I'm here to dissove my american citizenship." She rises and taking my passport goes into the open inter ofl5ce, where she lays the passport on a mans desk, saying "there is a Mr, Oswald out- side, who says he's here to dissolve his U. S. citizenship. "OK" the man says, "thanks" He says to the girl without looking up from his typing, she, as she comes out, invites me into the inter oflBce to sit down. I do so, selecting an armchair to the front left sidt of Snyders desk (it was Snyder whom I talked too head consular) I wait, crossini my legs and laying my gloves in my lap. He finishes typing, removes the letter from' his typewriter and adjusting his glasses looks at me. "What can I do for you he asks' leafing through my passport. "I'm here to dissolve my U.S. citizenship and wouldl like to sing the legle papers to that effect." have you applyed for Russian citizenship? yes. He taking out a piece of paper and says "before we get to that I'd like some personal infor." He ask name, personal information to which I ansewer than "your : reasons for coming." I say I have exi^erienced life in the U.S., American military life, American Imperilism. I am a Marxist, and I waited two years for this I don't want to live in the U.S. or be burtained by American citizenship. He says ok. Thats all unless you want to profound your "Marxist belifes" you can go. I said I'v requested that I be allowed to sign legal papers devasting myself of U.S. citizen. Do you refuse me that right"? He says. "Uhg. no, but the pai)ers will take some time to get ready in the meantime where are you staying "room 212 at the Metropole," I state, angry at being refused a right I start to leave "you'll tell us what the Russ. do next*' I turn very mad "of course" I say and leave. Commission Exhibit 101 440 ^, , , _ __ . . e.t n y I t ij l jk-A, ^ -^ ^kjL/ j_~,^ 2r~^ izzJT'J!^' ""^ — ^ !/-» xe^ ^..-.—Ui^ ~^ -^ A i^< ;2:r^ "^ii; .^^ y»-^ ''~*'7 '^ -»~Jy:,«-~^'/i.u.,-ti .^' ^at ** ' r^ < -V -f^ ^— ^ —»*« -tat -<:««> ^ .^•^^itfca^ -c6^ «*-.*» -<«-^ _iZi** w,^^ !Z2i,~ -o «5»>^--. -t-^-^ -A^w ^^ -<—/ ...*^ w.^ .^^ "V V^ ,4^. speech before Americans are apt to scoff at the idea, that a military coup in the US., as so often happens in Latin american countries, could ever replace our government but that is an idea that has grounds for consideration. Which military organization has the potenitialities of executing such action? Is it the army? with its many constripes, its unwieldy size its scores of bases scatteredi across the world? The case of Gen. Walker shows that the army, at least, is not fertail enough ground for a far right regime to go a very long way. for the same reasons of size and desposition the Navy and air force is also to be more or less disregarded. Which service than, can qwalify to launch a coup in the USA? Small size, a permanent hard core of oflBcers and few baseis is necscary. Only one outfit fits that description and the U. S. M. C. is a right wing infiltrated organization of dire potential consequence's to the free- doms of the U.S. I agree with former President Truman when he said that "The Marine Corps should be abolished." 2. My second reason is that undemocratic, country wide insitution know as segre- gation. It, is, I think the action of the active segregationist minority and the great body of indiffent people in the South who do the United States more harm in the eyes of the worlds people, than the whole world communist movement, as I look at this audience there is a sea of white facts before me where are the negro's amongst you (are they hiding under the table) surly if we are for democracy, let our fellow negro citizen's into this hall. Make no mistake, i-ft«i segregationist tendencies can be unleared I was born in New Orleans, and I know. In russia I saw on several occiasions that in international meeting the greatest glory in the sport field was brought to us by negros. Though they take the gold metals from their Russian competitors those negros know that when they return to their own homeland they will have to face blind hatred and discrimonation. Commission Exhibit 102 tO-536 0-64 vol. XVI 30 441 — - o.. ^_*«<'^ .,«* —»-—--»^,n- -A**-^ " '>'->^l - ,^^.J«. , I ^,%JL,^i^/,e.4^^^U» ... «* .«. ^^ • A .-7 ^7 •^'- 'J ^i-* .— -**7^'^ ^JT^-J- i^^-^-T" 1 The Soviet Union is made up of scores of naturiclists asians and Eurpr-asian's armenian and Jews whites and dark skinned people's yet they can teach us a lesson in brotherhood among people's with different customs and origins. A symbol of the american way, our liberal concesin is the existance in our midst of a minority group whose influence and membership is very limited and whose^ dangerous tendencies are suflSceanly controlled by special government agencies. The communist party U. S. A. bears little resemblance to their Russian conterparts, but by allowing them to operate and even supporting their t»te guidc ^ right to speak, we maintain a tremonusu sign of our strenght and liberalism harasment of their party newspaper, their leaders, and advocates, is treachery to our basic principles of freedom of S'peach and press. Their views no matter how misguided, no matter how much the Russians take advantage of them, must be allowed to be aired, after all communist U. S. A. have existed for 40 years and they are still a pitiful group of radical. Now-a-days - most of us read enough about certain right wing groups to know eftOHgh how to recognize them and guard against their corresive effects, a would like to say a word about them, although their is possibley few other american bom person's in the U. S. who know as many personal reasons to know and therefore hate and mistrust communism. I would never become a psuso-professional anit- communist such as herbert Philbriks or Macarthy. I would never jump on, any of the many right wing bandwagon's, because our two contries have too much too offer too each other to be tearing at each others trouths in an endless cold war. Both are conoutries have major short comings and advantages, but only in ours is the voice of dissent ai l thc - a bitffey—ef-4 ha t v o ice -ef-d ieHcn tT allowed opportunity of expression, in returning to the U. S., I hope I have awoken a few who were sleeping, and others who are indifferent. I have done ftetfeifig alot of critizing of our system I hope you will take it in the spirit it was given, in going to Russia I have followed the old prioiple "Thou shall seek the truth and the truth shall make you free In returning to the U. S. I have done nothing more or less than select the lesser of two evils. Commission Exhibit 102 —Continued 442 ,y'^ji^^~-7 jZ.^7^ _^ - ^^^ ^*-<7 y&9 '^7 :> iLi-- .5^^ -*r ..**'«^;» -^*j«»-»»^^ »TSfasiaS3P *iS, Commission Exhibit 103 443 "^-^^/^^-.^^vtt/ •^^^ ^--^^-^^^^-^ Jtfl^ ^- l^r«0 ^ 2 Stalin Ave. ookkeeper K-8-09-15 hernishevsky Square ouse #12, Apt. 3 Ant. Vlad. ,.A^...i..' £ifa /-y lO^ Vanda Kuznetsova Because the world is beautiful L. D. 14-259 Because you are handsome 5 Kurskaya St. Apt. 38 And in sacrifice (there is no limit) G-2-04-81 Ext. 359 Because I love you Volodya A-00036 Do not implore Nakorov Ext. 115 For All the dreams and torments Tverskaya St. I thank you. House #20, Apt. 26. IH liiHfirilii Sergei Ivanov Robert Al. 2-45-93 Pozbelysky St. House 7, Apt. 2 Irina Valkova 131 Ligovsky Ave. Apt. 9 Commission Exhibit 104 445 Printseva, Galya Grazhdanskaya St. House 7, Apt. 49 D-2-09-10 Printseva (?) Grizentsev, Lev Kondrativsky House 7, Apt. 63 or House 63, Apt. 7 Cover shows a picture of birds singing on bough. Printing on the bottom: "NOTEBOOK." Commission Exhibit 105 447 f» liif- rJ2^7> Commission Exhibit 105 — Continued 448 1 T5 .Mi^f^i•*-**' ^e^y9't^// SSP 1 rV -^-w^^lt^^J '/^'^ \ -t-^*^^ Ayr>t4M' ,yt*.<>r H(<%.»*^^ jSWt'^^M^C-.^ r . t.^itt. < Ciit<»f AjCAm^o^ cr7 , %gm* tt^^-r^ J/tJ^ Commission Exhibit 105 —Continued 449 ! : (Handwritten text of a song) Is it not about her that village accordionists Who is going to the field so early? Play songs in the gardens at night. Who is VA'elcoming dawns in the field? While trampling over the spring grasses? It is a collective-farm girl, (Refrain) A kind that would make a fellow lose his Was it not a dashing fellow who met her sleep. the grove? Her hair is long He met her, yet would not come close, And her eyes are languid. For she is quite a girl Old and young alike, all the people in the He looks at her murmuring street, •'Oh, heavens forbid. I may fall in love !" Look at the girl with admiration. Yet, he is reluctant to leave ; (Refrain) Oh, there must be a reason : He keeps gazing at her Why Russian beauties are famous ! Unable to take his eyes away. (Repeated twice) Is it not she who comes down to the river? Is it she, who mows the grass near the oak Looking intently at the vsater grove. With her eyes so bright Vying with others? She bends over the water ; Commission Exhibit 105 —Continued 450 <-fX> i9^. /fC. "General Notebook" containing copies of verses of Soviet poets. 4 , ' ; I ^' //- -.1^-'^ #^^* 'CK. taf^&^'^^i^' Commission Exhibit 106 452 — cfc. UMMra0y»S. /i<3 >«^ jfe^e^f-tJUjeAy/ i^ yimt07£> jrcx/^ -^ I "t.*^ ^G3^fi^-x: C/990 t ^ /re '/St?. /97^ <^ ^OJC^M^^^ >/Vtf?C K. Simonov (From a Lyrical Diary) I lived in hotels a great deal And got off at various stations ; Anything stretching out ahead of me Would eventually be left behind. I was not bored in the provinces And was pleased with changes ; I did not give the name of unfaithfulness To my small transgressions. I was looking for a remote one, Unfaithful one, even if she would be But a passer-by, As long as she resembled you One like that, who probably does not even exist. Someone whose eyes are sometimes grey, sometimes dark -blue, Between the eyelashes sprinkled with snowy hoar-frost, Which I would suddenly dream about. Commission Exhibit 106 —Continued 453 T •T* 'J' c \ i 1/ v^-- vv ^ > Your tired face Which does not resemble portraits, Lips upon which snow melts, Warmed up by me. And your glance lazily thrown my way, Which has always meant That I was not the one you were seeking, That I was simply someone You were kind to, Because on a snowy night. When it was cold, I warmed you, my good one, With a fairy tale . . . And do you know, that I trouble myself With a strange fancy. That you, too, are not the one I desire. But merely someone who resembles her? Commission Exhibit 106 —Continued 454 ' -*^fftnii(*'"f^lt-" .•- ^-- --mj- t :.-L."-^--. - h -'-JOc/C v^ «_3^ > C (^f^crc^cy^^ *m y^ '^ Z'' i « ^t^ t '-><- .JS -»>3 ^ f O'^ -> V %X' ,^<.^ y-r f iS^ ^ > K V. ^ ^*^- (C^f- y csr- ^- ^ '7 ^ A, iy. C yy^c'/'i^ Mct: j ,^«,c -'»»«/' <-? ^o^t^^ffc^ . /y-^t" -^ -^ ./^ -' ?. f »^ .. ^*. J ^ /V<- *r,i>^^ .; .t >», ; -2 X ^^/'>o^ c' /v c c^ ^>^-. >. . w^ > - ,2Xt.. c^ —f ti<. >c tv •arv^c^-' r-^c ^j w* '•'^ t Xr» ^3 ." ' 1iA-m^»t C <»»» ^-0 ^ t?.^^ '-» I am pining away ; I would like to find Another one like you rather than go back, But where can I find the arms That I would miss so in separation? Where can I find eyes filled with the same anger, But rarely with tears? The one who would always make me afraid that she will not come? Where can I get another one like this, the one whom I forgive anything? With whom I would live risking to lose her at any time? So that with every dawn, arising after a sleepless night, To be as arrant as she is? To spend the night With the one so dissipated, yet so sweet, And then not being able the next day To take her either by force or caress? Commission Exhibit 106 —Continued 455 ss msa ^ x cr* tv '^< t^i^^^y f. <>- 'yj«_<;3 c_ ':x IJ' ^-^ , - y*'^^^C^'^ -f A. r y *y^^' ' ::ui/b^ ' -^ y ' /^ f f . ' ' U /' . .*'-*^ ^-^ A*a^ «^x>,2 =^==.. So as to curse oneself next day with a longing And to hear nothing but a hollow, "Don't touch me !" So as, on meeting her glance In a sleepless stillness. To love two souls living within her, side by side. Not to know what may happen between morning and night, What soul would she turn to have ; Exhausted by her. I do not know how to live ; I would like to make my lot easier with another one. But to replace her with another That other one would have to be exactly like her, Wicked and priceless, And accursed like her. No, there is no second one like her In the entire universe. Commission Exhibit 106 —Continued 456 ; ; ; c^. >' ,*-»» i? '»y^f?-f Ar«» .yT'z^^, -y :::. "^ I write to you every evening I tell you about everything According to our long-time habit, But when we meet in the daytime, We are strangers who do not need each other. It is terrible to think about what had been. All that had already been. Sometimes I am ready to think That you did not love me It is possible to give a kiss without love Lips lie in the heat of passion ; But I saw your tears And know your lips did not lie. Commission Exhibit 106 —Continued 1536 0-64 vol. XVI 31 457 — 1 It is for the best, that you are not angry Because in order to save myself trouble, I write only from time to time. Different letters are written Tearful, filled with pain; Sometimes —beautiful. More often —useless. You cannot tell everything in letters Neither can you hear everything in them ; We keep feeling that we cannot Express ourselves in letters the way we should. Should I come back, you would not have To scold would-be husbands ( ?) — And should I die there is nothing worse Than rereading old letters. Commission Exhibit 106 —Continued 458 1 ^xUiy-J^/*- €\it O i^ J .><_ «3>»9 ^« <^<:3 £1^^ ^'^u.^jp/'^y-i-^c^ ^c ^y ^-£1^/ ^' s-t-^ /^(f i^^^i:^ t^^c/'^t^ ^i.-M.'fu. cLt^^ J ''I -ce^L^c^^ .' mssmmm^. A SON He was not young but brave He went toward the bullets without a long preparation ; He built bridges and crossings And never lagged one step behind his soldiers. He died on the very threshold of Berlin. In the last mine field, Without saying good-bye to his companion, Without learning that she would bear him a son. His wife was left in Tambov And in the field-engineer regiment remained The one who became his love In forty-one, a year black with misery The one who did not think far ahead Wondering what her future would be But marched through the entire war by his side Without fear for her own life . . . She did not want anything from him She did not ask him anything for herself. Commission Exhibit 106 —Continued 460 ; ; '• /O o»^ «<• «<*^ «y»r< "-*r» C?« ^,» fc-'»-» * ^^»-tj£ijt^A ^jc^^^r^^ri a ^^> c^ c~> o^ ^ttltif^.*^ ?<# *4^yY^ i4Ji^»^ CLJi.^*^ /-Ui^^**^ ^ei^ ^K^ r^ ^^ 'ZZt^e^t^^ ^tf .^j>PrY€ eif*-f t /^ ; -^»*p 03**^ ^^a^*^^ ^ jcXm^*»'W ^ y^^A/. Giving him her life irrevocably This is true it caimot be denied ; . . . Although he did not conceal from her the fact that he was married. . .The colonel's vi'idow receives her pension . For the dead one His eldest son is already independent and working Even his daughter has been married for a year. But somewhere still lives another woman Who was called his "war wife." Only to her alone Nothing was promised, nothing was willed. Only to her alone and a little boy Who is reading his first books, Whom it is hard to clothe without patches On her hospital nurse's salary. Sometimes he hears about his father, That he was kind, brave, and stubborn. But he does not write his father's surname Commission Exhibit 106 —Continued k 462 ^MHM ^f i ^*^^ g« ««^ t^ y->9 AtAO /'-^je. /* •JCt_* /e> e.S^y II 1 3 T^^-ia^-fU Cicc^iMq »^^CrMO, , ^-re>-«^^ «./,^c»-r9 T J7 J. lP" (^^ >VCulHu Ml^C^tX ^AX^oUia t^CjLUH' Q '»J' Not everyone can understand his own life One has to experience a great deal in life One could make a mistake, but not twice Otherwise, it would be difficult to live. Life is boring, empty and uninteresting. If you are unable to fall in love To fall in love with all your heart, honestly. And be devoted only to your friend. Beware of sudden infatuations, The ardour will pass, but you cannot regain honor There will be too much distress If you are unable to understand life's truth. Do not deceive yourself with success Among many young men ; They need you only for amusement, But for life you need only one. And when you meet him in life Commission Exhibit 106 —Continued 468 ; >'''W L/Ot,. UC-C-* — ir 'v2'-J( -A Ka^'^c C^-**--^ "^ I". (ic^'-M t^oc%-i^ h i^-c^^-j When you will feel that he is the right one, You will realize that the others were only passing fancies, The others were only a dream. Perhaps your friend would not believe at once You understand, one must not trust chance; But when you believe in his love, Give yourself to him completely and forever, Because your friend is jealous. (Who among us was never jealous, friends !) You will never be happy Unless you give yourself wholly, ( ?) If you have no friend by your side. You are the only one to blame, ( ?) You must not be angry with him, All secrets of life are so simple. Translator's IVote: Question marks in parentheses in this poem were apparently inserted by Marina Oswald Commission Exhibit 106 —Continued 469 : ;; ! ^^^1 oc JUL^ ryjuukiuji^ no 3 Jicrr\{^ uA>-OC|.u ej^nrTL Uf Xc>^0i4 i^OcLTv^o moo*i ... klJoc/ j» n^e-,,/-^ If life makes you a victim of a crude joke, And blocks the road ahead of you, Just the same, stubbornly clenching your teeth, Do not leave the road upon which you started. You have the right to reproach him ; Although there are people who are worse. But it is the way you look at it Broader or narrower point of view. Narrower oh, well, that is all right. : He is not a bad fellow, after all Do not demand too much of him, Be grateful for what he is. A broader view alas, it is cruel : You were not with him, my friends A Philistine in friendship Is just a . . . friend. Commission Exhibit 106 —Continued 470 ; : ^x II 11 A \ if ^WsOl, ^jO^CvNJk >^<^~-/w -)(V<-^ / -^ \ i \ I may curse later Your features To love you is like a disaster To which there is no end. There is no friend, no comrade Who could drag me out of this conflagration In the broad light of the day. Despairing of salvation, I dream in the daytime And live near you As near an earthquake. When I get myself free of a phantom, I vein say in reply to a Criticism against you "Why count her sins? She is neither good, nor evil." Commission Exhibit 106 —Continued 471 ; #^ C £teH UM %v, '<- uxxujluu t-ct Y-*- oa t,4:-ci4£. vXcoOjO' U^ /'i*c»cu£p I V h (j -\i_-rv\k- VNv>*i'ia'JM^*AN>V-V' '3''>^ v*\^oV<\> . M Tv\W cts\juia.4juu\. o" "U-jJ- yn-* »^ it|>v^-vax<* ->^ vA t,aju«. --*- U>f-*-vO IV* «S^ ^ «^ u*^ M ^>f*\.«\rx»«A «> Aa>WW<4^vM ^^ycn^O-c a u Ml S. Esenin You do not love me you are not sorry for me ; Am I not young and handsome? You get rosy with passion Without looking at my face, Putting your hands on my shoulders. Young one, with a sensual grin, I am neither tender nor roujzh with you ; Tell me, how many did you caress. How many lips do you know, how many lips? I know, they passed like shadows. Without touching my flame. You sat in many a man's lap. And now you are sitting in mine. Let your eyes be half-closed. You are thinking about something else. I myself am not very fond of you. Losing myself in the far-away dear things. Do not call this ardour— fate ; Commission Exhibit 106 — Continued 472 ; MWMM*MMw*iM '• \J ' , A hasty bond is fickle As we meet by chance, I will smile, calmly separating. You, too, will go your own way, To scatter joyless days. Only do not touch the unkissed ones, Do not entice the ones who have not burned ! And when you walk along the lane With another, chattering about love. Perhaps, I will go out for a walk And we will meet again. Turning your shoulders closer to another one. And bowing slightly You will say low to me "Good evening," : And I will answer, "Good evening, Miss." And nothing will trouble my soul. And nothing will make her tremble. One who loved cannot love again ; One who was burned, can no longer be ignited. Commission Exhibit 106 — Continued J6 0-64 vol. XVI 32 473 Writing on the inside of the back cover of the notebook : "Schicklgruber, Adolf (H.)" Commission Exhibit 106 —Continued 474 3* .4 'MleL Vi 2-fl<4mEI^ '•uunwiaaiasM Document with Russian writing: "2 —CMEHA" : "2nd Siiift." Commission Exhibit 107 475 . C yriOdou 1 P^ rwfj^)'"""" iS^ Auk*. cj&«^a4^vb ^ Uwo JU ju^^ju^ rwiijL TriH^ 4 itcuAR^ juiH« unAAMt^ eA/4>CM*A< |(M*<.a^cl.. C rwodoca aviccuA^ .ft»uuii<» - ^^- A poem (possibly a marching song) Hey, sun splash brighter ! Burn us with your golden rays Hey, comrade More life ! Keep up, do not delay others, march ! In order that the body and soul be young, be young, be young. Do not be afraid of either heat or cold, Temper yourself like steel Physical culture, physical culture, be ready, When times come to strike the enemy, Fight them off from all frontiers. Left side, right side, look sharp Commission Exhibit 109 477 "^u %,% \t W LM lI ' -u^f^. -"Xi-i* '.* .*^ ^i ?.^«x4>j^:^^r 'il^'t*/ / '' ejt/i^^^.^^/ .^ 1*">--'*^ .^^^oMug. .^ ,.i<^^ -v. V>. ^/M ... ..<»'. 4 Commission Exhibit 109 —Continued' 478 1 W^- IlU'S -!—T . . ^ /i:^^^^i-y^4 H T f .1 U) HpNiiu ABpayoaoR HSAATSJIbCrBO ;iHTePATVPU MA NHOCTPANHUX )i9UKAX B H b .1 ft O T E I jJL Inside title page of book ; SPAS KRALEVSKY Eyes Which Question (Diary of a teacher) Translated from Bulgarian by Irina Avramova Publishing House of Literature in Foreign Languages Library Bulgaria Sophia, 1962 WIIIIMIIIHBII.Mpi T" • *- Commission Exhibit 111 481 Tan H c.ivMii.iocb EaOyniKa Raphn kswauA RHU ns-sa aB^rymcA CHptRH h nuuiHO asOiiTbix k) AeHb xojH.ia nn BHHorpaAiiHK h iiocii.i.i H.iHnny Aped ynoiiHU. HaK?33Hu Chi.iii h Hiimoc .naTiiiiKOH. CAy. Ec HHKTO H<^ Mor sanoAOspnTb. raK kbk nee HO iia 9roT pa3 011 w ci'pAH.icn. noii.iiinnoM accro ab3 pasa. Ili-p- Korjn .lam-c cvy raiPTw c noc.ai'AiiKMH bc- Ilo Ohi.io B sTofi Beciie 11 iie"iT<\ OT.iiiMaBujee nv RMfi paj. CTHMM c BoCTOMiioro ({ipoiira. ii nropoil >iepo3 mc- — oT Apyriix B«H'ii. C BocTO'iM^'ro iJ>poiiTa jo.u-Ta.in cnii, Koria On.iiinii y>KO iioiipaB.iH.icH. Xora a h Ao line paAoCTiiijf hi'cth: riiT.H'pOBCKiii' BofiCKa iipo 3Ha.i napTiiMKCKiic npaBii.Ti. Bce we cnpocii.n fro. jo.DKa.m KaTb>C>(i«'it KacKax. Hhkto mo iioAHiiMa.i CHcroM. pVKy A.in npiiiiCTt iBiiH. — 3H310. Kvja Miie Jl Bbi HC OecnoKOfl- HIT11. OAiiaT iiaiiiipoi'iii 11 B.ir.iHiiyn iia mohh ciioiimh r.iy'5<>KiiMii chhhmii r.ia- II IIOMb KOHMHJlACb .laMii. CKa.ia.i: — CKopo fait Kyviaii uiiHTb oTKpoeT cbiik) \ap- H BOT onaTb npmu.ia Rcciia. PcKa Beccjio 33- MeBllK). (IMHTI. COfit'pfT CBOHX Op.lHT. Buluc rii.inBy. uiyM'.-.ia cpo.iH pacnyCTiiBuiiixrn Bcp6. Co BCi'x abo- y>)ine.ii.! J^ pOB noHCCca yrioiinMbMufi xiijjix UB.Tymcft CHpciiH. n iiDiiH.i. Iia 1T001I ii.iMCKa.i. EMy xoT«.iivbCKa- Xo.lMU, OKpyiKJBUIil'.' ropn,lQoKpH.1llCb TyCTOft 3'"- MTb XllIC CIIIC MTO-TlfJlO B 3T0 BpeMD nOC.lUllin.lCIl .VllblO.CpeA" KOTopofi OO.ICTH llBi'TymilC Acpi'BbM 3B0II uiMOp — iia M.iiiii;aAii iiOKasa.icii haMnQiHK rio y-iimiM 3acTy'ia.i!i Tc.icrn. b KOTopux nccTpc.iH iio.iimiiii upKiic KO.U1IK1I /Kcmmiii. .iK)Aii c paHiHTo yipa — .'Id cnHAaiiiiH! — cKasa.i Oafl KyMBH. no- BU'.'j/Ka.m D iio.ie. iipi/MiMy y.ihiOajicb. M yuif.l. KaK Birc.-Aa 11 9Ta B'Xiia 6ypH0 BOpBa.iacb b Vuu! 3ro Chi.ia iiaiua iioc.iCAimH BCTpcsa. K.iaCCM niMHaailH. OflHTb tlOSBII.IHCb 3aMtHaMHH B BcKope iipoiuoiu.iii C061JT11H, or KOTopux BCCb xjypna.iax. 6u.ih h Oo-U-e 'lyBCTBiiTCibiiue HaKasa- nam ropoiOK ouoiiohim Ho ciiaia.ia h paccKawy l.'VI I.M j'*3",».Y»;ia".-. .3^ r.AjT^t ?«Wiut»n»'4X«»- T^ toabt,;, .ciAi. O TOM, KBHOA aHpKy.IMp Mfal nOUiyMHJIH HS MHHHCTep- aaac? He acnOHHHjiHCb jim bjim iicpBue ahn b iuko CTBa npocBemeHHB: sro 6u.io mto-to syAOBHiUHoe. nt, KorAa sucpaAocTbKmrra.iH nocK.iaAaMC.iaBHH- He6wBa;ioe b HCTopHH Haiuefl Ky.(TbTypHOfl ikhshh CKyw aaOyKy co.nyiicKMX (SpaTbes? TbMS 3acT.iaflj Ha aacejaitHH neAarorHiWKorocoBcra flHpeKtop aauiH Masa, b KaMHH npeBpaTH;iHCb BauiH cepAua' 6hi.i Mpa^CH KaK Tywa. Oh Aonro nonpaB;m;i cbom )KHBbic rpynhi! vaHwmj H nepeK;j7AbiBa.i h3 pyKM b pvKy .niiCTOK M Bce JKC ypoK ecTb ypoKl fiyMapH — cnoBHO xotp.t ocB0<5oAHTbcn OT Hero. Ho OroAHS 0<5B3aTe.ibH0 npcjKAC BCfro cnpouiy u:ipKy.mp ccTb uHpKy;iiip. mbao fiuwio npoqecib ero Bece.iHHy Mhkobv. BcAb pO,10K. SaAyMMHBMfi. COCpl-AOTOMCHHUA BIT.IItA. * 24 HM - l»Hk (.1»«HCK0t nUrkMtHHOCTH /lerHOHfpU H OpiHHHKH — HieilU MO.inif4(lt|Jt * <^ll inMCTrRNt oprsDHSiuuft " Bo.irapMH J IW \ i Commission Exhibit 111— Continued 482 H«« »rf«,. Negligent hom.«de with a motor vehicle, or Murder with a motor vehlcle?Number oT^v!^ W ' 14-A ^M APPLICANT'S DRIVING RECORD This tide for lue of Driver (nd Vahkk Records ENvisioa only. REFERENCE NO. TEXAS DEPARTMENT OF PUBUC SAFETY i. R. DBTVER AND VEHICLE RECOfiftS DIVIMpN Commission Exhibit 112 —Continued 484 Wmnt LICENSE MO HICH»«Y PaVkOI TEuE PNONg Mn DRIVERS HANDBOOK SiOSII. UK». *.>, 20(4 9«l«giil Slrnt nOO Ei^l lOtli Avtnte UOS Adams Av«nue MO? South Port RaiHI^Idt.Fai Ciowtfs 4IKS Mxulis IICKV. Nwffiwesl Hi(h*ar 'RMSlTHl Rtvtf 0*s Blvd SUMt AHItne Fiefi«^ <010 Annw R 37II1 NwlkSig Sixmi OMyGlMIHne MSSUftGniets W Riyhin Dim MliettxckRciM (00 Noith GlcnMin] }3I8 FrankliR 141? B»M|( Commission Exhibit 113 f ^ Commission Exhibit 114 485 MAKE YOUR OWN STAMPS for use in OFFICE • STORK . SCHOOL • HOME . FACTORY . SHIPPING ROOM - «TC. NEW ADDRESS • PRICE CHANGES • NOTICES MARKING PACKAGES • LABELS • TAGS • ETC. Commission Exhibit 115 486 >]« THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO h- SPANISH-ENGLISH • ENGLISH-SPANISH z o Q UJ o ESPANOL-INGLES • INGLES-ESPANOL o D H u Compiled by u CARLOS CASTILLO and OTTO F. BOND OL ASSISTED BY BARBARA M. GARCIA • New, concise. ^ o o ID III Ul -I a. u hi z f^l ]V (#^ J. o THE MILLIONS of people throughout the world who are now uiing the carefully edited Language Series published by POCKET BOOKS, INC., we proudly present this joint effort, prepared by The University of Chicago. The accuracy and authenticity of this Spanish-English, English-Spanish Diction- ary will, wc sincerely hope, demonstrate again our aim to present "the finest books at the lowest possible price." Other helpful language volumes are; DICCIONARIO DEL fDIOMA ESPANOL by Edwin B. Williams (t04) GC-<0 ENGLISH THROUGH PICTUKES, BOOK 1 by Richards and Gibson (450 V-l ENGLISH THROUGH PICTURES, BOOK 2 by Richards and Gibsoo (.4;<) XfA FIRST STEPS IN READING ENGLISH by Richards and Gibson <454) W-2 THE MERRIAM- WEBSTER POCKET DICnONAHY OH) C-S SPANISH THROUGH PICTURES by Richards, Metcalf and Gibson (49#) V-30 SPANISH STORIES AND TALES Edited by Harriet de Onis i.l*OT s> i« ^ /5-^V ASVo/ /"/*/ /•/»/? -as— /»^6./ ::--^ A... litil tfKf" !• -3 liP^ir;r"'^''^"'--"«i*»'«»^'~ -^.-JT.iav:*—»»^' ' Commission Exhibit 117 490 . •->,proptft^ insiearf an in' Riving em)>ha<:!f fo Inu-e;- fit Commei ^'>(ireement that ih . Jtes authorities as V,Si. confederation's Xew Yyrlj, nffici It 77 million Americans should be borns by t^e furiil. 5J jxiverty or deprivation an example of this: fld of these. 38 million • than one-fifth of the THE TUC belie- es'fcai union. /«i in po\erty. -• !9i0's Roosevelt spojcg *-f> ^,.ii Js of oar. osfiiii tOTnnuiBi c-tWrd of the na^t housed, ill-fed and iif- 'Now, after Sf>'. '*'**"- r anti-monopoly coa: the cold war. . . Gus Hall, "is and \(fl he people in our cou/j- deselops, a politi^ ; li,vjng under the 'iw- expici on ,^ot the gap that Sro«yij 3fe^SW!Cf n the monopolie le^i; <^; atiwial debt, piled tip •'.sith'J'' wl^*hjess drive for pro-^ old v.-ar, is now over r-«>^nS Wfet'' disr&aard , of til* m. ^ interestsoi the people, anrf-^ai ' is how the American tiona^rtaresW-*|i^;frt*rgeis e paying lor the o HALL W iMii'( wrUteii 3nd t.'.S. Communist spo read. p great detail __ into F;vWt^'Hem'ocrat!c '.nidi-- g the democratic alter- cf ihp .American people S'hich stand before the are "strong aiiies for Can.-idians , 8is country. fn tlieir .QM^^vt^b.TtftJ lor Li- irper risht against the d e p c n 4^^^^^|DB||£e J uUra-night and inde- t>olitif.-il rftii'n and tht> :ind I 'it M'i-.'o uus Hall's |x.:-:i| :.;, ; .;- fine lesson m j'Ohtic; nr Commission Exhibit 118 491 /iypr'< runm nmiii enammt TMF rnrwiNC GUM i I 4 -1 IP* '*"*1*,» <*.!lt*^ Commission Exhibit 121 492 f Commission Exhibit 122 ' >-»ni,>:*; -' '•#v«^:-j#jy^?^«y%/ , . _r _^;j ^^'^^ •• V, ^;^ Commission Exhibit 123 493 Commission Exhibit 125 Commission Exhibit 126 Commission Exhibit 127 494 lil I'^IH^^ ir fe OriD . r^a: j!iii!!!iiiiii|ii|iii!!iiiiliiry .I'Jiliiiililriii iiiilJi giiiiJiUiiiiiiiJi iiiiiJiliiSiiiiiii:......^.^^ liii jdililiij yF!jyi jijite liiiiMiliiliii'iii'illiiiiiil: ;:: ' ''M^»^^iiM ' ii!Ki!i4i.iiiiihi!iiiiiiiiy iiiiiiii iiiiii)iiiii.ijhi iliii: 'lii: liiii i-iiiiiiliH iiiiiii'ii Jfuij iiiiiiiiiijyiiiiiiiii"i'"i''ii Miiilii^iii hmiuliiyjii ikii&fllijiJiL^i-jife ; ,;; " ' ,ii!i!i.i.!J ! I If !!l!i..K.< !.; '.. :::lill!!iijiii i 1 ii iii'i'iiiliiililiiiiiiiiiijiuiiiiiiMi liiiliiu iiiiiiiiiililLiiJiiii'iisiiliiilii JjmM Commission Exhibit 128 495 —Continued Commission Exhibit 128 496 . iiiiiii!! i'!: i llli!!iii» lllitS!lii)iH,....»ii.;,n,..''.i :;:;: I ..!!.... .^, it! ,:.. ..;, ' : ;;^ji;i);iiti;ii;-!iiiiiilj iiiiiiiiii i . . ..•- . . 1 I iitiiliiiiiljiijiiiiimiliijliijii it! :i]i!![!iiiii!J!i!iiiiili!i!iii!«!it '•''''• :!i!ii!i-i5l!iiiii.iiif' ^ijjjli'jjjjijiiji'.ijiijili i.ijijjji] :j;;i jiiijiiu iiijjgiji-i^ji "My id M. ' '""'"'iliiiiiji i*J iiiiiiiluiiliiiUiiiiiiiiiiiUiiiliiiL ; liiyjiUi) >!wui fllDjiiOi ijiliiiiliiilifiiiiiil li'dyiiihiniJIiliiiiyirriiiil Commission Exhibit 128 —CJontinued 497 iliiiii!!)|!iiiiiai|il ntltijlHiiillril l|: I iSiHi Commission Exhibit 128 —Continued 498 I\ ^^\ Commission Exhibit 129 J^^^- ^*W.' r. .iAit;) ^9 'r-f X o Me*' (jsi^f'^/. ^ ^c» *•- »-• -t,.-*,. -/ • >c iir u*.^-' J other statement in brackets. "The dotted line shows that axle is going through the entire bushing.") So if you take it off, the speed of revolution of the disk will be diminished. I don't remember exactly the brand of your record player but if it is the most common its motor should be of this construction. Marina, you are asking what kind of weather we have in Minsk. It is good for Fall but generally it's better than summer in the daytime. We had an exceptionally bad summer this year. We had snow in June exactly like the saying goes, "The snow on your head." Marina, you know that people write about the weather basically for two reasons When there is no great desire to write, and when there is nothing to : Commission Exhibit 132 —Oontinued 506 ' I iiinimiwii'i z^^ i ~.^U'4*^ *''%- *!! /'C^J^il.ir. -.^. c»-<- i "Jf^'C- .-<../- /^<'4-Cj£..^^ -s^&i^ tfUf^O^e-c-^-t-jat ^J5c-*.<-^' ^<6-^ ^ J write about except the weather. They write in such cases "and the weather: here. . (good or bad)." And further on: "the sun is shining (or it rains)." . . That's why I personally do not like very much to write about the weather. I promised in this letter to send you Zhanna's address. Here is her address Lenin- : grad, Novgorodskaya street, Number 14, apt. 3, Zhanna Shishkova. By the way, Marina, try to explain to Paul, that the basic idea of Pogodin's play "A Man With the Rifle," is contained in words "Now we do not have to fear a man : with the rifle." This, as doctors say, is a quintessence. Thank you for sending me several numbers of "Amerika" they will come soon. But if you want to see the ; Commission Exhibit 132 —Continued 507 —1' -^r^-uur-^ *sr « ' r ^ . A- ;^-A ^.M. ^1^ air \ >/ fv - but you know "Ainerika,'_just magazine "Amerika" very badly, you can see it here; ordinary weekly magazines. From as the magazine "Soviet Union" (USSR) are not abroad (for export). I would prefer the beginning these magazines are prepared for type of our magazines Knowledge Is to get from v..u the technical ones (of the ones and the ordinary weekly Power," "Technology For Youth"), radio technical magazines of the "LIFE" tyi>e. i.e., like our "Ogonek." Goodbye, I am waiting for your letters ^. ^^^^ ^ p^^^^ ^ 9-10-62 "^y «* ''^^^^- Commission Exhibit 132—Continued 508 ABHA ^ Hviia s ^ «»*«aions or Dlatrict of Colura- IKa «r a crime af violaixa or <» crima punlaha^U Ny imprtso»ffD««it for a tanii - axcaadlnr l yaar, nor am ,.^ ....—._. _^ . _ h«rHI»« froaa m|n4 "^ Commission Exhibit 135 Commission Exhibit 136 511 Commission Exhibit 139 J COMMISSION Exhibit 140 512 >«M—»»»^-.^. ' ^Y"'"^^ '^9iiif*^^l^il#NP'9"''^ fTmjjrrrrfifip; WW' ii|i|i|i|i)i|i|i|i|i|i|i|iiip[i|iji|iji|ijimMijiimTTpT -^-- Commission Exhibit 141 Commission Exhibit 142 ,ifr: f!jffm[m|ipp|iirpnjipji|ij/ir|n'ii|i(iii[n'Fmn[iFpni'rj'^ _. (WiTp[^!iin']ii!|injf|iwmi]>)i[H'|M'mi|i|ijiiiiil» Commission Exhibit 143 513 Commission Exhibit 144 Commission Exhibit 147 i^mftmmtmmmmt. —^*^ Commission Exhibit 145 Commission Exhibit 148 Commission Exhibit 146 Commission Exhibit 149 514 <«M«ie<^*dEf-. r Commission Exhibit 150 i i Commission Exhibit 151 515 Commission Exhibit 152 Commission Exhibit 153 516 ^ f\ i Commission Exhibit 156 Commission Exhibit 157 Commission Exhibit 158 518 Commission Exhibit 159 ::^'''''\-.\\\Ui;: Commission Exhibit 160 519 Commission Exhibit 161 w <;- * V Commission Exhibit 162 520 Commission Exhibit 163 Commission Exhibit 164 0-536 0-64 vol. XVI 35 521 Commission Exhibit 165 Commission Exhibit 166 622 Commission Exhibit 107 Commission Exhibit 168 523 BY CO/^fiATRIOT , ,- Mrs. Osv/n!fj Offeree By Compatriot MRS. OSWALD OFFERED HOME — Fort Worth (AP) Mrs. Maria Pnltz arrived late last night in an effort to find Mrs. Lee Harvey Oswald, Russian-born wife of President Kennedy's alleged assassin. All she wants to do is help, she said. She wants Mrs. Oswald to join her family in. their three-bedroom home in San Antonio. "I want her to live with us," said Mrs. Pultz. who speaks fluent Russian and fast English, interspersed with American slang. Says the talkative 36-year old woman, "I feel sorry for her, living in America and not speaking the language. She needs some one who understands." You'd say Mrs. Pultz under stands, all right. Her husband is an airline employee and she has three teenage children. But she finds time to sell real estate, too. CAME FROM KIEV She came to the United States 15 years ago from Kiev in Russia's Ukraine. Asked if she were an American citizen, she replied, "I think I much better citizen than most people in state, but sometimes I get screwed up in my talking." The attractive redhead told reporters in her plush motel room here "Mrs. Oswald : can learn English by living with me. I can teach her things she might never learn. "With two kids it's kinda rough in strange country. I need to get started some way to get hold of her. Before in the morning I find her one way or another. ." .Shortly after midnight, her quest was still fruitless. The Secret Service, newsmen in Fort Worth believe, is keeping Mrs. Oswald and her family out of sight. FREE COUNTRY Asked how she thought peoiile would feel about her having Mrs. Oswald living with her family, Mrs. Pultz tossed her red hair and replied : "I don't care what Americans thing this is free country. . . . I believe most Ameri- cans good. They understand. "If I can talk with her I can make her stay with me in San Antonio. I have helped many people and many have helped me. I can talk with her I give ; her, please, some- thing nice to stay. "I really want to do it out of my heart. hear of it, I think, by golly, if I can get I hold of that girl, she definitely don't want to go back to Russia." Two years ago, the determined talkative redhead six)ke to Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev's son-in-law in New York City. "I was able to get my mother in Russia to come to I'nited States for five months." "I think I can do it now, too." She said and newsmen present were inclined to believe her. © Commission Exhibit 169 524 Commission Exhibit 170 Commission Exhibit 171 525 Commission Exhibit 172 Commission Exhibit 173 526 Commission Exhibit 174 Commission Exhibit 175 627 Commission Exhirit 176 Commission Exhiuit 177 528 "^HBESIK Commission Exhibit 178 Commission Exhibit 179 529 j CommiVsion Exhibit # /§'D fijL^i 9/I^r^, - o-^n^ lu^C^^ /a-<^^ X ^S^ J> *^^y. yC--^ ^-^ t'^ ^ 7,icr^-^ ^^. 2^^^/ o-.x ^^-^ ^^^ ^u'^ ^^-^ I ^:^ ^^^ y <^/:p -i-^ •<-- ^^ -yy^-^a^J.:?^ "7 .-^^^ -r-'3^ y ' ^>^ .^c/;^' ^ ^ ^;=>o^^^^ . U^^ iU^J" ^-t .^--^^ ^y^^'iA. -^J ^ ^ii^t^ircye Dear Mother Recieved your letter today and was surprised that you are working on a ranch. Where is Cromwell Texas anyway ? How is it you deoilded sic ) to go there? ( I am glad you think Marina is beautiful and I shall be good to her. She doesn't have a mother and father. They are dead. But she has a lot of aunts and uncles here in Minsk and also in Leningrad where she was born. She was living at her aunt's place when I met her they are real nice people her uncle is a major in the Soviet army. She work (sic) as a druggist. She finised (sic) the university two years ago for that occupation. "We are in good health and I'm glad you are with good people also. Love Lee P.S. Marina send (sic) her love, also. Commission Exhibit 180 530 , iC CO 5. .a /^ /i— l^'L;,^/-!^ C'^yf (-^ //o--^. ~.:^ y /• > Commission Exhibit 180 — Continued 531 [Commission Exhibit No. 181 consists of a Xerox copy of a letter which was too illegible to be reproduced. The contents of the letter are as follows.] Aug. 3, 1961 Dear Mother I received your packet today thanks alot for all the nice things. You really should not have bothed (sic) to send those little things it's so expensive. I really now only need literature and every now and than (sic) some chewing gum like you sent me before. In the furture (sic) please only send very light and nessicary (sic) things. I wrote Robert and he was surprised that you are working at Cromwell, Texas, don't you write at all to each other? We are getting ready to see you all, but it is along (sic) process especially for Marina. Well, that's about all for now. Love Lee Commission Exhibit 181 532 '~-r, i^.^. y. Iliu is:^gg^>. ^-!^^: /.7>/ ^^ 'C /7: :i2 •/^ /^^K'''^-'./^^'-' r-\> a9'c S5 ^ X ^ s: '/ y y' '( CJ^'^' / /^- •-5,,>.V^»a;,-." \U^»Mie.. ^•^PtVimt.i . Commission Exhibit 181 — Continued 533 ; — Commission Exhibit No. 182 ^:?^< ^J / i"^/ /l/ju^^ ^^, <-/^:>-->} ^ K^ ^' .-^ • -'•^ y^:> y ^.r;?r^-..<^ 7 / /-I .-^ / y yV^ ^ly-.^^y^' .^'^t/'^S^ ,_^-^r^^ I /^ I J/ ^o-..' -..^•^C<; .'^ ^' 1.1 Oct. 2, 1961 Dear Mother Received your package of books yesterday, thanks alot for them I am very glad to have them. I hope you are feeling well and are enjoying your stay in Vernon. How is the weather in Fort Worth and Vernon now. I suppose it must be still pretty hot there although here it has already turned quiet (sic) cold. Do you ever hear much from .John ? Where is he? Commission Exhibit 182 534 ^ X' y^CX-£•••'''• •^ „ .^ .<5" g- -'^''«'^*;^v^-^<^ CD o 02 o CO :^ o u Iam receiving a letter from Robert about once a month now. In the future if you send me some boolis you can send me "time" magazine not "Ford times" and books like "close to the wind." I don't really want, they are too heavy and you could have sent me several books instead, but it's not important you made a very good choice in these books and I'm grateful. Well that's about all for now. Marina sends her love. Love Lee Commission Exhibit 182 —Continued 535 ; Av: \.V-/' ' M^ z' y ^V /7 ,.:7;'''L- - .V^/ ';•'_.. / v.. e,,' :;' -" */ f< l* • ! - •; '' '•• i • - -•; -^' •;«.• '^. •''. o .' i i\ r V.V '/ ;; J " - V .' :: -%-;..«/ ^ -. -'/ / .^ ^^ .^ /,.' /:'' ' J '/. Commission Exhibit 182— Continued 536 Commission Exhibit No. 183 "" __' .-i ^ ' ' iC7o' "3?''^:;7•n*T- r/^ tr ^ 4^.^^ ^.4^'^ ^^^-^<.. , '.. '. ^:.^-^^^ ..viUif^v;^ /'k<'^/f...^ ?'-'-^'7^>->-'t^^.. / 'v. 1 ' ^.^r^O/ .--^^J^^. :'C.<'tV>^ ^%--0 ..A'! w o o o they don't speak any english, however, her uncle is a army colonel, soon to retire. (sic) You neede'nt/worry about my losing American citizenship I can only do that if I want too, (sic) and I don't want too (sic). "For my birthday Marina sent me 'a gold and silver cup with the inscription "To my Dear Husband on his birthday 18/X/61" very nice don't you think, Marina is on her vacation (sic) now, she is sx)ending it with her aunt in the city of "KHARKOV" about 600 miles South East of here. She's just relaxing and taking it easy from work and the house work. We both agreeded (sic) that she should go to a new enviroment (sic) on her vaction (sic), but she comes back in a few more days on the 29th of October. Her aunt Palina's address is the city of "KHAPKOV" V'EZD TREEHKLERA House 5, Apt. 7 MIKHAILOVIOH P. Commission Exhibit 183 — Continued 638 ^;' -•• J ;> / / y'< . 'r'y 7 y' < ( Marina, unfortunily (sic), doesen't (sic) speak any English at all, I would like her to learn, and I've bought some books for her on the subject but for now she doese'nt (sic) want to leam, she speaks alittle (sic) allready (sic) (she learned in grammer (sic) school), and she doesen't (sic) want to study another lanugage (sic) for now, she really does not have the time you know, what VTith her working from 10-5 and then the house work but it doesen't matter for now. Well, that's about all for now. I'll try to write more often. Love Lee P.S. Did you recive (sic) my letter with some pictures of Minsk on it?? Commission Exhibit 183 —Continued 539 . . / .. // ^ n ' \\ C \'i '! /.-. -'/',f.- A^. /.^'- ::/ rr~- — /'' ;0 / . t i <-^i yy '.' / '.'. ' / —U;: x'. ./; w- i'i. / Commission Exhibit 183 — Continued 540 Commission Exhibit No. 184 — ~ ^./J_ -'^ K/'^Y/ I J,- -/ y '/ y. /V^^->^/^'' __.«>; J?. >.-;i'<-t' ^:; 00 8 = ^. cq : t ./ W ^/:--.> o I—I w 1 t— <^^C^'^':^v-^.'^ '<^0 ,.^-7:..^ ^r' •^ I/'' o O j i 'sJ^ /.i^K-^ ;^ *---— '^' o c^^C- \-/ ,.'-e .^^'^^^ ..rvvr ^(7./^^ r. / . I . . / .'J-v-X^.: . ^-^' / Nov. 23 Dear Mother, Today we received your grand gift, I am very surprised that you guessed my tast in color and fabric. Here it is already very cold so your wool stole will be very useful. It is very nice to feel that you are so attentive to me, more so, even, than to Lee. I shall always remember your gift as a mark of our friendship. I hope you won't be nervous for us, you shouden't (sic) worry about us too much. I have never seen you (except on a photograph) but I have alot of affection for you aUready (sic). I hope you shall be well. I thank you again for the fine present. Marina (I wrote it for her but the words are hers Lee) Commission Exhibit 185 544 . «-r- -—— 'V ^'^:- !,>: ' ^/„ \.\-. t. •; ^, \1 \: Lj ij V ! 1 ' i V' r • .•^<'/ ^' '', '.IV (•.»;; ; .!»crco.uiiN-««4i)i. ^::S^'. 1 ,r^ ^TACCCi* fioixii Ok / y' c/c/^^M^j/^/^^, wmk. Commission Exhibit No. 186 ^ / 7 -:^r-- ,1 ii ''\:y^}^~>y'^ '''n>v "• ^''^' ^-i'."^^^^ '''^,^jr-:,«. -^. ;-^^^;;^^3^ » \ • >• .• '. :,^ ^-C?^,^- ^v^^^^"*-^ ^v^liM, '* \ C— Commission Exhibit 186 546 yy^^'.^ ^^ .:y^i C. ^ j^ c/l/o/^^//. ///'. Commission Exhibit 186 — Continued 547 Commission Exhibit No. 187 f) hJ. (J r.- -^ -^v--^ .'/^S-r^^' .'---^^ ^ ''^< /J' . ^/ .^'/^r^-^j- ' . I. Snow is on the ground here and will be until April or May. Marina is feeling fine and everything is o.k. with that. Marina laughed when she heard your question about babies born at home or in hospitals of course allmost (sic) everyone here has their babys (sic) in the hospitial (sic). Your choice of books is very good, thank alot (sic) for them. Marina sends here love and hopes you recived (sic) her thank you letter for the beautifil scraf (sic) you sent her. Love Lee P.S. I wrote this letter on one day but didn't get to send it till today, when I reci\'ied (sic) your second package of books (cowboys & times) so I shall thank you for them also. Love Lee Commission Exhibit 187 Continued — 549 -ma^ - "- — — rj.,-1 . '* ^" '' '^ ^- , » i I -~ \ !'T I ;t iJ i\ './ ft"',.' ' 1 i ; •. 1..;::^ '.< /^.K' ^i.^. ^y /-<) / C' Commission Exhibit 187 — Continued 550 Commission Exhibit No. 188 ^/^ 't-:i.i'''.>-ic^;' . K •./ o >-, i-vd-y'^^ c^^ r .^ •.^ ^^(5^e±,::^. Lf'^^f .: "^^/s/^ic/^^s/i^ ^\ ^-^^...y J c'. •• ,V .^/^ /*"" ~y • /, J ''.*»• i^,.^ { 'r/ -^'.£i'^":-i Dec. 20 Dear Robert This is just to let you know we have a new name for our street they renamed it so when you write to me please write the following address Ultica KOMMUNISTEOHESKI House 4, Apt. 24 (It's hard to spell in English) Ha-Ha Well, it seems we are going to be here over New Years and Christmas ( it will allready (sic) be Xmas by the time you recived (sic) this, I guess) Commission Exhibit 188 551 y^,.- /. e^ 0.^. ^ )^^<^r?^r^ .^.:.^../^'- .>^-- ^-.-^cC^^J^^C.^..^ ~'y c]/ -^ K^^^"^ y .^2^. .^^-<''Cl 'I :. -eCzT> yls^'jx^ ... T-^^i^rr-^^^^.^ ./< K , sure would have liked to have been back in the states for Xmas, they don't cele- I brate it here, of kourse (sic), they do however, mark New Years in about the same way as in the States. It's very cold now here how is it in fort Worth. Mother sent me another package of books and also a ("Fort Worth Star Telegram" Nov. 13) Well, that's about all for now Marina sends her love to all the family on Christmas. Lee Commission Exhibit 188 —Continued 552 l-.^^.».^»-. ^/ < ..-. 200 ^- 'MAimriyxAcm, 'ciP. f' yj ,1 \} U fy ft fl r- jTTn ^'t- y I -.• ~;. .,.,:..' :,^ L2S";5ii:ri'"'-^?i'^^'-'"a3'>' ^'' '^^'^'^y^y^y ' > .2 <- /if^. ^x,y r/ y/.ouf x-> Commission Exhibit 188 — Continued 740-536 0-64 vol. XVI 37 553 — Commission Exhibit No, 189 v *7 'lUe/f^ cf J^-^^ /^'^4 Z^^/ >^ ^/^. ^ l^-ly~. /7 ^M ^ .4^^ ^^'/t-'V/'--"'^-'-''--'^' ' 7 f ^ '' 1 <^>5^=' -^^-^ '"osr^^ [ ^' ^L^- '. ' .' --.-'i^ t^'c-^'V.C '-r'^-^'-'O v-vv-.v .: ,-^! Jan. 2 Dear Mother Well, I have pretty good [illegible] we shall reeive (sic) our visas about the middle of February, which means we may arrive in the U.S. about the 1st of March give or take a month or so. I would like you to do something important for us, get in touch with the Red Cross In Vernon ask them to contact a organization called "International rescue committee" or any organizations which aids persons from. abroad get resettled. There are many such organizations. We need $800.00 for two tickets from Moscow to New York and from N.Y. to Texas. Commission Exhibit 189 554 "" Commission Exhibit No. 189 fSi ; '- 5';4^ oyl^/-'' -^- 5J^tT^ .i^-wr^' .^/^v . »-^ '-^-'^ • * ^ ^ - u^ /.v 1 >">, I \ UJ^ii:'-.: r. s^ i \ \ - . > - - •^<^C'" \ •* / - // / Commission Exhibit 189 —Gontinued 557 : Commission Exhibit No. 190 _ t:,i..-^.<.vi' 2 < ,^j2^, />\.>v>^C^ y'' ^^,.^ ; .• ^,-^- -i^e^"^ . >- .^c-^ .^-i:^;^^—^vf-^r.^^ . •''.^l. w _<-. y "y^ I/' y If / ' -',v-.'»^' January 23 Dear Mother Please do me a big favor go to the nearest oflBce of the "Immigration and Naturaliza- tion oflBces" and file an "affadavit (sic) of support" on behalf of my wife, this is a technical point in regards to permission to enter the U.S. for Marina, and must be made in the U.S. You simply fill out a blank (there may be a charge of a few dollars) and that's all. Please do this now, as they are actually waiting for this document in Moscow. Personal information about Marina which may be included in this blank are Birth Place and date city Molotsk, USSR July 17, 1941 Name - Marina Nikollalava Oswald Place of residence, Minsk Kalinina St. 4 Apt. 4 Thanks Love Lee Commission Exhibit 190 558 -rr^—T^rv:^-*, .. ...yy. ^^^m ^-:^m fm^m Ipf f! u 71 />c /^/^, ,-yy : . -. .-/->• '-^•^^-v::^ / ;6^- > ;'f 191 Commission Exhibit No. // . ' ^ . . . • •^~£^.r^-^ /^' ^^i>: r<. January 20 Dear Mother I hope you recived (sic) my last letter of Dec. 27. As I then said we shall recive (sic) the exit visa's (sic) to leave the coiuntry in March or early April right now what we need is money for the tickets maybe you can try the Red Cross in Vernon about that they should notify the American EJmbassy, Moscow, for information. We recived (sic) your package of magizines (sic) on about New Years thanks alot for them, today I also recived (sic) a post card from you. The weather is very cold and wet here, how is it in Texas. Marina is feeling fine and sends her love. Did you recive (sic) the tea and candy from us? If so how did you like it. That's about all for now, Write soon. Love Lee Commission Exhibit 191 560 ~.3«a.,^i.i. », ,^. -^^-S k: / BBF svlon •- Jv-r- >< i't ,.'!'»! I' ^'i'.iw :r. ^^ //cure/ (S-^'c'^r-i-J: Commission Exhibit 191 —Continued * 561 Commission Exhibit No. 192 - f^/- ^% ;?^ .'^.-^- ..:<-' /-^^ Feb. 1, 1962 Dear Mother Today I recived (sic) 2 letters from you one from the 12th and the other from the 17th as for the gifts we sent you, the can is of candy, eat it in good health. As too (sic)your questions about the money problem I don't know if giving the story too (sic) the newspapers is too good, maybe you'de (sic) better hold off for awhile about that. I'll tell you when. The Baby is due around March 1st, we will probably fly into the U.S. on a airplane and I see no reason for you to come to New York to meet us. I want you to under- stand that although you can aid us in certain, small ways this business about our coming to the U.S., is relatively simple don't make it more complicated than it is. About all for now write soon. Marina sends her love. Lee Commission Exhibit 192 562 *~ f- /" ^:^:^v« i (-12522011 \-J'A..r,.,^j..^i- jV^ / -I < . -'•1 . ''> '*:.'i7;' , ,, , . ^ -i-..™.-i_..-/_i-. Commission Exhibit 192 — Continued 563 i I r:^ Comimission Exhibit No. 193 «.« /•; <" '• '7-r-:'^.'5-- rJ ./. .-v -/ ~y^/T /- " • ' ' '-/ / / // .9 .• r' .y," V'- / X' :--• w' ,/ /, ;<;..-<= y' 7.-C .' ''> (^, "f: / / yourself, you can allways (sic) get back issues of newspapers by apply at their oflSces or the public library. I recived your package of newspapers and magizines (sic), Thanks!! (sic) Cutting those editorials was also good thinking on your part. It gave me alot of news. I suppose it is allmost ( sic ) spring in Vernon by now, huh ? What is the latest news in Vernon? Please write soon, we are getting your letters and so we allways (sic) wait for more ha-ha. When you write please write Minsk 29 (zone). This helps met get your letters qicker (sic). Love from us both Lee Commission Exhibit 193 —Continued 565 '•• s / ! .'V •. : ' v.'=';rrar-,-.T' [PAR AViOHJ l-(-S %-<:' w^-'-i^'i*.- />'e,x i -^../^ ^-<>' ,:^;V<, , ...•.-^.v r .: -'. Commission Exhibit 193 —Continued 566 — Commission ExHbit No, 194 f r < - '/ /r :(C y?., <--. ^^x(-^, A -; 'i /s- •: f ^ ^.c^:jr s^.J f 7 '< i ?^^.u.-i^ ./j:/:-C C^/^'. .•-'^- r-^^ /, /, u-C s^^r*-' . f' 1:^/^2 C^'-^lf .^^/i-c^^f ^-f-'-c^y'i^.*^-. tv^.^ r.K '^ t^--Ci^-'S', .... / ^•^.'. >,.;.^ ^^-•ion which to start before going into the discharge matter further with the Marines. Thats about all for now Love from all three of us. LoveXXX Marina June PS. Enclosed 3 pictures of Marina and I. Commission Exhibit 194 —Continued 568 •^^<^y-^. "PAR AVio'j ^•'>'', . t-^. u.i^;^'^' ^<»^i' V .\..ji / I I I \ L.(!=^^=2«~ Commission Exhibit 194—Continued a-536 0-64 vol. XVI 38 569 /^^^i^Hii^ I Commission Exhibit No. 195 9 f "^ / *^ . ' "J . <.-' -i^^>< 4 ^oiX^ J?.,,,.. ^:c c-irL,,,,^^ /' "TkAc /,.;•--' '.'./ ,• ,.-,./' .-- y ' . '••.'-'' <' /• .- 'f / • Feb. 24 Dear Mother, Well, Isuppose youre allready (sic) reclved (sic) our letter about the birth of little June Lee Oswald (not June Marina) she weighed 7 lbs at birth which was on Feb. 15th mother and child are doing well, she left the hospital on Feb. 24th. We will probably wait for a period of two or more months while little June gains weight for her trip to the U. S. I don't think it is too advisable to leave earlier than May. Our visas are good. Commission Exhibit 195 570 -, !n » ; _ .\W: .- -.ic-- '7.-^- ' < .•'^s- .r // *-i.W. ... ^ A W A [pAk AViC?i ^ r^\i !\/i J :\' QM •* \\/4 ^ ml JJ. Tll-L--. XX\ Commission Exhibit 195 —Continued 572 Commission ExKbit No. 196 ./j .c^^^..^5'-^^-^'-' '.^ // - ^r / ;-r '' ^-r^^-c- , , ^ .^.'.^:::^--,. \^ "i^-i^ ^Tiitt^, ^^^i: '- -.^- --^ ;=^ <--r-.- .^:>:i:i:-:p:v<^"-^'^ -'' ,/• /^/^^' // ^;-r:^:?/^ r ^'.^ ^^/i:!^? ,>.-^^r:^c:v^ ^ /?: ..;^ / The money situation is pretty good although I'd like to have enough to fly to the states,but that's not too lightly (sic) at this time, still it's not very important as regards the mode of transportation. June Lee, feels fine, she allready (sic) wieghts (sic) 11 lbs. and is 1^ months old. Marina feels very well also. We are in constant touch with the Embassy so all is well. That's about all for now. Lee P.S, Marina sends her love. P.P.S. Today we also recived (sic) your card. Thanks. Commission Exhibit 196 —Continued 574 r ; .f%R aWgn] |t;H"uLL. ^,iv H^T-AWc'-.^.^'JS „^'7>-^<^, i -i-^ i r./i I ^^ <^ k^ / ,r.:.'»6I Kyda. 'I ! ' '*' •'^' • t tJl' Jl _S. /_^ I I ^'(^XV /.^ ^^•-- .^.0 ;! 1 / ,V £.-•, r, . . ,. ^ _^ /ifo/ry ;... lf::..^ir2Z.l£. ! ...1. ASGj-U ^x , - « ™ ^I'l^Jfiu.I .,._ _. t:-- ^^:^.i> -?-. a^'sy^,:-,^-/^^,^ CoMMissiON Exhibit 196 — Continued 575 ~~ Commission Exhibit No. 197 ::,'Co^^'^: '-'0'^ lJL'W . •' - ^^/^, ^^,'.^ c:-^'- rt.^,'>/1...:..-^ ^C _'--..,•' -' ^•'--- ./.,• "^V^ . ^' N ! /-y ^—' - . >-,-< \ N >\ •-'e 'o<^ N^. ^?'"V'iV 1, /• X.^"^ >-^wyws- A, ,'.' 'A' ^,,^ .•' vxi '',n^ Commission Exhibit 197 —Continued 577 Commission Exhibit No. 198 - - '/U'^~y"0^-/'^^^ W^^''' ^C^^,C ^i^^<:-/^ ^^ '>^'c>-^^:^cc: '^i^^ ,sX-t>> ^^^ ^^X^ , «/ 1/ y\cc "^-^^ ^C70/\^^ Dear Mother Well, here are in Moscow getting ready to leave for the U.S.A.. I'll be sending a telegram or otherwise informing you as to where we shall embark and so forth, everything is O.K. so don't worry about us we shall be leaving -fefee from Holland by ship for the U. S. on June 4th however I expect to stay over in New York for a day or so and also ftew Washington, D. C. for sightseeing. See you Soon. Love Lee Commission Exhibit 198 578 r .-J, I \ ,r^ ..^^ < r y /-'/.<. :r/j' '^' :JU- -, -^ y v-/ . ',. ...y ..^v-'-'' ^/ .C'"- / ? ^u,<^^ ^ ^^-V>r ^J^' i if --vi^ / . / ^ •• C < r :>A^ ^ ..'.',.A->^^'-' , .>£>^/ Vvv.r .,.-. /.•.". // c\\V^ ,^y\5Ul-(A'^?>/^ ^ October 7, 1955 To whom it may concern, Becaus (sic) we are moving to San Diego in the middle of this month Lee must quit school now. Also, please send bj' him any papers such as his birth certificate that you may have. Thank you. Sincerely, Mrs. M. Oswald Commission Exhibit 199 579 V 1 ^u-.; .^ -^ -'- ^,i. .^ ,.-- • ='-'';^^ rA '-:^ 1- i:o,w > . IHT r- /;,. y^^^O 'c,'a.'_'-/ Coimission Exhibit Ko. ZD^ -0. .'!.-v. -^•;-5^r^ .^^ ^y j^-- -^— -^-^^ c^^^iL.^.^, i/^'c> C i;',/..v. iT^ t. - L-Ac _ ,.'"""" ---^^--^ ^^^ ^^€.-^ J::,-^^r i:^'-"':?^- -"^vi^i/ U't^d^'^ .^^-t^v' 'i^ w-<^ ^ /' -^^ —^-^- '-^^^^ '^' -^.y't. ^Vy'<- ,^ "''-' -^^-s-'- ^C ^ -<:> ^^^Ccc^v- ,/ ^ / - / "A-^^ ^yZ^ru>^i^y '^^ '/ iy* Z'^, / 7'in^- i/-^cC c-'U/^ ^'i^; ^y'-C-zd' -^^f,:-- - Ly^u Dear Mother Recived (sic) your letter and was very unhappy to hear of your troubles, I contacted the Red Cross on the base here, and told them about it. They will send someone out to the house to see you, when they do please tell them everything they want to know, as I am trying to secure an Early (hardship) discharge, in order to help you such a discharge is only rarely given, but If (sic) they know you are unable to support yourself than (sic) they will release me from the U.S.M.C. and I will be able to come home and help you. The Red Cross cannot give you funds of any kind they can Commission Exhibit 201 581 ^'-^^'-'^ ^- 'Jrc^^^: -^ - ' ^ ii J I ', i^'-^I-v.. <.„•; i,"''u:-L/y <^''^' o-'^:<-f -/'^~' --f^i^'U-i^^ ^'^Z J ' . ^ ^ -^-^ -/- -*/'-<-- ^^ (sic) only give you me and only If (sic) you make to/right impresstion (sic) on them only if they know you cannot and are not reciving (sic) help from any other kin, and only if they know you are in dire need now ! please tell them I will be able to secure (sic) a good job, as this is important, also send me the names of some actual business's/that I may write them and get an acceptance letter. This last point is not required but itwould help my case for a hardship discharge if and when I bring it before my commanding oflBce. Just inform them I »«» your have been your only source of income. Lee Commission Exhibit 201 — Continued 582 ,0 Ccrli. UM M-^; oh.'^L'^'f^Cf-l.x'lC^X'^ ,|^^^,H^,4^'C Vl-^v.- / FORT Worth, Texas. Ki/'-C/^ igjrji No.. 37-1 The First Natio>:ai. Bank or FORT WORTH 1113 V . ;'_ TOTHE 'J ORDER, OF. 7?z.. ^^ tY. rQ....:-^x KNOW VauR (N00R8ER - REgUIRC IDCNTiriCATlON TinCATlON ^ ' i 1^ -" ^T-rr-" r. • i I; - ; r f :,': 'z, ^ ; .•:•;.• ; ^ / (P /3 >2^ -^1^ =::» r"Coinmi88lon Exhibit Ho. "2^ ^-^ 1 "^^cii'XZs. xz::^ " ^rA(ly)llo/\o^K^ v; K i vr JiTED ST.-." .Z COKPS y... MARINE AIR RSSEKVi TKAINING COMMAND U. S. NAVAL AIR STATION GUSNVieW, ILLINOIS COMMISSION ^.v._lBIT no. 204 Commission Exhibit 204 —Continued 586 - I C3 NO. POSTMARK - i— ^ — ..X. Vx^ \\\x Nj;>^ XS>x N&i\ X\^ X\xx N^J^ N5<>v\ - X^ X\x\ "7 I ^ s - / «. N^ " x'^^^'^SJv^'^S^'^ '^" ^^^^ ^'s^ '^'S^ "^SJiv ^^Sb^ ^;^ ^ V!A A!R MAIL ^ KN:5^% Commission Exhibit 204 — Continued 588 UNITED STATES WARrNS CORPS t> HEADQUARTERS MARINE AIR RCSEFiVC TRAINING COMMAND U. S. NAVAL AIR STATION CLENVIEW. ILLINOIS In Reply Refer tc: Code: 50/Ji:T:erc 1900 17 June I960 :i-3. liircuerite C. OSVJALD 14.10 Km- ley ?t. .-.'orth L,, Teia.s Dear Mrs. CST'^ALD: The _i.iot;i- o.' C o ...z.r.doi- , ii:r.i.;.c ;iir :'.escrve xrainir.g, 50/j"JT:r;vr Over 1900 of 26 April i960, to your son was proaptcd by his re:fae:;t for Soviot citizensliip. An investigation conceri-un.fj this matter r^as been cond-acted hj mMitca-y cuthorities and the case will be placed before 2. board of ofricers which will reco::r;ond tliat your son be retained in, or separated from the ','. Z. rine Corps F.eserve. ! Yotir son, of coxirse, has the rijht to appear in person or to preser.i ar.y fac^ evidence vjhic^-. ••:--ld assist th- "----ri in rcr-' •'r- oi- - -"..- -' ' ciaion. -.^_ latter of 2- I960, ir.fc:_ uof th: : vieu of cl.c fact tiiat he 'i.^^ noc iiiforr:ied .dquartei-a o- hi.: cur- •.e;:t address and that he hjas left tho Unite .os vfithout permssion, - it is considered that a letter sent to the last address on file at this •ieadqxiarters is sufficient notification. A letter \d.ll be sent by certified r;:ail infor:.iing your son of the converiing date of the board. Should you be aware of any facte o, ._ ._on whic: .ist the board in evaliuiting your son's .•' ':;" "" 'Chin Ileadouarters. It io regretted tliat action of this nature r;.ust be taken in your :on's case. . /]^. 2 ^^^^^i>^ i>. G. . First Lieutenant .ir.G Corps - Ad-':J.nistr. -Ticer Aviation Class II. -csorve Section COMMISSION EXHIBIT NO, 204 lov- ^ ** >»^^wi7XfT^«5« ^^ .? -,' -'i^ y> ^•-^'y "><.'"^:;arine Cor;- ^ser'-/?>« 3» You have the right to appear Ir* parson, or to be represented by counsel, and to present ar^y evidence or statements you believe nay have a bearing on youi- case. If you do not desire to appear persorjilly, or be represented oy counsel, you nt.^ —Continued Commission Exhibit 206 595 In reply rafflr lb SC3 .261.1122 OisvAld, . March 30, i960 L«a 8arvojr/>.7iO 0»4r Kr*. Oswalds Tho reoolpt io Achiowlcd;^ cf jcur lottor of Harcli 7. 19to «onccrnio5 yciir eon, LO0 If-irvoy OcvvJ..!, vho Is undcrntcodt to l?o r»alsami»M»s^^ <»smi6Slon Exhibit No. 208 Commission Exhibit 208 597 t^iX'^^'t »*• '^ *- • SCS ComBlBslon £xblblt No. 209 Juno 2 2, I960 In r»ply refer to I>«»r Kra, Ocwaldi Rofsreae* 1* tswlo to your letter of Jia» fi, I960 and to previous corrdSponi2cno« concomlnc tout son^ Z.CO Ilerroj Ocwaldf in tb« Union of Sovlat ScolAlist rvepuUliea. A report has not a* yet i«cn oubcsltted V/ the A:eerlesn Ceh&so/ «i Moscow, vbich woijld Indicate that It bae b«en BaAuccc9ofaI in ecoruiicAtinc vlth your con. Tho y£.\Aoey h&» h«on rcolxided to notify th9 Cepcrtaont ds aooa «« further Infotiwtion 1* available* Vith re/^ard to yotir <;u«>8tlon» about your eai'a cltiztinoMp It will be noce«sai7 that Utoy be «n?worcd b^ another efrice in the Ceportoent, Tour querticna havo b«en referred to the Paasport Of fic« for appropriate reply. SineerelLy jtmrtt. '-^ V* Barwood Blocker Peputy Olreotor Offle« of Special Consular Services Mrs* Karcosrite Oswald^ 2£0$ Sifihth kynavm, fori Vorth^ Texaa* SCAtSCSiRACampbelltls SOV 6^5-^ CLEARANCE PPT -g->'.'.. -y:^'».;'-' --j::^ Ck)MMissiON Exhibit 209 598 . JUL 7 I960 In rfjly rcf 1959 baforo a tisoljpiatod fiS&oaroly, Chiof, fcroicfi OyiVcXijoTj rivisica F&ssport C^ica Met* IhrcQoritd Orjoldf Fort VortS) li# To3£S« • (P^K^ . .1 IKUE COPY OF THE SIGNED ORIO- Commission Exhibit 212 )-536 0-64 vol. XVI 40 601 ' SCS I j^^< '-'-^ss,., Schlb, t No. 213 la nplj z»fbr to set AIR «AIL March 22, 1961 SMr Hr»« Ocvaldt Ih« ilaerloxn Sabaesy at Fioecev hfa juet infomad th« Ii»2>srts8at th»t your cea i« meldlns «i tho follovijig atSdmesi Lo« fiaxvoy Cs«ald VUtsa KallAino« Koors it, Aportmnt 2h$ Kifisk. Toar eon hss infonaed Ihe Sr^cscj bjr Isttor that bo sji6/ for ea intorvlou* Too ulIl ba prosptl^ infoxaod £a f^urfi;8r rtpoarts are roceivod froa tha Anrleaa Sibasejr at Hoacov* Siaeoxaly yoora^ Oaorsa B* Ssealtoa Pxotaotim aad Bepresantatioa Divisioa en. XarffiaTita OiMald« Bqx30^> eCAi 8CSiI98tanriaIdi3Ji 3«l6«6l Claarmeaa SC7 • Kiss Jasus FPT • Jtsjoxxslsxxsa. QWMasterton Commission Exhibit 213 602 - Commission Exhibit No. ^ f /^ " "** X- a ^-^^ft:-y-^-^/, oJ-^- m^^^ t^i vl ^i:'V Commission Exhibit 214 603 'Commission Exhibit No. Zl^ April 7,1961 In xcgils^ rufor to &C6 D&ar KrtB* Oevaldt Bofer«noo la »a^ to your latter aZ Mardi 27» 1961 roparding your eon, Lee U^rvoy Oev&ldf In ths Union of Soviet Socialist B»pnblic84 TI10 DspartBsnt p«rtolvoB no raftfion why you wy not ccsTr«nic&ta vLth Tour eon* ni« finKnclf'l statue le not kiowi to the rplylns to tho suthoriticB In Klnsk for p^mloeicn to travel to ^'xccov. you will b*? pTOwjJtlr lnfo2!»ed a« J\irthor reports «» received tvm. the kubTi.K!f!Sk Sswttsey ot Hoecov* Sinoorely youi«. Ooorgo H. K&selton C3ilaf Pxoteotioa end Rcprosentatlon dvieioa Kr*« Marguerite Gevald> 1612 Hurley, Fort Worth, T«xas» SaiSCSiQPStfinfieldilB U-U-6I C0MJIT&8ION Exhibit 215 604 — Commission Exhibit No. Zf6> "" \p«>P' -j^ ov~eyt^. M^^^-r^. y-*"'^ e_P ^*r<. ^^-**~ jt.,.f-r^^A^J lajfiiiiiBWWiiiiiBaantBW&f Commission Exhibit 216 605 J) ^ji^ ^— .^e;^si <^^^ .^^....^^ -^^^^-^^'^ jA ^.--^ ---^ ^-^ cD^^-^^^e.^ ^ -^^^^^ COMMISSION EXHIBIT NO. 216 .'i.«ln-lJiA^>- Commission Exhibit 216—Continued 606 ^.^ ^^^'" — Commission Exhibit No. Z/'J In repljr r*i'er to SCS *aay2 5,i961 Dear Hre. Osvald* Befereno* Is oftde to yo\ar latter of Kay 21, 1961 rogarding your von, X«« Barv^ Oswald, in the Onion of Soviet Soeiallst Bepublios. There appear, to have been no recent devolopmente eince the D^artment'e letter of April 7» I96I. Hovever, you vill be in- formed nhen further inforaation io received froa the Aaericon Sabasey at Koeeow. Sincerely yovre* Dcnsen F. Stenfield AoUng Chief ProteotloD find Repreeentation Sivleion Krs. Karsuerite Oswald, 1612 Hurley, 7ori Worth* Texas* 8CAt8CS<£RBorroirdaleijh ^21^-61 Commission Exhibit 217 607 b — Commission Exhibit Ho. Z I June 2 1, 1961 In rroly refer to scs D«ar Mrs. Osvaldi Rafer«nc« is raade to the Dtpartnent* e l«tter oT May 25» 1961 reg&nJing your eon, Lee Harvey Ocwald. A report from the Aaerloan Erabosoy at Hoecow dated Kay 26, 1961 states that, as of that date, your son had not yet visited the IlibaBey ^lea hs had been rel>-6l Clearance! SOV - Hiss Jamea Commission Exhibit 218 608 Commission Exhibit No. Z 1^ [n rcpljr r«r«r to 3C3 August 16,1931 Tear Krs* ObvaIcIi Ilefer«xv:« Is i&sdtt to th* Dop&rtaent'a letter to you d«tecl June 21f l?6l regarding your son, Lee Hervey Oewald. t recent report from tho .AneriOGn £)abasoy fit Koecov etctea thet your eon visited the Tabasey on July 0, 1961 in connection vltb his desire to return to the United Stetes with his wife. Tour son s«id ti.at he tras In direct ootnuniootticn with you and vith Ms tarother. And the Department trusts thftt he is nov keeping you infomed of his velT&re and plans* Sinearely your&« Densaem F. Stenfield Act'nj: Chief Trotection and llej^esontatlon Division Mrs. Flarguerite Oswald, 1612 Hurley, 7ort Worth, Texas. SCAiSCSjERBorrowdaleiJh 8-11-61 Commission Exhibit 219 60& 1 .v^v.....-' . Commission Exhibit No. ZZi 1 h^ut^ sac U i: k 1 -6' j^>?^ •T-» v-ii I > »f-t« " ^"^^ ^vv7^ "?> * ^ ,>w»-/'>*'';t/'' >^ ill • y.,^ ^*.^«:7^;^ 0-^^ ^ p^'^^- ^>-^^ -^-^/^ i . i ^- * - "^ • ^ ^^ .*.^y ^-^^ '5»*^^ -^ *^ ' >< .= ^cD^-f.;;^^^^ -/'^ •"^^ "'^z 2/ i - i "^ 432T42 .**! *'•%. n* Commission Exhibit 220 610 ^:'5,;-^'- OUTeOlNG WIROM DEPARTMENT OF STATE/ •' vj v3t C^ )/ / - '^^ '^''' 'I *' et.v ^"^ ACTION: KTs. Jtoi-c-'orito OataOA, "" Commission Exhibit No. ^^/ ^jurs elcvocth« 2:3. I^jt Avetaao Couth, "wav York City, phoao CR W;200, Spociel Cons'Also: Ecroicsa r 1 SCAjSC3tJ22?ozTOBdalflt5r 1-12-62 * /llya C. IJ&oaldsoa REPRODUCTION FROM THIs' COPY IS "°"'""° "''"'' "uNciAssiriED" UaCUSSlFED ^ u. •. oovmNMENT pRiNTiNa opFicEi ieaf^-«o4aao Commission Exhibit 221 611 Commission Exhibit No. ZZ^ In reply reter to SCS 261.1122 Oowald, Le« Harv«yA«l662 y„^. Dear Vtn» Osv&ldi I refer to previoua correspondence end oonversationo between you and officers of th« Departraont concernins your eon, Leo Harvey Oswald, In the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, In a conanunlcation received from the American Embassy at Moscow, it is reported Mr. Oswald states he has received assurance from the Soviet authorities that he rany receive exit documentation, lour son states that he intends to delay his departure until his wife receives iJUBiigrant visa doeuaentatlon, la order that they may leave together. The Embassy believes it is desirable to have funds available for their transportation in order that thteotion and Representation Division Mrs. Marguerite Oswald, 1612 Hurley, Fort Worth, Texas. SCAiSCSiJYanCottiras 1/25/62 Commission Exhibit 222 612 reply ref«p to S February 1, I962 Dear Mra. Osweldi With referonco to your nlcht letter telGgrem received todf.y, the Anerican lynbaGsy at Moecow reported in its cor.iminicstion of January I6 your eon hnd iridicsted in his latest letter he may be ablo to defrey port of tho cost* Hie Embassy io being requested to report how rmch J*lr. Oswald can provide. la tho moontirue, it is hoped you will bo able to rcico the noney possibly by a loan from « bank or from relatives or friends. ITie International Itcscuo Comrdttce, the fiddroes af wtiich you requested on Janucry 12, has Informed tho Deprrtmrnt it wroto tiie Vornon Ked Cross on Jonuojry 22 outlining the Inforrnation it wovild need to consider your request for finnncial assistance. It further reported it would not consider helping iir. Osi^fald, only Me wife, under its refugee program, Even assistance to her fron this source is doubtful. Concerning your suggestion that you make your con's story public vith en appeal for help, although the Deparbnent is not in a position to advice you in this matter, it is not believed this would offer a solution to his problem. Sincerely yours, "Sirjijeci. G'.' a. Basbitou" George H, Kaselton CJiief Protection and Hcpresentation Division Mrs* Marguerite Oswald, 1)0x922,, Vcmcn, Ttaxs, 3Ci:SCS:?VanCott:ra3 2/^/62 Commission Exhibit 223 613 , /^ .^rv /OCX.. J.w-'»c-C>t^ ^^'C*-^ (Ly ..^(^-y^ yi^a. *?( y-c-*t»^ ^7«>6/; ,^^ ,/?2^'lX^^X ^.A-iiui^ .>'tX' Commission Exhibit 224 614 ^J^ .yCOj^f^ .x^>e .^^ -<<-^ •— ^A— ^-<^' ^ >t-^->^/«-*— Ck)MMissiON Exhibit 224 —Continued 615 / ^N^ \SJ^ NgS^ ^^ ^^ NS&. NSS^ '^ '^^i^ >^ >^ \;5\ NSS^ \^ N^ Arrtn Fivb Days RrruRN To ,-r-. •>». l^ ^^^ |^ N^ ^ „ , ,.-v VIA AIR MAIL ^ I Commission Exhibit 224 — Continued 616 ' H^. ii ii m il i) iiD B w iM wp iww Wil li ^_y ^ -^mf . i ii r1 ; . MAY291962 m^am^Lm^mmmk ^7^ iym JJ /^^'^Wj^NT OP J^jj ""Coinnilssion Exhibit No. jl^j ^t^A-tf^ Commission Exhibit 225 )-536 0-64 vol. XVI 41 ^1 1 . .^-i'^ (»>>/^*>< ^^^ ''V^ ^A.*^ £7ZCt<^ -82^ 0^ -^^-^ ^"^ / '^/^ ^ /^r< ^^j ')L>-cv ^^^^/^,^vJ^^^ A^w.^L '^^'7/ -^''^^ ^^'- ,'^"^/''^ A>'>^-- : J. . ^ i/Jift ii«w:,v , /ji«ai^!iswtan.i»a O ^^]r8» Margaerlte Osvald, AIR MAIL 316 E. DonneU, |_ Crowall, Texas. J With refcreooe to yotxr letter of M«y 2^ 1962, a telegraa was rocelTed last nl(^it from tho Anoxlc&n Fabassy at Moscow r«portii)g that yoor son. Lea Kflrvc7 Oswald, end his fsaily ar« loaviqg t^iora todigr for Hotterdaa vhere tbcy will board the S. S. "]laaBd8B*f •obsduled to arriT* at I^ev lork on Jons X3» 1962. Oeorge H. Haselton Chief PzoteotioD and ^cpreseatatioa Division SCAt SCSiFTanCottiras -il U, •. aOVKRHMKNT PfUNTIN. OFFICKi 1»B3 - aStaT. Commission Exhibit 226 619 ""CommlBsion Exhibit No. Zi^'J _ 56v' June. 7.1962 Dear Mrs* Oswaldi Kiss James has broui?ht to mjr attention the latter vhloh you sent to her on Vi«f 25, 1962 reporting; that your son, Loo^ had Infomed you that he had not yet boon ablo to complete arranneirtents for his d^arture from the Soviet Union to thtf" United States, Inquiry of the American finbsssy at Moscow concerning yo\ir son's plans broueht thereply on May 31 that your »n and hie family were leaving Moscow June 1 for Rotterdam and would leave Rotterdam Juno U on the S, S, KAA3DAM for Mew lork, arriving June 13» In all probability, by this time you have received this lnfonn«tlon from your eon* I am sorry you have been caused so much unhepplness aa the result of your son's actions. Tou doubtless realize that his unfortunate situation was tho result of his orl{X > . Signature .yol-^i 6^.<-') '/^ / a) tho whole Yo^r Course for the academic year 19 / \-''\ /<^ first s ,j. b) the secondv tera(s) of the Year Course 19 / . thirc ''. L. .'. r . . (Please cross out the v/ords which do not apply.) Pull Name (print) .'Yr. . . :_ Porrcar. - Address , . Presonx Address Date of Birth A'. .... Land of -i -"''t Height ".''. Weight '^ v\ Kareo of Parent or Tp"-1 Guardian . Address ....... . . ." . ' Educational 2ackgrouni; Preparatory School cr Hi'-;"i School , '. . . Dates .' . . . ' . 'age Grade ..-.... ' Collage I ,, Dates Type of. Curriculum (Science, Li'.:eral Arxs, Practical; Vocational) .r.veraj.'o Grade , . •••.'.-< . . . . > Special IntereB.ts (extra-curricularj religious, vocational, literary, sports, hobbies) . '. .- . . . ....''.. ^. :. ...'.'.,. v.-r-.^ Extent and Nature of Private Reading (favourite authors or books) Active Part taken in Organisation: \ ^^ 'ocational Interest (if decided upon) . < P . .....'w.-..,:. ... rofessional etc. Experience (if any) .' . ( Conimission Exhibit No. 228 :a. Commission Exhibit 228 —Continued 622 : ) ALBERT SCHWEITZER COLLEGE, CHURWALDEN, GRAUBUENDEN, SWITZ- ERLAND YEAR COURSE APPLICATION FORM. Please fill out two copies of this form and send one to Dr. Robt. H. Schacht, 1 Benevo- lent St., Providence 6, R.I., and one to the Albert Schweitzer College, Churwalden/Gr., Switzerland I wish to attend a) the whole Year Course for the academic year 19 / first ) b) the second) term(s) of the Year Course 19 /60. third "spring course begins April 12, 1960? ( Please cross out the words which do not apply. Full Name (print) Lee H. 0.swald Mr. Mrs. or Miss Permanent Address MCAF, MACS-9 Santa Anna, California Present Address "Same as above" Date of Birth 10/18/39 Land of Birth America Height 5'11" Weight 100 Name of Parent or Legal Guardian Mrs. M. Oswald Address 313 Templeton Dr., Ft. Worth, Texas Educational Background Preparatory School or High School Completed high school by correspondence Dates Jan 58" Average Grade (85, passing 65 on scale of 100=B+) Dates College none Type of Curriculum (Science, Liberal Arts, Practical, Vocational) Science, English, Woodworking, Civics, Mechineal (sic) Drawing, art, Math (in H.S.) Average Grade 85% Special Interests (extra-curricular, religious, vocational, literary, sports, hobbies) Philosophy, Psychology, Ideology Football, baseball, tennis. Stamp collecting Extent and Nature of Private Reading (favourite authors or books) Jack London, Darwin, Norman V. Peale, Sciencetific (sic) books. Philosophy ect. (sic) Active Part taken in Organisations Student body movement in school for con- : troll (sic) of Juvenile Delinquency. Member Y.M.C.A. and A.Y.A. associations Vocational Interest (if decided upon) To be a short story writer on contemporary American life Professional etc. Experience (if any) Commission Exhibit 228 —Continued 623 General Statement regarding reasons for wishing to attond the Albert Schv/sitzer College ','-u^/i General Statement regarding reasons for wishing to attend the Albert Schweitzer College In order to aquire (sic) a fuller understanding of that subject which interest (sic) me most, Philosophy. To meet with Europeans who can broaden my scope of understanding. To recive (sic) formal Education by Instructers (sic) of high standing and character. To broaden my knowlege (sic) of German and to live in a healty (sic) climate and Good Moral atmosphere. Plans to be pursued after the period at the Albert Schweitzer College (educational, vocational, professional) To attend the short summer course of the University of Turku, Turku, Finland. Then to return to America and pursue my chosen vocation. Familiarity with Foreign Languages (if any) Russian (equal in fulency (sic) to about one years education or schooling. I do speak a very little German. General condition of health Good Have you had a serious illness or nervous disturbance? No If so, explain here Does such a condition still exist? no Are you at present receiving medical or psychiatric care? no If so, explain here References (2) Name and Address Mr. A. Botelho MCAF, MACS-9, Santa Anna, Calif. Name and Address Mr. R. Galore MCAF MACS-9, Santa Anna, Calif. Signature /s/ Lee H. Oswald Date 3/4/59 Commission Exhibit 228 —Continued 625 — Commloeion Exhibit Vio, Z2^*f ALBERT SCHWEITZER COLLEGE CHURWALDEN (GR) SWITZERLAND . March 22nd, I96O Mr. Loo H. Oswald KCAP, MACS-9 Santa Barbart, Calif. U.S.A. Sear Mr. Oswald, Duo to a number of circunstances v/e found ourselves forced to make a alicht chcin~e in the arrival and departure dates of the third term. Tho first lecture v/ill be held on Tuesday afterr:oon, 16. CO o'clock, April 19th, instead of taking place on the 2l£:t, with arrival day on the 20th. It v/ill mean that the studcn'-s arrive either on the evening of Uonday, the l8th, or before r.oon on April 19th. This change, however, makoo it possible to end the tera on the weekend of July 2nd, instead of the 6th as original lyplanned. We hope that you -/all still be able to fit this change of dates into your travel pln> •. Should it not be possible for you to arrive on the earlier date t7o of course under- stand the difficulty. In the latter case, please drop us e line so that we knov/. Looking: forward to your coiainc, we are, Sincerely yours, ALCcnT c^« -^^ ^^-' ccLucee '?>. Prof. Hans Casparis L'V Pr:oident Commission Exhibit 229 626 //Z:_/' / 7 / ...1 :.. I M? ! y^i .:/ Please for-.'.'ard if necescarv "~> ^ ''^ h ;>^'^ ..-i-v^zT- /:-^./- Lir. Leo/E. Cs-.vald / / "Suntc Ari::a,- California / .•V / . -t;— V— ^- ALBERT SCHWEITZER COLLEGE. N CHUP'VALDEN (GR). ^- - p' - SWITZERLAND • ^ — • 7 T"-/ / V'/~"~7.. /"7 /^•7 Commission Exhibit 229 — (Continued 627 Commission Exhibit No. 230 '\ r:Y^-l.d Dear 70i[::r appi iliird terns of 1 £'-, CO b, rc.I. ooui.- . cr\i"2... ^fini: -itol, Socr.^ uw Commission Exhikit 230 628 : . : ., .... .^) ' 'r /.•.'.':= Commission Exhibit No, 231 V /..-./, ./ , ./v;-''/^ • I / /" ''•—:/. ) . • / ' '- r " 7 1 A ~- / ^ /);/% ;^- x': %• -. /.. . ,:^ / .7 :^ \ . if /.' ''- , •:) • - V /. y-.' // />2 ^^ X- 7'' -v. A A^ ^- .. ... ._ .^ yV^yJ^T^., 7J^y^ <•'-' ./ L)V Ft. Worth, Texas April 6, 1960 Prof. Hans Casparis Dear Sir I am writing you in regards to my son Lee H. Oswald. A few months ago he wrote me that he was accepted by your college and had sent a registration fee. He remarked he was quite happy and looked forward to going there. He left for Moscow, Russia in November and I have had only one lettter from him. My mail to him is being returned. I only hope he is on his way to Switzerland. Please let me know if you have had and (sic) further word from him. Sincerely, Mrs. Marguerite Oswald 1410 Hurley Ft. Worth Tex U.S. A. Commission Exhibit 231 629 /3//,y / VIAAIKA\AIL I \ I I %i C^^'^'%.'%v%."%."m.~^~^"; Commission Exhibit 231 —Continued 630 ALBERT SCHWEITZER COLLEGE CHURWALDEN (GR) April 26 i960 SWITZGELAND Commission Exhibit No. 232 r Urs. U. Oswald 1410 Hurley Pt. Worth, Teras TJSA Sear Urs. Osv/ald, Thank you for your lattor of April oth. It is with regret that we have to tell you that wa have not had any word from your son Lae sines his application for the 3rd term of a few nonths aso. T/e fully expected hin to 'be here for the hesinnins of the tri2;ester, April 19th, espocially since he had paid the deposit. We fully share your concern and hops that you will hear from him in the very r.ear future. If you do, we v;ould appreciate a short note froa you indicating the reasons why he did not coce to ASC, unless, of course, we hoar from him personally. Sincerely yours, ALBERT CCKV/amia COLLEGE Prof. Bans Caspaxis President U^x £Z7 Ly /—J l^.J L-:j^0%^ ^ii:'::r^- X 6^^"-^^*^"-' y- Urs. v.. Osv/ald 1410 Hurley Pt. V/orth, Texas D.S.A. ALBERT SCHWEITZER COLLEGE u CriURWALDEN (GR) SWIIZEtLANO N i i /~7 /~7 I y"~7 jzirj Commission Exhibit 232 631 — ConroiBBion Exhibit No. Z3S3 b / a. i-\- .:'^--.^'^. ^o-i\>.'-2 ;/_ . - '^•='-'- . &^e^^^ -f---- n ^^^ J 1 -— 1^ /J y ^ ^ ^., . . .^,c xC,_..^^ ^"'-t .-*'"/- .^^^ ->:<^ (?/..,>_. .*^ C^ V Commission Exhibit 233 632 ' / / |.j'.-^!,'B,l'BIW Jtc»H' jgw — Conanission Exhibit No. Z^4^ / ..^- .- / /^.:, y / y,^^<..'y^-^ •' <'v . -t /-_^ '-"k^ / -.., .^:>:^_.. ,-_ -i'Cc^- , /x:- 1^- - 7 • '/; *^ ' .^ c r ^.•: / r. '>0 /"/ •-> o>^ June 19, 1950 Dear Sirs Enclosed please find the registration fee of twenty-five dollars which I understaBd is to be placed toward my normal college fees and expenses. I am very glad to have been excepted (sic) for the third term of your college next year and am looking forward to a fine story. Any new infonnation on the school or even the students who will attend next year would be appreciated. Thank you Lee H. Oswald L. H. Oswald MCAF, MACS-9 Santa Anna, Calif. Commission Exhibit 234 36 0-64vol. XVI 42 633 July 10, 1959 Ilr. loe E. 0s7/ald I'.CAFf rj.cs-9 Santa Anna, California U.S A. Soar '.'.:. C^wald., you for yovsr lett-^ Tiiar.k Cune l$Va \rith. tlio enclcsed - dopoait of v25.00 for the t".7i_i term of the Year Ccurso i95S-^0 at Albert Schweitzer Collerro, Dnclosci please fir-d a list : t'.:i;,,., .' __-- our - students to brins along* I' helpful to you when you prepare for youir stay in ov/itzerland. She. !._ ^..^ ...ore questio:'.;- up dux-irg the course of the next r-torjths, please do ;.c. hesitate to write a2:ain. Loolcir.^ x'or'.vard to haviiij; jov. as one of O'cx- future stuauntOj v;e are, Sincerely yours. 1. Teibel, Secretary Enc. • ' ^flmJxi Commission Exhibit 235 634 April 26, i960. Hrs. II. OsT/ald 1410 E^^rley Pt. Worth, Texas USA 3)oar Ilrs. Osv/ild, Thank you for your letter of April 6th. It is vTith recret that '.ts ..^vo to tell you that t/o have not had any word froc your son Lao since hie a~?licaticn for the ^d. tora of a few nonthc a^o. V.'o fiilly expected hin to bo here for the hojinninj of th>2 tri'-outcr, April 19th, Bspocially sine© he had paid tho deposit, Y7e fully sharo your concs^-r. and hojc that you 7.'ill loar from hia in tho very near futurs. If yon do, vro rould appreciate a short noto fron ycu indicating tho reasons srhy he did not col;o to ASC, unless, of cour:;e, T;e hear from hin personally. Sincerely yours. Prof. Hajis Casparis President "" Commissioix Esdiibit No. 236 Commission Exhibit 236 635 .ALBERT S>-.^WEITZER COLLEGE , CHURWALDEN (GR) September 3rd, 196O SWIIZERLANO BBE t^^SSB^^r^ Commission Exhibit No. 236 Mrs. llarjuerite Oswald 1410 Hurley .•z.VorXhf Texas, USA Sear Mrs. Osv/ald, Thank you for your letter of June. As yet we have had no word v/hatever from your son Lee. The date of his application was March 4'th, 1S59| andhe applied for attendance of the third term at ASC, from April 20th till July 2nd. •V'e regret that v/e shall not be able to refund the deposit of S25«00. You will well understand that in a small College such as ours, where v/e can accept only a limited nuaber, the fact that a student does not appear at the beginning of the term means a distinct loss. The S25«00 at least cover our administrative expenses. We hope that by now you havu heard from your son, for we can certainly understand your concern about him. Sincerely yours, ALDERT 6CKVVEITZER -Prof. Hans Casparis President Commission Exhibit 236 —Continued 636 ' ^ "7 / rj x^ ''-'- j2--^' : ^ -Y''^-^ ''~' •'/•' y yf^ J.^ Ql^^jiJ^ / V/ ^' LrrU^J,,/A- y-Y c'j rty/.,^ ZX;; ^^ -,-,„^ 1 1-/ c-^.y<^' //ui7^.-^.6..y(Ml '><— I^K-^ Commission Exhibit 236 —Continued 637 Commission Exhibit 237 638 f^^TTTrrrrrT. nrrr: [4 U. S. MARINE CORPS ^^-r™^ .:. RIFLE rrrr^ffPS I SCOHE BOOK wm'' E2!2> S. RIFLE, CALIBER .30, Ml ^'ior U..-: ;,-j: . J; and U. S. CARBINE, CALIBER .30, MlAt Rifle No. ' r _ Orgonitafio'n r°.< I K&VMOMnkFOto.t-IO) — " fe -i .« :^ a ^ *'5 W Q> .9 1.^ B 3 -o o ^ \ .S ** «. -fi •- -< a> *i ^ -S 2 IS Bo ^ " O) o ^ S3 ^ ? .2 ' .'-4 >.4 Wl .-, •s g S o i:.9 ^ ^ -• O 0) o ^^ B :O „ 3 Wi ^1 o Z > G o o X 2i "^ a u z .2 « bo u et •3 o ^ "«; o 2D Cbo S 3 - I ? — s ^ 8 bo " e »^ o -S g .^ "H o C ••= ^ 2 CO .52 (1, X "2 *" B "«« bo .5 M g'-3 g <4 O ^ « J5. V a O J3 I O t« b "O -O tos s 2 .5 to u 3 "3 •a 8 o bo O •ac 3 5 ca B .c a> •3 ^^ .-S ^ a 0] o V. -^ rS CO ''a »7^,< ui i^i)" i-»- > *; ; X o UJ z o a: X u. o ^^1 - .n :.'.t.aT-'-..«.-.t^ >..-.! .".J •^f^JB] . ;ii.^ Commission Exhibit 239 —Continued 641 Commission Exhibit 239 —Continued 642 I 1 a n i-> 00 •S . > I ^ oa a '^ .a o ^ 00 " o S3 •a b «« ^ — ^ "=• M «« - ^ ^ ^ X ^ D U l-l tl " § « I s 8 a -3 •S 5 -3 g 'S 3V« +» ^ > eg •a g O o a ^ *" « /^ 5* a 2 & •5 >.5 2 •ai 3 &ta 9 a «^ _ CO ^^^ •a 3 O B -wH •a W ^ P bo C (-1 I* E2°^« MOW. 2^ " S -i -3 =i^'-« -s 91 ^ ^ "O 13 W « >-> In il 5 2 WE3I 0>° IH "d "•' • ' II II _x Commission Exhibit 239—Continued 643 J ^•, P— --..-, i j M J Zld' . f 3 r o z o .. 8 •? 1 r 1 u I 'f AC < 1 S 01 * 3r H I-' i Li^ Commission Exhibit 239 —Continued 644 Urn U J- ^1 5^ ; M 1 ii Commission Exhibit 239 —Continued 645 rTT-T I I it. w i i:. J I 5 f 8 I i ^^iMM Commission Exhibit 239—Continued 647 O CM « >0 • IMlTrnTlMMMl ] Urn W ot < L 1 r 5 ? I' |i a <3 i i. Commission Exhibit 239 —Continued 648 —Continued Commission Exhibit 239 649 740-536 0-64 vol. XVI 43 —Continued Commission Exhibit 239 650 Commission Exhibit 239 — Continued 651 Commission Exhibit 239 —Continued 652 Commission Exhibit 239 — Continued 653 Commission Exhibit 239 —Continued 654 Commission Exhibit 239 —Continued 655 y o®o©ooo©oo Commission Exhibit 239 —Continued 656 - '-^ 1 ? I H 7 Tl OOOOOGGOOiO Commission Exhibit 239 —Continued 657 —Continued Commission Exhibit 239 658 Commission Exhibit 239 — Continued 659 J'^>-* — Continued Commission Exhibit 239 660 Commission Exhibit 23J> —Continued 661 —Continued Commission Exhibit 239 662 — Continued Commission Exhibit 239 663 Commission Exhibit 239— Continued 664 — Continued Commission Exhibit 239 336 0-64 vol. XVI- -44 665 — Continued Commission Exhibit 239 666 ^^^ * ^ '***'' ^'' -"-'- I f' ^^ 1 • - I b ' II Commission Exhibit 239 —Continued 667 .i.(J O « « m 5 "O ** "S ^ a o ^ SO '^ Ml S * a* S -o ** ^ 3 o " -^ 9 fc ^ v. pP 3C ^ - cd a) "P ^ fl> UJ 3 a* jQ * g |E SI o O tu 2 .2* "> CO o o S -? ^ c 3 S Of .S 3 CM to S »- « o Q IS '5 2J S {3.2 H ."2 .5 « o ^2 3 bo 2^ -2 n 25 3 % Commission Exhibit 239 — Continued 668 —Continued Commission Exhibit 239 669 Commission Exhibit 239 —Continued 670 Commission Exhibit 239—Continued 671 Commission Exhibit 239— Continued 672 ^<«c>< ... ...-»-^ . E3 1 vj K UJ 5 AmX ^ —Continued Commission Exhibit 239 674 Commission Exhibit 239— Continued 675 —Continued Commission Exhibit 239 676 Commission Exhibit 239 —Continued 677 —Continued Commission Exhibit 239i 678 . • V?- ^ < . > My rifle and myself know that what counts in thia war is no». I the rounds we fire, the noise of our burst, nor the smoke we make, .i ^y: ,: >V: We know that it is the hits that count. We will hit, ... ' ' • fivi "'. ' . • My rifle is human, even as I, because it b my life. Thus, I will learn it as a brother. I will learn its weaknesses, its strengtli. Its parts, its accessories, iU sighti, and its barrel. I will ever guard it against the ravages of weaOicr and damage. I will keep my rifle clean and ready, even as I ajn clean and ready. We will become part of each other. We will. ... -• ,''••!! ':'.'. Before God I 'swear this creed. My rifle and myself are the :':(.'( defenders of my country. We are the masters of our enenoy. We ; .1 : .er.' are the saViors of my life. . ' .• •,•;':?;"•' . bntil victory is America's and there is no enemy, bu' {lo be *..•:,. St, : )....; ..' .;.' ; / _: ''^^=: 3 Commission Exhibit 239i —Continued 679 *^-— [;' mmkmkmd jlfki>^ i/^; ^^^:^:^-:Z^-JT^.3pf;x-^.. j >>'^^ "'"' ^m^^^-^ (^^^ez^^^t ^^/^" H3A«HHe MnMxc3cpcT»a csasK CCCi'. A (^''../.i.i.Jl/ll 1962. MR* PoaiiaKa. Sou. ISOil . liciio xyaoHtocTscmip .'no v^ Commission Exhibit 240 680 — ConmlBsion Exhibit No. THE FOREtGN SERVICE OF THE -j — C. f / I UNITED STATES OF AMERICA \ jT*'-'^ / • ' (f ' Aaerican Embassy, Hoscow, USSR, December lU, 196l« Mr. Lee Harvey Oswald, Ulltsa K&llnlna, House h, Apartment 2Uf Minsk, TSSSR, Dear Mr. Oswald: I refer to your letter of December 1, 1961, in vhich you raise a question regarding your application for an exit visa and your Soviet docunentationo It is the Embassy's view that, since you are not con- sidered a Soviet citizen by the authorities in this country, you are entitled to receive a Soviet exit visa upon presen- tation of a valid foreign n&tional passport* Regarding the latter, as ve have indicated to you before, we can take up the matter of renewing your expired American passport upon your next personal appearance at the Embassy, It further appears to us that your right to an exit visa will not be affected by your acceptance of an extension of your present Soviet documentation, which is after all, priina facie evidence that you are not regarded here as a Soviet citizen* If you intend to press your own individual application for a Soviet exit visa and are prepared to depart as soon as you receive it, I suggest that you come to this Embassy at your earliest opportunity to see about renewal of your expired Aaerican passport* Sincerely yours ^ Joseph B. Norbuxy Aaerican Consul Cvj w Commission Exhibit 241 740-536 0-64 vol. XVI 45 ^^ CoBBd. salon Exhibit Ko. Z-^-z-; J THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON January 23, 1964 Dear Mrs. Oswald: In response to your telegram to the President I xvrish to inform you that any request or information dealing with the inquiry conducted by Chief Justice Warren should properly be directed to the Commission. I note in your telegram that you have directed your request to the Chief Justice and to Mr. Rankin, the Coitunission's General Counsel. Sincerely, Lee C. White Assistant Special Counsel to the President Mrs. Marguerite C. Oswald 2Z20^ Thomas Place Fort Worth, Texas Commission Exhibit 242 682 rNT JAN 22 355P 54 NL PB 3EX PRESIDENT LYNT50N B JOHNSON ; ; PE7-7677 >''y •.• WASHUC l' HAVE SENT NICHTLFTTERS TO CHIEF JUSTICE EARL WARREN lAND J LEE' RANKIN IMPLORING BOTH IN THE NAME OF JUST CF ANn OUR AMERICAN WAY OF LIFE TO LET MY I MRS MARGUERITE C SON LFE HARVEY OSWALD BE XCTt REPRESENTED BY COUNCIL OSWALT) SO THAT ALL WITNESSES INCLUDING MY SON'S WITJOW WILL 2220 THOMAS PLACE •BE CROSS Ev AMI HEH. RESPECTFULLY YOURS CPY FURNISHED Commission Exhibit 243 683 Commission Exhibit No, 244 -n. ^ .^^^ An/. 3 /Tsy (-."TON'i'JLAR S'iCTiON 4 ^ ,,../!.. _ (y ^^^yut^d^ ^urf /2M4crn ^ ^'•''^^...^<5''^4«*4^ HOV. Oa. -339 MOSCOW 1 ^ Commission Exhibit 244 684 '**»*^''*'—***'—**-*~*-*^ ^-.. , ,. -.. - - III I Commission Exhibit No. 245 —.^iX^ --'^ a.ifSi'>X^ Commission Exhibit 245 685 _UaZ(^.. Jvc^- J^ A. ^cytt..>c>i/y^£yf ^ _^_ cP ^ J^'t^^.K^ prZo^^^^_ dv*7 /iOU^-^ffKy — ^ ^ii^^x^jKi^ J2u£i- Commission E:siiibit 245 —Continued 686 ] i t-f-^'--' fill >« 11 .^w»»> '»y - ^. - .j- 'u .. '- iii i ii -. y - :^ . . . ^ Commission Exhibit No. 245 AfCL//c/C . m^^ f» w i V^ ^ ^ -«*' '< K ^%yCL>C wA««^i^ .X>Cft\^ w*««^iC ^ZcfTK^ 0bx» *u# rf^txwn^v.^ft»^. rfA^Z>cwv<^d^ii<&«^. V%5Cy*.-,---. -- , ,-' mJ\ "'— Commissi on Exhibit No. 246 ..—" Commission Exhibit 246 — Continued 689 "r.'^ —.»;.• '««" ^^7V( y ^y^yt.O'uA'^t^^>\= [3ftKR3H0 E nOflB-MO m^ Commission Exhibit No. Z46 : \ •* - \ g^,^i*iit»i*i'«iff»^ y V ' ssBoaEBSsg Commission Exhibit No, 246 / ^ Commission Exhibit 246 —Continued 690 --I ?-,. /^J^-Cn ^A^c* . A^e^ -^ .56^ ^- 5 . ^-^UwvLr #^ «c^trt4,^/ J-f-L^^^^c^ ^'t-o^ftfe^ ^ '•- I o^ .^ c^o^^^ c^^ — — " Commission. Exhibit No, 24V ' Commission Exhibit 247 -'•j^ ^. j ^ 691 ^ -/o^m. ,yxe^6u^^s. re>:%. *^«>^^cc/^ --AajO's.a^ c^'-'i.AjS:^.- —f^^ /IT 00 "^. «^ o U Commission Exhibit 248 693 tA^^ jPa aC^^yJt )2^^. .^. .. " ."1 ',. ' ™ W^r*—'I'TW^P—IWW^ 1 1 1 III! — Commission Exhibit No. 248 Commission Exiiihit 248 —Continued 694 A^r./c ^.- ^^. ^ ^^7/^e ^ary rs^^,, -^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^ ' /O. $00.00 C 7.00, oi> <:./9/v/ e^ /'^/j ^y /y^yszi/r^ /2,. PS/3 />/fi^/tf^poAT ST. >?r ufMTA zex^j .\ — Commission Exhibit No. 248 — ' Commission Exhibit 248 — Continued 695 AFFIRM/. TION I BolornDljr declare that I a-a a loyal Unltod States national, that I h£vo not lost 137 cltlzcnchlp and that all tho etatcnonta In thl3 ftppllcrtion arc ti'uo, I hereby apply for a loan of the l.'nltcd iZU-^^a Covomacnt fur.da for repatriation for r^self tnd ry dopfiidcnts heroin nwccd. Z pro!5lso to repay ell run<'.3 that r.ay be advanced to nc, and to keep the Tcpartncnt of State, V'aohincton, D, C«, Infcrrsed of CQT address after r^ arrival in the United States until •uch tine aa the loan is rcpiid in full. (:>ic;]aturo of Applicant) (Local Addrcsa) '>^. -^K ^^^\. Concinaission Exhibit No. 248 — Commission Exiiihit 248 —Continued 696 A-, n^ >:>U..t>i < ^ *^r\^ -^^U^&x^^z^t^/t^^ y7^J.€r^^ ..^^ZS^ ^^> - <5t.^^<3rt,#r ^4i>7 ^St^ .^-^i) ^-^^^-^--e^ f ,^i^>^ ri%^^^_ >?eM<^ X^^, "^ — ^'^"'—' -•' " ^^-IT'- rr i-' 'ir I i m ii W""""*!"**! -^ Commission Exhibit No. 249 •MM«*«.BftM>MtaitaU*' •» '**^ iiiWitii '^y -Vf)|^* Commission Exhibit 240 — Continued 698 ABHA O /r>.da -<^l ^^^CV J^>^^ /^<^/>/'<^f^ h e ^ H" >?b?-^n^^^^^ - K o \ O Adpec omnpasumctft .i><^r.y^^^^<<^^.. ^ "isi^ jEJi^ ''"i&fflK" i ^ ^ ^ Commission Exhibit No. 249 — Commission Exhibit 249 —Continued 699 ' ^-^rfuyi^c^^ SnJ^»^>^^ .- ^ • t, jj-l^ ii e:i::as;y or ike unit ) stai;'^ • . "^ '^^ APR. 30. 1952 • ' as^i^^ MO S C©W njKje-a^ -^-4-" — Commission Exhibit No, 250 ~ ^^//J^ /)%/Sr 4^ Commission Exhibit 250 700 ^O rv h r ' IN i'l v^ -' M nPO P" L- .w^ ii* itv^Wr.vj '"• Cotnmission Exhibit No, 250 — .. i v^ i r riit'n rrli r Cominission Exhibit No, 250 / r Commission Exhibit 250 —Continued 701 tm I , III » 11 I 1 1 n j_ , ^ EMBASSY OF TH£. UKlI£0.ST/7«a^}»^ (A O ^ to Commission Exhibit 251 702 i*9Vn>^p«Mt«in«MMn*v.'!mMWjv>j<)im.i«i«<»>i< lujiffiiMiiuNviMiv^ -'z^Z^f^j^ ^X^^^X/^ ^^ZtC^^^^ u/xx^^^^^l^ "" - -- II - --^. . "..... . I ","'" - ' ii-iii»iia^ wmmtmmgk Commission Exhibit No. 251 — Commission Exhibit 251 —Continued 703 T" III III M WI II K^>jn,mr ti >uj:vat: :*.riJtmi-jfK »'.tVt:.'X3l igS !!!ll. ">. '«;>w;j>N.,o.->j*-'^+»ailli«S«S'a!SC«*WBB«a^^ Commission Exhibit No, 251 /i v_ "**—^1^*--!*--^"*-^"— n-iTii — iT "x/r ' •if ""^t '•^^^^^atm^F^ S V . /Jill *l^'''>^ / / Commission Exhibit No. 251 Commission Exhibit 251 — Continued 704 yi^^^ i CD CO o 3 W 2 o N to ! I f w.^^J<5» C4rv<'*^-<''^^<-<^-f^ <\^ p>t^ OiA-ot^j^ ^eZ^*^ Commission Exhibit 252 705 ^1 * ' ' I «»»»y~— -' • ———»^pp»i— ' - - —- , i»i»iiiii Conwiission Exhibit No, 252 ^-omP J^ aio Tvff^ c^u^ve ^^^ ,-t:S; ^x^^^gi^t- ^ A>^^<5&x- ^orfxi^-iSd^;*^ -^>t*e^ ^^9f^C^>>^ UX^^ '?''y^ ^-'w^^^.^^*^ -*^ ..C6? U^^^i^ ^4^^^^ . - Commission Exhibit 252 — Continued 706 ^^^d%£. «'>*' S"^ Av/'. ^^ J,J*e^^ ^ C€r,^S:^ >*4A j>//^^/ , /)jixUytSuZuu^/iff c;f^^^s^ yf--s*yr.;-.Ti*l«»<*i<4%«B(3»*>t.-; -;.. r'f'^J^'' Commission Exhibit No. 253/ '.-^ ^ ' t1!15ii '-r / S-A ; y* /:: I / fiC., -i5.t--j:.^-->. > ^' n • • \ \ iw»i* I I iil jft Pli I L y i BP M ' ' Commnis sion Exhibit No. Z53 *« Commission Exhibit 2r)3 — Continued 712 yTtO^L'C^i'Uj in M o ^; A \ w o n o u .^ •Zv _^ ; u..JlLfl7 ^ Commission Exhibit 254 713 740-536 0-64 vol. XVI 47 I 2 J j^ .^^ / / Px^^^t^J^-^^^^^ JJ e-t^ .O-^ t*-^t;^ «ikA.4*,>< -'^*^**- te-f^ 0^ «vn yXuAl •^<«A. iA/ilr j^Mtit. r —; Commission Exhibit 255 714 '^**^^*'^ t "" 'ii W' '"'J«HMUyi U l. »»H .M W !Ji mn"'T>Wi| i» • mm ¥- .^"C^^s^ ^^^idVil-<^-Crfrrw^^a^^^^^^<^ •-c2SL.p:«X^_ C>i<^/9/i^^USj^. — — II I i i I I ^^[^y—«ww<»^n>—iiwwwym^i Commission Exhibit No. 255 *" Commission Exhiuit 255 — Continued 715 r fzzz:. li>M aJyi ^^HiiaMtiah«^M*ii*fc*dBi.*.iiH>^MlAi :zik Commission Exhibit No. 255 r ^• 'i X y / Commission Exhibit No. 255 / / \ ..<3> Commission Exhibit 255 — Continued 716 , Artj i j lit i » »< 1 Hi l l jmuji^jiiiiiii !, ^ .Ur0-(..jCJL J^<^ ^. *^ ^e^^TX**-c,aZ^w^2r^__ Pn — — - - - - "n ,1 Cotnimssion Exhibit No, 257 V < .i i i i Jimiiw Commission Exhibit 257 719 ;" ConsleBion Exhibit Ho. ^SS On Janciory 22, sent night letters to Chief Justice Eori Worren end J. Lee Ronkin, both I members of the President's Commission on the ossossinotion of President Kennedy. Imploring eoch to oilow my ion, Lee Horvey Oswald, to hove representotion by counsel so thot oil witnesses, including my son's wife, Morina, be cross-exomined. I also sent o telegrom to President Lyndon B. Johnson informing him of my action. Of the three men, Mr. J. Lee Ronkin answered. I will now reod the letter: "Deor Mrs. Oswald: I would like to ocknowledge receipt of your telegram of Jonuory 22, 1964 requesting that your ottorney be permitted to cross-exomine any witnesses whose testimony is token by this Commission, ond in this instonce, the testimony of Mrs. Marino Oswold. Mrs. Oswald will be entitled to hove present on attorney of her own choosing. For your information I enclose a copy of my letter of Jonuory 23, 1964 to your attorney, Mr. Mork Lane, who mode a similar request in your beholf. Sincerely, J. Lee Rankin, General Counsel." I moke a direct appeal through o public stotement to President Lyndon B. Johnson. wish to I hope my statement will be accepted in the spirit in which offer it namely, in the I — name of justice and our American way of life — "A man is- innocent until proven guilty". Dear Mr. President: I con now oddress you os such becouse of the tragic death of your dear friend and late President, John F. Kennedy, who was shot down by on assassin's bullet on November 22, 1963, in the city of Dallas. con understond your grief ond I also sympothize with I you. However, On November 24, 1963, in Dallas because of a different type of trogedy. I find myself the mother of the accused ossossin, Lee Horvey Oswald, who was tried and convicted within a few hours without trial or benefit of counsel. We ore both human beings. We breathe the some free oir, the right to think, orid to question whot we would consider on Iniustice ogoinst another human being. I sincerely hope you will be so kind as to consider my request, thereby helping me to continue to hove faith in our American way of life. Respectfully, Marguerite C. Oswald Mother of Lee Horvey Oswold PRESS CONFERENCE January 29, 1964 Dallas, Texas Commission Exhibit 258 720 I t CO-2-34,030 T.E A3SASSI.\'ATI0:i OF rrinSIDHNT KEXT^HDV DALLVS, T^X^S . / / J Leo Ilarvcy Tape rccoiMjn^ of intcrviev/ vith ^'rs. ?'r'.r7.norite p-^v.vilcl, r.othcr of/U'^ivvcy tieeTipwn'li!. 'Recorded en Nove;nl-yCr "21) » TiToS. rntcrvic.'cr is Special Aren't J. M. Ilo'.'.ird, U. S. Secret Service, Dr.llas, Texas. This rcccrdin^'3 is^bein^ ri.ndc at Six Fln£;S Inn Notel, Arlington, Texas. Tiiis is a continuation of tlic sar.c tape upon whicl: interview of licbert Lee Oswald was recorded. Tlus is an intervics' witJi ^!rs. flar^uerite Os^vald, mother of Harvey Lee Oswald, accused assassinator of President Kennedy. Q. V/liat is your nane, please Ma*r-n? « A, Mrs. Marguerite Oswald. Q. And where do vcu live at this tiiTXi,Mrs. Os^vald? A. 2220 T};om as Place^in Fort V.'orth, Texas. Q. Are you tlic nother of Lee Osu-ald? A. I aTi tlie mother of Lee Os\.'ald. Q, Mrs, Osivald, can ycu start at the beginning and "ivc us the background of Lee and his characteristics and how he v.as raised, etc.? A. Yes. Q, iVould you mind doing it? • A. Not at all. Lee had tv;o bv.j'.>.crs. Ther>. is five years difference bctv/een Hobcrt and Lee, so at a certain rjc there isn't nuch crr^-.nion- ship v/licre one boy would be i7years old rcA t;:e other boy, .let's* say, v/axld be 12, which the 17 year old vould be v-orliing and iiaving friends and the other \.-ouid be so Lee, I wo-uld sr.v, -.'cs r.ostly alcr.^ and naturally, beinr'. a v.ido'-.' and liaving to support the t! roe diildrcn. I worked. I often lie Id tv:o jobs in onlcr to su^r^.-^rt ry children. ' had responsil-le positions as a rnanag^^r r/.d scriotircs assistar.t nanagcr, v.^udi re ;ires a lot of mental '.-.•or':, but voiy Ic.; pay. T.ie way' raised t-.j diildrcn, my Ivasband left our jic;r.c '..'hid: v;as a r.odcrate hone, not paid for, of course, and he had a $3,000 insurance poliq', but that is not t'le full mount I received because we r.ad to borro'.v on the policy as the d^ildrcn v/erc being bom, so that the entire incorc I had, being left witi; one unborn, one five and one seven. Tl^.e seven years old is froro a former carriage. Commission Exhibit 270 721 Q. V.liat is his nar.c? / A. Ja'm r.dv/ard Pick. Q. AnJ v.'herc is he at tliis tir.c? A. lieis in the service, mnTcinc a career of tlie service, and he entered the service at age 17 and lie v;ill be 52 years old in January. Q, IVhat brands of the service, Mrs. Osivald? A. lie is in the Air Force. Q. Do you know where he is stationed? A. i\o, I don't. * Q. Hon old \\'as Lee v;Iien he moved to Fort V.'orth? A. Lee .v;as five years old, Khen I r.ovcd to Fort V.'orth, Q. And v:as he raised in Fort './ortl;? A. He was raised like the other boys in Fort '."'orth. Q, And went to sdiool there? A. iv'cnt to sdiOol in Fort V/ort!i. Q. Can you tell us what sdicols that r.c attended; v;hich ones? A. He attended tlic Lily 3. Clayton Sd\ool on the southsidc of tov.Ti as a ycun<]stcr; then — no, first he attended a scliool in Bcnbrookc, Texas, whidi is just a mile or two frcr. tJ'.e Fort U'orth city lir.its. And then he attended tiie school at Lily 3. Clayton. I ca.T.e to Fort V.'orth. I had remarried an electrical engineer with Texas Electric Service, and he was transferred to Fort V.'orth. Q, Vi'hat is his nare? / A, liis naTTo was F..f^.'ir FcT:c7nIil.' I.'c is now deceased. V.'e lived, Lee and I, After riy husband died I su;r->orted the three diildren. I didn't start fron the bccinninn oF tlie story before. J'y husband died in 1939 and that i:?as the war years, v.'h.cn the duldren \;ere little. It was impossible to jet help to take o^.re of the duldren whilo I worked; hoi/cver, I r-ina^ed for approxinatoly two years because I v.-anted my diildren A/ith me, but it was alv/ays a change of help because in New Orleans we had Commission Exhibit 270 —Continued 722 Xcr-.To l;clp nr.c] t':c rCc^rocs v.'cre coin^ into the f.nctories bccnusc of v.'or and so you cculd hardly net help. J^Sid v.-hcr. I worked ar.d co;i and mind uy children. Q. 'frs.Oswald, if yon can, r.ov; let's <30 bach to living in Port V.'crth and the tine that Lee v/as in hi^^h so'iool. Micre did hc'^o to hir>i school? A. Lee went to Arlington Hciplits ili^h Sdiool. Q. And did lie graduate there? A. No, he did not graduate. Q. lloxv far did he go in school? A. I believe it was t!ie lith year. 0. I see. He \\'cnt to th.e 11th ^[rade? A. I thin!;. I can't rcrcn^bcr v;}icthcr it was llt!i or 12th. Q. .\nd what Iiappcned then? A. Lee, a year before zo^-'^-Z *o school, lived to join the "farincs. He studied Robert's Danunl that Robert bad brcuclit hcn;e frcn the '-Marines, and l:e v;as v.-aitin^ until b.e bccTr.c of a^e to"join the >'arincs, Q. UoM old v/as he v.-I-.en he joined? A. He was exactly 17 years old. ::is birthday was October 18 and he joined the J brines on October 13, 1956. Q, 1S56. OK^ and ••••hen he v.-as in the ^!arincs did b.e r^kc ther. a £ocd soldier? A, delighted w!:cr. he v/as irr.cdiatcly sent to Japan when he v/as just I!c v.*as about IS years old, and frcn California he cillcd re telling ne that he was beiuf. shipped out to Japan and tiaat he v/ould v.Tite re as soon as he got there. Lee alv:ays wrote letters. Q. You did hear froni hin fron Japan? \, Yes, and all t-hroush his stay in service Lee alv.ays wrote. J, I see. V.l-icn did you hear frcri hiir. the last tir.c before he decided to go to Russia. Commission Exhibit 270 —Continued 723 4 - A. To ar.sv'cr that question I will hr.vc to jjo i"to a stor>' thnt will be necessary to the rest of ri/ infoiT.ation. Q. Yes, v.-ell no ri^ht aliead. A. V.'oulii yea repeat th.c question, please. Q. l.aat Iwas interested in was when . • you Iicard fro:n Lcc the last tijr.c before he went to Russia. A. I had an accident at i;ork and aften-.-ards t-icre v;as a ccmpensation h.ad case, V.\e doctors were X-raying sinus and t!)crc \.'ere r.any doctors because r.y face was swelling av.C spastic en one side and th.cy couldn't fiiKl the trouble, t'icy v;ould send vo to anotlier doctor. Decnuse tlie X-rays v.-ere negative, r.y r.-.cdical and cc.-ncnsation was discontinued, Icav'inr me ill and v;ithcut any inccr.e. I h.ad ncdcrate furniture for an ordinaiy poor person, wliich I sold because of necessity to live. I also l^.ad' a tclcph.onc installed, v.-hcn in bct'.;cen try face spasr.s I could telcpliono solicit and pick up a few dollars. I had rented a rccra and a bath at tliis tine. Q. l'/l;en was t!iis? A. T.)is uas in 195 S. Q. vrnere was Robert at this tine? A. Robert i.'as in Port V.'orth with, a ycun^ b.';-,y. )W oth.er son was in Japan with tv;o diildren, so naturally, Lee, not h.avin^ any obli^atiorjs, v.'culd be the one to tuiTi to. y.y sons h.avc just nodcrate positions. Robert at t:iat tir^ v;as delivering r.ilk on a niilk route and he was struts lin^ to take care of his o-.m fa-nily. Q. Now, let ne get t!us straiglit. Rc!)ert r.ad at this time a youn^ baby, is that risht? Lee was not r.arricd at all? A. That is correct. Q. Tr.ank you. Tlie other boy had two d^.ildren and was in Japan in tlic service? A. Tliat did not v/ant to worry r.y son, and before v.-orryin^ hin was John. I I had children did not have the inforr'.ation that I have. NJ)' Pardon mc, you will have to excuse ne. Brief nc on what was being asked. Q, were asking you about your son going to Russia, You had told us that V.'e he v/as the only one tl;at wasn't married and had no responsibiities. Commission Exhibit 270 —Continued 724 o o - 5 - A. Tluit's richt So I licsitatcci v.-orryina t!>c boy. bccnusc he v.-ar, in the vas ectunn r^orc ill and nror;rossive J ^n^f uas c;iiv)lcd with prc^rcssivo ra-thritis r.udl ^^^.J:^; arthritis had set in. which is due to ar accident and It ccucs uncn you rcr.2 fast. As I explained, since I had sold Dy fui-niturc and cvcr^/tluns and h.ad no medical and no crnpensation. '""'^ ''-^^^ °' Lee and let hir, LrTTL''t"°'•'^^V^^^V>'''^'° Lee a letter telling hin of r.y situation. to/. I wrote Q. UTicre was he w];cn you v.Totc th.c letter? A. Ke was in Car.p Pendleton, California. Iir.Ticdiatcly I received a Sioccial Delivery letter froa Lee telling r.o that he had showed ny letter to his cor.^;indan. and tliat I would be visited I^y tlie P.cd Cress and not to and cnat I am definitely unable to wor!: and ta::c care of i^yself. Prior to tnac, I Iiad received a letter frcn Lee savin- that he was ^^o-'r" to re-enlist in theMarincs. The P.cd Cross cr.-b out, took affidavit^, invcstisateo, wnich we kno-..-, of ca:rsc, it has to co thramh diannels with a loc of red tape, so I would say it was apiroxir.atelv before we had any action fron>. the Red Cross' to send sixV seven weeks to Lee's co^nancCant. In the r^cantinc, I had cn:;.-ed an attoiv.oy because Texas Ccrncnsation iTn?''^'^''''' ';;'"'''' f "" ^'^^^=^' ''^''^^^ ^•'^-'' to stc^. hy ccmcr-s^- ••'^^= C^'^r. '^':~^ ->' ^-^-'- cation because a brtain oercenta-e nf^ Ji^w 'Ti^'""' "°"-' ''r Xot too loan after Leo sent the Special ni^Z ^ Delivery, V^ ^.^^^"^.'^^ Ci^cn. I received a cacck rro^T th.e r:ovcnu^ent frcr. Lee's oav. Not too -'''^* ^ KT-s infor-cd that Lee would get w?. ? a "Dire Need" discharoe " because of reco-nondation of tlic Red Cross. Q. Would you repeat that-- is that a "Dire r.'codV? A. A "nirc :;ced" - d-i-r-e need, a hardslup discharge. Upon the rccc;:v^cndation of the Red Cross I wrote Lcc and told hi;.: that since he had planned to rc-enlist I didn't think that he sh.ouid accept tlio dire need* discharge because I believed that I was entitled to L';c allotment that the "ovci-nnent would natch alon^ with his pay and v^^c:\ ny case ca.ne up and I'd be entitled to this^ccnpcnsaticn, I tlicu^ht I v/ould be able to nana^e. I received a letter from Lee saying tliat ho was on his way Jior.e because th.ev decided that I neeclcd his r.oral support and h.is I'.elo since I was alone'. Lee car.e hone. I had the one bed and the snail kitchen and bath. He arrived late at moht while I was sleepinji. In the noantin'.e, the landlady had offered a cot to be put in the roo.ii so ny son would have a place to ccne to. Commission Exhibit 270 —Continued 725 Q. Do yor.i vcine:-i)er Kjir.t date tiiis v.t-s, d>out v;hcn it was? A. Yes, tiiis in 105P,, nrounc! Scptcr'-.cr or Octojcr. i.-as I told Lcc tJiat v.'c nootlcu to talk. I.'c said, "N'ot ucv, r.ot'-.cr, in the r.oriur.r: •.•;e'il talk." In tJiC r.or.nn."., I said, "Lcc don't v.orry tco r.:i:ch, u-c vill r.akc cut all rif.i'.t. You v.ill f^ct a jcb, you're a veteran. I cm babysit or liclp r.ysclf a little bit and v;c can r^anarc until r.y *:orccnta£;c or r.y salary' that vas due r,e \.'CJld be available." iI5s v.ords v.'crc, "Motl-.er, since you ore bro^-.c, if I stay here with no education and not having, worked before (naturally, he v;as in the service), t!:c only jo>. I see I could ^c^ v;ould be about a $50 a vee!; job ar.vl ti'.cn v;c v.ould be botli the u'ay ycu are nov.'," !ic said, "I have tliouolit tliis out th.crounhly and nr/ rind is nade up. I an foin" to fct a job on a s'u-i becra:sc t'icv pay bif r.oney and I v;ill be able to send money to help ycu." I tcld him that was a v/onderful idea and I thoupht that he tliou^ht things cut ri^ht, but I thcu^Iit he should stay hone awhile and let us try to r.iar.a^e before. He said a^ain, "If I stay here I don't knov.- if I can ^et a job and if I do it vill be r.iinir;;;r. ware. N'o, ny nind is radc un." So I believe that cvers'one has a ri^ht to tliCir ovn life and the way of livinp it. I thou.<7:ht of I^e as an adult because r.e spent three years in the sen'ice. He was just, he was not 20 years old at th.e tir.r;;he v;as joinf. to be 20 years old in October. Cut, as I say, he v.'as a <^rov.7i t^zv.. Mc had l^een in t!ie Fcrr.osa crisis, he had been to Japan., and so if tJiat was ];is decision I had no ri^ht, even as a rothcr, to force iuni to stay Ijor.e or even try to force him. So, in three days tire Lee left. Approximately a week later I received a letter frcr. Lee frcni .\'ev 0-rloans, tcHin.". r.e tf:at he had booked passage en a sh.ip to Europe, and I wish at this tir-n I liad t!;e letter bccraisc as a r.-.other, and knowing: the circr^- stanccs 1 had the letter but rij-.I^t new I don't but as a motlxr and Icnowin^ th.c circar-.stances and th.e conversation i interpreted tl^.e letter (family affair); v;ere the letter r.ade public after his defection, would not be interpreted tl-.at way, becaixsc the letter said-- 1 won't be able to Ijivc you tl;e exact word--but the letter said, "I h.ave booked passaj^e to Europe en a ship n^^in^ to Europe. I ar. 50i"iy, r.other, to liavc to tell ycu this way. I ar. sure that ycu don't understand", whidi ny son was telling r.c I don*t understand why he is leavinrj a sick mother, "I will contact you as seen as I arrive. 0. •\ Tliat is what he said in the letter? A, he said in tlie letter, "Please understand, nother, that ny T»iat is v/hat values and those of Robert are not th.e sar.-.c." Aav, because of the situation and because of th.e boy always help r.e and being considerate of Commission Exhibit 270 —Continued i 726 - 7 re, I interpret t'le letter that he is r.s]/. T!:c story stated ti>.at lie v.-ent to Russia, as v.-c knc; it has been nuMici^'ed, I can't rencr^ber nil of that, and it appeared to be his o-.r. dcci'sicn, according to the paper. So, a^^ain, rcspcctir.n other peonies T^riviler-es or rinhts, I said, and later r.ade this public, that if, accrrdin-: to' the paper, he h.ad studied ''prxisn and that v.-rs the life he v.-antcd since he t:as not hurting anyone and it vras a political, as far as I knc-', I v.-asn't too much at the tir.e en these tl-.in^s", hut since it vas his decision and that v-as t.'hnt he '..-anted I believed it should h.nva been his pri-vile^jC as an individual to pursue t!-.e th.inr ha v.-antec, and I ad:?.ired r.y son ior the statements because of racial (Iisco.:tcnt in. the United States and treat- rent of underdog and so fort];. If ho felt that v.-ay, and the papers stated that vas h.is feeling and rcrso:; for .racing into l^ussia that he iiad the courarc not to stay in a United States, that h.c did not like and to leave because I do net approve of all t]:c3c politicians and all of th.csc people saying things about t!\e' United States', and yet h.eing a part of it. Ir. r.y ov;n v.v.y, I tJ-.ink it tal;es courage to stand up for year convictici;s, and so I accepted the fact th.at tl:at was v;!iat 1:3 wanted and tliat h.e h.ad a right to •..•h.at lie wanted to do with his life. Naturally, tlie nev/spapers and all the reporters v.ere cer.ing aroujid. Ihe '.scn^nn told ~,e I i;euid: Iiave to leave tl;e house. I had no place to go. I had no r;oncy. I called .ny son, Robert, and told Idr. tjhat sh.e insist th.at I leave tii'e h.Or.ise. h'e said "'./cil, mother, cor.'c over here." I hiave been the t)'pe r.cti.cr since I had raised r.y diildrcn alone ra\d h:.-d struggled, not only financially, but v\-is al'.vavs tired and had no life of r.y o\m. In other \;crdr-, as seen as I cane hor.c from i-.'ork, r.y children v.'anved their food, so ir.:iodiateiy I started v/orking again. I sort cf lived for the day v;iien n)' children Commission Exhibit 270 —Continued 727 m 4 v;oald find a good woman ar.d marry and sor.cbcdy to care of them, t2'„e because it was alr.ost ir.r-.ossi'olc for zo to work and to do justice to tl'.csc boys. Q. V.'iicr. (lid you first hear frcr. Leo? Did you hear frcn hin w!ule he was in Russia? A. I had no Kow v/c i.'ill 2Ct to t!ic verj' ir.-:ortr.r.t part of t!^.e stor>'. contact v/itl; Lee at all. >V. ?rv.T,T.T, (>-.cc-nctic) of the FJI, this was in February, I called l:iv. bccaur.c a^tcr rcr.cinj; ti'.e stories a^sin, I thouch.t I read tliat tlic Flil v:as invcsti^atin;^ the fr,riiily backrjrcund as in t!ic scwice, but it u'as the State Dcpartr.cnt that they had said v.-as investigating Ids bao'c^raind, so I called the F3l' in Fort V.'orth and wanted to knov, so '-r. Fannan (phoenetic) is the FGI A^^ent wncc. I talked to. Q. Miat did he tell yea? A. ?!r. Far»nan Cp'^ccnctic) car.c out to the house, and I ]\v.!rs. Osvald, it looks like* the boy \.'anted to ^o there, "and since I liad no contact, he recoTi- r.cnded tliat I ^ct in toud'. wit!; sor-.e senators and connrcssr.en and people v;ho caild help re because v;e had cxtcnuatin,'; circur-.stances in X}\c case by now. I.ee's r-iii v.-as ccr.in^ to t'-.c house and because I had no contact with hir., I v.-as taking c!)ar.':c of Lee's riv-il. I received a letter fro." the Before I say th.is, I rrust say this, and it is just too bad that I don't h.avc this letter; it was in Lee's sea ba^. Lee wrote be v ore I wrote hir. ah cut ir.y accident, /u.d tliis I have to rerer-oer. Lee wrote that/he v.-as thrilled to :.-.e deatli and happy because Albert ?v.-it2cr Colle.-ic/in S'.;itzcrland had accepted hir^ as a student. T rcccivod a "letter in Lee's inail, but I had no contact with Lee frcn the Albert S.-itzcr College in Switzerland about Lee's itinerary, and I forgot to tell you thiit Lee had told r.e that he had put a deposit with the Albert Switzer Collej;e and '..-as h.appy that they accepted hir.. Lee received th.is letter frcr. the Albert Switzer Collchc h.cpinf'. that his itinerary would se*^ -li" t];ere a little earlier, because the senester or later, I for^^ct wh.id), because the ser.ester u-ould be delayed or brought for.-.'ard. TI:c itinerary stated, now I a?-, not too sure about tlus; however, I have tins infor^^ation, that h.e was ^oin^ to Finland, Sv.-eden, Dcnnark, or raxije visa verca. I don't knc-.; rn' history, and then to Switzerland to' tlie Albert Switzer Colie^e. Since I had this information and it did not agree witli the newspaper story that he had Commission Exhibit 270 —Continued 128 - 9 defected, iu-cdiatcly t)Cf.nn to thiiik tlmt tnci-c was scrctlun^ v.Tong, I tluit r.a\'lic ship he vr.s on, I t!iu:i't Lnc-/, he ccild l:nve used tl-iC loynotisr; cr l;c could hr.vc bcor. Ii^-onotired and brc;:^'it to Russia. There's r..-r.y v;nys ti.at a bq/ en a siii". ccild I'.ave r^otten to f.ussin, I do not say and I do not V.nc.:, v>.ot;-.or he intended to to to Russia, Lut tlic story about v.-antinr; to i.ov': en a ship, of course he Icnc..' no!.' he couldn't ^o to Albert S-.-itzcr Collc^^c, undci-stand? Decease of v.y r.eedin;^ his h.clp, he v;as r.^inf. to v.-orlc on a ship. I called Mr. Far-nan. (phcenctic) He ca-c cut to the h.ouso, and v;hen I shov.'cd ];in this infoi-\iticn, ;-.c said ""trs. Osv.T.ld, things do not looh ri^Iit. I recor.vr.end that yc;i f;ct in tcuci v;ith. scMcono," V/culd you help n^e th.cre, please? lie said Representative .1-r. ?,ayburn v:aild he one. Secretary .'order, and by the \;ay, \.-o !iad wired Secretary Ilerdcr when I we heard o' Lee's defection, ashing for Iiclp. i^is brotl\er did, and v.'o i-eceive' Herder, ansv.-ered r.y rcvruest, but Con^ress-.an '..'rif^ht irr.cdiately sent r.e a wonderful letter, expressing uie seriousness of the situation. Q, Conf;rcssnian ';rii;ht did? A, Yes, Jin h'ri^ht, /V.d tl\c extenuating circur.stances and tl'.at ].o would do all tliat would be necessary to tr)' and locate the boy thrcu^i Ids prestir^e and tl;e State Departnent, so v-e could Iiavc sono info;Tiation and net to tr.e bottc::. of this. I received a letter frcn Con^'3rcssr.-.an Wrif^I'it th.at he had turned rr\' letter over to th.e State Deoartr.ent and tl»at I v.'Giild liear fror. tiier.i scon. I received word frer. the State Depart-T.ent sor:^tir.e later that th.ey would do all in their pov:er to try and looate ny son, and that t!ie letter had been for.;arded to the U.S. ETi)assy in 'loscov; and that they were po-'ng to follow up rcy Commission Exhibit 270 —Continued 536 0-64 vol. XVI 48 729 10 - rccucst. I h.-.vc a lot of ccrrcspor.dcncc v.'ith the State Dcnartr.cnt. Ti-.cy liavc Icept r.o info-iT?cc pror'.rcssivcly; hoKcvcr, they said tliat in each letter tl^cy v/orc v;orV.in^ on t'.;o case, but that th.cy !iai! no leads ur.atsocvc'r, and die] net !-;nov v.'hcrc r-.y son v;as and v.-ould contir.uc to do tlicir best to locate hir.. I v/rote the State Denart- r.cnt for the date of I.ec's passport, and '..liere it '..as issued, because by ncv I Icnew tliat n)- illnc^ss and his dirc-necd disdiar^c hr.d de- prived him of what he oricir.ally planned and I v;anted to see for my ovm satisfaction if indirectly I v;as the cause of bin jroinj to Russia, and of course, the dates vxulJ rive r.c that inforruition. Q. Did you ret tl\c dates? A. Yes. Tlie State Department wrote r.e th.c dates and wlicre tlie passport was taken cut, whidi was in Calif onua. Q. And what v;ere th.osc dates, do yai rcr.e-hcr? A, Tliodates were a little prior to his disc]'.arr:e. I have this in- forrntion in black and white, '.'c can have th.e correct dates. It was a little prior to his disc!-.arfc, sh.o-.v-inj tliat he had tl^cu^ht this thins out* before ccr.inf. hcn:c that he was ^oinq to board the ship and not stay and \;ork in Fort V.'orth. I saw 'us passport. Q. Go rijht a.head, '!rs. Osv.'ald. A. His passport showed export and irr^ort. Since iny son is now upset all knov/led^c is done.* (unintelligible conversation). Q. O.K. ncv. Ycu tell :t.c that I.ce v.-as thinking of UTitin^ a book and he contacted a public stenographer in Fort V.'orth; new this was after he care back fron: Russia? A. T/.at's risht. Q, And do ycu feel like that h.e contacted an editor scncwhere? A. Yes, I feel like he contacted an editor, I don't have any proof other- wise, that he liad spent these few dollai-s we had jiven hin, his brother ^ and I. He had ahait $10 or $1S. He used that to imr^ediately hire this public stenofprapher. lliat we know, because my daughter- in- law, Robert's wife, told rie of a conversation he liad about a story and the Commission Exhibit 270 —Continued *T 30 11 - pii!)lic stcno7.rn;:hcr en lice Robert's l\cr.o for scr:e additionr.! vcri- ficntior. of t'lc ston'. Q, Do yen luve nny idcn v.ho this stcr.o.r;rr.r.hcr is? A. Mo, I hox'C no ic^o.i bccnusc it o.' d-.ii^^tcr-ir.-lr.v v;!io tolcl re abciit '.;.-•;; hin trvTcin^ to .1 public ?.tcr.o;n*r'/->!:cr r.ccnusc the p;:blic stcnof.rnpb.cr called ar.d said to r.y dniif/.tcr-ir.-l.T.;, r.ot hr.cwir.;^ t:int I.cc v.-r.r.tcd not to confide in liis fanjly, t'-.at t!'.is is tlic public stcnof.rr.phcr, v/aild you let r.o tnik to Lee? .\nc th::t is v.v.y kiic.v wh.cn she told -..'c r.c on tlie side because Loo v.nsn't tal^cin^ or confiding ar.^thir.^, and tiicn later en vlicn I wont to bee's Iiou.sc'v.'Iicn he t;ot K job and"pot a house for his v.'ife and family, tb.cy '..-oren't hcr.:c.. I was always curious because of iny previous invcstif;;aticns on r:\' a-.-rx since I b.ad r.ine so nuch. I looked at tr.is r.ail in. the Tr.ailbox 2nd sav; just an oi'dinaiy business envelope a:vd it v;as frcr, a pubiislun;^ cc:r.p:;ny in Nov; York, so betv;cen the f.'c, I assured that he had sent this story to a publisher. Q, Do you liavc any idea \.'ho tiiis nublislicr v.'ns and v.-hcre he is na.\'? A. I have no idea. All I rcr.cr.'ber is t/.?t it was a Xew York Tublishing Mouse, and I do knox that Lee car;.e to Ro!)crt's house and '.-/e decided ve v.'cre ^cin^^ to say no ccr.::en.t i-.ec.uso v:e had suc\ a tire vith. reporters wlicn of t^ic learning of liir. ^ointj to Russia. Tnat Lee said "Yes, I have the stoiy, if you '..'ill pay r.c for it." Q, Do you rcr.:erber v:hat ti~c of t'^c year this v.'as? A, upon !'.is return free r^«.:ssia, \;h.ich vas of June, 1C62, Iivj:'.cdiatcly he had also told r;c in tl;e letter, uv.ich. I have. aiid tj^.cn I have all inforvition tliat I an savin" here in black and v;hite of rv prize stcr)', that he intended to \-:rite a stoiy. Q, Here of late, we talked to ycu about v.v.nt he did in Fort '"orth. and Dallas, 'i.'c have scr.c undisclosed inforr.ation that Lee went to '!cxico City on or about Septer'J)or 26; ncv.', can you tell us what you Jaiow about t]iat? A. I do not knci-; anything about J'exico City. I do know in talking to my dau"h.ter-in-law, who has been verv close v/itli r.e for tiie last* tliree and a half days or four days approximately CoMi£issioN Exhibit 270 —Continued 731 12 - Q. Tliis is V.arjna, Lee's v.'ifc? A» '-'arina, Lcc's v;.irc. Msrina told r.o since she nr.d Lcc are hnvinr; a hard tir:.o, Lee havir.3 a hard tine keeping a job, and he tried nr.d tried to find woi-k and no can ^,et v;ork. I use her v/ay of talking. Tliey said they r,o to Russia uv.erc lie had job and can take care of his far.uly. S!)a didn't \.'2nt to return to Russia nr.d Lcc didn't want to return to Russia, hut because Lcc can't find wor';, all the tiir.e he v/or!:s a little, and no i;or!;, he v.-orkcd a little and no work, we no can ^ct house, live together, riaylie v/c 50 back to R-Jssia. I kna: .nothinn about her an(] tl'.at sh.c wrote in behalf of her husband and herself wanted a visa to ^o back to Russia. She wrote to her Consulate or the Soviet Consulate, I don't kna/. Q, You don't know v;Iiet!icr this was Soviet Consulate in th.e United States or wlicre do you think it is? A. I do not know; hou-cver, I can fct th.at inforoation because ?!arina told no that she first, witli the per.dssicn or her husband, v.Tote to the Consulate, which I ar. assunin^ is Soviet, but I can't find out exactly. And then Lee tried to ;;et a visa. Q, Do you know v;herc lie tried to ^et a visa? A. Marina said Lee tried to ,';et a visa. I a^n assunir.o that she meant also that lie v/rote. Nothing was ever said about Leo goi^C ^o ^!osccnv City for a visa. Q. farina did not say tliat he went anyi^xre to tr)' to get one, that he ?• v.Tote sc:ic'.7l".erc? A, No, th;.v is ny understanding. Q, Earlier, we were talking to ?;!ar3na about so-e Federal Af.cncy ccn- tactin3 Lee and asking hin a*^lot of t]un£;5. Can yai tell r.o what Federal Aocnq' tliis was tr.at kept contacting Lcc, like liere recently? A. I asked ??arina. Sh.e did not kncv; th.e can's na:-c. It sounded like Tno:nas or Howard, but he was a short nan, full face, black hair; he cainc three tirr.es, not too lonjj af.o he cane -- al-.cut a v.-eek or so a«io, ar.d Marina told r.e that F3I VJhy *!arina tells uc these tliinss; I was reading newspaper accounts and I said that Lee said, as stated in the pa^xir, that F3I Ager.ts had ccr.^e to the h.cuse recently and the paper stated that th.is was checked and checked out thoroughly in I'.'ashinrton, and that no FIJI Agent had come to wliere Commission Exhibit 270 —Continued 732 - 13 tlicy Kcrc livir.j^ in Ir\'in2. ^^^^•i^..1 soys "Vc '-a, this r.ot true." F;>I^V.cnt carlo to living, :mt: I saiil "Do ycu I;j:cw his nnr.c?" Xo, ;Io'..'ai\l, Tl-iOmas, I dor.'t ]:v.o.:. I csliod "Marina, vliat did ;io Icok like?" Stent nan, fat face, blacl; hair; she said I.ee tell tnith. FBI A-^cnt co;r.c to l-.ousc, Mrs. Paine ]ias na.-c of /Vent. Q. Mrs. Paine, "Is the landlady v:hcre Marina and Lee lived? A. Mo, I don't sec landlady; ?!rs. Paine is assured, as far as I kna;, a friend befriending. Marina and. Marina r.clpcd Mrs. Paine to Icam Russian, helped v;ith the diildren :x:\(l work, snd Mrs. Paine lets Marina stay tiicrc. Lee lived in toun in a rocn $8. CO a i.'cek, and c&^es to see liis frj:iily on v;cehends. Lee is not residing v.'hcre >'arina is because of transportation bach and forth to his job, Q. Fto's 20t Ids job with the 3oo;c Canpany, hasn't he? A. Yes, which is in Dallas, and 'ds hcr.'c is in Irving. Q. Tliis was after Lee \.-as in jail, is that ri£;ht ? A. Tliat is correct. So I Iiad not seen ry dau^-Jitcr^in-la'.'; in fact, I had not knc'.-.Ts even th.at tlicro v-as a ncv; bal)y, so I went to v.l-.crc nj' daughter- in- lav: v;as living,, v.iuch was in Mi's. Painc's house, so I said v;c need to f.et an attorney for hoc, and ve h.ave no rioncy, I)ut he ruist have sore r5.;;]:ts to Iiavc an attorney and I said I didn't li!er of, and I have not been aM'^ to rcncwber entirely 3cause I '/as upset and I ! was surprised that she u-as a r.enbcr of an organization because to --^ nc, all of these organizations rean notlunfj -- Tlie Cirdi Society anci all; I read about then and I pass thorn off as notliin^. So I didn't pay too ixidi attention. Commission Exhibit 270 —Continued 73? 14 Q. Do yai have any ic'ca uliat it ni^ht be? A. she said that i'.cn't v.'orr'/ too. V.'cll, I.cc v.'ould be represented by counsel because she v/as a -.crjier and tliat tb.ey would sec t;'.at Lee cot a lav.yer. Q. You don't knov; v.-bat type of organization it was? A, N"o, I don't, but I really believe that if I b.card tl\c narx;, I may kna.;, Q. V.'as it the Pair Play for Cuba? A, jlo,Cuba \.'os not rcntior.ct!; that I'n sure. Ancrican Civil Ri^h.ts — is there sucli a thinj;? It was an or^ar.iintion tiiat protects people's rif.hts. In otJicr words, six assured nc that he would have R lawyer because she was a r.crber of tb.is or|3ani2ation. I didn't like Mrs. Paine ir— ediately upon cr.terin;; !;er h.or.ic, and then when she told re that she v;as a no:-.bcr of this organization, tl-.en I felt (unintelli£:ible) but I didn't. Q. Mrs, Oswald, of course, we don't want to put v;orJs in ycur mouth, but tr.crc are several of these or^janizaticns; if we do r.nr-.e it and it sounds like tlie one to j-cu, then it ~if,I;t help us, Cruld this be tl;c Copjiittec for Peaceful Aiter.iations? A. No. I don't tl'.ink so, Q, In otl'ior words, it sounds to ycu like it's sor.c zypc of a v:elfare organization for people v.-I.o are in trouble. V.'e were talking so:?ctir:.e back about I.ce or yourself or raybc sr-c cf the far.ily x.-ritin^ to tlie Secretary of tl^c N'av^r or the State Dcpartront in order t.hat Ix?c's dish.cnoralUe discl^.arc^e th.ai h.e !:ad received after he went to Russia bcin^ d-.anoed. Can yea tell re wh.o it was ycu wrote to again? V.'e 're a little bit confused about that, A. Yes, also have all of this ir.forrviticn in r>' possession. '.I^ilc I I/;c v;as in Russia and I had no contact with Leo, approximately ten r.ontivs later, in a hrov.Ti official envelope frca the *'arine De- partment, v.'as a letter addressed to bee. Since I had no contact vdth n:y son, I didn't knov; wl-icth.or he was alive or dead — I opened his r^ail \:^\id\ !iad been coning to t!ic hox:r::, I didn't feel ^^ilty about opcninjj his nail because I had no way of knowing if he was even living. It v;as a letter froni the ?!arinc Corps, stating that you are Commission Exhibit 270 —Continued 734 IS ic:.cy reccr-.-or.Jcd re to n I tnm!; tnc captain's nnno is jotted dcv.r. cr-f- a-d en this letter' ''-'o' ncviscd V.C since it did not stnto v;;>.>' \yc -./as '^ctti-- -i di«-Vr-nr-M^ disd^arne, thnt I vrite St. Lruis. v;Scre the fic^; r'fJce Is '^nd If I recall, and I believe that it vculd be jotted do-.^ I I'ls fliven the narc of tlic ;:erscn to contact. He told ne the -.-.-av to do ic v.-as C-i) .1 cucstion ;:hic!; I cannot rer.crbcr G>) .1 ouestio- Cc) a question -- in other i;ords, r.akc it businesslike and a<^- tncse questions (a b c) . It r.-,ay !i.-ivo i:c:;e a little fur-hcr I "v^art tnc answers explained that you have no^contact ,.ith Ocu^ soA an!' since .ic was a J-arine and ycu vant to hnci; i;!:y Ids nii-c dis!;onorcd you, as his jr.oth.er, would lihe to be riven th.c infoiT.:ation of tr.is* disnonorcMc dischar^^c. I received a Ictt er fro-. St ^p-is st-tir n to r^:s.ia, they h"e foun^'lf ^ccessa^ tc^'^v^r °V'^^ '^"f '^V .iishonoranle ui3c:-.:rco, and if he can, but he has a ^ ltK:%^^ -'1 rir..it taa. ic v:ai!c co he.orc a Jcar.:, and !:o v;cald have th.e -.rivi- lep ana a richt to contest this dislcnorablc disc-.ar^e. ::cll. no'.-' I have explained I didn't hnc:; v;het!;or ny son was * livin- or do^d I had no contact since r.y sen cc-.ld r.ot :,c bc.-ore a r.card and defer hiinsclr could I have tne privilcae since I h.avc in r>/ -^cssessicn a 10. o. extenuating c:rcu-;stances to the case, because* if I recal-cd tne^Tules and reculations that were presented in this return lotlor s<.ic t/.au cit.-er ycu or a rc;:rescntativc could present ycur case "-'"^^ °' Cx-.iners. I .-.av not be using tlie words; jtZl I have -!• tnis mr^r possession. Cthe ori^^inal). hov.'cvcr, ^^»» Q. Did yea go before a r)Oard or go to sorecnc? A. I was willing. Ihad no ^oney and this has always been r.y :>roblen. I not cr)'ing en anyl^cdy's shoulder, but wh.en V. you :^coii to '(}.c sor-ie^ning ano you don't h.ave tlie ncn.o>', it r.iakes it di^'^ic-''^ I -° ^""^ "''^"^ Clucago or St, Lcui^; v;hcrever rSM!:!f tac O.ficc was. K'-''K^ c-.e o^;- But I would go, I would sell anything I have I have a couple 0£ rings. - I I-.ave ahvays been able to r.vrr.^c an strong willed. I would go before the as I Board aj;d orescnt'rr- case to see if tney would not do th.is av.ful tlung of a dishonorable (.isciarge, because I have grandduldren, r.:y wliole fa-nilv lias served in service and Lee sewed the service for three years in the N'arines * and I want his na.v.e cleared. . Commission Exhibit 270— Continued 735 16 A. I received, as I recall, a rcjjistcrcd return ans'./cr and I iiavo this also aUUrcsscU to Iir. Leo ilarvcy Os'.vald and not. to 1..C, v.'nicii would be very unusual since I nad already explained I l;ad no contact, but r.ayjc tiiat would be tiicir procedure. A rcr.istered-return-addressce-only hcv; can Lee return a , return rep.istered letter wnen Lee is not availaule. Q, ".:i;at did you do tiicn? A. I went to the Post Office and I explained that r.y son (and it nad been in all the papers and everytninp.) was not ne'rc and tjiat I v;ould like to si.cn for tnc letter, and, as far as I I did because I have the letter, and nothing else was ];noiv, said about r.e representing Lcc. Tiiey did not give r.c the satisfaction that I asked to represent Lcc. Q, i.'no did you contact? Did you contact sor.eone in V/asnington? tJhat did you do titcn? A, iVell, tiien I did notiiinf.. I had v.'crUcd and talked to people, wrote to St. Louis and Chicaro, I loriict wiiicii, did everything no further. I a;r. a Q. I'.'cll, then, i/nen Lee returned fron kussia, did he contact tiic i\avy L'cpartr.ent in re.Tards to this discnarge? A. V.'nenLee returned fron iiussia I uclicvc \-:hcn. I know definitely, and ti;c State iiepartinent kept t..c infcrr-.ed of every r:Gvc that Lee v.nde, and ;:hen I was told tiiat tiiey were goin? to loan Lcc the noney to co::ie hc:,e, anu on such a;id sucn a date he v;ould core iior.e, which was ;.;ayje five or six weeks after the letter, I v.'ould say, I believe (I'n not sure but I oelieve) ti.at I ivroto Lee preparing hii.: tliat iie had iiad a dishonorable ciscaarnc and that v;ould it oe '.;ise to return and face these tniags. So, v.-hen Lee returned fro;:: Kussia I snowed Lcc these papers and I distijictly rcraoMber giving Lee the letter but I iiad a copy of it and I did not give Lee all of tnc correspondence. I cave Lee the original letter about a disiionorable discharg.c aVid 1 think I iiave a copy of the one ti;at I gave Lcc. Lee says, "Doii't worry, r.iothcr, I will take care of this because I have baon a good >.arine and I have a good-conduct rr.edal"w;iich I saw with ny own eyes tiiat he iiad a good- conduct r.edal. Commission Exhibit 270 —Continued 736 ^) ., ' o Q. 5c vlici he v/rito to tiic- inr.t I uo not know uccausc Lo^ never iir.J t.-:lkcJ to no v;;:at i.c ;vas jjoino to Jo in t:.i;..Ts of taat sort. aoout 1 said to I.cc- K.:c;i I first car.e jaci: fror. Vcrncn, w:-.src 1 v.-as woriaiir. and Iirst sav; Lcc aiiu ;;is Ku.ssiaa wife end ovcrytai-- I toicl Lcc about tJiat story, "..o iiavc a story." re says* •Motacr, you aon't uritc a story, now we're here," :^:arina's life woulu be in Janf^cr." Tiiat is Jiis \/ife? Taat is his wife. I saiJ, "i.cc, the story that I can write nostly ncrtams to r:y ex,.orioacc.s ." "Just the sar.c. i-^other you cannot write a stcry." i.o ci.l not know wnat I had. iio' never nad as.-.cd what i .lad. I ..avc nentioneJ to rv son lioocrt, tnat I went to •..asain-tcn, ti:at I have iiifbrnation. iiooert has never asked v;i:at I nave. .\o one in tnc ^aniiy knows t.ic taxnrs I have. Tnc ci.iidren didn't want to know, i nave an original application fro:i Albert Sci.weitzcr Collc.'.c that Lcc had filled out and that is where he wanted to no and nau put a deposit and was accoted bv Albert Scnweitzer Colle-e in Switzerianu. And Albert' Scnweitzer Collep.c wrote a.eain to Lcc :,:id I nad no contact. I opened tne letter sayiu.c. tiiat t.icy nope; nis itinerary of travel woulu allow am to rcacii SwitzerL.nd eiti;er, r.aybc o-.c or two days prior to his itinerary, or later, I do not reuci.-.uer. but ail tncse taints I .lave in i^iack and white. And, so tJicA I contacted Aloort Scnweitzer Collc-e and t;.ey said Lee had not arrivec tnere and it. was peculiar tnat ne had not arrived tncrc since nc nad paid his dcnosit. I stress anain that I nave all tiiis infor:r.ation for proof. ;>'cll, can you tell nc , did Leo ever to you, or did you ever near .ro:; any of the rest of zae fa;,.ily, taac Leo ex,.ressed ais feeiinos toward tiie Xavy Dcpartr.ent or the ;iarine Cor-^s, Wj.at ae felt aoout navinji received tais dishonorable dis-' Ciiar^e? No; otuerwisc, I told his rci::arks "Don't worry about it niotncr, I will sec about it" and took the copy of tnc letter. :le, I Know, felt that he didn't deserve the dishonorable uiscnarge. Tiierc, aj^ain, I aa assur.inn that there a^ain oecause of the circunstances of nir.i gettin?: to Russia. He said he nad a story. Tney are, ah, I do not know, but there —Continued Commission Exhibit 270 737 18 is sonctririP. wronp, about hir; uci:ig in Russia. All iaclica- tiojis of r.:y kaov/lcclpc .ir.d proof, .inJ. tlicsc also to r.o , and Lcc '.v"antiuj3 to write tliC story poiuts to tiiat r.iaybe tj;crc was soir.cthinj' :iot ripht, hoxv iiC j^ot to kussia, I do not know. I do not know, out indications point a little that way. Q. Tnis is f.ctting Lack closer to tiie present tirp.c--do you know this nan. Jack Ruuenstcin? A. AC, I do not knov; t»ic man. Jack Rubcnstcin. Q. You never iicard Lee mention liin one way or the other? A. No, Lee don't ever talk. Lee doesn't talk. Q. I Tnen you say tiiat no doesn't talk and you don't 'know sec. belonged to any organizations or had any friends wiictiior he tnat were in tiie sarr.c organizations or friends of Jack iiubenstein? A. iNo, I know notainn, of Lcc's activities because Lee doesn't confide, because i.ce would think, and ne i.^ade tiiC stator.cnt puDlic when »ie went to acw Orleans and wrote tlie letter, "I do not expect you to understand, :r.otncr." l:e feels like I zzi an old wor.ian, a noti.er, tiiat doesn't knov; aoout tiiese inportant dcvclopi;.cnts of ti.e v;oriJ that was soinr^ on. Q. Can you tell r.c, do you liave a:iy /idea wnat his feeling or opinion v.'as of Mr. Jo;;n Coivnally', tiic Governor of Texas, who was the forrr.er Secretary of ti.c ;\avy? i A. No, tiiore ajjain have no idea oecause Lee does not express I anytiiing to i::e.Lee f.ave the irrpression tiiat "ir.y r.iother-- housekccper and notiier, you wouldn't understand these deep tilings." I say deep because Lee is a deep tainkcr. Lee reads books, history books and anyti\in[3 pertaining to things tiiat would require evaluation of goinf, into deep thought about thin»',s, and iie won't tiiink tnat I would take tiie tine to ootacr about affairs of that sort. Q. Xow, tais next tnat I an going to ask you --we have talked about it, you and I have at certain times the last few days -- I want you to understand t;\at I don't v;ant you to think I am trying to put any tiling in your raouth. I want you to give nie what you tJiink. A. I understand. Commission Exhibit 270 —Continued 738 i . r Q. All rir.iit. Jo you think that Lcc had any rcascu. or Jo you tniiiK tnat he woula have wauled to saoot Isr. CoDually tiie oovcrnor I Jo not think that Loo shoot Mr. Connally. if you are v;oulcl uccauso of ir-.i-lymt: tiiis dis;:o:iorahlc disci.arfo or so-c r.ricf nc and to .ir. Co:uial]y, because Loo is a very i^itelli- ficat anu snart boykr.ov;ledcoable, not as far as education uut no is selr-cuucatcd fror. reading and bcin- in ti.e political ivorid, ;vnicn I woulu tnmk tiiat no v/ould be in the Political of things'-uolitics So, I tniu;; Lee uouid oo to a* hinucr-up If necu oo. Instead of Leo foino to any drastic sten Lee y;oult. know other people uesidcs ^r. Connallv because* vvhen he xuew ne coula return back to the United States, sor.e of his letters told r.ie wno to contact to ^ct hclo. They wore the rioat people lie always, ne '.;ould know. *I don't think tnat x.ce woulu oe foolisn cnoucn to do anything drastic for any particular reason because I believe that Lee would be capable of liandlin^. any situation. I say tnat because he na§ contacted important people. again let ;/.e ask you--you --.cy just be rcocatinp vour- V.'cll, self--but m rc;:ard to Frcsident Jonn Kcnncdv/do you think tnat nc rar.nt nave any stran-e feeling, enoucn to want to snoot lir, Kernieuy. Ajjain I say, Lee never iuis talked to ciiid aoain I say I :.:o tninrc Lee was too inteilir.ci.t unless was insane, whichiic cveryuouy doesn't see::, to tnink and I, personally, eitiier. Lee stuuies tncse tiim-s anu feels the world situation i.-hich was proven oy nis stater..onts wnen nc went to Russia. So I unucrstauu now he feels about tnese thinrs. Aoain, I say Lcc loves nis wife and c;;ildron. he was a'oood fati.er to the wix-e and Ciuldren. he always tried to find work wnen tiiey let nin off of a ;ob occausc of nis defection and because he was married to a Kussian girl, /vnd I know that he applied for jobs and uecause his wife was not a citizen he didn't fct it I know, because the r.onth that he stayed wit;j r.e in I-"ort i»orth and I nad the car and I took Lee to a\;oly for work. Lvcry day we went looking for work and Lee would say, "Mother tney didn't give me the job." and I said, "V.'ell, way?" "They* told r.e because r.y wife was not an Ar.;erican citizen" and that I knov; because I took r.iy boy. Commission Exhibit 270 —Continued 739 u 20 u Q. JO you ti'.ink that Lee felt \)rctty stror.cly about this fact tiiUt people v.oulu turn hii;i doi.T; on jobs because no was r.arricu to a iuissian? , A. Yes, but 1 don't taink it v/oulU Uotner Loo enough to want to iiurt the I'rcsiccnt or a.iybci'.y else; aiid let's say, let's f,o back, tiiat Lee ha.s asked for a visa to ilussia, waich his v;ifc has explained tiiat neitiior s.:e aor Lee wanted to go back to Russia, but thoy kncv; t.;at Lee could v;ork there all the tir.e, wlierc iierc he wasn't able to work to support his wife nnd cnildren. So then, whj' s:.ould he •..•ant to iiarn his wife and ciiildren. .No, I do not believe tiiat Lee •iVould ^o to the extent of puttiaj} iiir:self a:id v;ife in a position of anything so terriole as to kill, becai:so he does not shov; that type nan tov;ard v;ife and Ci;ildrcn and nctjier. Q. Do you think tiiat Lee r..i^':it liavc been influenced by so:7ieone else in this extent, so:necr.e ti.at r.ignt have convinced hin that it r.i^lit solve his proulcn for ain? A. I do not think so, again occause of wiiat I k:;ow of r\y boy. iic is strong uiadcd aad fror.i all state;;cnts frcu iiussia wiiCn iie defected and cveryti;in.';--t;ie papers and all, even now papers --iie had a :;:ind of his own end I believe Lee was brougiit up and would know aettcr taan to jeopardise iiis wife and iiimself; doing anytiiinj'. drastic would naturally jeopardize Jiis wi fe--hir.3elf and iiis wife. He is sr.art enouiih to know tiiat he can't do anytaing like that •.•:rong and get by v/ita it. i^e wo'uldn't do anytiiiug like tiiat because iie kno'./s. That I know. Q. In these past two or tiiree days we talked about this rifle that Lee had in tae garare over at tiie Paine residence and in Irving. Xov;, you iiave expressed your opinion taat sor.eone else ir.igiit have got ahold of tais rifle tiarougi; Lcc Xow, . would you go into tiiat a little bit, what you feel" like did happeii or could iiave happened? • A. Of course, this is just speculation, wi:en i>iarina told rae yes, Lee had a rifle. Lea liked to }iunt, he always like to hunt, and the stateiacnt '.-.'as r.iadc in tiic paper winicn he defected. And iie had a rifle a long tine. And tliat Flil uan asked when :ilic was picked up about the rifle and she told the FBI man, "Yes, Lee has a rifle." They showed her —Continued Commission Exhibit 270 740 i O 31 O a bi:^ rifle. S'lC says no s^ic don't tl;ink t.iat is tliC saj.ic rifle tiiUt Lee iuid. Giie acys I tolu tiic Til naa because Leo has rifle, she says, but she didn't thir.:^ it ivas tlic same rifle that tl^.e 1-31 nan si;o-.vcd licr. So, since tiiey did not iiave a hone of tiieir ov;n and they lived in this house, and .'iariua told r.e taat Lee kent tiie rifle in the gara^je, anyone could nave access to tnc rifle, so even thcu^h it would be Leo's rifle, to r.e doesn't necessarily nean that Lee used it since it was just in the g^'^race. Did you personally ever see Lee's rifle? I\'0. You never did? i\o, I have not seen v.y son since bcptev.ber of last year. In 19u2, is that rif.ht? Tiiat is correct and t.ie iicnth that :ie stayed v.'iti; v.c I never had seen t!;e rifle. i^e jus'c i.ad ciocnes and radios. h'cll,in concluding, tliis conversacicn tiiat v.-e are having, is taere anything tiiat you want to elaborate on right here recently about any Pederai anencies that contacted you or Lee or Marijui, or anything else tnat r.ight help us in putting togetner this story of Lee? Tne last few days, you are s^/caking of? Yes. Or anytiiing else that you think night be important for us in helping us in this case. Yes. T.ie nigiit that I v/ent to ;-:rs . Paine 's home after I was there about ten minutes This was after Lee was arrested? After Lee was arrested. Yes, Go ahead. There was a knock on the door. iir. Paine was tliore. At the tine I assuned they were a happily narried fanily. There is two children, Mr. and Mrs. Paine. I do not know tiiese people. Commission Exhibit 270 —Continued 741 . 22 I v.'alkcdout of tiic coiiruiiouso or j-il, v;iicrcver I was v;iicrc they iiaci qr.cstio:;cc: :ilarina was. >irs. Paine sat on the floor and Life magazine, tl;c zxon. fror.i Los Angeles, wliicli I founts afterwards, was continually rolling fil;r.. I was bcconing indif.ua:;t because I didn't tnink it was the right tiling to do. The other nan- -I do not know tiie nan-.es, tiiat is i;ow tnis iiapuenod so fast; in fact, I wasn't introduced--said to Mrs. Paine, ".sOw if you will start with your story.' It Mrs. Paine said, ".veil, I will tell you what I know." I tJiink iic asked ner how did she i.ioet .-icrina and r.e. She said at a party. He said, ";yid Lee live hero?" Siie says, "Yes, he lives witii iiis wife but iiC does not live liere." And the Life Magazine r.an (I wiS:* I knc\: his nar.e, I don't) said, "Are they se.)aratcd?" "Oh", sr.e says, "no, they are wonderful far.iily, :>ecausc of circumstances, llarina stays iierc with r.:e I give her and tiio cnildrcr. a oiace to stay, and Lee works in jjallas so Lee rents a rocr; in uallas for 08. 00 a .-.cek and coi:ies to see his wife every weekend." "r'cll, \:inci\ he cor.ies to see his wife on weekends, do tlioy get along? ..'hat do tiiey do?" Site said, "Like ordinary couples they sit and watch football, bascoall, and tiiings on television. They don't go any place, tiiey have no Money, no transportation; they stay hone. Tlicy love the fair.ily." I got up sofa. froi.i tiieI said, "I do not like th.is, I au awfully sorry, ;»rs. Paine. I realize 1 ar.; in your hor-xc but tliis is ny daugliter and this is :ny son that we are talking about and I do not /like you giving this personal' stories out." bverybody r^-:.uiined quiet so I sat down, Ir.;:.iediately the Life nar:i_zinc nan questioned ."irs. Paine, ignored r.e. I got*"up"~again. 'l said, "Now, I just said I do not like this. I have gone through publicity before when Lee Commission Exhibit 270 —Continued 742 " 25 su.>iioseilly defected, .and things cane out ir. the paper were not things tuat we said. I would say one word and'tlie paper would make a story out of it and I do not want any MuJlicity." Again, evcrytniua was silent, a pacifier to the • x..cther. U'cll he knew I was the Mother then because I said, "I an tne r.othcr of this hoy." But tlie I'aines nad never introduced r.e as the niotiier of ti^e ooy. She took tlic initiative of talking to Life nagazine, so he says, "ho you knov: liow Leo got hor.e fron kissia; iiow did he have r^oney to j^et nin hone from ilussia?" She said, "u'cll, he saved his tioney to get iii:?, from Kussia." I got up. I said, ".irs. Paine, I an getting tired of tnis. That is an incorrect state::;cnt because I iiappen to know how Lee got iioi;e fron iuissia and I do not appreciate you taking tiie initiative and naking tnese statcr:ents . "ij'e waiit fact." And I said, "Another tiling, I an penniless, i-iy daugliter-in-law here 4^ ».'itiio;.it a nusband, and children. If we are going to give a story and all of this inforr.:ation, I feci like I want to get paid for the story." Life ;;.agazine said, "Do you have a story? I v.-iil contact ny office rignt now and get authorization to pay you for the story." I said, "You do tiiat. »c need the ;..oncy. Tiiis coy v.'ill need a lawyer and I an witnout \'crk and ..'iio will hire' nc and I want to get paid if v;e are going u give this infornation." Tnc danagc had been already done \>ix.,i the infornation beiig given, so I insisted t;;en upon po.yr.ent. lie went into the kitcjicn and telcpiioned, I assuno, his office and cane back and said, "::rs. Oswald, t:iey said tha;; chcy will not authorize ne to pay you for a story; iiowever, tney will give us expenses for you. can put you up in a notel '..'e and we v/ill take care of your expenses wl;ile you are here." I said, "No, I think ti;at Life :.agazii;e can afford to pay for this story. I think it will be* news." He said, "'./ell, they didn't autiiorize nc to pay for it, and I said, "well then, let's don't talk. Let's keep quiet." I was then ignored and questions directed to Mrs. Taine. She innediately ansivered and by tiiat tine I v/as indignant and confused. I cannot rcncnbcr the question. Anotaer c^uestion was throv;n toiler. I got up again. I said, "I have had enough of tills", that "this is incorrect infornation, Mrs. Paine. I do not have the rigut to tell you not to talk to Life nagazine of xvhat you knov\f but when you talk to Life nagazine about *I assume this was the case*' and not facts, I an going to Commission Exhibit 270 —Continued 743 24 stop you because I happen to kno\.' this is not the case." So, they Kcat into tiic kitci;cn. I tried to be jiear as possible but because I didn't speak Russian and Kys. I'aine did, .-iariaa talked to Mrs. Paine in Russian. I bccar.c very nervous becaujo I didn't knov: v/hat v;as p.oinj; or, I said to .'••rs. I'aine, "Tell r.y dau.^iiter that I do not like this infor- ;.iation bein.q pivcn in public about Leo and her. Ask iicr UMiat she v.'ould like to do." .'Irs. Paine spoke in ilussian. iiy dauf.htor-in-lav; said, "Mana, I will do \:haZ you want ne to do." I said, "Marina tiion no talk." I put r.y finc;ors to the riouth, "i\0 talk, notiiinf, ." I said "ir we jjive stories. Mar. like r.icucy." '1 I am now spcakinj^ th v;ay I speak to my dauj'.hter-in-lav; and siie understands r.ie. "because v.'e need isoncy. You have no husband. I, Ma:.ia, r.ay not dc aolc to work. If v;e give story we ^,ot paid. \o, no talk no licre, Marina." "Yes, i'iana, whatever you want .'jarina do." So I say arain to pacify for rev; riinutes i-uict. (Iov;ever, they followed. Mrs 1. I'aine into the kitchen and by tiiis tine I was bcco.':iinp, r;;ore indiS'i^-'^t . If 1*C iiad any money at all--I had 50retor '.vas roir.r; to i^'.caldj \;it;: .Ir. Udiiar.i, t:\e V-.il iir^oi.tf to iiis headquarters to quo5tio:i .lariua, but I v.ould not Jo allGv;cd to ,^o. I saiu, "::ari:ia v-ill not r.o unless I ar.i prescjit ant: unless I '.nov: v.'hat .'iarina is saying in Kussian." nc said, "I a:; not tal^inj^; to ycu." ..ov/, .'.r. Udhar.: v.as very rude, bein^. a ro./resciitative of the ri,!. lie said, "Let your dau^nter-in-la:; :..akc uo i;er ov/ru r.iind." 1 said, "l-.y daugntcr-in-lau- is not ciuulifiod to .--.ake u^i ncr own aind." "because Suc does ».ot understand our v.-ays and sue is entitled to reproser.tation, I au ^oin^ to protect ricr." To tne Ivussian intcri>rocor "You tell* Mrs. Oswald , tnat if sne .cants to v,o , ask her if sac is v/illing to ^o* i\ot v;nat ner :.:otiver-in-iav. tells iier to do." I said to Mr. Odaau, "lly daupiitcr-in-lav; is not leaving here, wncthcr she says si:o v;ants to go or not." So that was debated tv;o or three different ti:ies and tiicn finally Marina talhed lon^, in .vussia and th.e interpreter said, "Mrs. Gsi.'ald said t.iat sne ..as no ivicre to say, that sac iias already been to tne -ioiice station ar.d told ti:ei:: wnat sac knov;s and Siie is tired; sne has uaby, s!;e nurse baby, siie caii tell hii.; no r.ore and Sno will do wiiat hoe's >;air.a tell i:cr and hec's .ia:.'.a say see a la'..'ycr. Snc say she no liiore had nothin;- to say s..o toiv^ ^'Olice already." i:r. Gdhar: and Kussian interpreter a.id i-ifs r.agazirie talk. 1 taoiv to Marina and he.it telli.ig ner, with r.y finp.ers, not to talk, iiot to talk to hussian interpreter, not the la:;, she has protection, so .larina Uiiderstands iir. Odnar. was . still there v;hen hobert entered tiie roor.;. Tnat is your son, rignt? My son, kobort. So Mr. Odnar.: said ne wanted ;.arina to ro dov:n to tne hhl headquarters because i;e wanted to questio;i Marina, so I said, "Robert, ti^ey been nere for about fifteen r.inutes and tney are trying to pus.: ne aside and I won't lot Marina go." "All rignt, all right, ilotner," ne said, "i>ir. Odhar., v;e have so!.ie rigiits ajid ny sistcr-in-lav: is net going wit. you. 4 he arc going to try to pet counsel in tnis case. S:ie is v/illing to cooperate, \ut I think it is good and v/c are taivinj; tnc cnildren v.'ith us", and Marina'says, "Yes, r.y children jjo where I co«" So we left and we i.'cnt to t.:o court house and stayed there and was able to talk to r..y son. U..on returuinn to tlie Adolpjius liotcl, whiclj \:o i.cre escorted by tiic policcrr.cn, wonderful protection so no reporters could r;et to us--tne police "went way out of t.iCir way to sec that we were not followed. V.'c f,ot to tnc Adoipnus i.otcl and no one ansv/ercd tnc door to wi»cre Life r.af.azino, v.'licrc we had our clotiics and suitcases and oaby dia:.ers--nc c;ic was tncrc. So the tv;o ];oliccr.:cn or detectives witn us was concerned and I didn't even knci-: if i nad t..c rif,..w door nur.bcr. Understand, I was confused. So tiien, frc.v. arounti tk.c corner car-e ti'.e Life ir.agazino r.-.an and 1 said, "Vjiat is hi;.;. Vixcy asKed--and I, foolisnly, ;iad never asked--tney aSiCed to see his creden- tials, and ne was a Life ::ia<;azine representative, but I now realize t.iat I could nave boon in anybody's nands. So we entered roorr. and tnc detectives left us with the ti»e i:.an after assured that he was Life r.ar.azine represen- tlicy tatii'c. Vnc Life r.ar;azine representative asked, "...:at arc you coins to do now?" And 1 said, "..ell, I understood tnat you were j'.oing to put r.c up in the hotel for two or tiircc days so I can be near r.iy son, for giving you tiie story." «:c sarcastically rer.;arkcd, "Vou i.avcn't f;iven ne anytiiin^ but tnc facts that are already knowj;", and I said, ""..'cli, could we stay here toni^iit?" This \.'as late in tlie afternoon; I did not knov; where uy son, i.obert, was. So tiicn a red- hcaued i..an, witn no coat, that I feel was fror.i Life r.iajiazinc --tney had an office on the ilth floor, we were on tnc 9th floor- -car.e into the bedroo;;. V/e nad '-..'O bcdroons and v;nen . I walked in tnis rediieaded naii was talking to this Life representative. Tiien j;c left. Tncn tnc Life representative said, "firs. Oswald, here is sonc ;noney." I didn't even look Commission Exhibit 270 —Continued 746 . . 27 nt t.iO ariounc. "..c ?rc noir.£ to novo you uccausc reporters arc on our trail anU v;e arc r.oirif. to take vou out away froi'ithc ncart of two city." I fcllo-.;cU suit anj'startocl I'.icuaa- ui. clotiics. I Jiiln't ask a^ain •..-cti.cr I a:n cloir." rif.at or ivy t:\iwj.. r. Tiic Life roi-.rcsc:itativc fror. Los /vii'^clcs tec. us uov/nstairs an J put us i- t;ic taxicab, took us out to t..o hxccutivo Inn, out c.^ tov;-., said i.c v;oulu uav fov lod.",iiifs for fv.-o or t:irc; tatives v.'c are tryiuf, to oc just ouiot an;: :iicc." lic'saiJ, 'Virs Oswald, I'd like to tal^c to your uau^.itcr-in-law. " I said ";-.r. Gdnai.!, I have cxr.lainid to you jcfore tnat <;/ oauphtcr- m-laiN.' is not talking to ar.yc;.c '..it:. out Icpal rc^.rcscntation nave never seen this nan ueforc. ;.e said, "Can v;c show tiiis picture to Marina?" I said, ";;r. please, we have Lu.iar.i, ucen under a terrible strain; the nii"! ixurses ti^e oaby: not toni^nt." /viid ne went away. '..'hat was his nanc? I did not know his name until I read in the paper. 'i.'hat was it in the paper, then? IcuLy iiubcnstcin. I was at this tir.c very upset because I roconnized the r.an that the VM and I right away say, "Since , they nave his picture the ni.f.ht before, \:hy then wa^: he so close to shoot ny sen." So I didn't pay too mucn attention at the tine of the nanc in the paper. Commission Exhibit 270 —Continued 747 2y This '.vas couclusio:; of iin interview jc-v/ccji Special Agent J. M iiov.-nrJ iirs . CJf.ar., tiic r.icti.cr of siiii iiarvcy Oai;ar.:7 1-ce .'sOt Od..a:.-.-'-coi*rcctio;i-- tiiat is, Cs'.'alci. Lcc liarvoy Oswald. Tnis iutcrvicvv took placu at tac Inn cf tLc Si;c rlajjs in Arlineton, Texas, on Xoverabcr 25 and 26, li)i^5. Commission Exhibit 270 —Continued 748 O o CO- 2-34, 050 TiE ASS/6SIXATI0\' GP PP^nSIDPAT iOIN^IIDY DALL-\S, Ti::o\s y^ Lcs Ilr.rvey Tape rccordir.^ of interview v/it|-. p,.-!icrt Lcc Osu-ald, brother of/:-:.-r,'cy-Lco Osw.iltl. RccnrcoJ o:i N'ovcr.'ocr 25, Yj(.1>, Intcr\'iov.-cr is Special ;Vcr.t J. M. I.'o'.-.'avilj U. S. Secret Scr\'icc, Dallas, Texas. Tnis recording is being nailc at Six I-ia(;S Inn >!otel, Arlir.^to;!, Texas. Tliis isan intcrvicv; witli Robert Lee Csv;ald, brother of Lee Harvey Osv.-ald, accusseU assassinator of President :rith him v/anting to return? A. Not to my knowledge; I do not believe she v;as at the time. Q, And w];at did you do in order to assist Lee in coming back to tiie United States? A. Well v:e did have a fairly regular cr regular correspondence back and forth. I believe it v/as taking cither ten days or two \;ecks for tlie interchange of letters, and he kept r.e posted on what progress he was Jnaking, I did not attcnpt to contact tJie State Departr.ent or am'body else. At the time I understood that my moth.er was doing that. I ivas, frat) time to time, contacted by an F3I agent, Mr. Fain (phonetic), Q. F-A-I-N', Fain? A, I believe that is correct. Q. In regard to his contact v.lth yai, what v:ere these contacts, what did he want to knai?? A, N!ostof the time and I believe with the exception of perhaps once it was all over the telepr.one and, there again, with exception of once, I believe h.c did contact me one tine at ny office in Fort l'.'orth--the rest of the time was at m)' residence in Fort '..'orth--and the line of cucstioning was v.-hat had I lieard from Leo and what orcgress and what was his plans as far as I could find out, Q, It is cur understanding that you contacted someone in New York upon I^e and his wife's arrival in the United States in order to send him money to come home. Is this true? Commission Exhibit 270 — Continued 751 4 - A. Tliat is correct, and I stated Lcc did keep r.e posted on the prcj^ress he v.'as r^nkinj. I believe it v/ns about a ncnth or scr.cthir.a equal to that length of time prior to lus departure that he indicated to r.e that cverytlunj v;as settled, that they weald he coins to >fosco=A' to pick up tlic necessary passports and papers, v.hatevcr it v.'as, th.at I v.'culd not hear from him a^ain ur.til he did reach the United States. Q, V.lio did ycu send Xhe money to ir. N'cw York? A. I cannot recall the exact naro of the or'^anization h;n: I do hclicve it v/asCity of .\'cw York or New York City l.'clfare Center or scnethin^ similar to that. Q. And they in turn "ot the Doncy to year brot;:cr? A. Rifjht. I was instnxted to send it to t''.on, to Lee Harvey's narnc in care of them, and they v,'ould jjivo the r.oncy to him, v.hich they did, Q. Did lie cone to Fort V'orth frcn Xc'-.* Yor!; then? A. They flev; by jet into Dallas hove Field at v.hidi tine my wife and nysclf picked them up and took then to our house in Fort L'ortli, Q. And he lived at ycur h.ousc v;ith ycu an*! your family and he and his family for how lon^? Vnoroxinatelv tvo rcnths. Q, During t'.iis time, did ycu notice any clianfjc in him as you remembered him before h.e i.'cnt to Russia? A. Mo, sir, I did not. He appeared to me at tl-sat tire to he the boy T have always kT.ov.-n, I do not recall at any time t!iat v.-e discussed any poli- tical vicu's. I will mention th.at he did ask me about wl-.etV.er or not I had knovu or had knowledge that ho did receive a dishoncrahle discliar^e from th.c U.Ii. ?larinc Corp. I said I h.ad read that in th.e paper, and he indica.tcd tlicn tl'.at he was coi-^3 ^o have that chanoed if h.e could, and I certainly a^rce with t'nat th.at it was advisable because it v;as m)' understanding that the reason that he did receive tl\is dislionorable dis- diar^e was tliat after he went to Russia on that basis denouncing his citizenship to the United States that that was the reason for the dis- honorable discliarge. Commission Exhibit 27(>— Continued 752 0. Do you l:nov.' w!io he ccntactcd in rc^anls to having his dishonorable clischarf-.c d'.anf.cci? A. The only one I knew that he r.cr.tior.cd directly to ire was John Connally, Q, Wos he Secretary of t!;e Navy at t!^r.c tine? A. I do not believe he vras, hecr.usc ho cither told uc or I actually read the ar.sv.'cr that he h.ad fon/ardcd to th.c Secretary of tlio Nav}' as he was no lonj^er in that office, and that th.cy v/ould I'.andlc it from there, Q. In otiicr words, at the tir:c tliat I.cc wrote to •tr. Connally, he thcught that ];e was Secretary' of the .\'av>', but he actually wasn't; he had already left the office; is that rif.ht? A. I'.n rencr.berin:'. a little bit more r,cM in relation to tluit. T^'Velievc that he had written the Sccretar/ of the '^'vy, Jo'ir. fonnallvf and if py menory scn'cs r.c rif/nt, he was in office w]icrr"ircc:~uid'writc th.c Secretary of the N'aw, .Tc];n Cor.nalh-; h.r.ucver, in between the tiros the correspondence v:crc ansv.'ercd tliat ho liad relinquished that office to run fcr Governor for th.c State of Texas. Q. And then the letter fron Mr. Connally advised hin that his request had been fon-.-arded to the State Dcpartncnt. Is that right? A. Or to the Office of the Secretary of tlic Xav^r. I do not know whether it was the State Department or to th.e t!icn Secretary of the Naw, Mr. Korth. Q, l.Tiat was Ixjg's reaction to the answer that he f.ot from Mr. Connally? A, I don't recall any sinnificancc or I just really don't renerfjer his reaction to that. He eitlicr told rr.e or I rend t;ic letter that he did receive. I cannot recall v.'liidi. 0, Did he receive anv other neu-s frcn '.'ashinfjton in regards to taking this disiionorablc disdiarge that you kncnv of? A, Not to vty l^nCTvled^e, he did not. Q. Did he ivritc to anyone else that vou know of? Commission Exhibit 270 — Continued 753 . / I ( I A. TnJs is by hearsay at t!\at tiro and since x1\q time of the President's death, John Kennedy, tliat he did xvrite or apparently wrote Jin 'r.'right, a Conf:rcsscian fron; Fort Wortii. Q, But you don's knw.' of hin ever witing to President Kennedy? A. No, sir, I !;nov/ of no letter he ever \/rotc to the President of the United States, Q. Did you know whether or not Lee had a rifle? A. At tlu-it tir.e? Q. Yes. A. To my knowlcd£c, he did literally carr)' in cverythin,<]; he o.-.-ned at that tine off the plane. Mo, I retract that. Tncy did have sor.e express that can;c fron Xcw York. It was all at the house. I feel certain that I saw every piece of it. Tnere was no rifle at tliat time, no weapon of any kind, Q, That's during the tine tha^ .lO was living with you in Fort V.'orth? A, That's correct, Q. After he left your ho"c, where did he go to live? A. He lived at for a period of approxirately a r.onth with my r.other in Fort V.'orth Q, Did you still have pretty good contacts and relations with hin? A, Yes, I certainly did, Q, IVhy did he novo fro.T. your hone? A. I do not recall any specific reason, ot'ier than I knop-; iny mother did v;ant hin and his \dfe to stay uitl\ then scne, and that v;ould be the only reason that I can think of, Q, And he then noved from your mother's hor.c. V/herc did he move to? Com MISSION Exhibit 270 —Continued 754 A. Tlicyrented a duplex across the street frcr. Montscnerv V.'ard in Fort Worth and I cnn't recall how Ions they were there; it wasn't very long. * Q. l-.licre did ho work during th.e tine tl-.at he was in Fort 'v'orth? A. I do not know of the firm. I x/as tl;cre once; it v;as a srxill tl:e nnn:c business that could ^atlier, located in a lar^e warehouse ofC t:->e I v/hitc settlcn-.ent street Cp^-onetic) in Fort i'ortlu Tno business v;as a type of nctal work. I believe their riain product was the retal venc- latin{» tliat goes on top of residences. Q. Is tliat the only place that he worked that you know of in Fort V.'orth? A. Yes. Q. And ho'v lone, overall, did he stay in Fort V.'orth, before roving? A. Tl;eyarrived there in .Tune of 1062, and the best I can rer.c-ber that he left Fort V.'ortih prior to T];anksrivinf; and I i;ould cstir^nte it to be tne very latter part of October or the early part of November. Q. Of 1962? A. Yes, of 1962. Q. Durinn th.e tire he was in Fort '.Vortli, do yai know '.-hetlier or not I;e was contacted or visited by any Federal A:;enc>' — any lav.-enforcecent agenq' connected with the Federal Coverr.r.-.cnt? A. Yes, I can recall only one tine tliat thev asked hin, and I believe I took orisinal call at ny residence fro;.; tlic F3I Bureau in Fort tl^.e '.ii'orth, and I do not recall, but I believe it was rir. Fain askin^ whether or not it was possible for lum to speak to Lee wliidi Lee a^reed^to do so. lie spoke to hin on tlic phone and they did set up an interview, I believe. at his office in Fort 'Vorth. Q. You were not present, then, when t]:e interview took place? A. Ko, I \v-as not. T recall that after I retunicd from work, I believe tJiat interview ivas the next day and after I returned from work the next dav, I asked Lee about it, and he said it was just ir.ore or less tlie sanie old Commission Exhibit 270 —Continued 755 ^!i^r^j^m^^^^':hi*.-^v-^^M thinp or sonct'iir.^ r.lonc thnt nature. !Ic oid Icurh nliout one oucstion in the utiy I recall the question t'lrit the Ancnt put to him^was he an A^cnt of tl;e Pco'cral Coverav.cnt tliat v;as sent to* Russia? i!e said he replied "Gh, don't you Icno:/', iind tliis l-.c lau^licd about, Q* ."Vnd where did he TiOVc to fron Port l.'ortV.? A. liemoved to Dallas, Texas. I never did have his apartrcnt residence address. Tv.'o or tlircc days after he ncvcd to Dallas I received a postcard frcm hin v/ith a post office box nur-bcr in Dallas, Q. Do you rcncnber this nirnbcr ofr.iar.d? - . A, I believe it was Post Office P.ox 29 1 3 )r Dallas, Texas. Q, And you never did knoi; u'liat h.is ac'.Jress vas in Dallas? A, No, sir, I did not, I ashed lun in r.y first letter, x>-hy tl^.c post office box or hav else could I contact hir., ar.d :";is reply in his letter v.'as that he was not settled and that lie hav'. .r.ot taken an apartr.ent or a residence to live in, tlvat he i.'culd retain this post office box v.'licrc I could always read\ him. Q, I sec. And did he correspond v;ith you rcsralarlv v;hile he was in Dallas? A, No, sir, he did not, Q, Hav lon£ was he t}\erc? A. - 9 - A. I nifht sny that fror. z]\c tire that he did nove from Fort IVorth. to Dallas and up until this Friday I received oith.er just three or four letters frc-n hiir. tliat v;cre scattered over a period of that time, very infrequent. Q. Did he ever r.ention to ycu tliat ho v;as distressed or upset about anything that liaJ happened to hin to the point v.r.erc he minht bcccxr.c violent? A. Xo, sir, he did not. /jid I rcstr.ts i?.y feelings at the tir.c that he returned to t!\e United States in th.o year,' 1C52, to r.e lie i-.-as the boy that I had always Inio'A'n, older, but still the sa^^c as far as I an concerned. Q. I see. You didn't knotv that he had r.cvcd to New Orleans for a short period of tLne, is th.at ri^ht? A. Since his return frcn Russia? Q. Yes, A. No sir, I \i^as not au-are of th.at. Q. I see. Do you };ncv/ this nan, ?!r. ralr.o, that v;as the landlord vr!iere Lee's wife, >tarina, v/as livinr;? A, I met ?'r. Paine previously at the Dallas Police Station Friday night, tlic night of the death of the Prcsivlent. Q. Tnat was Novcr.ber 22, 1963? A. 1963. \'ovcr.bcr 22, I r.ct hir. at the Dallas Police Station, at v:hich time ho and his wife, >!rS;_Pr:ir.'7'j i/cre takir.f^ Lee's wife, Marina, and ny mother, and their tv.'o snail d;ildrcn to their hone, v^. Did you have a discussion vdth hin at the tircc? A, N'o,sir, I did not. I really didn't \:r:a:' who he utxs until t.hey started to leave and then I was advised t-hat that v;as v/here Marina had been staying, at the Painos' residence. Q. Ycu didn't knov/ Mr. Paine any prior to tliis tine? A. Mo, sir, Q, Do ycu \z[\aw Jack Rubenstein? A, Mo, sir, I do not. Commission Exhibit 270 —Continued 757 - 10 - Q. Have you ever heard th?-t nar.e before? A. I I'.avc never Iieard that r.ar.e before. ri, Ya: h.-^ve been told tliat he is the person that shot yair brother at Dallas? A, Yes, sir, I have. Q. Do ycxj h.avc any idea as to what the reason v;as that >'pc of fii'eai-m. Q. I see. Did you ever do any shooting \dxl\ Lee or did ycu do any hunting or anytjiing of t!;at sort. A, Yes, sir, I do recall hunting v.'ith hin at one tir.c whid\ I do believe vas after .his release from tlic ^Iarine Corps. He stayed two or tJircc days in Fort '."orth. Q. This \vas prior to the tir.c he \\'ent to Russia? A. Tl:at iscorrect, and at that tiru3 we had gone to ny v.lfe's fa-nily's farm and h.ad taken Lee, and he and I and my brotiier-in-lavi did go rabbit and squirrel hunting. Commission Exhibit 270 — Continued 758 - 11 - Q. Did Lcc or did Lea's wife, or your cothcr say arJ)tl\in,'^ to you since the tir^c that Lcc returned to the United States frcir. Russia about th.c FSI or any ctlier Federal Anenc>' ccntactinr him in Dallas, or in Irvine? A. Could I hear that a^ain, please. Q. Do ycu !.ncw frc.-n your nothcr or from Lcc's v:ife, rbrina, v.-hstlier or rnot any Federal y\2cncy contacted him at cither Irving or Dallas in the vc nast few r.'.outlis? A. No, sir, I do not knov/ tl-.at otl:er than x.-hat I c/erheard today. I did not have any prior knov/led^e of any prior contact made by the Federal Bureau. Q. I see. And what ycu are referring to is v/hat Marina told nryself and Aijcnt Qiarlcs Kankel? A. That is correct, sir. Q. You didn't knoi/ about then trying to coiUact hin. A. Xo, sir. Q, Did you knov; whctlicr or not Leo belonged to any subversive organizations or any organizations in Dallas? A. N'o,sir, I was not aware of any t)'pe of organization tiiat he did belong to or v/as associated with. Q. Did you Icncw Khcth.cr or not he had contact or was receiving literature of any kind fron Russia? A. I believe that during the period tl'.at he was living at the duplex, across fran Montgcr.cry V/ard, prior to r.cving to Dallas, I believe at one ti!r.e that I v;as there I do recall seeing sor.e t>7ic of Russian magazine; whether or not it c-ine fron there or tliis was available at news stands, I do not knavT. y Q. Have you ever heard of an organization called "The Fair Play for Cuba f ' Cormitteo"? A. Not until tonight. T!-.erc, again, in relation to your intervieiv? with 5!arina, I never had heard of it before. Q. You did not knov; that Lee was connected v/itli this? A. No, sir, • Commission Exhibit 270 —Continued 759 - 12 - Q, All rij'.ht, Robert, wc v.'on't continue this too r.udi further bccnuse I don't feel like that you do have nny real inforr.aticn that nisht help us in this case, but, overall. Day I ask you, Co you know any Cubans? A. Xo, sir, I do not. Q. Do ycu know v/hetlier Lee kneu* any Cubans? A. No, sir, I do not. Q. Do ycu belong to any Cuban syr-pathizer organizations? A. Do I? Q. Yes. A, No, sir, Q. Do you know that Lee was? A, Xo, sir, I do not. Q, Is there anythin^j tl\at you can thir.!< of u^.at you nii^ht tell us tliat minht help us in putting this story tof.cther? A. sir, I cannot think of anytlur/'. that in any rcnotc possibility that 2\'o, waild be of service in tliis respect. If I did I would certainly give that inforr.vition. Q, You said sor.ctJiinc to r.e at the police dcpartr-.ent yesterday in regards to your feelinf^s to v.iiat has h.apponcd to President Kennedy. V^hat arc your feelings as far as what has happeiicd here? A. I an not recalling. Q. You re~cr^er, you asked me if I ix'ould relay the rcssasc to his wife? A. Yes. V.\o r.cssat'^e was scnerally ny deepest s)'npat!iy to Mrs. Kennedy and her fanily on the death of the President. Q, I see. C'v, Robert, thank you very irudi. How tall are ycu now? A. 5 feet, 11 1/2. Q. And hew much do you weigh? A. 150 pounds. Commission Exhibit 270 —Continued 760 - 13 . Q. And Viliat color is your hair? A, Bro'vn. Q. And your eyes? A. niue. Q, I see. Are you married? A. Yes. Q, '.'.liat is your wife's nar;e? A. Yada--V, as in Victor, a-d-a--?'-iric Osivald. Q. And how old is she? A. She is 25. Q. Do you have any diildrcn? A. Yes I do. Q. How many children do you have? A. I have two children— one fjirl tliat is six years old. Q. I'.Tiat is her na-T,e? A. Cathy ^farie Oswald, and my bey, ]:e is t^;o and a half years old and his naj7^ IS Robert, also. CkJMMissioN Exhibit 270— Continued 536 0-64 vol. XVI 50 7gl February 17, 1964 Mr. William A. McKenzie Attorney at I.aw 631 Fidelity Union Life Building Dallas, Texas Dear Mr. McKenzie: At my request, you are dictating this letter in the presence of myself, your secretary. Miss Joan Connelly, and your partner, Mr. Henry Baer. I have today retained you to represent roe as my attorney in connection with my appearance on Thursday, February 20, 1964, before the President's Commi- ssion, headed by Chief Justice Earl Warren of the Supreme Court. You have likewise been employed to represent me as my attorney in any other matters relating to the assassination of President John F. Kennedy and the subsequent death of my brother in which I may be involved. This letter shall constitute your full and unequivocal authority to release, give and tell the Federal Bureau of Investigation of the United States Department of Justice any and all evidence on all matters relating to or which may be uncovered" by yourself or told to you by me in connection with the death of President Kennedy and the death of my brother. I hereby grant you full authority to release any and all information whatsoever which I may give you or which may be told to you by me or others or which may be furnished to you in the form of documentary evi- dence of any nature to the Federal Bureau of Investigation in youii full and complete discretion. The purpose of this authorization being to make certain that all the facts which I have are known to the Federal Bureau of Investigation or any other Federal in- vestigative body to vdiich the Federal Bureau of Investigation is authorized to divulge information. Commission Exhibit 272 762 Page Two Mr. William A. McKenzie February 17, 1964 I deem this letter of authorization necessary in order that the truth may be fully developed and further by reason of the attorney-client relationship existing between us. In other vrords, I give you this full authorization to release any infor- mation so that there can be no question of ethics involved in your representation of me as my attorney. Further, you are authorized to furnish the President of the Dallas Bar Association as well as the Federal Bureau of Investigation a copy of this letter in cDnnection with your employment by me and my desire for the truth to be given to the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Very truly yours, Robert L. Oswald 1009 Sierra Drive Denton, Texas WITNESSED >an ConnelV# -4040 Travis, Tjallas, Texas i-^tZZ/Ayi^^J^^-^ Pete White, 4401 Beverly Drive, Dallas, Texas Commission Exhibit 272 —Continued 763 February 18, 1964 Mr. William A. McKenzie Attorney at Law 631 Fidelity Union Life Building Dallas, Texas Dear Mr. McKenzie: At my request, you are dictating this letter in the presence of myself, my friends, Mr. & Mrs. Declan P. Ford, with whom I am now living at their residence, 14057 Brookcrest Drive, Dallas, Texas, and your secre- - tary. Miss Joan Connelly, I have today retained you to represent me as my attorney in any matters, business or otherwise, relating to the assassina- tion of President John F. Kennedy and the subsequent death of my husband in which I may be involved. This letter shall constitute your full and unequivocal author- ity to release, give and tell the Federal Bureau of Investigation of the United States Department of Justice any and all evidence on any and all matters relating to or which may be uncovered by yourself or told to you by me or others in connection with the death of President Kennedy and the death of my husband or any other matters or facts involving my husband. I hereby grant you full authority to release any and all information what- soever which I may give you or which may be told to you by me or others or which may be furnished to you in the form of documentary evidence of any nature to the Federal Bureau of Investigation in your full and complete discretion. The purpose of this authorization being to make certain that all the facts which I have are known to the Federal Bureau of Investigation or any other Federal investigative body to v*»ich the Federal Bureau of Investigation is authorized to divulge information. I deem this letter of authorization necessary in order that the truth may be fully developed and further by reason of the attorney- client relationship existing between us. In other words, I give you this full authorization to release any information so that there can be no question of ethics Involved in your representation of roe as my attorney. Commission Exhibit 273 764 Page Two Mr. William A. McKensie February 18, 1964 Further, you are authorized to furnish the President of the Dallas Bar Association as well as the Federal Bureau of Investiga- tion, or any other Federal investigative agency or others in your com- plete discretion, a copy of this letter in connection with your employ- ment by me and my desire for the truth to be given to the Federal Bureau of Investigation and all other official agencies that are or may be in- volved or v^ich may be investigating me. My friend, Katherine Ford, the wife of Declan Ford, speaks both Russian and English fluently, and she has explained to me in Russian that this letter of authorization is a condition of your employment by me and the acceptance of the employment by you. I fully \inderstand the con- tents and the matters set out in this letter of authorization since Mrs. Ford has read the letter to roe in the Russian language, and the authorization granted in this letter is completely understood and is satisfactory to me In all regards. Very truly yours. Mrs. Marina N. Oswald 14057 Brookcrest Drive Dallas, Texas WITNESSED: Declan P. Ford, 14057 Brookcrest Drive, Dallas Katherine N. Ford, 14057 Brook(6rest Drive, Dallas y^';!t.-ny ^p^yt.'>^^,.^^^^<^ y^^n Connelly, 4040 TraVls, Dallas Commission Exhibit 273 — Continued 765 lAw orricu William A. McKenzie notLtrr union Lire suiLoiNa DALLAS 1. TKXAS RIVIMSIDC I-I20B AAKA COOK >t4 February 18, 1964 fir. Jaoies H. Kartln 11611 Fdrrar Dallas, Texas Dear Mr. Kartlnt PD Mrs. Marina N. Osv/ald has today furnished to mo a copy of a letter to you dated February lA, 1954, discharging you as her Jl business agent. At Mrs, Oswald's request, I am vriting you this letter as shown toy her acknov/ledgmont of the contents below. Mrs. Oswald has requested that I notify you that you hove no authority to enter into any agreement of any typo or nature for or in her behalf and that If you have entered into or signed any contracts purportedly in her behalf, that she considers same of no binding effect upon her. Z hereby make demand upon you for a full and complete accounting of all nonies received by you and dicbursements made together with any and all banking accounts which you have estab- lished for the benefit of Mrs, Os^vald and her children. It is jny understanding frora Mrs, Oswald that in addition to the bank accounts and trust accounts which have been established in Grand Prairie and Fort VJorth, Tciias, you have likewise established an account in the I First Citizens Bank of Dallas in the name of i-Iaria Martin and Janes H. Martin and that the monies on deposit in all accounts are ironies received as contributions for Mrs, Osv.^3ld and her children, Z shall bo glad to discuss this matter with you and your attorney at the earliest possible moment and I assure you that I hope this matter can be closed with tho least amount of publicity or embarrassment to yourself and Idrs. Oswald, Z am Bending a copy of this letter to Mr. John M, Thome for bis full understanding and Information. Very truly yours« Commission Exhibit 274 766 Page Two fir. aJexos 12, r:artln Petoruary 13, 1S54 Tho abovo nn*l forcv'ola^ letter has been read to riij In r.uc^lcin by r^o, Kathcrinc "orcl and 1 undcxatnxKl tha contents thcrcoil a Dd 1 est in iull agrccc:cnt <;/ith 6 pllanco thereof linz»:diatcly» WlTi:42S3SI>i /^ /2fe: ^5r 5, 1S&3. Katurally, I will furnioh you a copy of the revocation. Through J'jre. Ford, as interpreter, Tjro. Ocucld hao re- quested that you deliver to jr.© for Lcr all filco you have in connec- tion vith her affairs, together vLtl\ cry and oil pictures, docusicnts and parnphernnlia of any description vhich eho hao previously fur- niched to you, llro, Oswald has likcvlso aalicd v.q to ac}z you to furnleh co copies of ai^ inatru-cnts or contracts or other legal docuzacnts, if any, vhich yoa csy have signed for or oa l>chalf or Krs. Oswald and %^ilch might be Interpreted to ooligate her. ! At By request, tiro, Osvtsld hao signed this letter and Krs. Pord hao read the letter to h'xs. Oswald In Russian oo that Che fully understands the contents. In tho event you desire to discuss this cattor with mc, X Bhall be glad to discuss somo with you at our xautual convenience. Very truly yours, VlllianA. KcXeas KcRtjc Commission Exhibit 275 768 Itr.Jctji v.. Thorn© Fobruary 13, 1954 I havo bsd tho sbovo end £crc<;oii:g letter rcsd to tuo by J-Urs, I^thcrlno Ford In Russian end I tinuh!ic relations and advertising of any and all kinds in the furtherance of nny affairs; To bt- responsible f<.r all newa releases and/or press rrileases concerning my affairs, and tb<- deti-rmination of the proper tinne. place and events to be covered by such rolc-asos .ind/or public cappearances whether buniv be livc to. ii-.cv.a.wi; . t ui^,..» . .. u..•.;.-.. ... .. . .Advi'.i-, .^^... ^ ^ and conclude any agreennents with any employment agencies for enjiancments by nne and/or for the sale of any movie rights, magazine rights, books, riyhis, or any other medium or media desiring my appearance, story, picture or pirtures and which in youi •ole discretion is proper and advisable for me to undertake. You will authorize me and approve for and in my behalf an'u ^rv not I the event y.- f reiKireil to mak^ any loans or advances to me or for iv.y actonrt. b it ir. . Commission Exhibit 276 770 : ; December 6, 1963 Mr. James H. Martin Dallas, Texas Dear Mr. Martin I desire to obtain your services in my affairs ; I seek your advice, counsel, guidance, direction, instruction, suggestion, recommendation, initiative and decision in all of my personal and business affairs. You have agreed to so serve and act on my behalf and that of my children and in view thereof, we are agreed as follows : That I do hereby engage you as my personal manager for a period of ten years from this date, and that through and during this period and term hereof, you agree to perform for me one or more of the following services advise and counsel with me : in the selection of any and all business ventures which might be undertaken by me; Advise and counsel with me in any and all matters pertaining to publicity, public relations. and advertising of any and all kinds in the furtherance of my affairs; To be responsible for all news releases and/or press releases concerning my affairs, and the determination of the proper time, place and events to be covered by such releases and/or public appearances whether same be live for television or movie distribution. Advise, counsel and conclude any agreements with any employment agencies for engagements by me and/or for the sale of any movie rights, magazine rights, books, rights, or any other medium or media desiring my appearance, story, picture or pictures and which in your sole discretion is proper and advisable for me to undertake. You will authorize me and approve for and in my behalf and in your discretion and decision the following :Approve and permit the use of my name, photographs, likeness, voice, sound effects, caricatures, person for all publicity, advertising and the promotion of any and all ventures desired by you to be undertaken by me and for the performance by me of any appearance or services You are authorized, em- ; powered and directed by me to execute for me and in my name and stead and in my behalf, any and all agreements, documents, contracts for my services, talents, memoirs, history story, or otherwise; Collect and receive for me as well as to endorse my name thereupon, all checks, and all cash, payable to me for my services as above set out, and pay over such sums to my account after deducting therefrom any sum owing to you Encourage as well as discharge all documents for me and in my name ; You are not required to make any loans or advances to me or for my account, but in the event you Commission Exhibit 276 —Continued 771 do so, I shall repay them promptly, and I hereby authorize you to di-i.'ici the •itnount of any such loan or advances frum any sum you may receive tor ^ny -ii cuunt. I he powers, authority and rights herein f;iven to you by nne arc coupled with an it.terest in the subject matter of the agreement snd that such agreenncnt is ir revuK.tLiif during the term hereof. I agree at ail tinrtes to devote myself tu your wishes* and to do .ill thinKS necessary and desireable to promote my affairx and earnings thi-reiruii.. I shall :»ub- mit all offers of employment to you and will refer any inquiries cunci-rmn^ my service: to you. I shall instruct any agency engaged by me to rem:t to you .ill iiionier> tlictt may become due r-.ie and may be received by it. It is clearly underslooil ti. il you ure not an employment agent or theatrical agent, that you have not offered or accepted or pro- txtised to obtain employment or engagements for mc, and thai you an- not obligated, authorized or expected to do so. This agreement shall not be considered to create a partnership between us. It is specifically understood that you are acting hereunder as a personal contractor and you may appoint or engage any and all other persons, firms and curpor.itions through- out llie v>iu:lc in )u..i' dia«.rulioii tu (ervicfs. I agree to pay to you, as and when received by mc, during and throughout the terni hereo a sum agreed to be fifteen (15%) per cent of any and all monies or other consideration:! which I may receive as a result of my activities and all sums resulting from the use of my name, person or circunnstances and the results and proceeds thereof; the matters upon which you should be considered include any and all of the activities in connection with matters as follows: motion picture, television, radio, music, liier.iry, theatrical engagements, personal appearances, public appearances, records or recordings, pub- lications, both book, magazine, newspaper or otherwise, and the use of my name, likeness and circumstances for purposes oi advertising. I likewise .n;rce to p-iy you a " Commlai on Exhibit No. 276 Commission Exhibit 276 —Continued 772 ; do so, I shall repay them promptly, and I hereby authorize you to deduct the amount of any such loan or advances from any sum you may receive for any account. The powers, authority and rights herein given to you by me are coupled with an interest in the subject matter of the agreement and that such agreement is irrevokable during the term hereof. I agree at all times to devote myself to your wishes and to do all things necessary and desireable to promote my affairs and earnings thereiron. .I shall submit all offers of employment to you and will refer any inquiries concerning my services to you. I shall instruct any agency engaged by me to remit to you all monies that may become due me and may be received by it. It is clearly understood that you are not an employment agent or theatrical agent, that you have offered or accepted or promised to obtain employment or engagements for me, and that you are not obligated, authorized or expected to do so. This agreement shall not be considered to create a partnership between us. It is specifically understood that you are acting hereunder as a personal contractor and you may appoint or engage any and all other persons, firms and corporations through- out the world in your discretion to perform any or all of the services which you have agreed to i)erform hereunder. Your services hereunder are not exclusive and you are at all times free to perform the same or similar performances for others as well as engage in any and all other business activities. You shall only be requested to render reasonalbe services which are called for by this agreement as and when reason- ably requested by me. You shall not be required to deliver or to meet with me at any particular place or places except in your decision. In connection for your services, I agree to pay to you, as and when received by me, during and throughout the term hereof a sum agreed to be fifteen (15%) per cent of any and all monies or other considerations which I may receive as a result of my activities and all sums resulting from the use of my name, person or circumstances and the results and proceeds thereof the matters upon which you should be considered include any and all of the activities in connection with matters as follows motion picture, television, radio, music, literary, : theatrical engagements, personal appearances, public appearances, records or record- ings, publications, both book, magazine, newspaper or otherwise, and the use of my name, likeness and circumstances for purj)oses of advertising. I likewise agree to pay you a Commission Exhibit 276 —Continued 773 • imllar sum following the expiration of the term hereof upon and with respect to any am all engagementa, contracts and agreements written into during the term h.rrof n-lating to me of the foregoing and upon any and all understandings, renewals and substitutions thereupon and upon any resumes of such engagements, contracts and agreements which may have been discontinued during the term hereof and resume within a year thereafter The term shall include, without limitations, salaries, earnings, fees, royalties. ^ITtat bonus, shares of profits, shares of stock, percentages of interest, pcrcenl^i^e and the percentages amount paid for a package television or radio program (live or recorded), book and/or magazine rights and royalties, motion picture or other cntertasnmt-nt packages, earned or received directly or indirectly by me or my heirs, executors, administers or assigns, or by any other person. In the event that I receive, as all or part of my combination for Activiiius hereunder, stock or the right to buy stock in any corporation or that I b.-come the owne of all or part of any entertainment property, stock holder ship, propritor, ptartncr or otherwise, your percentage shall apply to my said stock, right to buy stock, partner- ship or r.t»...r f'.rrr of int -ro s: . i-v* yo t sh il! '••• «n'-''i-' t, j ....;•.; ^ .': .rj '.L^rc of. Should I be required to make any payment for such interest, you will pay your percentage share of such, unless you do not want your percentage share thereof. This agreement shall be deemed to be executed in the State of Texas and shall be subject to the laws of said State in the event any provision hereof shall for any reason be illegal or unenforcible then, or in any such event, the sanic shall not affect the remaining protions and provisions hereof. It is understood that I have employed the services of the firni of Thornc and Lieech, Attorneys at I^w, and it is agreed that you will use the services oi such attorneys as such services may be required by you. This agreement is the only agreement of the parties and there is no other or collateral agreement (oral or written) between the parties in any manner relating to the subject matter hereof. If the foregoing meets with your approval, please indicate your acceptance and agreement by signing in the space provided: Ve'ry truly yours. Mrs, Marina N. Oswald Conunlition ElxhiUt No. 276 Commission Exhibit 276 — Continued 774 : similar sum following the expiration of the tei-m hereof upon and with respect to any and all engagements, contracts and agreements written into during the term hereof relating to me of the foregoing and upon any and all imderstandings, renewals and substitutions thereupon and uix)u any resumes of such engagements, contracts and agreements which may have been discontinued during the term hereof and resume within a year thereafter. The term shall include, without limitations, salaries, earn- ings, fees, royalties, bonus, shares of profits, shares of stock, percentages of interest, percentage and the percentages amount paid for a package television or radio program (live or recorded), book and/or magazine rights and royalties, motion picture or other entertainment packages, earned or received directly or indirectly by me or my heirs, executors, administers or assigns, or by any other person. In the event that I receive, as all or part of my combination for activities hereunder, stock or the right to buy stock in any corporation or that I become the owner of all or part of any entertainment property, stock holdership, propritor, partner or otherwise, your percentage shall apply to my said stock, right to buy stock, partnership or other form of interest, and you shall be entitled to your percentage share thereof. Should I be required to make any payment for such interest, you will pay your percentage share of such, unless you do not want your percentage share thereof. This agreement shall be deemed to be executed in the State of Texas and shall be subject to the laws of said State in the event any provision hereof shall for any reason be illegal or unenforcible then, or in any such event, the same shall not affect the remaining protions and provisions hereof. It is understood that I have employed the services of the firm of Thorne and Leech, Attorneys at Law, and it is agreed that you will use the services of such attorneys as such services may be required by you. This agreement is the only agreement of the parties and there is no other or col- lateral agreement (oral or written) between the parties in any manner relating to the subject matter thereof. If the foregoing meets with your approval please indicate your acceptance and agreement by signing in the space provided Very truly yours, Mrs. Marina N. Oswald Mrs. Marina N. Oswald Commission Exhibit 276 —Continued 775 i Witnessed: Approved: Approvaa: p ames H. Martin, Wanajar Approved as to Form: <(hn M. Thorne, Atortsjr •-' Cormntaaion Exhibit No. 276 \ I I —i r ~ ! , - .- |,| .— -,. Commission Exhibit 276— Continued 776 1 : : : Witnessed Robert L. Oswald Approved James H. Martin James H. Martin, Manager Approved as to Form John M. Thome John M. Thorne, Attorney Commission Exhibit 276 —Continued 740-536 0-64 vol. XVI 5 T77 THE STATE OF TEXAS ) ^^^P ) KNOW ALL, MEN BY THESE PRESENTS: COUNTY OF DALLAS ) For and in coneideratlon of the scrvicus to bo rendered in my behalf by Robert Oswald in the adnnitxistration of my pergonal and business affairs, as is hereinafter sot out, I, Mrs. Marina N. Oswald, a widow, do by these presents bargain, acclgn, transfer and convey to the said Robert Oswald, an undivided ten (10%) per cent of all increase In the truat funds that arc being presently donated to my account, and ten (10%) per cent on all of the funds received by me as a matter of engagements by me, contracts or agreements for the use of my name, photographs, likeness, voice, sound effects, caricatures, publicity, advertising, and the promotion of aU ventures for purposes of sale of movie rights, book rights, pictures, magazine rights, andall other media wherein because of my name, person or circumstances, an engagement i J obtained and proceeds derived therefrom; That such a grant as is here made shall be perpetual; That for such percentage aa is herein and hereby assigned, the said . Robert Oswald shall act as my assistant busin'jss agent and manager and in all things subscribe to aid and assist JaxTics I-L Martin in the carrying out of his duties as Manager; That as such Assistant Manager, Robert Oswald shall act in my behalf in tl» absezxce of the said James H. Martin, due to the inability of said Martin to serve due to death, disability or Incapacity; That in that event, said Robert Oswald • hall be char^-able as my agent and shall assume and ascend to all of the duties and obligations as well of the said James H. Martin. That said Robert Oswald does agree that he will devote as much time as !• necessary to my affairs in the furtherance of my business as I deem necessary and adviseable and in his discretion and to the best of his ability, he wUl advise and counsel with me at such time and such places as are convenient to both of us. That the consideration and monies received by me and of which I have herewith assign . ,> Robert Oswald an undivided 10% shall include without limit- ation, salaries, earxdngs, fees, royalUea, bonus, shares, of profits, shares of stock, percent- ja of Interest, porcenUge and the percentages of amount paid for a package tolovtsioa, or radio program (live or recorded), book and/or ma^^asino righto and / Commission Exhibit 277 778 , royalties, motion pldure and other entertainment packages, earned or rocoivcd directly or indirectly by mo or my heirs, executors, administrators or assigns, or by any other per 3 on. It is understood that I have employed the acrvices of the firm of Thornc and Leech, Attornsys at I>av/, and it is agreed that their services will bo available at all times to the said Robert Ocwald and that he v/111 use same as required by him. Executed by the undersigned parties, tMs the 9th day of December, A. D. 1963. Robert Oswald '=*^ Mrs. Marina N. Oswald Approved as to foma: ohii hU Thome, Attorney 2^n(\e5 H. Martin (_^ Commission Exhibit 277 —Continued 779 INVESTMENT AGENCY AGREEMENT This Agreement entered into this ;"» day of ^_ . 19 • , by and between Jcha t-t. TLorao cr.i Jrrr.oa H. / ^f D^Ilna County. Texas, hereinafter referred to as Prinopal, and The Firat National Bank of. Fort Worth, hereinafter rclcrrctl to as Agont. WITNESSETH: Principal has made, constituted and appointed, and does hereby make, constitute and appoint Agent as his true and lawful attorney with respect to the bonds, shares of stock and/or other securities represented by the certificates listed in Exhibit "A" and with respect to ai«, cash listed thereon (•aid Exhibit "A" being hereto attached and made a part hercoO all of which bonds, certificates and/or cash have been delivered to and deposited w*ih Agent contemporaneously with the execution o. this agreement; and in connec- tion with such properties. Agent shall, in Principal's name, place and stead: 1. At Agent's option, transfer and assign said bond;>, stocks and/or other securities to Agent's nominee and do all necessary acts in conn<.-c(ion therewith, including the power to deliver the certificates representing such securities, to endorse thereon the assignment, and. in the case of shares of stock, to transfer and do all acts proper to accomplish the transfer of such shares on the books of the respective corporation or corporations. 2. Execute promptly any and all orders which Principal may >;ive with respect to the sale, assignment, transfer or redennption of securities held pursuant to this agency agreement; hold the proceeds of any such sale or redennption for the benefit of Principal, after ueducting from such i>ronds, i stocks or other securities as Principal may dirc^rt. registering; all of sui h Commission Exhibit 278 780 •ecurities so purchased either in the nanie of Principal or of Ag^^rit'.^ nominee and otherwise holding them in accordance with the terms oi this a|>rvpect to shares of stock held pursuant to this agreement or otherwise distributed with respect to any of the securities held hereunder. 5. Distribute to Principal pursuant to his written direction, within a reasonable time after receipt thereof, any or all of the cash or securities heid.pursuant to this agreement, and, if rccessary at the tinne of such distribution, to effect the transfer and assignment of any securities fr>im the name of Agent's nominee to tne name of Principal or his norrsinoi-. 6. Receive and hold pursuant to the ternns of this agrcinient any other cash or securities which Principal may, with Agent's consent, deliver and deposit with Agent, subject to the terms hereof, such additions being evidenced by attaching to Exhibit "A" hereof supplements which shall U.st any additional cash or bonds, shares of slock or other securities mailo sub- ject to this agreement, which supplements to Exhibit "A" shall become a part of this agreement for all purposes as soon as attached hereto by the mutual consent of Principal and Agent. Principal does hereby give and grant unto Agent full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing whatso<.\er necessary Commission Exhibit 278 —Continued T81 and requisite to be done in the premibcs. as fully and to al! intents and purposes as Principal might or could do if personally present, and docs hereby give and grant unto Agent full power to substitute one or more attorneys under said Agent in or concerning the prenriises or any part thereof, and Principal does hereby ratify and confirnn whatsoever said Agent or his substitute may or shall do by virtue hereof in the premises, prior to revocation by Principal. Agent shall receive as fees for its services 9uch sunns ai> may be mutually agreed upon with Principal, and such fees shall be consid«Toc! neces- sary expenses incurred for which Agent shall be entitled to reimbursement out of either principal or income. This agreement may be amended at any time by mutual agreement of the parties and may be terminated or revoked by either Agent or Principal by giving thirty (30) days' notice in writing to. the other party of such termin- ation or revocation, whereupon Agent shall be reimbursed for all necessary coats and expenses incurred and shall deliver to Principal the balance of all cash and all securities held by it pursuant to this agreement, and, if necessary, hall effect transfer of any securities from the name of its nominee to Principal or his nominee, and shall thereupon be relieved of all further responsibility hereunder. I V For the purpose of any written notices required by this agrt-cmeni to I Cany party, the address of the Principal shall be until notice in writing of a change of address has been delivered to Agent, and Agent's addres.s for all pi'.rpuses •hall be Trust Department. The First National Bank cl Fort Worth. Fort Worth. THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF FORT WORTH Vico prcs:ier.» dr.d Trurt Ol i : : Agent •3- Commission Exhibit 278 — Continued 782 SCHEDULE "A" Cash $25,000.00 Commission Exhibit 278 —Continued 783 Trust Department The First National Bank of Fort Worth Fort Worth. Texas Centlenrten: You are now acting as Agent for me pursuant to the terms of an Investment Agency Agreement executed on the day of . 19 feS ,under the terms of which you. as Agent, are holding for me. as Principal, cash and certain bonds, stocks and/or other securities either in my name or in the name of your nominee, to be held or disposed of on my advice and direction. Until further notice in writing is given to you by me. you are hereby authorized to use your own discretion and to act on my behalf without further advice or direction by me with respect to the sale, assign- ment, transfer or redemption of any securitien held by you pursuant to the aforementioned Investment Agency Agreennent and to invest and reinvest, in your discretion, any cash balance held by you pursuant to the Investment Agency Agreement in any securities of your own selection without any further advice or direction by me. It is hereby expressly understood and agreed that you shall not be held liable or responsible in any way for any losses incurred by reason of investnnents made by you in good faith pursuant to the authority granted by this letter or with respect to any loss on prospective profit incurred by reason of any sale, assignment or redemption of securities pursuant to- the authority hereby granted to you. Yours very truly. Joha M. Thorao, Co«Truo?co Received: J&snao H. Kiartlat Co*Tructeo PRSt'ClPAL The First National Bank of Fort Worth By Vice President and Trust Officer Date: Commission Exhibit 278 —Continued 784 I » • i. J THE STATE OF TEXAS ) ti ' ) KN'OW AiiLMEN BY THKSF. ri. ': COUNTY OF DALLAS ) I •, i i- '1 That for and In conaideration of the legal •ervice renricrfV .f^ x , h- \ ! II rendered for the undcrBigned by the firm of THORNE AND LEECH. A'.u>t :.. ys a;. ' i ' '• Counsellors at Law, in the handling of n^y business and affairs ari6:r.^ 'v:; : and .n any way connected with any collections, tr-.-t f"--i5. ;^'II>, beqaceta. •CLl"_r_"ji,*_x^:51 " <' y^' ... .-^ real or personal property, and/or any contracts for persctukl appearance ' book rights,- movie rights, story rights, or any other media and t]\e hnniUing of any clalzn or claims that I might have in any way connected therewith. . Thereby bargain, transfer, sell and assign an undivided ten (IC7)) per cent of all such suma when collected or paid to my account. IT IS UNDERSTOOD .VND AGREED that said attorneys shall exclusively handle all my business affairs and advise and counsel with me and my agents concerning same at any tiui<:^ ) Thl» TRUST ACKZBMZliT roada. ex9cut«vi aad dolivcrad m tTalla* County, Tcx&». on Cho 30th d&y of Docsmbor, 1963. by and baor. iMAT'l>:A NICHOLAEVNA 03WALX>, a widow, hereinafter colUd Iho CHANTOil, i^d JOHN M. THORNE aod JAM^uS H. MARTL^I. of DaU&» Cocnty. Tcxai«. CO- TRUSTEE:}. h,4r da«crlb«d on ichadule 'A" attached horoto a&d Incorporated h«rowltn. and tho Crimtor, or any :>K\cx p«r*u trust, •t hereinafter set fortbj NOW, TK£R£FORe. Che parties hereto nr.utcaiiy agree ax follovo: ^^^^K 1. 1h* Trustoo shall held the trust est.-iSe, upon trust; ai:d (a) DarlAj; the UfetlrDe of the Grantor, the Trustue ehall, (quarterly or oftener la Ita discretion, pay over tht net incun-io. if ..n/ Arising front the trust estate to the Gr«intor, or m&Va such other ai«pj:itioa thereof aa the Grantor ait.y by written Mtatemeot delivered to th« Vruutoe at %af time or frozn time CO dine direct. Nocvrithstanding th« for«f oL'.j provisions, whenever tha Trustee de«trns it advisable bscaut^ of tK« ill health Commission Exhibit 280 787 : : : : THE OSWALD TRUST The State of Texas, County of Dallas, know all men by these presents This TRUST AGREEMENT made, executed and delivered in Dallas County, Texas, on the 30th day of December, 1963, by and between MARINA NICHOLAEVNA OSWALD, a widow, hereinafter called the GRANTOR, and JOHN M. THORNE and JAMES H. MARTIN, of Dallas County, Texas, CO-TRUSTEES, hereinafter called the TRUSTEE WITNESSETH THAT WHEREAS the Grantor has transferred certain personal property to the Trustee, which property is described on Schedule "A" attached hereto and incor- porated herewith, and the Grantor, or any other persons, groups or associations, may hereafter transfer additional property to the Trustee and ; WHEREAS, the Grantor desires that the property mentioned in the preceding paragraph (the same, together with the investments, reinvestments and accumulations thereof as from time to time constituted and remaining, being hereinafter referred to as "the trust estate") shall be held, upon trust, as hereinafter set forth: NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto mutually agree as follows 1. The Trustee shall hold the trust estate, upon trust and ; (a) During the lifetime of the Grantor, the Trustee shall, quarterly or oftener in its discretion, pay over the net income, if any arising from the trust estate to the Grantor, or make such other disposition thereof as the Grantor may by written state- ment delivered to the Trustee at any time or from time to time direct. Notwith- standing the foregoing provisions, whenever the Trustee deems it advisable because of the ill health Commission Exhibit 280 — Continued 788 of Uia GrAotor or ios oti'^r caut.», tit Truct«o darlna th« iU«tln-x<> of l.x« Grantor n>4y, i9*:««d oi payicj ti»o ectlro oat uicoaso to t^e Gr«.i:or. p-'.y orar to hor or Appiy '>>r hor ouscfit. «a irmch o/ Uk4 ritt i2cotr.« ari^iny ie^r:\ tho Crust ««U:o, xo4 »!».; oiay piy tu aar or ayply for h«x \r^au;it, »ri Kiaci; of the corpu* of the truct ottat* &« the 7ra«tea ahAll Ia eithor ca*« in a* uaccx^roUcd «U«cx«tioa « adcl'Sd to, form a pftrt of, cni. follow Iho dt»tix>iilon of li^t corpus of the trust ectata. Toe term "set lacoana" shall ^ daemtd to toice t,o j^ross iacoane aut^r ceductiaj thorefrcm all ehar^as a&d «xp«&*<« prvporl/ caar^oabis to Ineomo. (b) The Truatee shall be au':{>orl4>>d snd 1« j^«r«l>y diract^a. if so r«qu«s:od b/ the EIrecutor or Aoialnlatratur oi the Crantcr'c ou:.\tc, to pay any fedaral estate, state lr.^orita^ca or ether death taxttt >*hl«:h may t>« dua upca the dfi«e years. If tht Grantor's daa^ntera at iht t'.me a Commission Exhibit 280 — Continued 789 : of the Grantor or for other cause, the Trustee during the lifetime of the Grantor may. instead of paying the entire net income to the Grantor, pay over to her or apply for her benefit, so much of the net income arising from the trust estate, and also may pay to her or apply for her benefit, so much of the corpus of the trust estate as the Trustee shall in either case in its uncontrolled discretion deem advisable in all the circumstances in order to provide for the care, maintenance and support or for the welfare in other respects of the Grantor and any net income not so paid or ; applied under the foregoing provisions of this paragraph shall be accumulated, and the accumulations shall be added to, form a part of, and follow the destination of the corpus of the trust estate. The term "net income" shall be deemed to refer to gross income after deducting therefrom all charges and expenses properly chargeable to income. (b) The Trustee shall be authorized and is hereby directed, if so requested by the Executor or Administrator of the Grantor's estate, to pay any federal estate, state inheritances or other death taxes which may be due upon the death of the Grantor by reason of the inclusion in the Grantor's taxable estate of the trust properties constituting this trust. The Trustee shall further be authorized in its discretion to pay the funeral expenses and expenses of administration of the Grantor. (c) Upon the death of the Grantor, the Trustee shall, subject to the provisions of paragraph (b) above, transfer, convey and pay over the trust estate absolutely as follows The residue of the trust estate then remaining at the time of the Grantor's death shall be divided intotwo equal parts and one part distributed to June Lee Oswald and one part to Audroy Marina Rachal Oswald, daughters of the Grantor, provided such children at that time shall have attained the age of twenty-five years. If the Grantor's daughters at the time -2- CoMMissioN Exhibit 280 —Continued 790 of tb» d«»th of ch« Grantor have aot att^ic^jd tbo a;to of twen:y-/ive /c&ra. tho 7ruat«« ii dirocted to p&rtltlon ths principcl of tho truot Icto two fcoparate truat funds, oaa for the bonoXU of each of the two aaid d&u^h£ar«, jizni ^hall distribute so much of tho lncozn« and/ or principal aa the Truttes in Mm kole discretion may deem desirable for the support, roalstenance. benefit. r.;cdlcai or omerjsncy care of the said beceflclarios. As soon as each beaciiciur/ 4hall attain the age of twenty-five, the Truotoo shall deliver h<>r charn of the trust principal to said benei'iclary. and. as to that child's iihare, her truct •hall terminate. y.^. (d) If either of the daughters of the said Grantor th&ll alu before receiving her share of the trust corpus, then the residue of the truot o( uuch docedent shall pass to and be cier;;ed with the trust of the surviving J2.u^hter of the said Grantor. (•) In the event of the death of the Grantor and both (l;xu^h:ers of the Grantor prior to the time that the trusts herein created hava t-son distributed ae herein provided, then and m that ovsnt all the propcrtieu contained in any of the trusts herein created shall b^ consoiidatQd tueo one trust wh'.ch shall bo kno%7n as tho "Marina Oswald ^ndovcnent Trutt. * The Trustee shall use the income or principal of such Endowoiarut Trust, a in its sole discretion It daotna desirable, to provide a loan fund to r-iakc lojns to deserving and needy students who desire to attend coUega for tho purpose of studying Pharmacy and who are seeking to attain a decree ia P.'-.arnr.acy from any accredited eolloQe or university in the United :i.tates of AjT^crica. The Trustee shall have sole discretion in selection of the student j, la^a schools attended, and the manner in which the loans are iTiade, in event the riodowoect Trust shodd be eutstblJuh^o tvadur the terms r.ereinaVo\-r.- i,ti forth. 2. The Trustee la hereby authorised and eropgiwured (> excrclcu all powers and authorUations which bb would have under the Te:(as Trust Act - Commission Exhibit No, 280 AH •J- Commission Exhibit 280 *~ — Continued 791 of the death of the Grantor have not attained the age of twenty-five years, the Trustee is directed to partition the principal of the trust into two separate trust funds, one for the benefit of each of the two said daughters, and shall distribute so much of the income and/or principal as the Trustee in his sole discretion may deem desirable for the support, maintenance, benefit, medical or emergency care of the said beneficiaries. As soon as each beneficiary shall attain the age of twenty-five, the Trustee shall deliver her share of the trust principal to said beneficiary, and, as to that child's share, her trust shall terminate. (d) If either of the daughters of the said Grantor shall die before receiving her share of the trust corpus, then the residue of the trust of such decedent shall pass to and be merged with the trust of the surviving daughter of the said Grantor. (e) In the event of the death of the Grantor and both daughters of the Grantor prior to the time that the trusts herein created have been distributed as herein provided, then and in that event all the properties contained in any of the trusts herein created shall be consolidated into one trust which shall be known as the "Marina Oswald Endow- ment Trust." The Trustee shall use the income or principal of such Endowment Trust, as in its sole discretion it deems desirable, to provide a loan fund to make loans to de- serving and needy students who desire to attend college for the purpose of studying Pharmacy and who are seeking to attain a degree in Pharmacy from any accredited college or university in the United States of America. The Trustee shall have sole discretion in selection of the students, the schools attended, and the manner in which the loans are made, in event the Endowment Trust should be established under the terms hereinabove set forth. 2. The Trustee is hereby authorized and empowered to exercise all powers and au- thorizations which he would have under the Texas Trust Act - 3 - Commission Exhibit 280 —Continued 792 . •• such act exists at tbe ttxno of the ox«cu:ioa of thl> A^reoxnon: cr z% it may beroaft«r b« AxaczMlad. la addition thereto, but net in llinitatioa :.*.sr<>of. th« Trustee la authorixed, empowered and directed to cro&te an ^zovlC/ asreetnent . by and between the Traatee and The rir«t NaticxusI Book of Fort Vi'ort.^ wUaroby the Trustee shall be the Principal end said bank shall bo the Agent for the I Principal to Invest the funds of the trust estate, or an/ part therauf, in common : stocks, v^hether income producing or not. oven though they may cocscitute all or an unduly lirga portion of the trust eittate and also in an/ cumtr.:>n trust fund Adaoiolstered by the corporate Agent evon though said corr.rr.on trust L^^jil may coasiet wholly of each ccxxvzxion stocks, and to pay said corporate A;ient reasonable compensation for its aerricea against principal or income or pertiy a,';am4t each. making ftn annual charge against priacipul in a reasonable arr.our.t if h£ sees fit. Likewise, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive reasonsblo coxr.>>e.t^ation ftad expenses for Trustee's services. i. No Trustee of the trusts under this Agreement shall be required to furnish any bond or surety for the faithful performance of its dutxea as such Trustee. Any Trustee may resign by instrument in wruin^ duly ackr.owled$ed and doliv- *:d to the Grantor. If any Trustee should resign or khould ta at •ay time caase to act as such Trustee, then the Grantor may appcLnt a successor Trustee of the trusts created by this Agreement, by an instruxr.ont i:: -^rUing delivered to and accepted by such successor Trustee. 4. This trust shall bo irrevocable, and all property tra:naferred to the Trustee by or for the benefit of the Grantor, and all prop<«rt/ vktiich !• received by the Trustee for or on behalf of the Grantor, shall !>e Kubjoct to the term* of this Agreement. 5. No portioa of the interest of any beneficiary named in paragraph i; (c) of Article 1 shall be in any respect assignable or be subject in any inxiner | to any Indsbtedness, Judgment, attachment, gamishmflc^, ex9cutli>n, legal 1 ... CoRunieaion Exhibit No. 280 •4- .^^*flf».- -.'-W i*^Kf-^'^VJ\''x::. Commission Exhibit 280 — Continued K)-536 0-64 vol. XVI 52 793 as such act exists at the time of the execution of this Agreement or as it may hereafter be amended. In addition thereto, but not in limitation thereof, the Tnistee is au- thorized, empowered and directed to create an agency agreement by and between the Trustee and The First National Bank of Fort Worth whereby the Trustee shall be the Principal and said bank shall be the Agent for the Principal to invest the funds of the trust estate, or any part thereof, in common stocks, whether income producing or not, even though they may constitute all or an unduly large portion of the trust estate and also in any common trust fund administered by the corporate Agent even though said common trust fund may consist wholly of such common stoc-ks, and to pay said corpo- rate Agent reasonable compensation for its services against principal in a reasonable amount if he sees fit. Likewise, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive reasonable compensation and exi^enses for Trustee's services. 3. No Trustee of the trusts under this Agreement shall be required to furnish any bond or sui-ety for the faithful performance of its duties as such Trustee. Any Trustee may resign by instrument in writing duly acknowledged and delivered to the Grantor. If any Trustee should resign or should he at any time cease to act as .such Trustee, then the Grantor may appoint a successor Trustee of the trusts created by this Agree- ment, by an instrument in writing delivered to and accepted by such successor Tru.stee. 4. This trust shall be irrevocable, and all property transferred to the Trustee by or for the benefit of the Grantor, and all property which is received by the Trustee for or on behalf of the Grantor, shall be subject to the terms of this Agreement. 5. No portion of the interest of any beneficiary named in paragraph (c) of Article 1 shall be in any respect assignable or be subject in any manner to any indebtedness, judgment, attachment, garnishment, execution, legal - 4 - Commission Exhibit 280 —Continued 794 procats or cncuxabraaco whatsoevor of or A^aiaat th« prop«rty of k&y such beiMflclAry. or b« In any manner attoctdd by any transfer, asalj^tunea:. sale. encumbrance or act, anticipatory or oti^anEriaa, of any of such b«a4flcl2.ria0. WITNESS tho execution hereof oa the day and year first above written. Marixta Nichols.eviia Oswald CyvAKlOR John M. Thome James li. Martin CO-TRUSrilES Witnese Witaeas Comzniasion Exhi bit No. 280 •5- Commission Exhibit 280 —Continued 795 process or encumbrance whatsoever of or against the property of any such beneficiary, or be in any manner affected by any transfer, assignment, sale, encumbrance or act, anticipatory or otherv\'ise, of any of such beneficiaries. WITNESS the execution hereof on the day and year first above written. Marina Nicholaevna Oswald GRANTOR John M. Thorne James J. Martin COTRUSTEES Witness Witness - 5 - Commission Exhibit 280 — Continued 796 1 THE STATi: OF TEXAS ) COUNTY OF DALLAS ) St^FOnX I4J£, th« uadartl^aedf a Notary Publlv la and /or Jtai4 Couxxty «s4 &t*t«, persooAlly »ppo«rod MAIlCiA NICHOJ^£VXA OS\\ ALU. .* vldov, known to ma to b« the i^ruoa whoca oa£.v« is subbcritcU ta t-.v for*£OlAf la«tru»ex)t, and &cknowIud;(od to mo that «h« cx^cutfd tha •urns £or tii« purposto And co&«id«>ratIc& tc«roin e.vpr*»«4d. ClViS^ OWOxJl WY HAUD ANIi ^iilAL OF OniC*;. lA.f tuc _^^ CJiy^ J: r,»rY , 196*. KoCAry PaMic tn «s»d i«r lj*l:.>-f THE STATE OF TEXAS | COUNTY OF DALLAS ) BEFO&E ME. eh« ood«ralj;ned. a Notary Ir^abUc U acd Icr caid Co«iUy add £ta««, p«rfloaaUy appoarod JOHN M. THOilNs: and JAi-AZ'- H. IXARtDi, knowra to mo to b9 tbo per«oa« wbc»*« ejixn«» ars «utiicl^.'/ Utt.'cin •t»tad. taViCK UXOE8. WV iLXND AND £.i:jVL OF OFFICE, tbl* f.vt -.. ty;y o| J«'.w -»rv ^ iyfc^. KoCary PuMic iz, aad for IJa:.>i> Couxit/. Texas •6- Commission Exhibit 280 — Continued 797 The State of Texas, County of Dallas BEFORE ME, the undersigned, a Notary Public in and for said County and State, personally appeared MARINA NICHOLAEVNA OSWALD, a widow, known to me to be the person whose name is subscribed to the foregoing instrument, and acknowledged to me that she executed the same for the purposes and consideration therein expressed. GIVEN UNDER MY HAND AND SEAL OF OFFICE, this the 5th day of January, 1964. Notary Public in and for Dallas County, Texas The State of Texas, County of Dallas BEFORE ME, the undersigned, a Notary Public in and for said County and State, personally appeared JOHN M. THORNE and JAMES H. MARTIN, known to me to be the persons whose names are stxbscribed to the foregoing instrument, and acknowl- edged to me that they executed the same for the purposes and consideration therein expressed and in the capacity therein stated. GIVEN UNDER MY HAND AND SEAL OF OFFICE, this the 5th day of January, 1964. Notary Public in and for Dallas County, Texas - 6 - Commission Exhibit 280 —Continued 798 $25,000.00 irTT^^jg-iH^-t.'.jTC.jf g'yy* ?.•'?• Commission Exhibit 280— Continued 799 SCHEDULE "A" Cash $25,000.00 Commission Exhibit 280 — Continued 800 — Conroieslon Exhibit Ho. i?/ 'Lee was the leader on our playground' by DONALD JACKSDN was th« ftoy born to inird enter elementary school until Jan- Eckdahl and gave him a divorce L?eMrs I Marguerite Ciaverie Os- uary 1947.when he was 7 The Mrs Oswald was granted S'.SOO w.ild Hts father Robert E Lee family home at that time was on Marguerite returned to her for- Oswald an agent for the Metro- the South Side of fon Worth and mer name of Oswald Lee had al-— Doiiian Life losuronce Company in Lee entereo the first grade at Lily ways gone by thai name and — New' Orleans died two monihs B Clayton School His marks the moved into a one-story frame nefore Lee was born there on Oct first year were mostly Bs with a house on Ewmg Avenue, tn the 16 1939 Mis Oswald went to few As RidgteS district of Fort Worth Sh-: Aork as a saleswoman two years Lee left a strong impression on and Lee —and occasionally th^ ifter the birth of her new son at least one member of his second older two boys— lived there foi 'olding a serie& of jobs giade class Phil Vinson, now a the next four years. Hi& (Pothet was at home with Fort Worth reporter. Other families m the block <•> Lee during his first two years and "No one in our class was a member Lee as a touchy, quic^ later, when she went to work, het close friend of Lee's," Vinson to-anger boy- WITH BROTHERS AT 5. lee Os- Sister Lillian or whoever else she said "Yet all of the boys seemed "He seemed antisocial to me. wiflt* (cen(Mr) laughs with brother could get to baby- sit cared for to look up to him During recess Roben Oswald. lO [tBft). and half said Hiram Conway, who lived htm When Lee was 3, he was periods, the boys would form into three doors from the Oswalds 1 placed in a boarding school which what we called gangs' and en- thought he was vicious with other accepted children either orphaned gage in fnendty wrestling matches children. He would become quite mg the (me So he says to me l ; or with one parent His brother or games of touch footbafi Ac- angry at ^/ery little provocation I release it when I'm damn gooc Robert and half-brother John had cording to our code bemg m Lee s saw him chuck things at other and ready Well, naturally, was a I been lodged at the boarding gang was a high honor Lee chose kids several t'mes' His wife add- little burned asked my wife who 1 school a year earlier. those to serve with him on the ed, I dtdn t think he was any- was ort our party line and she said I took the children home on grade school playgroun:' - -i ,cr thing but just a high-tempered It //as the Oswalds I knew therr weekends, But Mrs Oswald recalled coutdn t look after them he remained quiet. ' kid. He was a cute tutie boy with S'lghtiy —every single mght she c I curly hair and a good build The get off the bus at my corner and nd work, too In March :948 Lee transferred waU across my lawn Well, this ' family all called him Lee-Boy in 1944 Mrs Oswald met Edwin Ciayion school to the fioiii Cecil Simmons, ari atcountdni, ncni stopped her ana told nei 1 A Eckdahl. an industrial engmeei George Clark Elementary School, lived two doors in the other direc- what had happened She asked me from Boston who was working m tn the same general neighborhood tion from the Oswalds. His mem- to quote exactly what was said the Soutfi They were married on Fort Worths South Side He ory of Lee is terse and sour. Iij end did She said. ( don t be- I she for the third time m May — finished the second giade there tell you the way I got acquainted lieve Lee would say anything hke i945. and took an auto trtp so she and was promoted to the third with that little squirt." said Sim- that.' Then Lee walked up and could meet his family m Massa- In that year Edwm Eckoah! sued mons, came home from work "l said What's the matter. Mother? chusetts Instead of returning to for divorce In his complaint Eck- one day and picked up the phone. She told him that had accused I New Orleans the family settled dahl. represented by the Fort It was dead figured what the I him of using profanity on the tele- in a small house m Fort Wortf: Worth firm of Korth and Wallace heli. so asked into the receiver if I phone She asked him what aboul The two older boys were sent to a said Ihat his wife nagged him and anyone was on the phone. A kid's It and he denied it So then she military school in Port Gibson. argued about money He testified voice says. You re goddamn right said- guess you must be mistak- "I Mississippi Lee lived at home that she once threw a bottle at his there s someone on the line This en, Mr, Simmons ' I know damn with his mother and stepfather. head and another time scratched stopped me for a minute, then well it was him. There wasn t any Records show that Lee did not and struck him A jury upheld Iasked the kid if he'd mind reieas- one else m the house at the time. Commission Exhibit 281 801 ' Cinnnisslon Exhibit No. "^ Q "> t>foihe' John Pic. 12 Their mother CHUBBY AT 8 lev dencnes h.s THINNED OUT AT 11 ALL AT 12. The taliwct boy B had }UBt marrtfrd for and third lime t.bl as he tiiMilC'S fu' secondgfdde ptCtuiC, 0&w«-U !'u6 moved to Fort Worth picture 4t Clayton school, Fort Worth baMbetl end lo«i fftputatfon fu \t\ey had «tl i I found that out later And ihat m the rest of his subjects. Around Kuklies. Lee was r«ther m«ssy and was my hrst and last contact wrth this time his I Q. was measured. I put him next to Nancy m class. " Lee Oswald II was 103. He became a lot neater He slicked Lee s hrst teacher at Ridglea When the fourth grade held its his hair down, and kept his desk West Elementary School was Mrs Christmas party m 1949, Lee sur- neater than he had She'd say Clyde Livingsion. a warm, lively prised his teacher, Mrs. Living- something to him tf he didnt Bui woman who toot< a special inter- ston, by giviog her a puppy It was the romance didn't last long. An est in Lee and probably knew him the offspring of the family dog. a other boy interested Nancy " as wett as anyone outside his fam- collie Lee called "Lady "He used to play ball with me ily Lee !eft an empty home m the "He dearly loved lhat mother and Po( O'Connor almost every morning, went home to an empty dog." Mrs Livingston said, "He day." said gtade school classmate home for lunch, and returned to would check on her at home every Richard Garrett We ran around an empty home at night. Mrs " day After he gave me the little together And Lee was the domi- Livingston said once asked htm I puppy he d come over on week- nant one among the three of us tf hts mother left a lunch for him ends to see how it was getting We'd do what Lee wanted to do He said. No. but can open a can I along. But had the feeling he I He was larger remember, and I of soup as well as anyone wasn't coinirig by just to see the tougher But he wasn't particu- Lee s fourth-grade marks re- dog He'd stay around and talk larly eager to fight all the Itme vealed a downward trend In the He was friendly enough but not One lime the fad was to fiold your third grade he had failed spelling. particularly talkative. breath until you passed out. Lee received three Cs, four As and the "He wasn't a hostile child, not really liked that rest Bs In the fourth, the As dis- even siubborn He was good hu- Garrett recalled that Lee's grades appeared altogether, but he passed mored, but quiet He was interest- were not loo good in the fifth and spelling and received Bs and Cs ed in a little girl in the class, Nancy sixth grades, but that he didn t TRUANT AT 13. Lee viSitS zoo tn CONTINUED fj.?w Voik H*> r.ut SO many clasMs I'irf! MO ivas in trocble With off'Ciais GAMES AI 1 f AVORHC TEACHER '.' ^ C vde i arrow J SOercIs i p.-»"-.s ,..'r> l.niflri LivitHi^lfi, wiic l.iuyrit LfTC IO( ti fjfude cla5Si"tito9 Hts tPticher <up Lee 9BvC h«i members he vw»6 'eluclanl tu fOiri aft 4 Chrrstmas present He visttcd games at first. later look part eaQeriy her Frequently to check on the dog 69 • .1^.^ ^r'^^-- Commission Exhibit 282 802 From the people whose lives crossed his, a clinical study of Lee Harvey Oswald THE EVOLUTION OF AN ASSASSIN OSWALD At 2. Sni.lma ana cnubt!>. IS his haif combed into s curl by •. Le€ pD««« tor a baby ptc fr.oth*», * was >94t and Th« family lived it New Orleans wt^cre Lee waa born Ever since the assassination of President Kennedy, Soon after Oswald s death. Life's staff began to as- two questions have haunted the nation and the semble these clues Dozens of reporters searched for world what was the President's killer really like? How the people who had known him —neighbors, teachers, did he grow up to commit this terrible act? classmates, employers, fellow Marines. They told what Before Lee Harvey Oswald himself could supply any they knew and in some cases provided the rare pictures answers, he was killed by Jack Ruby (p 26). But. of Oswald shown on these pages. Life Reporter Donald though he led an elusive life during his 24 years, he Jackson wove the accounts into the article that begins — brushed against many people in many places and left on the next page and gives, in extraordinary detail, the a trail behind him of brief but unforgettable impressions. — evolution — from babyhood to death of the assassin. Commission Exhibit 283 803 Commission EIxhibit 284 804 Oonunission Exi.illt No. 'He didn't seem to miss iiaving friends' OSWALD also thought she could do belter tion — dangerous to his personal- CONTINUED financially in New York. ity When you get a 13-year-old They arrived in New York In kid who withdraws " into his own exert himself particularly in class September, moved into an apart- world, whose only company is In the fifth grade he made two Ds ment in the Bronx and Lee en- fantasy, who wants no tnends. —a failing grade in Fort Worth at tered the seventh grade at Trinity who has no father figure, whose that time — in arithmetic and spell- Lutheran School, switching after mother doesn't seem to relate ei- ing, two Cs, the rest Bs Another schoolmate, three weeks to Junior High School ther —then you've got trouble, I William 117 His public school attendance recommended placement for Os- Leverich. was struck by Lee's record was abysmal Between Oc- wald thought of a place like I brashness in class "I remember tober 1952 and January 1953 he Berkshire Farm in Canaan [NY,] that he'd scoot his desk chair missed 47 school days. His grades or Children's Village at Ddbbs across the floor to the pencil were barely passing On the report Ferry They have cottages for the — sharpener |ust to get attention of card where teachers rate a child's kids there, and psychiatric treat- course The kids would snicker personality factor, Lee was judged ment, as well as follow-up ther- and the teacher would get mad" satisfactory in courtesy and effort, apy definitely thought that would I ^ Lee was not altogether unno- unsatisfactory in cooperation, de- help this boy ticed by the fifth- and sixth-grade pendability and self-control. had the feeling that his moth- I girls One recalled that had "he er was completely ineffectual, that — muscles he was strong Anoth- " HIS truancy resulted in Lee's she was detached and nonin- er had such a crush on him that fust brush with legal authority volved She kept saying that Lee once walking home with Lee and — in his case the New York Chil- wasn't any problem, and she another girl, she asked him to kiss dren's Mrs Oswald had Court. didnt understand what the fuss her. Lee said he wouldn't unless moved again in March 1953, and was all about. She wanted to go he could also kiss the other girl, Lee had been transferred to Jun- back to Texas or Louisiana but whom he was sweet on at the time. ior High School 44 his third — said she didn't have the money, Lee kissed them both. school in seven months. When he "Finally I remember telling Lee, Mrs Pat Davenport Baum of failed to report to the school John 'It's either school or commit- Fort Worth, a former classmate of Carro, a young probation officer ment,' He said, 'In that case, I'll Lee's, said he once wrote her a assigned to the Children s Court in go back to school." His mother love note and was b.lter when she the Bronx, got touch with him in refused to take him to a court- spurned him "Oh. Iiow he hated Carro, a soft-spoken, 36-year- attached psychiatric clinic. She me for that. He didn't speak to me old father of six who is now as- said that he was attending school at all for a long time Mrs Baum " sistant to New York Mayor Robert by that time and there was no also recalled that Lee walked real Wagner, said, "We talked at my reason for going to the clinic. proud But he never wore Levis, My job was to hnd out his office Lees behavior was slightly dis- he wore some other type of jeans, background, his attitude toward ' ruptive at school which looked cheaper school, the altitude of his parents, "In January 1954. wrote to 1 Lee was quite capable of de- whether there were any illnesses Mrs. Oswald, asking her to come fending himself those years. in or extenuating circumstances and into my office and bring the boy. Classmate (Monroe Davis recalled so on. found him to be a small, I The letter came back. Moved. Left how Lee beat him one day after bright and likable boy asked I No Forwarding Address.' " school. ' He fought dirty, pinching him why he was staying out of Mrs, Oswald's memories of the and bitmg, Davis said, "but he school and he said he thought 16 months she and Lee spent in would have licked me anyway " school was a waste of time, that New York are bitter, perhaps col- Davis said that as the fight was he wasn't learning anything there ored by a suspicion that it had breaking up, Lee's mother ap- anyway," He also told Carro that been a mistake to move there. peared and she was laughing. ' the other children in school made "It was a very, very sad story," She was real proud of him ' fun of him because of his Texas she said of Lee"s truancy troubles, Lee finished the sixth grade at drawl and his blue jeans, "Mr, John Carro told him, Lee, Ridglea West in June 1952 He asked him what his hobbies "I you'll have to report to me every was approaching his t3th birthday were, and he said he used to col- week Mr ' 1 said, Carro, my son —fairly tall for his age. well built lect stamps but didn't do that any IS not going to report to you. and athletic But he appeared lone- more. He said he liked horseback He's no criminal. He's given his ly and wore an increasingly no- riding [there is no evidence that word that it's not going to happen ticeable chip on his shoulder At he ever did any] and said he want- again The first time he doesn't this time his mother decided to ed to go into the Marines But. he keep his word, then he'll report to go to New "Vork a move that was said, most of all he just liked to you." was not going to have a I to have a great impact on Lee. Slie be by himself and do things by boy of that age and caliber going said she wanted to be close to himself He would get up m the toa probation officer." her son John Pic, by her first mai- morning and watch television all riage. who was stationed in New day. There was no one else at York with the Coast Guard She home. The mother worked. He The analysis most penetrating personal- ity ever made on Lee didn't have any friends, and he Oswald came from Dr Renatus didn t seem to miss having any Hartogs. chief psychiatrist at New friends. He never said anything to York's Youth House for Boys Har- CLOWNING AT tS, lust as a class me about reading. It didn't seem togs examined him at the recom- mate photogiaphs ninth-grade Eng- abnormal to him to stay home and mendation of the Bronx Children's lish class reheaising Casey at the Sat. do nothing, but it was Court. His confidential report is Oswald turns to niug at cameia He "In my report I indicated this in the hands of the federal com- got passing grade of 70 in the course was a potentially dangerous situa- mission now investigating the CONTINUED Commission Exhibit 285 805 Comml ss 1 or. ?ic.h ! r 1 f. Ko the age of 13 on One day he There was a poignant reunion 'He looked iiKe showed me a toy pistol.' Voebel said "and he asked me if it looked with a grammar school acquaint- ance. Richard Garrett "He walked real I told him it didn t Then up to me in the hall at school." he imas just lost' some time later, he said he knew where he could get a real pistol, but would have to steal it from a said Garrett look remember had to I down to talk to him. and it seemed strange, because he had I ' (The psychiatrist said he was pawn shop talked him out of it been the tallest, the dominant OSWALD not surprised when Lee Oswald I Lee did well on the achievement member of our group in grammar CONTINUED was arrested for the assassination tests he took when entering War- school He looked like he was just substance of President Kennedy. 'Psycho- len Easton High School in the fall lost He "8S very different from assassination, but the of ISas follows logically." he said, "he had all the of 1955. when he was almost 16 the way remembered him. He . (t It was apparent that Oswald qualifications of being a potential He scored an 88 m reading and an seemed to have no personality at was an emotionally disturbed, assassin Such a criminal is usu- 85 in vocabulary. 55 was regard- all He couldn't express himself youngstei constricted ally a person with paranoid ideas ed as average In English, mathe- well He just hadn t turned into mentally who tended to isolate himself from of grandiosity who can get satis- matics and science his scores somebody- He hadn"t turned into contacts with others, was sus factory self-vindication only by were lower anybody, ive read where people picious and defiant in his attitude shocking the entire world and not He stayed in high school less say he was a loner Well he toward authority, and overly sen- just a few people He had to show than a month On Oct 7. 1955 wasn t in the sixth grade but he sitive and vengeful in his relation- the world he was not unknown his mother wrote a letter to the sure was in high school." ships with his peers He saw him- that he was someone with whom school, saying that her son would Lee turned out for the B foot- ' ' . self as being smgled out for the world had to reckon When he have to withdraw because they ball team, which was composed rejection and frustration. Dr. Har- was 13 he reacted negatively, by were moving to San Diego This of boys not good enough for the withdrawing. It took him a whole was a means to allow Lee to try varsity. After practice the team togs said, but did not seem to have developed the courage to lifetime to develop his courage, to enlist in the Marine Corps Ac- members were supposed to run a act upon his hostility m an ag- and then all the accumulated hate tually, they stayed m New Orleans short distance at top speed Nick gressive or destructive fashion and resentment came out A per- until late in the summer of 1956 Ruggieri. the coach, recalled that He also appeared to be preoc- son like Oswald resents a lifetime Lee remained out of school dur- one of his assistants told him Lee cupied about his sexual identity of being pushed to the sidelines ing this time, and apparently be- Oswald had refused to sprint with and his future role as a male He culminates his career of injus- gan to read avidly at New Orleans the other boys Oswald had said He was guarded, secluded and tice-collectingby committing a libraries His mother said. He that this was a free country and suspicious in his dealings with supreme, catastrophic act of vio- was bored and restless in school he didn't have to run if he didn't the psychiatrist He had to be re- lence and power") He used to come home and say, want to. assured that information he gave 'I already know all the stuff they're told the boy myself that if he I would not be used against him. n 1954. Lee and his mother were teaching Why bother with thaf' wanted to play he had to finish but to help him He could not I back in New Orleans, and Lee Then he d go off to the library" practice with the sprint, just like become verbally productive and entered the eighth grade at Beau- Immediately after his 16th birth- the others says Ruggieri " "He talk freely about himself and his regard Junior High School Short- day in October, he tried to enhst gave me the same answer, told I feelings About his mother he ly before he graduated from Beau- in was rejected the Marines, but him to hand in his cleats" would state only tlidt she wci.s regaid m 1955, Lee was asked to because of his age He managed On Oct 18, 1956. Lee turned 17. "O.K.' He had ambivalent feel- fill out a personal history sheet to get several jobs— one as a mes- old enough to enter the service. ings about his mother a strong — On the form, he said he had two senger on the Mississippi River He told his mother that he was need for maternal warmth but also brothers but did not name them. docks, another as a runner for a going to drop out of school and an awareness that only a limited He identified his religious affilia- dental laboratory in New Orleans enlist in the Marine Corps just "1 ' amount of affection was available tionas Lutheran but did not list a In between jobs he read. want to do something different He protected himself against dis- church His hobbies were reading "He brought home books on he said She did not try to talk appointment by not reaching out and outdoor sports, especially Marxism and socialism, said his " him out of it. On Oct 24 he went to others football He wrote that after school mother "But didnt worry You 1 to Dallas and signed up for three Dr Hartogs concluded that here he wanted either to join the mili- cant protect children from every- years in the Marines was definitely a child who had giv- tary service or become a drafts- thing, just try to help them see He went to San Diego for boot en up hope of making himself un- man Of his school subjects he things in the right way. Besides, camp and then to Camp Pendleton derstood by anyone about his liked civics the best, art the least those books are so bad. why are if where he took advanced infantry needs and expectations In an en- When asked to list two personal they there where any child can get training Allen Felde, also 17 at the vironment where affection was Oswald wrote two names friends. hold of them"?" time,who shared boot camp and withheld, he was unable to relate then erased them. They are not August of 1956. Lee and his In advanced training experience with with anyone because he had not legible on the sheet. mother moved back to Fort Worth Oswald said. He was pretty hard learned the techniques and skills His grades at Beauregard were and he entered Ailmgton Heights to understand I remember him as which would have permitted it A generally below average, but his High School The pattern of dis- quiet, serious and trying to find diagnosis of incipient schizophre attendance was good His record affection and separation from the himself. The rest of us used to ma was made, based on the boy s cards show he missed only seven other students, which had its be- wrestle and horse around, but ha detachment from the world and days of school during the 1954-55 ginning in New York, continued would have his bunk in the coiner pathological changes in his value academic year CONTINUED systems. His outlook on life had But Lee was having more trou- strongly paranoid overtones The ble getting along with his class- immediate and long-range conse- mates "He fought with a lot of quence of these features, in addi- guys. " recalled onedon re- I t tion to his inability to verbalize member him friends with anyone hostility led to an additional diag- Edward Voebel is one Beaure- nosis "potential dangerousness gard schoolmate who remembers Dr Hartogs' report was sent to Oswald, sympathetically, as a Children's Court with the recom- loner" — a word used increasing- mendation that the child be com- ly by persons who knew him from mitted to an institution for his own protection and that of the commu- nity at large. He felt that treatment POSING AT 17. A Fort Worth pho might have led to improvement, togr.ipher picked Oswald and lanet and that ultimately the boy would Bowlin just by chance for a yearbook have been rehabilitated. His rec- picture The picture was used though ommendation was not followed Oswald was at school only a month. Commission Exhibit 286 806 Coiumi ssi on Exhi i. i r. ^Lee never came to kind of authority on the squadron football team for Oswald played by. United Press International cor- respondent, the Hotel Metro- at a short lime He played end, Don- pole. never return to the 1 will ovan said until he was bounced squadron parties' off the squad 'because he kept talking back in the huddle" The United States for any reason." he declared The interview gave him an op- quarterback was a captain portunity, for the first time in his OSWALD out too wellHe had a temper, but wasn't loo good a fighter He was In the summer of 1959 Oswald applied for a hardship release from life, to feel important His opinion CONTINUGD was sought. Hts picture was tak- the kind of guy you told to do the Marines His mother, working en He responded by being as ar- and stey there, reading a book He something, and if he didn't feel ina Fort Worth department store, ticulate as he had ever been in his " dtdnt have any friends like It. he'd tell you to take a walk," was injured when a box of glass life He struck Miss Mosby as "a Donald Goodwin was Oswald's Oswald was court-martialed jars fell and struck her on the person very determined but un- section chief at Pendleton He twice in 1958 On April 1 1 , he was head She was forced to remain sure of himself, naive and emo- was good with a rifle. Goodwin ' convicted of violating Article 92 m bed for six months, and the tionally unbalanced ' lecalled. but he was such a hot- by failing to register a personal medical bills rapidly exhausted her am a Marxist Lee told her I " head was glad when he was I weapon, a pistol As a result some shm savings 'I didn't want to tell ' became interested at about the t finallyshipped out for radar train- of his privileges were taken away Lee and worry him, but finally I age of 15 I've seen poor niggers, ing. He was always having beefs His second court-martial came wrote. " She said that the landlord being a southern boy. and that with the guys. Never could figure two months later He had talked of her apartment allowed her to was a lesson People hate because out what it was about, really Just back to an NCO when both were bring in a rollaway bed for Lee they re told to hate, like school to get into a fight and vent his off-duty and had tried to pick a kids. It's the fashion to hate peo- " emotions. suppose I fight with him The NCO turned Shortly before his release. Os- ple in the United States." His marksmanship record indi- him in Because it was his second wald appiied for admission Oswald was also interviewed by cates he was only a fair shot, al- offense, Oswald was broken from to Schweitzer College at Albert Pnscilla Johnson, now a Soviet though (he Marine couises are no- private first class to private Churwalden, Switzerland, a pri- expert of the Russian Research tably difficult and anyone who "I remember him as being very vate school with a program m Center at Harvard, who was in qualifies in them must be able to quiet, but wild when he was world problems, ohilosophy. reli- Moscow at that time He was handle a nfle proficiently. He qual- drunk," says Peter Cassisi. an- gion, sociology and languages He the most interesting defector I ified as a sharpshooter with a other former member of Oswald's was accepted for the spring term ever saw," she said. "He talked score of 21 2. shooting at distances squadron, now a policeman in of 1960. but he never appeared. m terms of capitalists and ex- of 200, 300 and 500 yards A Bronxville, N Y We used to call He returned to his ailing moth- ploiters, and he said something score of 190 to 209 earns a fvlanne him 'Private Oswald, just to nee- ers apartment Of all my sor- about how he was sure if he lived a qualification as marksman^ 210 dle him. He was that kind of guy row," she said later. "I don't think in the U S he wouldn't get a job, to 219 a sharpshooter; 220 to He'd go on a spurt every once in ! wilt ever forget the shame felt 1 that hed be one of the exploited. 250 an expert On an easier a while, and wake up the barracks when my boy entered that small I didn't perceive what the es- course, where recruits fired at tar- when he came back But he was place With a sick mother. In the sential was that this guy thing — gels 200 and 300 yards away, he mostly by himself, and never morning, he said, "Mother, my would be unhappy anywhere 1 barely qualified w.th 191 He fired showed up at any of the squad- mind IS made up want to get I had this awful feeling that could I the M-l " nfle on both courses ron parties on a ship and travel. I'll see a lot talk him out of it He Knew nothing From Camp Pendleton. Private Several ex-Marines recalled that and It's good work.' ' about Russia. He was like a babe Oswald was assigned to the Naval Oswald would occasionally get Lee spent only three nights at m the woods, like a lost child He Air Technical Training Center at drunk This was probably the only his mothers house. He had saved Jacksonville. Fta There he was time in his life he did much dnnk- $1,600 from his Marine Corps pay trained as an aviation electronics mg People who knew him before and he was anxious to get whce operator, a job which involved he went in the service and after he was going. maintaining and repairing aircraft think of him as a nondrmker. Two and a half weeks later electronics systems both on the In October 1958 Lee celebrated Mrs Oswald got a letter from Lee ground and in the air. In July 1957 his 19th birthday and was shipped postmarked New Orleans. '"Well. he shipped out of San Francisco back to the U.S his tour of over- . I have booked passage on a ship for Japan where he was to serve seas duty completed He was re- to Europe," it began. would of 1 as a radio maintenance man with assigned to the Third Marine Air had to sooner or later and think I the First Manne Air Wing at Al- Wing at the El Toro Marine base It's best go now" 1 sugi Navat Air Station. 35 miles near Santa Ana, Calif. She learned what he really had southwest of Tokyo His plans apparently were fixed in mind when a newspaper report- by this time. He began to study er called m late October 1959 Atsugi he became a part of Russian by himself. He tried to and said that her son had defected A: Marine Atr Control Squadron enter a military language school to Russia told them they were "I One, known as Max One' to its by taking a lest m Russian, but he crazy. she said, 'But learned it i members The mission of this flunked the qualifying lest So he was true, couldn't understand 1 unit, which included at various continued to study on his own. It." Lee was only a few days past times between 100 and 150 men. Former Lt, John E, Donovan, his 20th birthday. was to operate electron c and now a physics instructor in Alex- Lee told Soviet officials at hrst commumcational equipment for andria. Va was Oswald's com- . that he was m Russia as a tourist Surveillance, aircraft identification manding officer at El Toro "He After two and a half weeks in and fighter direction and to per- read most of the time,' Donovan Moscow, on Oct. 31. he appeared form ground control intercepts said, "histortes, magazines, books at the U.S embassy, slapped his and navigational assistance to on government and a Russian passport on a desk and said. "I've friendly aircraft," newspaper he used to get He made up my mmd. Im through ' He was a real oddball.' said spent a lot of time studying the He said he had applied for Soviet Peter Connor, who bunked in the Russian language There were no citizenship. The next day, Nov. 1. seme barracks with Oswald "He pocketbooks or comics for him " he was interviewed by Alme Mos- used to bring up this stuff about Donovan recalled Oswald as an his name, Lee He was proud of it ofhcer-batter and a troublemaker, because he said he was named He would ask officers to explain after Robert E. Lee He thought MARINE AT 18. At US. Naval base some obscure situation in foreign Robert E Lee was the greatest m Ai&ugi, Oswald flexes bis Japan, affairs,' he said, "just to show muscles (right) He was a radio tech- man in history He used to get in off hts superior knowledge He nician He posed in combat gear later lots of fights, but he dtdn'i make seemed to be m revolt against any (top) at Marine base m Californja Commission Exhibit 287 807 Commission Exhltlt No. '•) ."• , — 'I am the commanderv' he barked at Marina OSWALD let you own a nfle." he said. "Only his mother from Moscow We " CONTINUCO shotguns So joined a nfle club I shall be leaving from Holland by " Meanwhile the Marine Corps. ship for the US on June 4th was not interested m Russia or having learned of Oswald's at- After Lees arrival in the US the Russian people As I talked to tempt to renounce his citizenship, there was a family reunion at h;8 him. realized he had a vein m I decided to give Oswald, still m brother Robert's house in Fort him that was beyond reason, may- the inactive resen/es. an undesira- Worth, but it was a subdued one be, that was fanatic thought he I ble discharge "He didn't say much about living was unstable. thought he was I m Russia." said his mother "He the type of which martyrs and March 1961 Oswald met Ma- )ust introduced his wife and baby " Inrina Nikolaevna Pruskova, and said he wanted to find a job. fanatics are made a On Nov a month after he 14, pretty 19-year-old hospital phar- He had an awful time getting work first turned up m Moscow, Soviet macist from Leningrad Lee was People didn't like the idea of him officials told him that he would the first American she had ever met, having a Russian wife They were " not be granted citizenshrp He and she had thought often of go- awful to him and her would be permuted to stay in ing to America. He was difficult Lee and the family stayed only Russia, he was told, as a resident and unpopular, she realized, but briefly at Robert's house, then alien Once again he had been re- she was attracted to him "Lee not moved in with his mother, who jected Soon afterward he moved like anyone,' she once said m her had an apartment in Fort Worth broken English, but he love me ' to Minsk, a city about 400 miles Mrs Oswald said it took him a west of Moscow with a population She said at one point that she felt month to find a job, "I'd drive him of 500,000, sorry for him because he had no downtown and say. How about He got • i i:^ USA I. ^ZZZ^-- "^ \. \ \z \ \ Commission E^XHIB^T 294 814 , /<'!cri/2^fc;:7 :y ^7r\^ ^^^^-...t^^x^j^ ^Z^-'-c^ -^^^^J^i^ -^^t. J^5^ '2*^tS>^ 1^^ >^i^ ,y^<.,..^'J •'^W' ^v^*<'<-,-u.>*Kt^^^ L^^i^c-^^ cyu^^J^f /o'AtoiC ^>ct^r y^u^a^^^ic' S^yC" -i/uit,.-^ Commission Exhibit 295 815 —Continued Commission EixHiBir 295 816 A -i^^^ .^w?^ ^..^^ ;<»..-^ ^f^'^.itM^X^^ ^^^ —Continued Commission Exhibit 295 817 C-rJ^ XaJ-^^ ^ ^-^A^y^i^/ pJ^-^'-rr^^ 'yn<:wX^y<^ Cyu^^-f^y ^-^p^ 'y<^^t^ C^ t^J^ oy^-JXi/i —Continued Commission EIxhibit 295 818 1 *l^Jt*^ ZZA^-X^i^ C/>'C^<'<^<- >'v\^ -<2--C' "^^n. CZl^£.^ ^Aci-^L .t^r, ^;i/£? tu*>^ JCU^ ^-^2. -i\xnXt-^ J^K^o-^s.^^^ H Jc^ tOSL^ JI/'-vJ' jM yrx^ ,/^ -.^V'-t^ JZS^T' Commission Exhibit 295 —Continued 819 -^CA^-f J^AjLi^) l^-CxJi tyc^'^t -^'> .^^^ C^^'/'V-rrw,, w ^^<>tr/ 6£,,j-*c- ^aL*vt^ -.^^,-o-K^ -"-/O-v^ n\S^ yv^-rx^c^^^jc^ v^^ ^ Commission Exhibit 295 —Continued 820 i x*vZ^ <^ Jy>Zt ,^ O-crrVW ^<^W «r^^ ^' 4^^ ^jUaJUr^ —Continued Commission Exhibit 295 821 i^^-^ /ljC*y^^€ f *«.-*^t' A-'^" -<.^V^C€>t^^^-^ ^OC , /aT^J ^ tail's- er»ii /lej^ .'S^i"^-"*-^ o^r^ .1^ .^^A^-^ ^Lw^ .J^^^ <,/^^ ^.^ /^ :^^ -^»^- ^ 295 - !: Comndsslon Exhibit No. ^g^ Commission Exhibit 295 —Continued 822 2^'" jczr jl.^ jr./^ ^ I) hcckC/), iMc MyHApgrHQ c, VIA AIR MAIL tl s —Continued Commission Exhibit 295 823 I r IP K .-/ U.U'/ , ^ -/c.»' ^^/ _^ ^.,r ^^. Mi "s\ Q.<:y .-C^ y^^^>^ ' \ ( <' J >; -^ \ \ I ^ >. . >*^' -r'l^^ •N >^ \ s< ^ ,- ^ H: V x^ -V^^<' y^^f'Tyi ' ^ .rrr-! 7 l/,SM. \ \ -^; \ X_J r-'V••^/^'--r' * .7^ / A^*/ >^e- >^ u.^^ -n*V i^'x^d- '*;^<^- ^cii; f A. t^ 'l-t' ^ 1 */? •^c ' ^vA*gr^:ae«>>[?¥rp/' j'/_rdL^v«: ^ a-^^ ''"m --lii^i. -^'^"r''? y.ytitiaw&iil Dear Robert, I will be moving from this hotel, and so you need not write me here. I have chosen to remove all ties with my post, so I will not write again, nor do I wish you to try and contact me, I'm sure you understand that I would not like to recive correspond- ence from people in the coimtry which I fled. I am starting a new life and I do not wish to have anything to do with the old life. I hope you and your family will always be in good health. Lee Commission Exhibit 297 I>-536 0-64 vol. XVI- -54 825 , f isffinr.'fl. am Commlsilon EJthlMt Bo.li.^^ "" ^ ^ ^-tr,*.^/ ,^i[.^ .<».^»»_ ^t,^.,.^ .^ ^^ *r^ *- -v^-^. t^f^-t^ **Ct , -^--^ *.'^o-o Cvt-^ .t»» -^^ '^**^ *.^.-,.--.<'^, , .;.. .• . ,-\i . • Aapsc omr.pccumeAfi: .^—' — -• — v •—— ' ».••»..-—^^ n* 1 j Commission Exhibit 298 826 f^?f^%- M^pi, '^f O^ ^"••'^ <^>'C*»J-^ ^^ .^yCc*-* ^^-Z^ ^\^ y ci^ yJ\^ cn^ uyvtr^s-K. \t.^ -X?^ ^.S.SjC. -.-^dii-t^-C Ov^ «*^ y(W, yj/%jr .^ :^ tuSft/t 'i^« »i 1^^ .::3Cv4 M "ySi jZ^Ilo^ y(^^^-cu^. ^^^kj.^ ^ pvtfg'»^ -^O^txtct^^^OU— ^^U^^Ji^,^ Commission Exhibit 299—Continued 829 ; • \t /-'0 Q jy/// A^*^ ^0 Of /5 Commission Exhibit 300 831 ' i\ X f-1 - I ' ' t-iiXM *-:'l . ^f X ...f^: vft Its • t 1 I-*-''- . : 'M —Continued Commission Exhibit 300 832 .- "'iirii' '" Zg ~ ComnlSBlon Exhibit No. ^— I ~ i*'^//^ ^ ^?^. ^^ ._^a# ^ 0,. s/ C^^v^ y U^ C'f-y,^ C^y^k^ >5»w^ l.^'^^l "^' /^^ -i e^^^yf^ ,»^,-«!£;^j%,, .^^ ^j^,^ ; -Cyia::.'- ...1^, -^^ri-«i«^ .-.'^O:- ^^ !>-vv - •'JMi^S^lMiK • f •/'" . •»•' R^R AVio;; -. -v Ui; ..V-c-t .-.. -\>- V • r « Commission Exhibit 301 833 .....^ — Qc^ ^^ —- /z^ea^..^:.'^.^ ^^ J^U^r^. *>^^ ^S^^^*!**-^ ^i<.t77^r^^*^^ C>i>^^'^^^^<^ „Ua.^^.^ ^^Urz>.-^ -. ... - ^cyj;^ ..^c^ j!/U£>Lj Commission Exhibit 302 834 / ..„ —^•<- " • • I m -,-1 • ' -'y-. o-vf^,-^ .v.,;/;-, / *. ^ .J '^O/J^: ^J• ^:'Vi V. V Commission Exhibit 302 —Continued 835 . 2n;^^^3C Coaaalseion Exhibit No. ?>c:^ _CLrt.«*^,. zj. / /fy. •«0- -/?^ :^- o.^ /. -.^^ro^-.-^ ^J4 , — yt-iC-<4^^}<^ (^. 0^. X— - -. ut^Ajf./^l^. ei ^- ^ .. c/*^-^ c^>i>^-tJ^ .' •>^^**' Commission Exhibit 305 838 «--^>-t>*^ .-^^>e-e>x. .y^^^*\ ..^^ «iO u,yt..<^c^ .fi>^ ,xC^^»*i.^^W^^ ' ocy^)^^S^^\^ ^'^rurCX^ M^^jC^-^^^ay yrJ^ /^ ^^ ^-it^ l^u/t^ ^^(ytri.-r>^. —^ _«^^ ^ X^uCy.ju^ .t^^'^. Z'^^^^:^ V Commission Exhibit 305 —Continued 839 . a^yr^ -C^x^XA^ .^^^'<>c- ~ f3 jrj j*^ r* ti o • •* <» « ff^L ^Q M Vi ki »« U U.l» v^c-J r'" ' - "1 I '•• • W"'"! 1 at •III \\ c I I 1 1 I «(xaci» Commission Exhibit 305 —Continued 841 740-536 0-64 vol. XVI 55 . :- - ^ - ^cT^z,/^^^ £>jea^.A^i^J^^ _ f 1 c>->t^ --.^ A>-t-^:^ '^ t*yv^„wil^^5>r^t:^ .-- /jl^L^C.^C'^^t*^— .^fy^ Commission Exhibit 306 842 .Zt/i^t-an Oi'-r'^^^^tSu-^ .^^^'"•t<,-=:£^ .^^.-:^r^ ^*A.^.. .^ '^ -- ^,,,-i^^ ^^ 4c^,.^/-^tr^^___ :''-^tix»'-ri^ ^^TO^^^^i^S/, .v^^^:^.,^^ ^&<^ .. . Commission Exhibit 306 —Continued 843 ,PAR Ai'lOM 1^ - r t •-< '^^'.''iv*-«\' iik ;£^£^E»fa»Mtf^ Commission Exhibit 306 —Continued 844 pt^yvL^oy^iT^ 4^ -'^^_/^r/f^/^;^£fr^ V- ^''^^Lr^^^^Z.^rV.^.. >n^^>S^ ^/f-c^^ '/ 4>:.. . i- • Commission EJxhibit 307 845 yu^^^ ''U.. ^,^«-^ --^^ >^^^^^^-^^^ 2:^ \J ^ ^^^v^ >^A«*-^ J^i^Zcf^ v^i^c^^/^ or*rl?_ <^ *Z-J2x'*tl^*,^^^ y<^ Commission Exhibit 307 — Continued 847 \WMmmm^ Commission Exhibit 307 — Continued 848 l\J^-r.3(^, '6/ ?Ur9f.$o^ y^y /9jl^ A^CcJ'f yUJ^ J?<^l^ vMr^^^yrz^.^ --^^^ -^:.>irL Commission Exhibit 308— Continued 850 |1^;- AViOjjj v_U2 ^r-—- - • — '' ^ C — '"'-''*'oi-''\_.- ' l;y' —1i'•-• <^ Commission Exhirit 308 —Continued 851 ' Commission Exhibit No. ^ ^^ O '-^ ^^ ^ ^ ^ 'i^ ^c>Oj- Nov. 1, 1961 Dear Robert, I got your birthday card a fews days ago thanks for the thought. Marina came back from her vacation on Oct. 28 so everything is back to normal here. Well, it looks like I'm going to be a papa at the beginning of March. Of course, we want a boy, but you never can tell. Our visa's have still not come through, although, we have already waited for four months, these people are never to quick to grant visa's to anybody. We heard over the radio today that the present Russian government has decided to remove Stalin's body from the hall on Red square, this is big new's here, and its Commission Exhibit 309 852 '^.^ f ^-^-s?^ l^c^ £-^^,-^'^^'/ .i..'^''^f.-j,.<^,>-.x^C'^'-''"y'^''-^'*'''j"^^ / ,>A -/.*vc^-.>^ . ^-.-,>„ .«,'.'<.»-;_^- , ~ eye -"-.— .i-.C. - ^^ • " ^::;> very funny for me, It show's what these people are made of, one day a hero lying in state, and another day "somebodys doormat." they employ alot of "doublethink" over here, and so when I listen to the radio or to some of the political commsars we have here, I always think of George Orwells book "1984" in which "doublethink" is the way of life also. In any case, everything over here is very interesting, and the people are generally simple and nice. I haven't been doing too much hunting latley, I'm more a "home-body" now. Ha " Ha. Well, thats about all the news from Minsk. Your brother Lee Commission Exhibit 309— Continued 853 PAR AVION J // 5// <^>.li^ y^/.y//'^/^ ^^ fe^^'i^ /" y y X S^^^ — V' V - Commission Exhibit 309 —Continued 854 D^ n 'c/ Commission Exhibit 310 855 • • • * .. .-*-cV^ .• . .Ctfi?»vtf-,,^-2:<^^^.y^^i'^^ Commission Exhibit 311 -536 0-64 vol. XVI 56 857 ':-.S^_V^c^i^ ^:$^---<2^ ^^>n^ . „. _/^. /^^ 0^.^t^Z*J-f ^^*t.*^-'*<^^~W^'C^ yn^^tuirva^ -!4j2^u?>:^_v^^^rSiji ,^^!e':>*<.^s,yCc^ uy^i-ZL^ , Commission Exhibit 311 — Continued 858 I ) 1> yv^U^ Commission Exhibit 311 —Continued 859 Commission Exhibit No. JL^\ ^ cl9. ?- D^ :^^ ^Cl -iO, »-<-jrl ^-'^''w ~/jrCrj:f:ri'. Oj-tc, -p- ^^.^O^c^ /A^^^cJ^. «^.-;:-^^-*svvV;C-4 --e-sM, 'z^^?^:^^ / **V>.:<^^'> /^ .'7' <:' Z',. ^-x^^-^" /"•i Commission Exhibit 312 860 PAR AV! \ .v V'' -^A ..f: \ (pal^/^^^^?f>/N{aB ^^:>z^i:.' . . '/• / > Commission Exhibit 312 — Continued 861 ' - - - ' <* Commission Exhibit No ^\^~ %s_ui ^:'/<^f^yf^^. . 7'^^^^..M--.^cr^.^-p'fj^. ,^ r:^ Jan. 5, 1962 Dear Robert, Well, I've been told that we'll get our visa's about the 1st of February, if everything goes quickly. If we do get our visa's we should arrive in the U.S. before the 1st of March. All of this of course may change any way the Soviets like it to change. We sijent the New Year at some friend's place, I had wanted to call you on New Years Eve, but since they are going to grant our visa's soon I thought I'd wait a month or so and maybe we'll get to see each other. Commission Exhibit 313 862 1 /O.^i UP^ ,kC^z^,. ^.^ '. ,:}" vyi^ :.v^ Commission Exhibit 314 865 /> cV ' y.cr//~ J'^-^v:^^?'/<-^ ,<,'-cir c^.^^^^y'^-rT^ ^y^^^'^y*^^ ^y*-(: c^ .^c^/^. ^Tr^^^^^^^ Commission Exhibit 314 —Continued 867 ILM^ 5v-.l-rc.ik, /^ '/ -*' Tvx.a> 7:-'li •-'f'>-^W'M'^'^'- I CcCu^Ctr )\.>.. / V ^ y *'—m.. y 'A X C'C^A-^ 'A ii^ ./ Commission Exhibit 314 — Continued 868 commission Exhibit No. 314a Commission Exhibit 314^A Commission Exhibit 314-B 869 FV/r ^ct y^^y. yr V7' '-*-«' «_^ vCfi^^ ^-^ -2Xlr ^^. P>''<-dt-'*«- -^ Commission Exhibit 315 870 C^KS^' — Ck>ntinued Commission Exhibit 315 871 i L^.'j »^ . nX >>,.4^^^.2>'^— <^ «C.X_,-k-a^-3 rw J-X^^^-,. . 0^:J^^^X^ Commission Exhibit 315 — Continued 872 PAR AViOM /-. '.'^ .TAJk P c?'- ''ton Commission Exhibit 315— Continued 4-0-536 0-64 vol. XVI 57 873 ^6 7 P-^. /y^:y. \ * .-Ir^^' J3>^; ^-^> y''^^^/ "-^ ^''^ /?^. .^i^ ,^2c.^ .^^^ ^^'^-^^'^'ti^^ Commission Exhibit 31&— Continued 875 4 • ^f •*- ''^** •/.. •V..V ,1 v." .. It* ••• • . •. i ."•r'TyJ'' Commission Exhibit 316 —Continued I 876 (^uln, 'C i&jL^ i&,e^^ C>9 ~— « - .- - . . - . . ^ Commission Exhibit 317 877 _ .^P'^- ,^rtjCa£ .-^^cXl^ Jk. — Commission Exhibit 317 —Continued 878 •mHdM » -it ••— o« Adpec omnpatumtAX -d^^/^ ^^ >2-*^ ^*^^>'V^ -^-ut^ ^^^^ 9^,v^ty^ -»>-^ ''^ -^t^^cAi' u^-T^c^ -yr-^f^ ^^.^5^ '"'^^ ^^^^^-^^^^^^^ -? r-<^^iS^^<2t,rX, W /i.^ cicZ;kj^ a^^i^u.^ -..^\:^^^ ^s. r ^ " - >*^ -^-i^^ ^ji^^ ^.-i-^n^^^ >^J««^^ |&.c-^^ Commission Exhibit 318 — Continxied 881 '.:i ^1 fe j K-:-. Adpec omnpatumeAH ^^u^^6^ a^f [ \7Z7/7/7Z//7/7/7Z7/7Z7A7A^ Commission Exhibit 318 —Continjued 882 III p 'y w , " '.'*' GIVE ' THE UNITED 7- TriKtS'it^SOFCAnD IG FOR ADDf^ •^.-^ <'», V ^fl -2%- ^f'^^^^ y i^^ Ci€c^ Commission Exhibit 319 883 . 13^ Commission Exhibit No.^Xc> I >. -' Zf/3 /^'2^>'W'^^=^ -^ /), . ., /^/v/T /•v -*^«-;^ xz^ L. H. Oswald Box 2915 Dallas, Texas Robert Oswald 7313 Davenport St. Ft. Worth, Texas Nov. 17, Dear Robert, In ansewer to your kind invitation for thankssiving we'd love to come and will be in Ft. Worth thanksgiving morning we shall come by bus and I'll give you a ring on the phone, from the bus station, (about 9 :00-10 :00) See you soon. Lee Commission Exhibit 320 884 r— - ''^^'^Cji^ ::!& /('ou ys^ Commission Exhibit 321 885 M^y, ^5^>/ y^J^ j!^^ /Zt^ c^ ^ § ^.4^ ^^.4.^ J<^ ^^''^ ^^'^ ^ Silica. Commission Exhibit 322 886 n^.^^^^-^^ ^^..e,^ ^^^^^.r^ Commission Exhibit 322 —Continued 887 50TH Ai<>:iyii,im?) .jft h •«'-t.i r- ^^/i^ />:•-— 4'^ .' /^,X' J- Sox jyC Commission Exhibit 322 — Continued 888 sv Commission Exhibit No .-5^3 (0 t \ ^f^^-w .^-^<- V^^iA^ A.'Xs^%^\W~^ -A cX «=\ ^J5fK,>^.**:S" -s 3^ ^ -w m vr^s^ ikcr«>j^ ,;jljj-,jo^ ---^^^»>ft,— * ^ -SUJ^ V^Jl_ '^'^^^"^ iAcSr CLVvt^ i; ''O w.^ 3^^^. --S^^ja ^..o^ oj^ x>-j^4^v^< ; ; ^p Commission ExhiUt No. 323 Commission Exhibit 323 —Continued I 890 I* 4 1-^ (0 ((^ ^.^.K^ ,,^- -=SLV_^ M^.,^k^-SLwJl5L x^ ^^ V^ ^, ^ i; . CS " Comznission Exhibit No. 323 Commission Exhibit 323 —Continued 891 , T (0 V*^~ ^=^ey«^^ v.^^ajb> V^ N*~^w;§c^ \^^^ ^ S^ ' (d c>....S-»vJL.«_S. '^^l*^,!.^ >^ v»-->._9^ OuAA^.<_ eo.>^;^_l^ "" t^ 6X^ Cci Vw ^ C(^ O iij..iimuji[uiiiij|jwiiiiu — ^ X^f^ Commission Exhibit No. 323 mmMOm*mmtmJ»^ Commission Exhibit 323 —Continued 892 ^ ' \ (0 CO .^ '^^^ ^W^ V^ ,^^ -J, w,Vv.^^~ -^MT"^ ^ >:Jb^ VX- N^ v^ oiX^ ^ Si5»^i»j:». •a o ^iXvJJ-S*^^ *«v^. Q^v...:^ \.^^9LJ ^ hi y^ vLcSjC-^ ;fctw w<— JU^ K-s«w—-^ Ivj-t N^. ^.A—v*x^ "^ K«^^^. Commission Exhibit No. 323 --^= lW,..»M»^ili» Commission Exhibit 323 —Continued 894 (0 K vOj,./*— (0 V"^^^ C2<^cLj^ ^^vJU^ \U- v.^ c^gL/ |l.-i:>-(?f^ ^ (^ Conunission Exhibit No. 323 Commission Exhibit 323 —Continued 895 ^j..-^SL H o — Commission Exhibit No. 323 Commission Exhibit 323 —Continued 896 ^^ (0 (0 ^rv w.-Vk- Y^-^ Orsx:_ Sux:!^ o^ ^u:- ^0.4^ .^.jr§SL ^^^..^U 3L^i:JL. SU-Xe- \Jl^ >iU>-P Vv^T^^V. ^^^-^ ^^—'^-->^ -^='^^2-> ."H-^ ., OilA^<^ Ov-. ^'"'^^^ V. I V. ft . ^ L_ . n ex '.Mrr,T.Tir ^-^y^f- ^^ - Conunission Kxhibit No, 323 Commission Exhibit 323 —Continued 897 ""^- "^ <^? z^- //-tjl ^Qjie.^^.^%^^ % i-^.,^ J> v^ J^^^ IMc^J^Jlfi . q^-JjU D.A.'s ^^Ot- t^^^ CL^^^.--^ C0 ^ V->\> \.iLv . A-CL.C 'is^.J-^ V^cv.^,^^^. JfJ^ UJiiHUI ^^^ — Commission Exhi but No. 323 Commission Exhibit 323 —Continued 898 1 ^" i! kC\fl-v«' ^-^o-^fi-4; \^j^ ^«twl.-e . 7^-- /^A—/b^.:?!^ y- Commission Exhibit No. 3Z3 UD Commission Exhibit 323 —Continued 899 '^\ ^^A^ K_l xx^ •—-^-' — "l^ve^jO ^^w. <^.y^--^U^ .X-- '^c^..^ \^ ci^ ;v-> C:/- j )^ 5^ ^^^0.0. & gcLCc .fc/l^ ZH^ O^J^^ V- N^>v ^JL c^^^K^h^JLj? lyX v-^ ox. ^U- <^Uj? V-^ ^-^ t bJJI ^ V:, ^^ V-^^^:.^':) \is<^ K^.i^"'^^^ cJu^~tK^ 5lJ^-^c^-^ —^ c^ SU^ ^'"•^- Vjj^ "Wv^ ^k- 5^^-w- Vou,;^ . . K-<— ^ fv^jk^ /^ I ^.x^ Commission Exhibit No. 323 Commission Exhibit 323 —Continued 901 '-\ 5^ ^^..J^X^ ^jv-^:3t^5l Q^U-* ^ vv^Y^ "^^^^-^^ ^-f 52 ^ A..,^j>^<> sr^srsEsis i^F^'PW^^iT'^^^^'T*"*'*'*"'^ '— ComiTiission Exhibit No. 323 CS> Commission Exhibit 323 —Continued 902 ^ :o -\^JU VW^t^ y}S^^rr^ U^-lill^ t JU Jl^ ^r^^-' /'{C^y — Comnrission Exhibit No. 323 Commission Exhibit 323 —Continued 904 '\ tJU-^ 1-;^ C-€Qe^A .^ ^ NA5-a^ t^^ jLo^ cV- -5^:— iSu^c^^^^'K^.-^^ ^J2 -rvs^^ .^ "^ A^cAjf^ A^-Lo^^^Oc Jir.juii^<^ K>-._€^ '' ^ A-^^XJ? iztU-^ '(L^^..^ ^^.^jjiij J} ^j^r^M^ ^o f.-0-tsy ':z5-^. W T»»i^_>l rx-—^'i^ "^ CSd-v^ \>_fejr ^v^jLJU^ rv^C^cx \j^ s. J^-^Uyh j^- JXs^ e«:^ nJI Uc.^- ^^:6(L< C-w \./-j-«r» qJI^uul .e v-oz,.^^ jij9-erRR.L*^jyL« (io,^ iLi^\^ ^ar5^33 1 11 lll^J' Commission ExMUt No. 323 ^ Commission Exhibit 323 —Continued 906 "^ C h^^^S^^Jl .:fc£^^) ^ c^ -^QxxJ2je .^.juA /ic^-^ x$L c>>^ Jw.^ wU*:^ .x>^ Uv, :^4^ ^^^^-a/>-^ X^. U^v!^ ^2^.v^ 5 -^ iU. ^ Ovi^^ ^JO^^ ..^^^SL rX^Ul<^ \ H.c^^ -^^ VwSl ^ V^^ -^^HHB irr-iT" Commlssian Exhibit No. 323 Commission Exhibit 323 — Continued 907 r ^ 6- 6= ^ :?^. Conunission Exhibit No. 323 Commission Exhibit 323 —Continued 908 'X" (0 Sk fc^ %^<^,Z^ SxQ»o.;Uj;Lo (li^^u^ CU^^^^J^c KkjJLJ^ '© '© X t>>K. tKjiij^r^rcrcrtyJl *53^ v-^^ ^f-vivx,-- *?cssr32 >i ».|iiie« 11 A c:S> Coiiunission Exhibit No. 323 Commission Exhibit 323 —Continued 909 ^-: v»^-V <^ <-^ ^*^>4^x-^ mJiQj^ u^-IXl JZ/mvjl.^ ^^fc;^ IL^ , is CU-vr-^ // A/M "^ ^-v^-v^- <:-^^ji^ iJ^^^^ p^ ^vJU. Oc^ v.-^^^ V.-.C_^ a-Su_^ jt::^-. i^jc^i-^^ <<* ^' iwjp a^H I « III i» -^^ "-11 — Commission Exhibit No. 323 c:^^ Commission Exhibit 323 —Continued 910 41 T A>«^ 'V«i.^ >^ v^-o^ A-c ^^W-^9->^ >SooT«^- Vo^-«--v^ ^^ "tiJL^ c3>^^,v^ vv^-<^ C_ t:^ >K^-o, jx. (si-£-^ V>-,>C r^-<./v f^jjOsjL^ ilV^ vi^ \^^,-JU}^ ^Clc. JCZi^ Commission Exhibit No. 323 ^^ Commission Exhibit 323 —Continued 912 I ^ ^;3:.a>^ v^ '^ tU "^^ ^^Os^ ^ ^i2^"-<^ o-JL^ \, ^sv-„.o-o~- "^cSuo <^^^>\*uCv^^ 'ixx^l^A^ ^ ?^-?^ G^,ourL <^ •tss uEz: ar Commission Exhibit No. 323 Commission Exhibit 323 —Continued 913 15" A Ov. GL^ i^.,,_y_ Wv^..J(2^ iU-^ 0.iLiUv-~ -M^ ^-vV ^cx-uw^- V-AfV) V-^ tr^jZtvj ^ -Aiii^C-, 5? ^ CO XjL^.-iL.-.l^ ^SV-Q^^^ V-v-~>«^ \,-*^ ^-^:CsOU^^ \!5JS^J^«'—il^ ff-^t '^Vn^ v,.,^ 'Si,^ ^-^--Vo-cfi ^v*oS5;5j^ JiJli'~'^Jv_^ ^,---»- ^c. eoov. Vcs..—*^ S2 <5^ r!! 4-^ Q-o CO .i.^ r^XESJE 3»C . II n. . ,| l . . :2.fe- Coinitissioa Exhibit No. 323 Commission Exhibit 323 — Continued 914 \ u-.,.^?.^ .j^ MH'K JU^ SUA- ^n^cu^^ JIJ^ cO^i \Sy-^ —t^«y»("~-\' --^^ v^ (^ ^o.Hu..^Q.^^^^ A»J-J? ^ \' . <^ .•'1,.^'V^ ^L^V^rw^ xs.-^-^ ^w^q9 o.-^^ fci^ U^ ^^^Vw^ ; nra irfv.rjn ^ {j^^'y \/ Commiaslon Exhibit No. 323 Commission Exhibit 323 —Continued 915 t » , -*•- r^vvc..^. f^ .IAN 10 y] THIS SIDEoV^lLxFfe^S FOR AODRCSS^ ' -' [u.S?llOS^GEi ' /' ^ X. 1 •:^-ir^^ •» tf * .^^.^ -s.-^-^.-r, Commission Exhibit 324 916 Coinnlssion Exhibit »:. ^ ^ —^ /g/ ^^^Xf^ u/i^^ ynJJ^ y- ^^ UJ^^ J.^^^ yu^a^ Commission Exhibit 325 917 S/farina Oswald Attended Mass, i Had Quiet Yule K\ BliJ. BlRRrS SHE WENT TO midnight Staff Wrilpr mass on Oiristmas Eve at Im- Marina Oswald, surrounded maculate Conception Catholic by presents from all wvcr the Church in Grand Prairie. Ma- United States and tlie world, rina is Ci-eek Orthodox, but Se- said Thursday. "I've never had cret Service men felt this would a Chrislmas like this before and be safer. I probably never will again." On Chiistmas Day, the broth- Somewhere in the Dallas area er of Lee Harvey Oswald, Rob- the 22- year-old widow of ac- ert and his family, visited cused assassin I/ce Karvey Os- Marina. wald was living out the historic, She wandered around the se- tragic year that struck her like cret quartere for long periods an explosion. of time. Sometimes she listened She .followed ihi-ough with to Ch/istmas carols over radio Christinas in a manner familiar or television. to many Dallasites, except that Marina continued her studies she is being held in protective of the English language and custody and a Secret Service watched television, including man rvcn followed her to her favorite Steve Allen Show. church. Was she depressed? THROUGH A DIRECT contact "I don't knew," said a man i with Marina, thi.s story emerpes who sees her every d;v of her Christma.s: was quiet a few time.s, In her secret quarters Marina don't know if anything was i came down with a mild case of bothering her." influenza last weekend, but advisor Marina's business is shook it Daughters off hei-self. now busy getting a flat stone June l.«e, 2, and Rachel, two marker for Oswald's grave, as months old, didn't catch it. the young widow requested. She visited and put flowers "I want a cross and some on Oswald's grave at Rose Hill small flowers to be put on the Cemetery on the outskirts of stone," she said. Fort Worth again on Christmas Eve, her fourth pilgrimage to the grave of the accused assas- sin of President Kennedy, who was then killed himself. MARINA, A 100 POl-ND bru ette, was surrounded in her roasonahly spacious quarters with gifts. They came from everywhere— boxes, cards and packages. : There was another Bible in i Russian. That makes five. There i wei-e 15 dolls for June Lee and Rachel. There were clothes for all of them. Standing around a ti-ee deco- lated with American typical lights and baubles. Marina said: "I think this is wonderful." Commission Exhibit 326 918 MARINA OSWALD'^ All the Pity In World Won't Help HMMt ». fl*ml<« hi h«« ^ ¥r 4tr. litlwiliJ br mrngf H*r ph4 i^—> pMMi tarn. TW nm «l» tiM ««l nil *• bataM alWM 4 kM tfealMari M* «r«rtiM AM • tt MU nStt )< Mil WHkr iwtitc Marir»>t N. OtwaW turri*'! mimblv Sfcjr. Itinjufh f*" '"•-•^ '' • •'•'^'^ .r./..-,wi.-- Si. r,.r.tv ..II I . u,:,- ot ^--'^..'4 .-.-,',...,, cr\ At 8«M J!u»9»*p-m M«rtr.i Swto. fee IS.. IW^ M^US TWa «il(LO •A SIMPLE THANK YOU The Weaihf Whttt Ta f,r.j fodof'i Chtttkit: KV. . „,, .,4 i mm. „> Commission Exhibit 327 919 Commission Exhibit No. 32fl UPI TtleplMto WIDOW MRS. MARINA OSWALD . . . will testify before Warren probers Mrs. Oswald Will Bare Life of Mate DALLAS (i;P!) — The Rus-I The mound of dirf at Rose 5ian-bnrn widow nf Cemetery still is un- accused lUI! presidential assassin Lee Har- marked but a source said vey Oswald will go before the that Mrs Oswald ordered a Warren commission early small headstone for the grave. next year to help fill gaps in She hopes to have a small the commission's record of cross and some flower repli- her dead husband's travels cas engraved in the stone and dealinRs Mrs. Oswald and her chil- A source close to Mrs, Mar- dren now make their home at ina Oswald said she would an undisclosed motel They j testify before the commission. moved to the Inn of the Six which is mvesngatmg Presi- Flags shortly after President dent ;1 — i.u; 3 assassination. Kennedy was assassinated, Chief Ju.s1lco Earl Warren but have moved again. heads the fact-finding com-i Scaut Sen-ice men still inittce. guard the woman and her For Mrs. Oswald, the past youngsters. •nonlh has been a lonely and It was m that motel room, uncertain one somewhere in the Dallas-Foit In aland where she has Worth area, that the yiiiins- (cw friends and docs iiol un- est Oswald child spent her dcr-iland the native tmiftuo, first Christmas There was a she has turned to religious tree. toys, and even a visit af!Uidanctf from Mrs. Oswald's brother- The 22 year-old widow went in-law who lives .31) miles to to a solemn midnight mass the north In Denton. Tex. Christmas Eve at a Greek Reports said .%frs Oswald Oilh.idn\ church and then wouUl be railed on to lestifv Commission Exhibit 328 920 Money Gifts to Tippits Near $200,000 Mark DALLAS (UPIi— Money kepi her mortgage was free and clear pouring in Monday from all over to her and she will not pay taxes the country for ttae widow and on it, the IRS said. three children of tlie police of- Mr*. Shirley WiUiamson. a ficer slain lr>'lng to seize acciued Fort Worth boutewUe who fett usaasln Lee Harvey Oswald. It eampassloo for the widowed was trickling in for Oswald's Mrs. Oswald and her two babies, widow. said tbe fund for the Rnialaa- bore 23-year-old widow bad Ceanlen and auditors worked , reacted )7.U0. ibroiigh more sacks of mall (or Mn. Marie Tippil at police I Mrs. Williamson said she had headquarters with the weekend received $102 today for Mrs. Os- | flmte at 074.838. A ranatng wald. tatai, to l>e coafirmed taler. pot Mrs. Oswald and her babies, 6 { tiw amount now received at al- i weeks old and 22 months old. most tZM.tM. were under the protection of the Secret Service. The Internal Revenue Service Mrs. Tippit and her three chil- •aid no derisions bad been made dren, Allen, 14; Brenda. 10, and on taxation of donations A Curtis Ray. 4, were home, mourn- »pokesman said, however, there ing theirlo.ss and still over- was one big cootributioo the 3&- whelmed by tlie outpouring of year-old Mrs. Tippil would not glft.'i from grateful Americans. have to worry about. The check The gfits continued to come Is for more than $12,000 sent by such volume that police did not Walter Annenberg. publisher of refer to letters but to "aacks of Uw Philadelphia Inquirer, to pay niaU." Commission Exhibit 329 ft , . p N* hi*XV\ 'ember 7, !96,^ Oswald's Widow Reported Hoping To Be U.S. Citizen ! FT. WORTH. Dec. 7 (UPI)- .Marina Oswald, widow ot the suspected assassin of President Kennedy, was quoted Friday as ! savins she wants to l>.;come an 'American ciliren. I Mrs. Oswald. 23, Russian-bom i mother of three, bur.n into tears when she learned that at least $7700 had been sent to her by I ."Sympathetic Americatis. Mrs. Shirley B. William.son, part-time private investigator and hou.sewife, headed a drive to raise money for Lee Harvey O.'iwalds widow and children. An a.i;ent. who has Mrs, Os- jwald and her children under guard and in hidinp. was quoted I by Mrs. Williamson; I j "She said thai she didn't be- llieve the people in America, the people anywhere, could be this nice." ' The apent ropoitcdly .said she is a "very nice, highly-inlelli- gcnt woman who is enthusiastic to learn the ways of America. She wants to be an American and continue to live here." Commission Exhibit 330 740-536 0-64 vol. XVI- -60 921 CommlBBlon ESchibit No. 331 Dallas Civil Liberties Union Affiliated with American Civil Liberties Union p. O. BOX ^SS^ Dallas, Texas January 6, I'.ok PRCSiOCNT TCL .«..-... '^°^ Thome 502 Jollago .. )::u:io::H: .«. ^^an i Irralrio lex secitCTARv CABL BRANNIN Jamsa !<:artln T£L. T*i-»«T» C2 « Oollaga 5C2 Oollags TRCASURCR rana trairia iax SAMUEL E. ZIEGLER '.r jorralls BOARD or OIRCCTORB iacret service MRS. PEARL ANDERSON ^ RUBIN s. GINSBERG p';' Ervay ' NOLAN B. HENSARLING JallaS 1 SX LOUIS MEXTER MRS. ELSIE JOHNSON J. H. KULTGEN. JR. j-S li&ii .; wdfiil^u LEWIS B, LEFKQWITZ RABBI LEVI A. OLAN f . l407 liox OR. DUDLEY M. POWELL jrand pTairia Tax GRIER H. RAGGIO L. N. O. WELLS. JR. h'^edaral i\;reau :f Ir.v ink Joaraorca . '.illa.g T».: T oz^ v/riti r i - . t fron a story i . published in the ..aw .ork iiaas ol -ac 21 on tha status of rs Laa H uswald ainoa the arraat and daath of har husbanu. iha iimau story cantered on the theme that oernaps ::r3 Oswald is bain" hald inooranvaiicado. The nati inai oifice of tha Arjerican Jivil Libartia'j union in Kew York Jity hao raoaived a conaiijrabla numDjr of in- quiries about thg atatua o! Mrs osw^.ld. In raap^nse to t.nia, tiis A.o. office s.ntactad me aa preoiiant of ita Jallaa affiliate, asking if I oould d9torr..ino tha exact .^r.ture of t'.-,a situation. I callal the oecrit jarvice ^fl'ioe and talkad with a r i-atterm, who assured ,.a rs caw-Ald is fraa to cone ; and pp a.i ho pleasas. Asking than ti ssa .aer, I v/as tol'' ' o c ntpot!rs Oawalci to speak as frankly aa she can about her ag: 9eing to the security measures that si em to aurrounJ her now and about her present sit'jation generally. I ho:e I make it clear there are ni> personal doubts about the ooro- potence of Mr Oswald's advisers. Tha roojest I neike is in response to confusion about Mrs Oswald's status. The Dallas Civil Liberties Jnion board of directors will maat later this week. May I hear fron you no later tnan ihuraday? Sincerely 3r eg Olds 3ox 584 or 1516 Tixnberlal.e Richardson Tex AD5-5555 oftice ADl-0641 hoae President Dallas Civil Liberties Union CCS Krs Ruth Paine 2515 W 5th Irving Tex American ;ivil Liberties Union 156 fifth Ave -Jew iork Oity 2i Y Commission ...jnioit No. 331 ^'^^••'" -^ '' T -'n'vi-'-rii Commission Exhibit 331 — Continued 923 TRIPUCATE -^'Xn^^MT Bauer audio v i d e o n c \ 04252 > , . ''''llnilHf' 2911 NO. MASKIU AT tXPUESSWAy • DAILAS 4, TEXAS lA 8 0588 NIGHT ONLv CM 6873 OK Dl 8 3975 1 DATE TIME RENTAL PERIOD DELIVER SET UP CUSTOMER, PICK UP ^ ^AJo^ I , A2-< CUSTOMER ATTN. OF // ^^ ^/ti T^ /^ °/V 7' c^h s iCTMr^b u^ ADDRESS / ^ C^ ^Z ^^yx />L .-'' />s. CITY , )'^ C ^ .t s STATE fW-u^AA DELIVER TO -Jl ATTN. OF Commission Exhibit No. 332 SPECIAL INSTRUaiONS OPERATOR PHOTOGRAPHY TAPE RECORDING QTY SERIAL UNIT Extension / /^ C-^tf^^ c I^<<- ' ^ /Jfh ^/ v./^ /V ^^^ <- <: 5x,^ Z^:-: ^"i 73^ VLrlZ^ /-:?q ^ X? / '/^^s 4 /^/g ? jj"^ yp/yM»^ ^/' We unde'sfond thot this is for rental only for the period specified, that we are re sponsible (or the safe return of the obove equipment, and wc will be billed for ony Oamage to the machine other than defects caused by normal operation. STATE TAX DELIVERY PICK UP ^ SIGNATURE X TOTAL $ ^'^^^ TIME PLACE CUSTOMER 1 TO RETURN I I T / / - J 67 V b PICKUP n SPARE LAMPS ARE FURNISHCD FOR YOUR CONVENIENCE. YOU V^ILL BE CHARGED FOR LAMPS AND ACCESSORIES NOT RETURNED. • Commission P]xhibit 332 924 C/fc,0€cce^^f^ ^ r.^^^oj^^ /^^^o3 / — "^c^^5^ o^t^^^^e^ o^a^^-t-o Commission Exhibit 333 925 •Z^C?^fc i^t^t^y*^ ?,-B<^V 9^^ €y^y-t,C^ j^ yVc^tL'Tl^ .^-^-g^t^ /^^ , ?rb^ ^/^^^^ OgT-^C^^^^^O ^/.^^y^c^^ CP^o^^^ ^^^e^. ^p/^^-:^ XS^o^ ^^/^^^ ^^p^^^^c^T '^"'"' '^^^--^-o. ^^,^,~^ ^*^(^ C^y^Oty^ ^7yo '?t<' c^-i' c^ ^.^^ly C/l/^/o u/y^ C^r^o^6 Commission Exhibit 338 — Continued 926 1' ^ ii , . \.U- -^S_- -^^^^rn-'-e.^ -T^v^a^^ ^*2^>^*v^ ^., , - I Commission Exhibit 333— Continued 927 'Z^^-n-tx^ ,..^f^^ ^-/^y-A^-c^ ^.^Ac "Z-^y^i^ —<:^ ^t2<^^>»'» ^-p-ruy —/i-tJrjyucLC^Z^ --^^^ '^^^^^^o^ I Commission Exhibit 333 — Continued 928 J /^ -sf?^-**^^ /y^/i^e^^^ .-Ac^ -^ce./^>^^^f<2y tsc^ ^.^.-e^lc^. \\ f:?';'^'C;«:^<5C^ _-t*>u<.J.^;^ ylt.^.i^-^^f'Z^iaii^ ^ - \ - ^ ^-^^ -^j<-t<- ^<^^£^ ..^^t!:^ _-^^l^^,:^r^: 2G^!SiZ:' Commission Exhibit 333— Continued 929 ^J^iecuu^ --rl^ ^-^^^Cy ^^<^--^^CCyS^ ^,^Cl-'r-Z^y>-4ly^ , Commission Exhibit 33^5 —Continued 930 Commission Exhibit 334 931 Commission Exhiuit 335 932 Commission Exhibit 336 933 Commission Exhibit 337 934 Commission Exhibit 338 935 Commission Exhibit 339 936 r CoBunission Exhibit Ko. 340 DEPARTMENTAL —Continued Commission Exhibit 340 938 laslor; Kihlbit Ho. 341 LEE HARVEY OSWALD-THE MAN AND THE MYSTERY Suspected Assassin of Kennedy Was T Withdrawn and Friendless mj DONALD JAXBON DALLAM. Dtt. 1— rm v««Ju[ui«iL uM h« xprai -Tr-,\\ .;f ^ . rirt>««v* U(«i- tkM »er*wt «. ,i,lf«tr li.»i SrpierDtxr Ht n- 1 »M«i«, Ln M Qi>mM. •t»i ln£W c»uM |«i>iM>rt had *ppI1t4 M • u rw D>aw c\ty bu •'' •'«»•« «*< «r.' • Tk, ,6, f. dj'y th«i..ipiK«™u«rt„. foibminK a pt« it^ , Wfc«r« />*» 0*KVMi li^ *u muni to Fort Worth to [ TVmM 0/ vt)( &a;>»ourf (v* at bi» wttnc mfihw ».-» Ii> li/, jf^nf "f U# He liiocKM hfr by »t.,inc ' mtl hrrm r>«r v«a( u t;>oin> nttiibooKM PASujC lor E-jn>p« mmm Icfht M Ik* tro.Mr4 nd< OswkM rwched Mmcm- Oct 1 ••/•r* ku tfrofh. , [•"•hippatj npon accM." On" Xm Harr^ Ovald « *" *• vpMrvtf „ _, ,, '" " „„,--, •( Otcl "^^n^Jy- ''rtf'K* -.- , faUierrd by , Arrlvtoi br bin S«pL !•» ( , X Ott I* IBM. ta N>» OrlNiulL'nlUrfSUlfsanbaMy andnldj'^ Falaial Bumtu *t InvcaU-i called His (au«t. a nt« lii»miicrl)v W4* -itirmixb- utd bad ajv l"*^ (Ao^i. t^uban ar^ Savin aalMnwA. bad diM two monUi* ;u«-rt for SoirtM eHUauMp. Htal SB«>a*rr .-TidpBca tfiTtlop^'f'M- a vim to Ruo btt0.-«. ViTiai purnial c^iliUncc moiho- ln«d ta ntl hlni IoMmi-i'f"» ""X ilio^M thai It ».a«|H« asVad Iw »aiH actKMi and ir M rtccfvfJ caim trom hit KH1- oow Hebun{uponb#r "r»t u»^ Apnl 10 !« lira iWol«a» lol'• toi'inand in Ormauv i» nytni •( ifte rtnllas Y M bjf hw SorijUui npfubllf. CA : But Ow country of hla chpl«|'™t ^ muoh. Thi — "" Tf.urC to iruit Tlif WUia acq^ilTtid a «t»p-jui*p, Tb« f»l*M. Cdwoi A tckdsril •rlMnirtmAUMNl at an altm and fcnuid *>" *prll 2* l>f was 41»tovtr«l hi* cwUcr narrKid tor tlM tbiTd wtrt In a nhm fn»tat (attnr7;"y "" «cqi«»nlanc« packi Uma (w« yeart latar |ln Min»k for ruWta (JMSO)|»"* ready to W bua UM Ha did »« havt Mm hmcla month [Npw Orlmput Manna and ih^i •n^ Eckdabli iMk him to fort| Lif» ihn» ad4«d mors ftw- baby went to Iminf. near DaJ- Wonb, wftara iba hii!t«n4. an iraiionj to a nOnd l«nf birf- l«J^ to «•> »-i'.h a /naod. Mi* fHflMcr *a» (TaTitM a div^rcrCetM bv Uvm H* toW abou: M-cha*! R Pain* •*'•** Ibrm lal«T Lowwai^ca. cro«rdM I" >*»« Orl»«aj Otwald flra: Lm "-aa timoti 1 wbni bt oujjtrra imn prtvaty. im paid I**** with hu auei found waa annHled in tha f,p« fta4« vacation. •Fc>not«iou9 food, ""ork a? an niwr of njuipmait ThreuKht^ji ftamwiury a<:I)(»l( fotc«) l»itii«i on Cammnatam « a rof/M Marvnouic. found U Fort Worta he nk* a ihiid dunas lur^h boun (cheap aparcmfm anti of air«faE* inu^igcnc* and lew B„t ,[,„, ^^, MaWwi. Be wW* May Mrs, ralitc toohl II »«T aa "orhlae in itr-r*. B^ rt^ ,„ j^^.j ,,^ r^t ha (ii«li«) f V. Portrait of t m befwi nipi Rrvoluilonary Mao Tw-twci U* Uice Iw bad reached UwlMarlna A year and a halfh,Uler In lun: »« reading -Po.-- M *.ltb r*ie. Mra Ho«-.rd Oreen ,,, „, ,.JS Irytng '.ran ^^ a r-.ewtent. a b.^ ' r«»JIs.h«li»fltakfi)»BiM*reil, -J bearech v.^ - hi wrwV Ar "WA" ol Pmldant Keoiwdy, InbooXa. poisibly na fWus* Sedaior Joan C. Towr of Twas "M "Tlia Hu«y Long MuMw By Uien be waa cinriir a loner., ;„ ji,.„ary IHS "toriae l«c)|C»*«" •» acccutu of the ae- **?•;- l."'*"^'""*^'~'"!">"l"«t»«' "' >"l*it by tlK!»a**>*tl<» 0* tha Louluana Mily .Jetacb^d. jsovia Ualon of a clt»en of theiP^UHfal leader In Junior nt^ t'lUttd Sialei. a(!aln>l and ekpresaerf dnires' Oavald started ]unlar hlcr acAool ia the Bronx Hit moth After Swrnof relerred Tww On J-im ;« Owald appliRlj the matter te Ibe Slake Orptn- '<" » rasipurl lo viali Europe] er had ra^vr^ lo Nrw Twk m ment, iha embany anemeri Oa- '"f Sovjn u »^ !>» lo b» «ab hu brother, wbc ,*al4'9 panpon to Whid* tiia rerorili in Haahtngti wal in mOltuy aemre. i„y, ^ ^ daughlae, Itaa Uae. <«ly tftit ht had a repulatUn Sarltnia proUcm* btnmc ob- bom F*b. 15 IMl. (w (««» Marxiaf tnioliing "^"^ ™^*?™" ^ Kea. O.-, wald. Wh-la Ms BWtkcr •"brltcd ' MeMwhile. the Marme forpa. ThU mai lRiu(nn ' MUM offinr. Ha hmni] ti»t,hitur ktttr of protMt to J«»t»>e paaaed out Maflatioo CanaJi "-«*— ' , V*"''"""** 7«~*aM» •*>'B Cu...lU>t J< u>- »/ te'"*' 'nr tha Fair Plav for •Urbi»Ww«aiidw*teWn,tri,.l„ ^^ „,^^ .^ ^j^ h««ae^Ci*h» Committee, a New York- , «> viMoB m the OawkfaT* »-aB c^^rnor rbaaed 'KT>-CMMiTo orxanloilion d* Teaaa. fura.«hrt apartment much of yt^ jimaie voi^ng nan wUh 'bat tni dfT.«rt he refeewoied ^ "' NaWbon reported vet iBOLher grievance wrote lo '-ftem otficlam Km he „, cwmatly thai aritf hii r^ *"" a scrap* wttb an an'.i- pla]r«d aiOM «-iih loy funi Mr ,^^^„ [^ ^^ United BUtea I Cakiro Cuban ihai day. 0«*«ld l.rro found him a withdrawn fined Ufl m monldpii: ,u j^Up„^,py ^] ^,„, ^0 r,j^( and fnendleaa «bo waa tsu g,„,, mittake child wttrt for aiaturblng Ibe peact^l tai,ni*j at achool bfraua* of hU «,„., ,^,^ ,„( y,^ by the! On Se,>l n he got a IS-layl 5«itbt-o draul and bcobM b*.L'r,irt State. Emfcw« in Mo»-l>~rt»t card from IM MeWcaa WW Wu* Jrana, ow;, tt* Or-ald fimiu iravcled'COMtilale, rcpreienUnic hlRueVfi thai Ui. ..« .^booi wu«Mto» ,(^ „_ jMI ' ,lo vail Mf*it>,. Ctaldrw. Co^n Mr C.rro per,^e«• «*»« [(o^d U» fazntly Uvia. on Ml .ukded U« weltk.-* .gene? toj in Fort Worth tha OwriJdi-a week In wtemptoyniejit Hep. b-jt khe laid lia reprv lived with reiative*. then found ehecks, and took Harlaa. preg-ll ' aenlath-e to "pleaae herp oyt of|, cheap furr.ahed kpartmeol of oani aod June Ln hcwe family aflaln.- She lald h«Tij,f„ own L*e found Ih* first, her 8epi_ 13 . boy a treiibie waa only a niattercf a »«1m of unakllled )oba ihat' Oawald ti>U inem he would go' "if""^^- 'provided a bare living 'to Housion lo look (or ^""' •P'***"^ before The Oswildi »ooB found their ;h« aurled hoorj after throe OiUOren'* Court Ju««eija,y to a FUmlan language left but for Menlco ' — E»;-h rKommndtd P<>«iiatt« .^^is nt the Fort Worth pubU- treatment. Mta On.aId de- utrarv nut put them In io«cl mK^TTKL A fourih juOge to.i B„tu ih* blm lo tHa Toatb lloua* for,D»Uaj Ruulan tpeaklM fort Wcrtft- m^ Boya in the Bro™ Imumly Si-wral n^emben tie wat examiATd (or a month immirranU and Uanna was there In IK3. Th* chief pty- ,^t^ of irnh Ir.fomialion onl ehlatnn. Of ftenalui Kartegi. the old couatry for Iheni foona that the f'ira 13-yrkr-a»9) Tbey liked her and lovdcd the] had fhuophrenie lenlencM* Or'-tMi to their homca Tliey aodwa, -poWTvtlaUy da-Tgw- varied hor alu. and brought' """ cJoUiing acd a playpen tor thr eaanunalion perfonned tai;. .hm ihey dlacoveiM incir .. f.^.t aco. found 0«-«ld (o firuncia) pli-ftt be Mil of anjer althourt out- b.-i iMirVwndthlp ««rdly ta'ja. 11 found he Md .^^ ,oop fautra Wli (aniames lavolvuif iinl*nc« 77* fath«rt*iii bxy had of autbonty. Ilud oa a falber aymW »iia penon.Uly •ai,»^„(^ „a ,„(|< unruined mcPuuv., ajtrekme Tbe.hale in Oswald jr-* He Mn OiwiU 1 and her *"«' bourne dkUtoruu at home K»l retrTTtwl to New OrleKu, home ion hit job. One Mitht on* of(| ot nee jittrr. TTier* Be ftnlthed Kartaa'i IrlxMe f ei "Btii'i and ntnlh (rare* ai- ber akHloj if ah* i untlanFc intr^Tf^ Qradet vere^om avTrage. >!t «« ueoeapKiJou*-; Wfn-n ihe (. Fo«ekt OtbM Ba/a ""^^ '*' "^ '"'" *""""' i'^" ted trufn hit hilling her Ha atarled (pending iparr iioklng Sb« ta>cd (eveiai. time lo K"* Orleana Ubranr? dsya, tntn mneed lo Ihe home be aaid ialar, rodlnf aboKt of another Dallai woenan for S' Boob tbc youth She TMuriMd when her bua- HU Umr it waa bark l« arain. Mean- Ton Worth. Ka ntrrti tenth whUe, he no*«d Is DaUat at.d trade there. b*rt a month laier got a trvond unakliled ! fji; to joiB !b« Maruva |*1tlch he held rroni O-toher Tbia via to October. 1*94. arepk after B« umtd IT Oawald lie vat eapopntar with UajHe rrt^it^ a poit ajfiec boa bwldtes Ha tattglii • tot. tMl]*^^^^ undtr lb* narec ' ir«oM big enoueb to win. Oa-i**"***!" «• rw^vwd 1 • »W did beeomi a jaad Miot Worver and the MlUtani. a' wtih a rifl*. attordiBg lo f>oo-;Pafw aid Ccodo'Ui. a Maria* wrgraiTtj^' who waa h» Mctua bead. l"^'*!-' "naU renrciine InModinf 1» — Trotikyltej "" """ . .. . . Mm K. DMoraB. hla rem-!''"-'" Cumnninitt party t Btflccr at a radar air.l'-aritrt in New Tnrk nicr at l^iatw. CalU *bere be had a-niten foi •aid0»«ald had n«d Ruukan •nrtpapn^ and af>*Bt • lot of And tait March 10 l>m« (tud^ln| Iha ftaiMan tan. ''•^ A Htdell fu>t( i'mill or pMtel U N. 7. icsrMl-AvMtMa DALLAS, Feb. 22. On« — ot the men who put tht jnnger on accused ass&uin Call It a series of coincid- Lee Harvey Oswald after ences, if you will. But here they Ipresldent Kennedy w«a are: I killed also has been hol in the hea4. about this aecond thoottnl A shootlnr Is not necsasaHljr turned out to have been a strip- front-pace newt here, partto- teaser In th* DallM nlRhtspot uUrly If the victim Uvea. owned br Jaclc Ruby> on trial There were 111 murders htra now tor Utttnf Oiwald. last year. At one time, not tooff Addinc to this IndfdlMr ato District Attonuy Wad* skein of circumstances That had five aaea la the death came to light today Is the reve- lation thsc the stripper ha* Tura to CO SSI DIKE. Ptg* H committed suicide. TbcM facts, pieced terelher tadaj — euetljr three mentba after Pmldent KennedT waa , —provide a itrante epl- slain lorue showinc that thr Jinx of Tiolrnce rontinaes t* persM aroand firurea iBvalTed In tlw assassination, one war ar am* alber. Commission Exhirit 342 940 1 Violent Dallas— A New Chapter Br BOB CONSIDINE Continued Item First Ptf the window from which briefls protruded the b«rr«l and muZ' boBM, •walUnc their tnrn in ale of the 6.55 mm. Mann- tlM chair. Ucher-Carcano, Is ahut now. THIS IS DIFFERENT It alone among the windows on that top floor of the bulld- But the ehoottnit of Warren ng where Oswald worked. Is ReynoMx wa« different. The Reynolds Motor Co. Is blind shutered — with a Venetian cloee to the spot where Officer the The Iwnd around wlilch J. D. Tipplt flopped Oswald »e. open car was pasalng la heavy he hurried away from the scene with traffic, trucks and can of the assassination. Oswald re- hammerini along the one-way portedly shot the officer three street on assorted errands times and killed him. toward the compleT of over- Tlie nwind of shnntlnf passes Just down the road. None fcrnnf ht ReTnoldo out of his of- stops. Few stow down. flee. He told police that he saw There Is a Uttlc rise of lawn Oswald running awa.v. pnttini; at the place where Preside!^ new shells into a pistol as 1» Kennedy's head was shattered, did. He later joined »1th others Willie he acknowledged cheers in idendfyiiK blm as the man. that had caused htm to agree La«t month Reynolds was with the Governor's lady, riding locking up his office for the on the Jump seat, that Dallas night and had pushed two of certainly had turned out fine the 30 buttons which doused the for him. light* of the establishment i The lawn leads gently npl when & man rose from beliind lo a concrete perula and walit-j • flUng cabinet and shot him Ing gallery, part of the decor In tile temp:e with a J2-callb€r of Dealey Plaza, a bit of park rifle. provided by the publisher of Mr Reynolds has made a re- the Dallas Evening News to re- markable recovery after doctors lleve the hard features of the; had feared permanent loss of neighborhood. epeech. Agaln-st the wall of the gal- SUSPECT CIEABED lery .huddles a sad patch of A local desperado named G«r- wreaths, sprays and potted iier was picked up by the police plants, none of them bearing after the Reynolds shooting but either his name or the name was cleared. His girl. Betty of the donors. (Mooney) McDonald, took a lie A little bowl of three bright detector test that helped spring red full-blooming tulips was a earner Two weeks ago she was relief, bot not enough of one •rreated for engaging in a pub- to keep the eyes off a blanket lie brawl with her roommate. of red roses dee<»ated witli a Lut «e«lt she banged herself In few Ciuistmas tree balls. her cell. The atory turns from chap- Betty never won any beauty ter to chapter, never ending. contests, but she always aiA It resounds in the sometimes (be had a claim to fame. thunderclap trial of the man She had worSied as a stripper who killed the man whp killed •t a place called the Carousel. the man. It li debated In the Jack Baby's Caroasel. solemn councils of the Warren There la pathetically little to Commission In Washington It mark the spot at which John remains "open" on the books Fitzgerald Kennedy was aasas- of the FBI and the Secret Serv- slnated Just three months ago ice, today. And the spot wltere it hap- The sixth floor window of the It is as rortom as an ankepti ogly Schoolbook Depository, (Tsve. Commission I'^xhibit 342 — Continued 941 . "Coe^iftSloo Exhibit Ho. y*l rim.«li> Nmombri ja. l%:i I|„ {Jnila« flurmnii X TRiFFH iiEi.n IP ms Oswald Planned to Ride by Scene m4 UM^ uun I If* Hj"'. (>...!^ p»— rt' . rr<' M (•raMnt .1 ilka«M t- nv- >•'<> |M% vha naiv* >• I -fi alcMr 1h>»ln •id V t >J ait i>l kn hwit Rkmr I iV ivlt oni' ainn- ill' KiioiiM Vim iiMlur< aMt iitnwid Ipft iiti Kr>-klri no) lai AS ripni tiMn.u rakt III* ta M \uMli bnk' armii ihr hrtfler. <.h« (iiifvl tV allpuni* tiullr^i VHrA niL CAS rla iia( t((tn r I* almoa *ri*n .1 m |fi7( IrWQ KQuI tMfnmt h-ik ikr \..r,i. »,,^W- Tlw ia» twikd in«« and ii«air« vhuM <*•' - un (.ir fnr n,^ U,^s am) tK m**) hat b««a rrltt^ ii- Hi ii>i .fuppai* Ih t It r.M f\*U. SD(«Mi««a. a* ih( r«'>- lulrradtt »iiJ lot* IM r*>t't "v< aftMrTOTtT »a* gafV*«l •• I putted "I' >* (hi r...-. >k*a)d ««« rtiMird thai iffvptrf a iia trxcwFitaiM to rryottco- ih'nf rUr Ktialfv A raUCE OFnCER >!*:a.n»d OraaJd irtipofanlv n iW luiKh- Bin Whatey . . . *V >ou *•• TV (ar« (DO pra(4M«. * I5r attd He htadrd 0**aM r. J. .Mi'Wallrn . . . Im> • etikiT-Vat'n w bwUrtttai ti] I jir*^ JdVr cm call a nickel t Itp. I I n> (Ikln't kiKTw Oawal'l t«iii. Ataail iV M*nt ('iwe vrr- nan ef th* SAool Boufe D*- " pMHory thi^i^ Utai laa 4^- $w^* h# tlpp^ nw hi* pii'M^err utilil il» 'miKBi aai t&ofr TW Nsklng IHD HE lEMZ a «p^ tDI iranvl a >< *i«ar.nmdtiii R S Trviv. transfer ».lip in tiii, T? .n. ot IV k.lUr ttTi'iM K< Chiald uhrtt iNr qoflifit mm '-«eri. it >a, rto rail ihar •11 A-i|iiinil iJhi'i a*"' '»>'* •M ilw dmrr -TV pfamlmi nidul a ii|k I f"** I* ''^ iha hirl> tabhta r»fiti#d. rlfni\ til* 111 nail brtn tltoi— ihti t ulli ii4ll>r .' IAbjlr\ • liwUii. >^(n^^ lh«- ait\ tOLUWID > v'l. • i(M Ma>< It mtniAM «f. bteek.J. . he had )'*» til rhf Grfi huuiKl ... .n.i .•! ,/ .Unw'-ViH- >••) firtH ikr Faut ituir«, the H- rnc hu. drttt' <*!.! A lat't Pu> Siaium uiih a iwwniif r JKfPi-fi -flmlib-V ' (t^SS- 1 mad IDal aai urj^ne b^ind m* had bf^i j;:' mt nir V lij*d prird up ai Mcihodtu lr*l mnebcvik ihai ilir iiii*% a» 'aml'Zanc arva . aiw<«Mfti toward hini He • hard iirna — aha a>atiINt to Ha*piial aU>ui ii ni.notn he- a rr;;ivf^ lot Vr i^nanit In *IWU' I Mk^ kci •*)> a )o«« bkxk caKb a iram at ib> irpa. ih* UioaM 1 hand ihe nun' (I 11 Uliy br (wrtll !• Paftf* SiKt* tumad nmn) otl M !>• covid rnakt dill <»ka a ng-iag LKt 11 pnnirxl tiiddl) Ul U' J*fl»rvin •«« a hu-f\ tL" «»i'f 10 Oak Citt'' ("G «(rancr( r^f) pax her mio r^. Md terrtcd m«i aa P«- 'I nuki (<'« Moptighii ^hai That II the nainr V uiad iV thwier. c •>; lor u3 bi«U. Aid Lre Hant> 0««>ldL alia, uVn V "Bovrd i» lau Ort It— »«> To Out Aa}. ibe c«ni racall traMad oR. ArrUEMlT, be had found "t»(ira n* I iratuhi.- tia TSC LOGBOOK tixM* he had iSr ili\ ba'or* V »lart"i nni* • hnhcr or fioi h ttauthi a tr>i«)fh dangf )o rtjoin IM at a UO-Avrvi fniptow ai tbp iK+et nid. II call* thai day. • pikup!>- r-»d and rt fW'^'MI'^ '** *" TV V»jk drpnu-nrs "'I a^xl liini ' t >ai *n upwt liTt<«inf> M IHL T«ANSFCIt ihai h« r» tnr nen of kin in rat* tamt- ih# rad-o Btr*ii iV Prtialern Hr tunad nthi tax block and nutation that rrcalU th* ndr »at pun'htd »>ih MtA'atirni' •h>n| hapfin'd H* uitt 't< • and all ' .h- u-4 mid* >><* *%y back to Elm. » iiti ihr aii*aiiun It marknl i« Sn «• WM ru ' OHn marti K>l:^ diArr ha* a irniiofijni. iorci' it Mar rht md Dlu* f ronr Rwau ; I nvt. diKfrcni kinJ if ponchrrari ty^B-" « 'bW ntwra S* tappad on iha Tbiit . und>'>land"Mr.' 'U|i>ccl tirlwtF J-*»in' ti'«r«i dmr o' a Maruii* tut "li couMni i*" b"" lai»r TBI afrn't. abiHU midniBhi. 10 houri la'ar. >aulil far* thk' Whahy laid. 1 »rrA H* «ai inanai'r ml a khnr siairt a W Vni Avon in II ivunuirt iniar- a«>\ ran is- . U<" dwk -nio ihe iha^irr DHra. K*»M madr r-.»t» ooi*e. Ha IV rawiier n«K»r^lial«'K "I wai drulBi di>v« fiT a'«l TV m^ » iwi« apprtrt ">»'?'> I Mr». rarlftw FnVnii, houKn l«n- or>|[inai*d a* on trftcdoia ai tha chart- Lamar Scrtat. ihMt i"o Uorii* (hialar.^- . lunhM I'l iV rn"^ tV niiMit hU ninh** Mirapi atrt pr*Fii on S« Paul Sir**;— 11 K vxiih (o ih« Cfajhnund Su* rnda fit tn SxIMgol btitroom t>ir«i 7 ifiila- iitorning. pfHira tirmt »iiM ajtain pfn. Tharr >'«f*n't mora ihan Tvrmtoal tm ttw (omar ol la- OiUl-. ematph. '1 w*'- 01 i(V' fubH'l'. « at H atch'tifi lrte\-i "\<*. 1 dii' t'TitfuVr weiit: in* r and Comni»f<» •nrari ittai MrVi'ali^n—4he W« a HwnUc Mhnc •laiion map of 'Thfn dua yMnt man "CAN I TAW- itil. c.h' h« DaUai til fi>kled and I up. Ir^t' HAD iiUxl anJ Uraaki at a pa>i^«iftr ra-ln:— thtNitt lo iha drr fr. i»tcar nr\eF r'..iturtilar bua atop ai »a»d lb* Piraideni had b»*» hud hii (ennd b(\i*A villi lur otd «ill.am *t\n» ' UliaC H-at h- liii) dnii>d arounJ E -n a- Grtr-*-ai»d r Iri hit .^ »faw. ' fud Mi( Robcru I H.I but pttlird up V IV nirr ttlttlr; fthttf^ - lop man h uid 'Vog'tT pwl^iitg my Ir; ' Ht iixft iba il»>d chair ba 1>^ •ertirM a* a inar-w /4 Ht h- (i « iba r(h( . . irm. a iqiMi, burr-haifcd e>- but I tumad tV i^i m S/i* pnhrv ra'i wraait Kt .« itw li MM rtiM mN THAT aaat. Oi«tU Na > iiuntiar and Sa>y CrotI And th«n Mr l«« Khraidi bran w^mld ha. a had a »in*>-« *ir" mivwr O^tt I»o Jin'^a—(Old 0»- Oi« iM » pn-inntmii.*! .A -I COLIOVT "...- -hj: minr in, id an awM tiur^ jirti.r nf fra*di •>wfi (ha bui irauld • aid to gti m. •~tx r-ns «> MiUiFf" •*„! llu- ..lavMIUIKMI lum a< tJM f»-( rf £lrn Sirer. "Taka "* !•> Ninli B'^ii- W "Yi^ifT turr lA a lMiir>.' and V fJ'dot «jv aojitiint- 1 laid. Mis Rrh.f<» imt.f»«l 0»»aM ' Ijttk drfl I kiK/«' H.f« b^'ictt (unhtr »«v. ar>d fn " iha liendtr paupngar (uu rwhM ihrouitfi tV Iwni mnmrntaril} hui Putir* «*ni m Ihr lev*' (V itaivl al a tu-n a< Hou-intt Sut«i M-d aiT to ihf niafhtitP-awMiinf raom 10 hii roont. ihcrc thtwl^ 110(1 un Nor.h B><-k;f. aftdn'i itoii^r a'i)'hi^ par- thai thoT . . lrl( the bouM SV (laild m rtatf^ •! a -nnMO railed TVy round iheir -.'an ' <« ir ft^t*ad •aarcti l>v aarffr. lax afllonamtiu Oi«aId a^-d Mularly lanjtMl '' iha driver tt uai ihrre tha< OmU him [here, ihrnuib iV from It —hidirtg Hell in a m.ddlrwi iurt decfarfd ' t'ta hauird a lot of rhaftfn] rial • Hr ditcartM windrm. ihe valthni a" T\ Aetalr,- *%ppnl h^ rah ptidrr ^-WTpitwrl (i( tV a''**' By i.*» !if*>a •• Md ton* w a ailing unnvarlfd lar wmrr arourtd i<) Ihe rtitfM on Jatkvm (in ami 'han^fiJ in'o a Iik>I Bui Otuabl didn t mait long. >« iraflkr tin and turned l»(t lo Wgod TV HC MAY lUVE graUMd a HKiih. on BerkUy—ibe laM itme fill Fn.rwii't la(r. .hi ab «eni pati lh# Dallit Hotrt Mm. Rt^n. K*«t turn wniil htt A man ai»*j' U. and dra»t*d in Hmrion Siri*i pi'inl, loo for lut driver Pf^videiM k-n 10 Ubaln i'i>a;.-r appr-ttr^ un Ihr IV wtini (loiti»«, gM out o( h't laid he ••vwU hsvY et' II IfMit u« and vilhad to- MORE TtUN V Minutu harf nuiK'td a "buljT' i' OaaaM ward )Ha bill I km( hadn < ntfi-adtirw iV at\a«vnatir ^ad )"n it*«nttg a pu'nl ii> sHDRnv %fstnn t r> d^# ani ih n| ro nJffnd him iK»a'diniI»a4reitt ^-^-ci- 7. Bendiokaon 8A - on Standby at Johnaon Oity, Tax. {cLjC^,-^ aa^c^ ) - « " * « • « (traval^fron Houston) 8. Qoodanough 8A 10- ^Jl.^^^^cJi^ tx-t^U^^^;^^^ ^l-^) ACTIVITY OF THE SECTION Taylor also but Youngblood, and Johna malcing trip with Vice Proaidont Johneon, 3A Shannon worlcad midnight shift at R± Taxue aaaigned to Mrs. Johnson apacifioally. SA Worth, Texas, then traveled to Johnson City, Texas. Other SA'a were on Hotel, Fort Johnson were this date standby in Johnson City, Texas. Vice President and Mrs. making a tour of Texas cities with President and Mrs. Kennedy. Kennedy walked aoroae 8i25aa - VP departed Texas Hotel suite and with President reception of Port Worth citizens. the street to a parking lot - with President Kennedy, reentered Texas Hotel, Port Worth, and attended 9,00am VP, Chamber of Commerce brMLkfaat. 9t55aa - VP andparty returned to his hotel suite. . . I0,02ajai - VP took his* sister, Mrs. Burge Alexander, to President Kennedy's suite and introduced her to "the President (Kennedy). suite. 10«05aa - VP'and Mrs. Alexander returned to the VP's - Mrs. Johnson in Presidential motorcade departed Texas Hotel. 10t37am VP and arrived Oarawell ^FB, Texas llilOam - VP and Mrs. Johnson in Pres. motorcade - VP and Mrs. Johnson departed Oarswell AFB, Texas (Ft Worth;. lli20am AP-2 with 11,55am - AP-2 arrived Love Field, Dallas, , Texas > their arrival VP and Mrq. Johnaon greeted Pres & Mrs Kennedy on at l/li38aB. , ^ J • lli50aa - VP and Ura. Johnaon departed Love Field in Presidential motorcade. 12,50i».12,35ia - President Kennedy shot in motorcade, 12,40pr(ap^«.) '^ V PP«- - Presldeittiial Motorcade and VP and Mrs. Johnson '^'^''f Johnson xas. VP and Mrs. Johnsc ^^ Parkland Hospital, Dallas, Texas. > waited la a section of the hoapital. " SHIFT LEADER "7"^ omas L. Johns Thomas /F DATE COMPLETED D Deo. 2, 196? I f- Comnlsslon Exhibit No. 355 Commission Exhibit 355 950 liOOps - Prosldant Kannedji dlsd at I^ir'icleuid Hospital. Fr»aldartt and Mra. Johnson dapartod Parkland Hospital in .unmarkad pollca cars, approx« liAOpn, andarrivod Lova Field approximately ItJOpo sind went aboard AF-1. Krs. Kennedy and body of Prea. Kennedy also came aboard. 2i^fDi (approx.J - President Johnson eworn in as President aboard AF-1. 2i50ja - AP-1, with Presjldent and Ura. Johnaon departed Love Field, Dallas, Texas. 6i00pD - A?-l arrived Andrews AFB, Md. and President' Johnson made short speeoh/roaarke, and greeted membera of Cabinet' and Congrasaionsil i( Leaders. 6i19f>b •• President and Urs. Johnson departed Andrews AFB via Helicopter. (youngblood aboard). 6t52pm - nreaident and l^s. Johnson arrived vniita House, Washington,! D 0* (Urs. Johnaon taken to residence by H S Knight and Rundle). Araaidant Johnson walked to hia SOB Office. (Rm 274). 9i27pB <• Preaident Johnaon departed SOB Office via auto. 9i4lin - President Johnson arrived his residence, AO^ ^2nd St NV, and remained for the remainder of the night. No other novemants of 'l^esidont Johnson this dJate* President Kennedy aaaaBslnatoSl this date >• full report made by Secret Servioo* ' . - v^ lo/nmisSfOn /^\h'/''- '- Commission Exhibit 355 —Continued 951 Commission Exhibit 356 952 ' VOLUNTARY STATE] • Not Uad«r AmM. Form No. 86 T> SEHSHiDPF'S DQlPAiaTMBNT C(DlLJI<;firY OF DALLAS, TEXAS Before me. (he undenigned auchoricr. on thU the 22r.(;3 day of Nm^r^^r^r j^ x>. 19 63 ' : pe»on>lly appeared ^1 lij' ' '^^"'^ 3025 Ha-.-TTgrlv Se.^ ' . , Addm. . . ^.--.-., i^.; Corjiu". Chrlsti, Tcraa Dallaa, Tcxaa Age , Phone No. -<^ 7 IwJl Deposes and says:* | I ca a ctuJc::t at rdci^iicn Hl^h School In Dallas, Texas. I ea ec5>lcycd on I c-':cr.-act tha Pi=:a Inn located on Ucst Davis Avccua la Dallas. At cfprax- ^ _v.::cly 12: IC:;: today, ny vife Barbara and I arrived la dcwntwAi Dallas and tc;-:: ^.zzi.clzsz to ccc the Prerjidcnt'c taotorcado, Wa took position at tha *.-.-,& cr.u---.-;r;ca of tho Cherifx's Olfice en Koiiston Street, Ko stood there for a tL-iio tallcln^ about various thirgs er.d uare talking about the security "^.-.c-orca that x:ci-q bein^ esc-q for tha president's visit in vhm of tho recent trouble \;hcn li:. Adalai Stevenson had been a recent visitor to Dallas. It cu.-;;: hava been 5 or 10 niir.utes later «haa wo xccro Just loc':lr« at tho cvric;::tdin3 buildings vhan I locked u? at tlie Texas Bcc^ irPft^^^l^y build ins z.-A r.oticcd that the second floor frca tho top had tifo adjoinic^ windoi;a t;hica \.-_-re uidc c;::ca, and upon Icclting I c^j vhat I thought was a nan standing bc"!: a'jcut 15 feet Iroa tl;e vi.v.C~:z and vas holding in his anas what appeared to be a hi pc-,-ercJ riflo bcc;.uca it lcol:cd as thou^ih it had a scope on it. r2 i;;;:::e:;rcd to be holdir- this at a parccTo rest cort of position. I cieationed ::hic to uy x.'ifo and nercly caco tho rcciark titat it csost bo tho secret ssrvico ..-n. ihis n-jrin sr-^zzvcH to bo a white raan and appeared to hava a li^ht colored chirt en, c.:cn at tha r.ccl:. Ka appeared to be of slender build and appeared CO Iiriva c'oi-:: hair. In cbcut 15 cinutcs Frcsidant Kennedy pcccod the trzsxx ..-:ou \;:v2re \:3 vera ctar.din-; and tho notcrccdo liad just turned west on Ela : -r-Jin.-;; c:c-..-n the hill i;hcn I heard a noisa vlilch I thousht to be a back fire. " In i.-.ct SC-.-.3 of the pcCi^ls around Icit^hxd and then in about 8 seconds I heard cr.j:;:.3r rc::crt and in about 3 seconds a third rcp^art. Ify wifo, who had ahold, oil cy hard, started runninc a^d dra^^iiiS OQ across tho street and I never did Icc'.c up cjain at this wiadcu. r r-.ls .'.tutcu^ent is truo and correct to tho best of oQr koowledsa and belief. r t^-c-U^^/fZi,^^^ Subscribed and sworn to before me on thi» the —f~Z_/^av — of ^'^*^ _,^^ A. D. 19 ^ 77i2^^ \ D%\\m County, Texas Notary Publuf. Dallas Commission Exhibit No. 357 55 Commission Exhibit 357 953 • "D-llan, Texas No«/c!Mbar 2'», 1963 "I, Arnold Louis Rowland, make the following statement of my own free will to Jamas W. Swlnford and Paul E. Wulff, who have Identified themselves as Special Agents of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. "I am 18 years of age, live at 3026 Haminerly, and am employed at pizza Inn, 2841, West D«vl8, Dallas, Texas. "My wife Barbara and I arrived at a point on Houston Street in Dallas between Main and Elm Streets at about 12:10 p.m., November 22, 1963* for the purpose of observing president Kennedy in the motorcade. The exact position where we were located was on the sidewalk on the west side of the Dallas County Courthouse Just under the office of Sheriff Decker and a few feet to the south of the elevator shaft which comes out of the sidewalk, "Between 12:10 p.m. and 12:15. pm. , I looked toward the Texas School Book Depository which faces the South and is located on the corner of Elm and Houston. I observed the two rectangulor windows at the extreoje west end of the Texas School Book Depository on the next to the top floor were open. I saw what I believed to be a man standing about 12 to 15 feet back from the window on the right. He appeared to be slender in proportion to his height, was wearing a white or light colored shirt, either collarless or open at the neck. He appeared to have dark hair. He also appeared to holding a rifle with scope attached, in a ready position or in military terminology, port arms. I saw him only momentarily and he seemed to aiaa£ga'? in the shadows of the room. /at the time "I gave this no further consideration as I believed he was probably a Secret Service man. I also called this to the attention of my wifi, but she did not see the man. ! "About 15 or 20 minutes later the President f came by, but I did not see him get shot, nor did I see any shots fired. I did hear three shots. By about 1:45 p.m. I had advised an officer of what I had seen and I was taken to the office of Sheriff Decker. Commiosion Exhibit No. 358 "" Commission Exhibit 358 954 DL 89-^3 "I would not be able to Identify the person I saw due to the distance involved. "I have read this 3-page statement which contains to ray knowledge the correct truth. "/s/ ARNOLD L. ROWLAND 11-24-63 "WITNESSES: "/s/PAUL E. WULFP "Special Agent, F3I, Dallas, Texas "/s /JAMES W. SWINFORD, "Special Agent, PBI> Dallas, Texas" H n Commission Exhibit 358 — Continued 955 Commission Exhibit 359 956 It] II '< I i iit ME! Commission Exhibit 360 COMMISSION EXHIBIT 361 Commission Exhibit 361 957 TEXAS SCHOOL BOOK DEPOSITORY FLOOR PLAN OF FIRST FLOOR STREf COMMISSION EXHIBIT Commission Exhibit 362 958 AFFIDAVIT IN ANY FACT THE STATE OF TEXAS COUNTY OF DALLAS oxjr BEFORE ME, a Notary Public in ond for loid County, Stare of Texas, on thit day perionolly appeared _Jjr;csJo^chardJ'->'orre^]j^_Jr.j v/n/20 of 1 3^10 V^intG rhavQn|^_C-7 2 378, '^'hor. aG Jefferccn Kiph Who, of ter being by me duly sworn, on oath deposes and say»: ^eutCTdrrj afternoon at orproxLriatoly I2:5p y.r. J v.no r.tmc'ir" on tie ddoualk r-^sinst a buildinp on tlB corner of I':Lt. rnd i^our.ton -trcct? mtchinp tho motor cacQ of 'the ^rosidcnt, I heard loud noico like a firo crac'cor or jnin shots. I look around to ceo where the noico ca.-o frcr.. I lookv^d up and sau tho barrol of ;, riflo stLclcLng out of a 5-ri.ndo'..' over rrv head rhout ? or 6 ntorics up. '• hile I i.'as locklnfT at tho pun it was firod arain. I loo'.rod back at i'ir. Kennedy and hp viar sluKfinc over. 1 [jot scaxod and rrn frc:-. the location. V.'Mlc I was runnin.? I heard the fun fire t;:o isoro tir^s, I rrn fro.! rin ^'treot to Pacific Street on I'ouston. VTnen I i:as about ICO yards frcn the buildjn.i' I stopped to pet my broatli and looked back at tho buildinc. I eav- r. v/r., !^'8" to 5'10", dark hair, average xjcifht for hoipjit, dark shirt or .iackot opon do'.Ti front, no hat, didn't have anything in bands, como out of tha bv:ilf»,<^ nnd run in the opposite direction fron^ v.c, I then caught a bus to ^ '"'^•3.^/^'»^^ fllcJu^-^-/ Z'Jc^^inoi/^ *^ SUBSCRI3ED AND SWORN TO BEFORE ME THIS 23 DAY OF " ovcnb cr ^_q ,9jj3 y^' -^ / /(-^://.?^~— ".-ry Kattaa Nelory Publk, Oallat Covnty, T.xat \ CPS-CfU13 \ 69 Commission Exhibit 363 959 \ ^ Commission Exhibit 364 960 Commission Exhibit 365 740-536 0-64 vol. XVI 62 961 Commission Exhibit 3G6 962 VOLUNTARY state; ,r. No. U»a« A««t. Form No. 86 ^^ > /^ .^ (__ CCDIUKITY ©I? DAHJLAS, TTEXAS Before me, che undertlgned authority, oik thb the -£2nd ^^ ^ November ji ^ £)_ |j> 63 penondly appeared Anos Tx'O Tiulnn a^>4,>.. ^11 Avothia v ' 1? ^-9701 ^^^^^^^ » ^^^^S Ace . Phone ^^ T-'H to SCO tho F.^ccldcnt of the' United Stafe^^'!i^\o''c|Jf?^JaiL?^I"^ vas stanalnf: on the corner of EUn and Houston street. suandlnc I could look across the street and see a largo From Sere I vas rod brick ^^^' *^® President turn^ho comer In front f'.^^J^^'^--; ,? waivou of ne and I at him and he vaived back. TTvatched the car and about the time the car cot,neaHhe black and on dovm the street xSl?e siS I helS I ^^'^ lool'^ne arouna and then I looked b,^?i.H J 2^f up In the red brick "^'''^°^' ''^%^ S^ ^"^ I s^^' I^ shoot twice, ne thP^:tnn nS then stepped ti\^ S^" J? f back behind some boxes^ I could tell the run i;as a rxfle and it sounded like an automatlo^lfle tto ju^t saw a little bit of the barrel, and some o£> thJ T.iis was a wViite man, he did not have on a hat. he vas^hooW^ tri^Sr hoSS. I w I just slw thirmS for a few seconds. As far as I knou, I had never seen this man before. ^"^tA TToyeab er Sub»cribed and »wom to before me on thi« the ^^^^ ^ q jj 63 NoufY Publ^pallM County. Texas " *" ConanlsBion Exhibit No. 367 22 G0MMIS8ION Exhibit 367 963 Commission Exhibit 368 964 Commission Exhibit 369 965 y^^^^^rfffl<&-.»'^fl^y^^ Commission Exhibit 370 966 Commission Exhibit No. 371 and map of other principal Dallas area cities compliments of: REPXTBLIC NATIONAL BANK OF DALLAS CAPITAL AND SURPLUS LARGEST IN THE SOUTH MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION Commission Exhibit 371 967 ^'^:: COMMISSION EXHIBIT Commission Exhibit 371 —Continued 968 Commission Exhibit 372 Canzlsslon Exhibit Bo. 373 "tsr nrt* •ttft* ijUy— % n 1 -0 - . 4i':.plpq- srs!f^» »*»it' ''I » - Ml tifij^^ •H — „?J! U^KD IB M5 to3> Commission Exhibit 373 969 Commission Exhibit 375 _-^f Commission Exhibit 376 970 « r?^ Commission Exhibit No. 377 AFFIDAVIT IN ANY FACT THE STATE OF TEXAS COUNTY OF DALLAS BEFORE M£^ J?A7!2^_£vIiU *i_• o NoJory Public in and for Mid County, Stot* o< T«ija;Lcojis^aix,Ujj«uxixvjD:ii.gci-;^ A:vi^>^i?Vv;ox SUBSCRIBED AND SWORN TO BEFORE ME TH1S_?^^DAY OF Kpycsbog -A.D. 196 C-T^O<7 r PoUlc OaU» CmH/, T« cr»«f^u 38 Commission Exhibit 377 971 V MARSALIS-RAMONA ^ no ^^oo -, ^ /^^ i j ELMWOOD-MUNGER /^..Wi iff/, ^l - 1. L~mJJ_^_ RUN krr» Lv. Arr» L7. Irr. U. LAKEWOOD 72// IZL TIME ALLOWED ON SCHEDULE WESTSHORE BEP. 4 T.I . UL 1 ? Paulu3 Peak ^ ""J? i^AZ 7^5 " TRAVEL SPREAD IMMC 2j>^ Hall \IX^ TRIPPER St. Paul LAMAR JUlI Bee .-GiBeribriar. z 2irx T. OVER 9:00 TOTAL ACTUAL iti-fc Z^^t Zaixgs Zi^ A^. 1 \, ^^ WxHTZl PAY HOURS L^ Tyler c MIL£S Jefferson /A^-p IM- A.M. . r. "Arr. Iat. Arr, Lv. I ArrTJ ____ Commission Exhibit 378 1 5 s Commission Exhibit 379 972 Commission Exhibit 380 973 i QD I K-^-^- if^mnmrnumttt/'^ ^ X.(r>*r 4^>y^ i r P-Si' l" C5 i6x- xl I IKS I Commission Exhibit 382 / 9/ J ^! rl i Commission Exhibit 383-A 975 Coraralsslon Exhibit Ho. 384 June 19, 1962 "To VJhcm It May Cc jern "This ie to certify that li*. Lee Earvey Osvald has a good kno-.rledge of tl\2 Rucsion lorys^nce. He acq.uired this kno-rledge during his tlirce-j-cor residence in the Soviet Uiiion. In riy opinion, he Is capable of being an Inteipreter and perhaps a translator," Commission Exhibit 384 976 Commission Exhibit 385 Commission Exhibit 386 740-536 0-64 vol. XVI 63 977 caB0*.T4 Torm 809 — Coomission Exhibit Ho. 3^7 1 AUTOPSY PROTOC OL ^63-272 (JJStec) CLINICAL RECORD CMCCK 0*« WTi WO »o«« AUTorjT rtwo«»i» a. m 1 HLAD0i*UT TW^***.' PATX AMO MOU« DlfcO 2000(ES-)m niUAi/Tor»T I 1300(CST) 22 Koveniber 1 963 >•> :.M-„.r,ber lo'^'* ^^^^^^^ ^"''^^ rm>MCTo« (497831) „ „ "„L„ BOS^SLL.MC.PSH fea "J" THOSOTOH Kt. - 72h Inches Wt. - 170 poundo Eyc« - blue Hair - Reddish brown rATHOUMICAl. OlAOHOSO rAiTS-R OF DEATHl Gunshot wound, head. 1^ Ai>rBOVci>-a'<:'*ATvm« J^-i lOOmricy^Tiow HO. AUTOr»Y NO. sex RACK ;:r,L.".VAR'r OROAH.WT.ON (>»". '«-""< I A63-272 Cauc, .tt, 6ft, IWOISTZn NO. KENireDY, JOHN F. AUTOPn PROTOCOL NAVAL MEDICAL SCHOOL .•*"c KCflOl fx' r r Commission Exhibit 387 978 Conmlsslon Exhibit Ro. 387 PATCOLOGICAL EX/CHKATIOH REPORT A63-272 ?°fig 2 CLINICAL SiaiMARY: According to available inforcitlon the deceased. President John F. Kennedy, was riding In an open car In a notorcado during an official visit to Dallas , Texas on 22 Novcnber 1963. The President was sitting in the right rear seat with I-lrs. Kennedy seated on the eame seat to his left. Sitting directly in front of the President was Governor John B, Connolly of Texas and directly in front of Mrs. Kennedy sat Mrs. Connolly. The vehicle vas laovtng at e slox? rate of speed down an Incline Into an underpass that leads to a freeway route to the Dallas Trade Mart vherecthe President was to deliver an address. Three shots were heard and the President fell forward bleeding from the head. (Governor Connolly was seriously wounded by the same gunfire.) According to newspaper reports ("Washington Post" Noveniber 23, 1963) Bob Jackson, a Dallas "Times Herald"Photographer, said he looked around as be heard the shote and saw a rifle barrel disappearing into a window on an upper floor of the nearby Texas School Sook Depository Building. Shortly following the wounding of the t^vo • men the car was driven to Parkland Hospital In Dallas. In the emergency room of that hospital the President was attended by Dr. Malcolm Perry. Telephone conmunlcatlon with Dr. Perry on November 23, 1963 develops the following information relative to the ob- servations made by Dr. Perry and procedures performed there prior t;o death. Dr. Perry noted the massive wound of the head and a second much smaller wound of the low anterior neck in approximately the midline. A tr3chcoston?y was performed by extending the la&ter wound. At this point bloody air was noted bubbling from the wound and an injury to the right lateral wall of the trachea was observed. Incisions were made in the upper anterior chest wall bilaterally to combat possible subcutaneous emphysema. Intravenous Infusions of blood and saline were begun and oxygen was administered. Despite these measures cardiac arrest occurred and closed chest cardiac massage failed to re-establish cardiac action. The President wac pronounced dead approximately thirty to forty minutes after receiving his wounds. The remains were transported via the Presidential plane to Washington, D.C. and subsequently to the Haval Medical School, National Naval Medical Centex, Betbesda, Maryland for postmortem examination. GEKDIAL DESCRIPTION OF BODY: . The body is that of a muscular, well- ' - developed and well nourished adult Caucasian male measuring 72% Inches and weighing approximately 170 pounds. There is beginning rigor mortis, minimal dependent llvor mortis of the dorsum, and early algor mortis. The hair is reddish brown and abundant, the eyes are blue, the right pupil measuring 8 ma. in diameter, the left A im^. There Is edema and ecchymosls of the inner canthus region of the left eyelid measuring approximately l.S cm. In greatest diameter. There Is edema and ecchymosls diffusely over the right supra-orbital rlxige with abnormal mobility of the underlying bone. (The remaliyler of the scalp will be described with the ftkull.) P-« '^ F' Commission Exhibit 387 — Continued 979 Coanlsslon Exhibit Ho. 33? A63-272 Page 3 PATnOLOGICAL EX.VMIKVnON REPORT but otherwise the e.re. nares «^IISSILE WDOMDS: the scalp and skull on the right involving somewhat into the temporal and ""^P^"! chiefly the parietal bone but extending of scalp and bone producing a regS. In this region there is an 13 cm. inabsence actual greatest dlaiaeter. defect which measures approximately From the irregular margins of the above fashion into the more or less intact scalp scalp difect tears extend in .telUte as follows: anterior to the right ear to a. From the right inferior temporo-parietal margin a point slightly above the tragus. b. FroB the anterior parietal margin anteriorly on the forehead to approatlaately 4 CB. above the right orbital ridge. the midline antero-UteraUy «. From the left .^gla of the «*to defect aero., cm. for a dletance of approximately 8 d. From the seme starting podnt m c. 10 cm. postero-lateralXy. T^- T--7 n / Commission Exhibit 387 —Continued 980 r Coanlsslon Exhibit Ho. 3&7 PATOOLOGIC/J. EXA:!INATIO^; REPORT A63-272 Page 4 Situated in the posterior scalp approxliaately 2.5 ca. laterally to the right and • slightly above the external occipital protuberance is a lacerated wound measuring 15 X 6 en. In the underlying bone is a corresponding wound through the skull which exhibits beveling of the margins of the bone when viewed froo the inner ««p«ct "^ of the skull. , ,, J , Clearly visible in the above described large , skull defect and exuding from it is lacerated btaln tissue wliich on close inspection proves to represent the major portion of the right cerebral hemisphere. At this point it is noted that the falx cerebri Is extensively lacerated with dis- ruption of the superior saggltal sinus. . .._ ,lines are seen to radiate from . ^pon reflecting the scalp multiple complete fracture both the large defect at the vertex and the smaller wound at the occiput. These vary greatly in length and direction, the longest measuring approximately 19 cm. These result in the production of nui^erous fragments which vary In size from a few millimeters to 10 cm. in greatest diameter. <_ _ ^ fragments -v , . ^^ complexity of these fractures and the thus produced tax satisfactory verbal description and are better .ppr«latL in photographs and roentgenograms which are prepared. The brain is removed and preserved far further sttidy following formalin fixation, _ , , Received as separate specimens from Dallaa Texas are three fragments of skull bone which In aggregate roughly approxlmlw ' the '""'""' "'°^"- ^^ °"« ^''Sle of the'largest of the., fr^^^^trif frasments f'r'perimeter of a roughly circular ir^" of the is a portion wound presumably of ex.c which exhibits beveling of the outer aspect of the bone and is estimated to measure approximately 2.5 to 3.0 cm. in diameter. Roentgenograms of this fragment reveal. minute particles of metal in the bone at this mar|in.^ Roentgenogram! I?^he skull reveal multiple minute metallic fragments along a line correspondlnrwlth a line joining the above described small occipital wound and the right supra-orbftal ridge From the surface of the disrupted right cerebral cortex two small Irregularly shaped fragments of metal are recovered. These measure 7 x 2 mm. and 3 x 1 mm. These a^-e of Agents Francix X. O'Neill, Jr. and James ?i^!f « ^'"f^^ W. Slbert. of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, who executed a receipt , therefor (attached). .,_.....,., The second wound presumably of entry 2. Is that described above in the upper right posterior thorax. Beneath the skin there is ecchynosls of subcutaneous tissue and musculature. The misdle path throufih the fascia and musculature cannot be easily probed. The wound presumably of exirwas that described by Dr. ^kllcol« Perry of Dallas in the low anterior cervical region tAen observed by Dr. Perry the wound measured "a few millimeters in diam^te^' how- ' Tly. at .T' of the time T^'^^'^ " " "^^^heostomy incision and thus its character is distorted autopsy. However^ there is considerable ecchymosis of the strap '^^ °^ '''" ""'^ "^ °^ '^^ ^""^^ abourthe trachea adjacent TJlll\f 't^"' ''v" to the line of the tracheostomy wound. The third point of reference la connecting ' \ (** n^ n Commission Exhibit 387— Continued 981 . CoonlaalOD Exhibit Ro. 387 PATtlOLOGICAL EXAMTKATIOW REPORT A63-272 _P£SeJ. these two wounds Is In the apex (supra-clavicular portion) of the right pleural civl'y. In this region there is coT-.tuslon of the parietal pleurc ano of the extreme apical portion of the rlsht upper loba of the lung. In both Inctances the dlaiaeter of contusion and ecchymosls at Che point of maximal Involvement measures 5 cm. Both tba vlacaral and parlatal plaura «r« Intaec ovarlylng tbasa araaa of cratoa. mCISIONSs The scalp wounds are extended In the coronal plane to exosilne the cranial content and the customary (Y) shaped laclaloa Is used to examine the body cavities. TECKACIC CAVIT7: The bony cage is unremarkable. The thoracic organs are in their normal positions and re- lationships and there Is no Increase in free pleural fluid. The above described area of contusion in the apical portion of the right pleural cavity Is noted. LUKGS: The lungs are of essentially similar ap- pearance the right weighing 320 Gm. , the left 290 Gm. The lungs are well aerated wltb smooth glistening pleural surfaces and grcyplnk color. A 5 cm. diameter area of purplish red discoloration and Increased firmness to palpation Is situated In the apical portion of the right upper lobe. This corresponds to the similar area described in the overlying parietal pleura. Incision la this region reveals recent hcsaorrhage Into pulmonary parenchyma. HEART: The pericardial cavity is smooth walled and contains approximately 10 cc. of strav- colored fluid. The heart Is of essentially normal external contour and weighs 350 Om. The pulmonary artery is opened in situ and no abnormalities are noted. The cardiac chambers contain moderate amounts of postmortem clotted blood*. There are no gross abnormalities of the leaflets of any of the cardiac valves. The following ore the circumferences of the cardiac valves: aortic 7.S cm. , pulmonic 7 cm. , tricuspid 12 cm. , mitral 11 cm. The myocardlvm Is firm and reddish brown. The left ventricular myocardium averages 1.2 cm. In thickness, the right ventricular myocardium 0.4 cm. The coronary arteries are dissected and are of normal distribution and smooth walled and elastic throughout. ABDOMINAL CAVITY: The abdominal organs are In their normal positions and relationships and there Is no increase In free peritoneal fluid. Thei-vermlform appendix Is surgically absent and there are a few adhesions Joining the region of the cecum to the ventral ab- dominal wall at the above described old abdominal Incisional scar. SiOEXETAL SYSTDl: Aside from the above described skull wounds there ore no significant gross skeletal abnormal it ies PHOTOG&APHT: Black and white and color photographs depicting significant findings are exposed but not developed. These photogiraplis vera placed In t^ie custody of Agent Roy B. Kellerman of the U. S. Secret Service, yibo executed a receipt therefore (attached). ^ —I "'I r^iT^ f"-^^ n Urn. Commission Exhibit 387 — Continued 982 . Coonlsslon Exhibit Ho. 337 PATHOLOGICAL EXAI-IIHATIOK REPORT A63-272 Page 6 ROEIOXSEMOGBJtMS: Roentgenograms arc nade of the entire body and of the separately subnittcd three fragments of skull bone. These «re developed and were placed in the custody of Agent Roy H. Kellerman of the U. S. Secret Service, who executed a receipt therefor (attached) SUllMARY; Based on the above observations it is our opinion that the deceased died as a result of two perforating gunshot wounds Inflicted by high velocity projectiles fired by a person or persons unknown. The projectiles were fired froa a point behind and soac- v/hat above the level of the deceased. The observations and available information do not permit a satisfactory estimate as to the sequence of the two wounds. The fatal missile entered the skull above and to the right of the external occipital protuberance. A portion of the projectile traversed the cranial cavity in a posterior-anterior direction (see lateral skull roentgenograms) depositing minute particles along its path. A portion of the pro- jectile made its exit through the parietal bone on the right carrying with it portions -of cerebrum, skull and scalp. The two wounds of the skull combined vith the force of the missile produced extensive fragmentation of the skull, laceration of the superior saggital sinus, and of the right cerebral hemisphere. The other missile entered the right superior posterior thorax above the scapula and traversed the soft tissues of the supra-scap- ular and the supra-clavicular portions of the base of the right, side of the neck. This missile produced contusions of the right apical parietal pleura and of the apical portion of the right Aipper lobe of the lung. The missile contused the strap muscles of the right side of the neck, damaged the trachea and made its exit through the anterior surface of the neck. As far as can be ascertained this missile struck no booy structures in its path through the body. In addition, it is our opinion that the wound of the skull produced such extensive damage to the brain as to preclude the possibility of the deceased survivlns this injiu^. A supplementary report will be submitted following more detailed examination of the brain and of microscopic sections. However, It is not anticipated that these examinations will materially alter the findings. ^K. J. J. HUMES '•r^^^X/.x__ "h" THORHTON BOSWELL A^ c^^^K PIERRE A. rXSCH CDR, MC, OSN (497831) ^ ^^aa., MC, USN (489878) LT COL, MC, DSA (04-043-322) fX r\ (^ Commission Exhibit 387 — Continued 983 ^ / >^ ^^' Commission Exhibit 388 984 Commission Exhibit 389 985 Commission Exhibit 390 986 — ConmiBslon Exhltlt No. 391 /V^ ' SUPPLHSiNT/JlY REPaiT OF AUTOPSY jrj-.EEH A63-272 ,^^1 jlok PRESIDEin: JOHN F. KEMEDY r..?: OLCGICAL nL::iNATIOM REP0?.T No. A63-272 Pa,-;e 1 GROSS DZSGRIPTION OF Cr^VIN: Foilowins fomalln fixation the brain weighs 1500 gias. The rirjbt cerebral hemisphere is found to be markedly disrupted. There is a longitudii-.al laceration of the ri.-jht henisphere which is para-sagittal in position approximately 2.5 cm. to the r-.^ht o2 the of the midline which extends froa the tip of the occipital lobe posteriorly to the tip of the frontal lobe anteriorly. The base of the laceration is situated approximately 4.5 cm. below the vertex in the white matter. Thi-ro is considerable loss of cortical substance above the base of the laceration, particularly in the parietal lobe. The margins of this laceration are at all points jasged and irregular, with additional lacerations extending in varying ciractions and for varying distances from the main laceration. In addition, there is a laceration of the corpus callosuia extending from the genu to the tall. Ex- posed in this latter laceration are the interiors of the right lateral and third ventricles. Wien viewed from the vertex the left cerebral hemisphere la intact. There is marked engorgement of meningeal blood vessels of the left temporal and frontal regions with considerable associated sub-arachnoid hemorrhage. The gyrl and sulci over the left hemisphere are of essentially normal size and distribution. Those on the right are too fragmented and distorted for satisfactory description. 'Jlien viewed from the basilar aspect the disruption of the right cortex Is again obvious. There is a longitudinal laceration of the mid-brain through the floor of the third ventricle just behind the optic chias:= and the itiammillary bodies. T his laceration partially communi- c;:tes v;ith an oblique 1.5 an. tear through the left cerebral peduncle. There are irregular superficial lacerations over the basilar aspects of the left temporal and frontal lobes. In the interest of preserving the specimen coronal sections are not made. The following sections are taken for microscopic examination: a. From the margin of the laceration in the right parietal lobe. b. From the margin of the laceration in the corpus callosum. c. From the anterior portion of the laceration in the right frontal lobe. d. From the contused left fronto-parletal cortex. e. From the line of transection of the spinal cord. f. From the right cerebellar cortex. g. From the superficial laceration of the basilar aspect of the left temporal lobe. / 3L X / Commission Exhibit 391 987 — CkmnlBBlon Exhibit Mo. 391 ^ PATi:OL(X;iCAL e:<;V: I NATION RT-PGRT No. A63-272 Par.c 2 During the course of this exair.iaation seven (7) black and white and six (6) color Ax5 inch ne.-^atives are exposed but not developed (the cassettes containing these necatlves have been delivered by hand to Rear .\dmiral George V. Durkley, HC, USH, IJhite House Physician). lllCiOSCOPIC SX/\MI1JATI0N: Bn.il?;; Multiple sections from representative areas as not J above arc cxoulncd. All sections are essentially similar and show extensive disruption of brain tissue with associated heu.orrhage. In none of the sections exanined are there significant ab- normalities other than those directly related to the recenL trauma. KEART : Sections show a moderate amount of sub- epicardial fat. The coronary arteries, myocardial fibers, and endocardium are unremarkable. LTOGS; Sections through the grossly described area of contusion in the right upper lobe exhibit disruption of alveolar walls and recent heaorrhage into alveoli. Sections are otherwise essentially unremarkable. LIV:">: Sections show the normal hepatic archi- tecture to be well preserved. The parenchymal cells exhibit markedly granular cytoplasm indicating high glycogen content which is characteristic of the "liver biopsy pattern" of sudden death. SVLEuNt Sections show no significant abnormalities. KIDRHYS; Sections show no significant abnormal it lea aside from dilatation and engorgement of blood vessels of all calibers. SKIK ^TiU'TDS: Sections through the wounds in the occipital and upper right posterior thoracic regions are essentially similar. In each there is loss of continuity of the epidermis with coagulation necrosis of the tissues at the wound margins. The scalp <.;ound exhibits several small fragments of bone at its margins in the sub- cutaneous tissue. FIKi\L SUi-CM/XRY: This supplementary report covers in mora detail the extensive degree o£ cerebral trauma in this case. However neither this portion of the examination nor the micro- scopic examinations alter the previously submitted report or add significant details to the cause of death. ' J. J. HUMES . CDR, MC, USN, 497831 <^ Commission Exhibit 391 —Continued 988 . CcjnnlBslon ExhlMt Ho. 39-1- /m^ iilEh 6 Dcccuicr 1963 Fron:: Cc-.:x)aml ingOfficer, V. S. Naval Medical School To: T.._- House Pi.ysicicn ".-.ite Via: Co=.-nar.dins Officer, NiCioaal Naval Kodical Center Subj: Su?plenentary report of Kaval Medical School autopsy f No. A63-272 ^^-> ^i^, John F. Kennedy; forwarding of J' • ''"' '*'"' '"''^"' '"^^ supplementary report are for- Ldcd'hcrewith!' J. H. STOVJK, JR, 6 Decericr 1963 Proa: Co-.n:nand ing Officer, national Kaval Medical Center To: Tne l.hite House Physician 1. Forwarded C. B. GAliO'.aY Commission Exhibit 391 —Cofttinued 989 UBRAR;;, BOSTON PUBLIC 124 4 3 9999 06314